CN104143970B - A kind of for surveying the accumulation detection method of weak signal aperiodic - Google Patents
A kind of for surveying the accumulation detection method of weak signal aperiodic Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind ofly for surveying the accumulation detection method of weak signal aperiodic, it comprises: 1. utilize 4 harvesters to set up for gathering 4 identical acquisition channels of small-signal aperiodic; 2. utilize 4 acquisition channels to gather small-signal it is converted to respectively to signal of telecommunication aperiodic simultaneously; 3. pair 4 groups of signals of telecommunication that convert to carry out respectively filtering, amplification and analog-to-digital conversion process, form 4 groups of data signals; 4. will carry out segmentation and storage in duration modes such as certain hour collection every group of data signal employings after treatment; 5. calculate the time difference estimated sequence between 2 groups of corresponding segment data signals, thereby obtain multiple time difference estimated sequences; 6. pair described multiple time difference estimated sequences accumulate and process and extract time difference information estimated value; 7. calculate the 3 d space coordinate of weak signal aperiodic according to TOA difference locating principle, realize the Detection location to it.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to signal processing method research field, particularly a kind of micro-for surveying aperiodicThe accumulation detection method of Weak Signal Source.
Background technology
Small-signal typically refers to buried useful signal extremely faint in ambient noise, here micro-Weak main represent useful signal energy because of with respect to ambient noise energy compared with the little ambient noise that is submerged inIn. Detection of Weak Signals has been widely used in communication engineering, electronic countermeasure, biomedicine, earthquake and has surveyedThe fields such as spy and fault diagnosis.
At present conventional method for detecting weak signals mainly contain Wavelet-denoising Method, adaptive digital filtering method,Fourier's frequency domain converter techniques etc., the lowest detection signal to noise ratio that these methods can reach is greatly about-10dB a left sideThe right side, but usually there will be the more small-signal of low signal-to-noise ratio, now these detection sides while detecting at the sceneMethod just cannot detect these more small-signals of low signal-to-noise ratio.
For further improving the detectability of small-signal, a kind of more conventional effective ways are exactly profitIncrease the energy of useful signal with accumulation technology, come effectively by repeatedly observation, long time integrationIncrease the time gain of useful signal, thereby realize the detection of small-signal. Accumulation detection technique is mainThe energy that utilizes the cycle dependency of useful signal and the randomness of noise signal to realize useful signal increasesBy force, the energy of noise signal weakens, thereby improve the signal to noise ratio of useful signal, realize small-signal inspectionSurvey. This accumulation detection method obtains in fields such as radar detection, sonar detection and astronomical observationsExtensive use, greatly expanded the detection range of detection system to weak signal. But according to accumulationThat detects realizes principle, and this accumulation detection method is mainly applicable to periodically or quasi periodic small-signal,Often also inapplicable for nonperiodic signal.
And in actual engineering application, need to detect a large amount of nonperiodic signals toward contact,Especially small-signal aperiodic in noise background is detected, as partial discharge pulse's signal,Laser pulse signal, ultrasonic pulse-echo signal etc.
Therefore, in the urgent need to a kind of accumulation detection method that can be used for surveying small-signal aperiodic.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of accumulation detection of surveying weak signal aperiodic that can be used inMethod, to realize the Detection location of low signal-to-noise ratio lower aperiodic of weak signal.
For this reason, the invention provides a kind of for surveying the accumulation detection method of weak signal aperiodic,It comprises:
The first step: utilize 4 harvesters with same structure to set up faint for gathering aperiodic4 identical acquisition channels of signal, one of them acquisition channel is used as with reference to acquisition channel, itsIts 3 acquisition channel is combined into two acquisition channels with this with reference to acquisition channel respectively, thereby forms 3 groupsTwo acquisition channels;
Second step: utilize described 4 identical acquisition channels simultaneously to gather within a certain period of time multiple non-Cycle small-signal, gather within this time taking each acquisition channel multiple aperiodic small-signal asOne group, thus gather altogether 4 groups aperiodic small-signal, and by this 4 groups aperiodic small-signal respectivelyBe converted to the signal of telecommunication;
The 3rd step: convert to 4 groups of signals of telecommunication are carried out respectively to filtering, amplification and analog-to-digital conversion process,Form 4 groups of data signals;
The 4th step: the duration modes such as every group of data signal employing after treatment are carried out to segmentation and storage;
The 5th step: taking by the described data signal obtaining with reference to acquisition channel acquisition and processing as referenceSignal, calculates by every group in 3 groups of two acquisition channels two by broad sense cross-correlation Time Delay Estimation MethodTime difference estimated sequence between the data signal of 2 groups of corresponding segment storages that acquisition channel obtains, therebyObtain multiple time difference estimated sequences;
The 6th step: respectively described multiple time difference estimated sequences of every group of two acquisition channels carry out accumulation placeManage and therefrom extract a maximum as time difference information estimated value, by described 3 groups of two acquisition channelsObtain altogether 3 time difference information estimated values;
The 7th step: in conjunction with 3 time difference information estimated values of gained and the position of described 4 harvestersCoordinate, calculates the 3 d space coordinate of weak signal aperiodic according to TOA difference locating principle, realThe now Detection location to it.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by by aperiodic small-signal be converted to and there is periodic characteristicTime difference estimated sequence accumulates detection, thereby has solved the long time integration inspection of small-signal aperiodicSurvey problem, can effectively improve the detectivity of test macro to weak signal aperiodic, is conducive toUnder complex background noise disturbs or under Distance Test condition, realize the spy to weak signal aperiodicSurvey.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be utilize 4 harvesters set up 4 groups of two acquisition channels to aperiodic small-signal carry outThe theory diagram of acquisition and processing;
Fig. 2 be utilize two acquisition channels to aperiodic small-signal carry out the theory diagram of acquisition and processing;
Fig. 3 is the binary channels time domain waveform of utilizing two harvesters to obtain under Low SNR;
Fig. 4 is the result of based on cross-correlation, data shown in Fig. 3 being carried out time difference estimation;
Fig. 5 utilizes cross-correlation accumulation to carry out the result of time difference estimation under Low SNR;
Wherein: 1-the first harvester; 2-the second harvester; 3-the 3rd harvester; 4-the 4thHarvester; 5-bandpass filter; 6-low-noise amplifier; 7-analog-digital converter; 8-cross-correlation is estimatedMeter module; The accumulation of 9-time difference information and extraction module; 10-time difference localization process module; 11-signal source;12-small-signal aperiodic; The measured signal that 13-the first harvester gathers; 14-the second harvesterThe measured signal gathering.
Detailed description of the invention
As what introduce in background technology, aperiodic, the signal to noise ratio of small-signal was lower, even went outExisting useful signal is submerged in the phenomenon in ambient noise completely, cannot directly utilize long accumulationDetect the signal to noise ratio that improves small-signal aperiodic. Present inventor has designed a kind of use pair and has adoptedAcquisition means mode gather 2 groups aperiodic small-signal, according to time difference estimation theory, when signal source,When position between one harvester and the second harvester is fixed relatively, signal source fills to the first collectionPut and just can be regarded as to the optical path difference between the second harvester changeless, at this moment by twoTime difference information between 2 groups of aperiodic small-signals that harvester obtains is exactly changeless, andThis time difference information has repeatability in different testing time sections, has periodic characteristic, thereby by non-Cycle small-signal is converted to be had the time difference estimated sequence of feature stable period and accumulates, and realizesLocation to signal source.
For making content of the present invention more clear understandable, below in conjunction with Figure of description 1-5, the present invention is doneFurther illustrate. Fig. 1 is that to utilize 4 harvesters to set up 4 groups of two acquisition channels faint to aperiodicSignal carries out the theory diagram of acquisition and processing, and Fig. 2 utilizes two acquisition channels to faint letter aperiodicNumber carry out the theory diagram of acquisition and processing. Fig. 3 utilizes two harvesters under Low SNRThe binary channels time domain waveform figure obtaining; Fig. 4 carries out the time difference based on cross-correlation to data shown in Fig. 3The schematic diagram of estimated result; Fig. 5 utilizes cross-correlation accumulation to carry out time difference estimation under Low SNRThe schematic diagram of result.
Of the present invention as follows for surveying the step of accumulation detection method of weak signal aperiodic:
The first step: utilize 4 harvesters with same structure to set up faint for gathering aperiodic4 identical acquisition channels of signal, one of them acquisition channel is used as with reference to acquisition channel, itsIts 3 acquisition channel is combined into two acquisition channels with this with reference to acquisition channel respectively, thereby forms 3 groupsTwo acquisition channels.
For instance, be electromagnetic wave signal for nonperiodic signal, utilize 4 to there is identical knotThe reception antenna of structure, as harvester, forms the drainage pattern of 4 element array; For nonperiodic signal beAcoustic signals, utilizes 4 sound pressure sensors with same structure as harvester, composition 4The drainage pattern of element array; Wherein the first harvester is the reference acquisition channel of sharing, and second gathersDevice, the 3rd harvester and the two acquisition channels of the 4th harvester respectively with the first harvester composition,Thereby set up 3 groups of two acquisition channels, wherein the first harvester as with reference to acquisition channel by itIts 3 harvester is shared, as shown in Figure 1.
Second step: utilize these 3 groups two acquisition channels to gather small-signal aperiodic simultaneously, thereby adopt altogetherCollect 4 groups aperiodic small-signal, and by this 4 groups aperiodic small-signal be converted to respectively the signal of telecommunication.
Here, the signal of telecommunication is voltage signal. But those skilled in the art knows, also can turnBe changed to current signal.
Here need again to illustrate, although referred to herein as 3 groups of two acquisition channels, setting upIn process, be 4 identical acquisition channels, one of them acquisition channel is the reference acquisition channel of sharing,Therefore small-signal aperiodic gathering is 4 groups.
The 3rd step: convert to 4 groups of signals of telecommunication are carried out respectively to filtering, amplification and analog-to-digital conversion process,Form 4 groups of data signals.
Wherein: it is mainly that useful signal noise or interfering signal in addition filtered out that filtering is processed. OneAs way be adopt bandpass filter 5 carry out bandpass filtering, frequency band range can be according to the elder generation of useful signalTesting knowledge determines.
Amplifying processing is the signal to noise ratio that improves measured signal. Can adopt low-noise amplifier 6 to carry out.
Convert analog signal to data signal so that follow-up further processing. Can adopt modulusConverter 7 is carried out.
The 4th step: will be in duration modes such as certain hour collection every group of data signal employings after treatmentCarry out segmentation and storage.
For example, to the collection of 1s time every group of digital signal data after treatment to enter every 0.1msA segmentation of row, is divided into into 10000 segment datas, and storage. In other words, employing waits duration modeSegmentation is exactly according to acquisition time segmentation, as every 0.1ms is gathered by the data that gather in certain hourData be divided into one piece of data. Conventionally all according to the storage of array form. To in certain hour collectionSignal data wait duration segmentation to be conducive to improve the speed of later data processing.
The 5th step: calculate by every group of two acquisition channel collection by broad sense cross-correlation Time Delay Estimation MethodAfter 2 groups of corresponding segment data signals between time difference estimated sequence, thereby obtaining multiple time differences estimatesSequence.
Here the broad sense cross-correlation Time Delay Estimation Method that used belongs to known method. Calculating time difference informationBasic skills is cross-correlation Time Delay Estimation Method, can be referring to of " radio position finding radio directional bearing theory and technology "184 pages to 185 pages, National Defense Industry Press, publishes for 2011, the work such as Tian Xiaohua. Utilize this mutualRelevant Time Delay Estimation Method is estimated carrying out a cross-correlation time delay between every two groups of data, can be obtained oneCross-correlation function, this function is exactly a time difference estimated sequence, and the maximum in this sequence is just correspondingIt is the estimated value of time difference information.
Broad sense cross-correlation Time Delay Estimation Method is exactly to improve on the basis of this cross-correlation Time Delay Estimation MethodObtain, also have and much deliver or publish about the treatise of broad sense cross-correlation Time Delay Estimation Method at present,Belong to known technology.
For instance, in the 4th step, every group of digital signal data has been divided into by equal acquisition time10000 segment datas, here to the 2 set of segmentation data via every group of two acquisition channels, this 2 set of segmentationWhat data were corresponding is respectively the segment data from two acquisition channels, and every group has 10000 segment datas,Estimate with the time difference that broad sense cross-correlation Time Delay Estimation Method is calculated between these 2 groups of corresponding segment data signalsMeter sequence, can correspondingly obtain 10000 time difference estimated sequences.
For small-signal aperiodic, its signal to noise ratio is lower, even occurs that useful signal is by completeBe submerged in the phenomenon in ambient noise, so just cannot obtain time difference estimated result accurately, such as by2 groups of data in Fig. 3 obtain the time difference estimated sequence of Fig. 4, as can be seen from Figure 4, cannot obtainObtain time difference estimated result accurately. Need to be further processed this time difference estimated sequence.
The 6th step: described multiple time difference estimated sequences are accumulated and process and extract time difference information estimationValue.
As mentioned above, for the lower signal of signal to noise ratio, extract from each time difference estimated sequenceTime difference information value may be all incorrect, but owing to being that every piece of digital signal data to 2 groups calculatesTime difference estimated sequence, thus multiple time difference estimated sequences obtained, the plurality of time difference estimated sequence is enteredRow accumulation is processed, and specifically, is averaging processing after adding up again, and first cumulative multiple time differences are estimatedSequence is again divided by cumulative number of times. Proceed explanation with object lesson above, owing to having obtained10000 time difference estimated sequences, average after these 10000 time difference estimated sequences are added up,Finally obtain 1 time difference estimated sequence after cumulative mean. From this final time difference estimated sequence, carryThe maximum of getting is as time difference information estimated value. Fig. 5 is carrying out 5000 to time difference estimated sequence exactlyThe Output rusults of inferior accumulation processing, the time difference information estimated value as can be seen from Figure 5 extracting obtainsSignificantly show especially. As can be seen here, the accumulation that this step is carried out is processed and has effectively been improved low signal-to-noise ratio barThe precision of the time difference information estimated value of small-signal under part.
The 7th step: in conjunction with the position of 3 time difference information estimated results of gained and described 4 harvestersPut coordinate, calculate the 3 d space coordinate of weak signal according to TOA difference locating principle, it is right to realizeIts Detection location.
Here the TOA difference locating principle mentioned is a kind of principles well-known, can be referring to for example textbook " skyBetween electronic reconnaissance positioning principle ", National Defense Industry Press, publishes for 2012, Guo Fucheng etc. work, it is the years oldTo 198 pages, multi-platform TOA difference locating principle is described for 191 pages. Therefore say, according to TOA difference locating principle meterThe 3 d space coordinate that calculation obtains weak signal realize to its Detection location be one ripe,Known localization method, just repeats no more here. Described 3 time difference information estimated results are because to 3The time difference estimated sequence of the two acquisition channels of group accumulates respectively the result of processing and extracting.
Although the present invention is described with instantiation, described embodiment only for convenience of explanationAnd give an example, not in order to limit the present invention, those skilled in the art do not depart from the present invention's spirit andUnder the prerequisite of scope, make the various amendments of carrying out and replace and be all encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. for surveying an accumulation detection method for weak signal aperiodic, it comprises:
The first step: utilize 4 harvesters with same structure to set up faint for gathering aperiodic4 identical acquisition channels of signal, one of them acquisition channel is used as with reference to acquisition channel, itsIts 3 acquisition channel is combined into two acquisition channels with this with reference to acquisition channel respectively, thereby forms 3 groupsTwo acquisition channels;
Second step: utilize described 4 identical acquisition channels simultaneously to gather within a certain period of time multiple non-Cycle small-signal, gather within this time taking each acquisition channel multiple aperiodic small-signal asOne group, thus gather altogether 4 groups aperiodic small-signal, and by this 4 groups aperiodic small-signal respectivelyBe converted to the signal of telecommunication;
The 3rd step: convert to 4 groups of signals of telecommunication are carried out respectively to filtering, amplification and analog-to-digital conversion process,Form 4 groups of data signals;
The 4th step: the duration modes such as every group of data signal employing after treatment are carried out to segmentation and storage;
The 5th step: taking by the described data signal obtaining with reference to acquisition channel acquisition and processing as referenceSignal, calculates by every group in 3 groups of two acquisition channels two by broad sense cross-correlation Time Delay Estimation MethodTime difference estimated sequence between the data signal of 2 groups of corresponding segment storages that acquisition channel obtains, therebyObtain multiple time difference estimated sequences;
The 6th step: respectively described multiple time difference estimated sequences of every group of two acquisition channels carry out accumulation placeManage and therefrom extract a maximum as time difference information estimated value, by described 3 groups of two acquisition channelsObtain altogether 3 time difference information estimated values;
The 7th step: in conjunction with 3 time difference information estimated values of gained and the position of described 4 harvestersCoordinate, calculates the 3 d space coordinate of weak signal aperiodic according to TOA difference locating principle, realThe now Detection location to it.
2. accumulation detection method according to claim 1, wherein said harvester is to receive skyLine or sound pressure sensor.
3. accumulation detection method according to claim 1, the wherein said signal of telecommunication is voltage signal.
4. accumulation detection method according to claim 1, wherein said filtering processing is to adopt bandBandpass filter carries out bandpass filtering.
5. accumulation detection method according to claim 1 is wherein in the 4th step, described certainTime is 1 second.
6. accumulation detection method according to claim 1, wherein in the 6th step, described accumulationProcessing is exactly first multiple time difference estimated sequences to be added up, and then is averaging processing, finally obtains 1Time difference estimated sequence after individual cumulative mean.
7. accumulation detection method according to claim 1, wherein in the 6th step, described extractionTime difference information estimated value is exactly to extract maximum in the time difference estimated sequence from obtaining after accumulation is processed.
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| US8335283B1 (en) * | 2008-11-11 | 2012-12-18 | Qualcomm Atheros, Inc. | Weak signal detection in wireless communication systems |
| CN103616719A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-03-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Microseism acquisition device and method with noise identification and self-adaptive amplification functions |
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| US8335283B1 (en) * | 2008-11-11 | 2012-12-18 | Qualcomm Atheros, Inc. | Weak signal detection in wireless communication systems |
| CN103616719A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-03-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Microseism acquisition device and method with noise identification and self-adaptive amplification functions |
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| 微弱信号检测的原理及其实现;聂绍龙等;《电测与仪表》;20021225;第39卷(第12期);9-12 * |
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