CN104143090B - A kind of automobile door opening method based on recognition of face - Google Patents

A kind of automobile door opening method based on recognition of face Download PDF

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CN104143090B
CN104143090B CN201410370100.3A CN201410370100A CN104143090B CN 104143090 B CN104143090 B CN 104143090B CN 201410370100 A CN201410370100 A CN 201410370100A CN 104143090 B CN104143090 B CN 104143090B
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潘正祥
冯庆祥
蔡正富
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Airmate Electrical Shenzhen Co Ltd
Shenzhen Graduate School Harbin Institute of Technology
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Airmate Electrical Shenzhen Co Ltd
Shenzhen Graduate School Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

The present invention relates to automotive field, more particularly to a kind of automobile door opening method based on recognition of face.The present invention provides a kind of automobile door opening method based on recognition of face, comprises the following steps：1st, image or video flowing containing face are gathered using mobile phone camera, face information is then passed to face processing and identifier, face processing and identifier pre-process to face；2nd, face is classified using sparse feature centre of sphere grader；3rd, facial image is matched and identified according to classification results.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows having used sparse feature centre of sphere grader to carry out differentiation certification to face information, car owner only needs to realize automobile door opening, the automobile and other people can not open the door face close to mobile phone camera and by certification can.

Description

A kind of automobile door opening method based on recognition of face
Technical field
The present invention relates to automotive field, more particularly to a kind of automobile door opening method based on recognition of face.
Background technology
Automobile door opening system is a subsystem among current onboard system, its main function be used for it is antitheft and conveniently Car owner.
Automobile door opening mode main at present mainly has two kinds：One kind is automobile key, and another kind is Intelligent key.This two Kind of door-opening mode, often can be because of leaving behind key, or loses key and allow driver to have a headache very much.
Grader occupies critically important position in onboard system PRS.Nearest neighbor classifier (NN) and recently Center grader (NM) is two more famous graders.As the extension of nearest neighbor classifier, nearest characteristic face grader (NFP) it is suggested.It can be represented because belonging to the sample of a specific target class by the linear subspaces of this class, based on upper The thought in face, linear regression grader (LRC) are suggested.Linear regression grader can be regarded as prolonging for nearest center grader Stretch.After linear regression grader is suggested, some improved methods are suggested, including based on kernel-LRC, LDA-LRC, PCA-LRC etc..
Different from linear regression grader, the grader (SRC) based on rarefaction representation employs the model of all classes to surveying Sample is originally classified.After the proposition of SRC graders, some other improved methods is suggested, as two benches test sample is dilute Dredge and represent (TPTSSR), the grader (CRC) represented based on cooperation, regular error robust coding grader (RRC) and loosen cooperation Presentation class device (RCR).
In fact, the L2 coefficients that linear regression grader can be considered as on space-like represent.Coefficient represents grader It is by carrying out solving L1-norm minimization problems to the model of all classes, then according to test sample and each class subspace The distance between predicted vector is classified to test sample.But the distance between test sample and predicted vector may not It is a method weighed well.So grader and nearest characteristic face grader are represented based on coefficient, it is proposed that sparse Feature centre of sphere grader (SFSC) grader.
The content of the invention
For defect present in prior art or deficiency, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are：A kind of base is provided In the automobile door opening method of recognition of face, this method can be realized in the situation (or other certification articles) without key The enabling of automobile, driver is thoroughly broken away from will be with the worry of many articles, and the extension for also improving nearest feature line is not smart True and computation complexity problem.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes comprises the following steps to provide a kind of automobile door opening method based on recognition of face
Step 1：Image or video flowing containing face are gathered using mobile phone camera, then face information transmission is given people Face processing and identifier, face processing and identifier pre-process to face；
Step 2：Face is classified using sparse feature centre of sphere grader；
Step 21；Assuming that each class at least three samples, propose a new distance metric, the feature centre of sphere is made to measure, Feature centre of sphere measurement refers to test sample and the feature centre of sphereBetween Euclidean distance, it can be calculated as
In formulaIt is tetrahedronInscribed sphere the centre of sphere, the feature centre of sphereIt can be calculated as
In formulaWithRefer to triangle respectivelyWithArea；
Step 22：The coefficient weights of each class are calculated, coefficient represents that the model X that grader constructs all classes owns for accumulation The q- dimensional vectors of class, it can be expressed as
Then we are standardized the model X of all classes, so as to produce a unit vector；Assuming that test vector is X, we can solve L1-norm minimization problems and are：
G=argming||g||1Subject to Xg=x (4)
After we obtain sparse coefficient vector using formula (3) and (4), we will calculate the sparse system of each class Number and ScFor
Because Sc1 is less than, and it may be negative, so we are ScPositive number is changed to, so as to be used as c classes Sparse weights, it can be calculated as
wc=1-sc (6)
Using the sparse weights of each class, sparse features centre of sphere grader will calculate test sample x to three training sampleWithSparse weighting the feature centre of sphere measurement, it can be calculated as
After we obtain the feature centre of sphere measurement of all sparse weightings, these distances are carried out ascending order and arranged by we Sequence, and each distance is corresponding with a class label, and last sparse features centre of sphere grader, which will assign to test sample, to be possessed In the class of minimum range, it can be represented as
Step 3：Facial image is matched and identified according to classification results.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The mobile phone carried with using car owner, it becomes possible to open the door, make driver thoroughly break away from To be saved with the worry of many articles, because everyone face information is different, car owner only needs face to lean on Nearly mobile phone camera and automobile door opening is realized by certification can, and other people can not open the door automobile, add automobile Security.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is automobile door opening method characteristic centre of sphere measurement schematic diagram of the present invention based on recognition of face.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described for explanation and embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Automobile door opening system of the invention based on recognition of face is the mobile phone camera by car owner, to facial image or is regarded Frequency is acquired.After perfect person's face image or video information is gathered, this new automobile door opening system can use the sparse of proposition Feature centre of sphere grader carry out to face information certification, to judge whether to be car owner in enabling automobile.
Driver is acquired using a mobile phone camera to facial image or video, then the face figure being collected Picture or delivery of video are to face processing and identifier.When face processing and identifier receive the facial image that collector piece transmits or After video, it can carry out some pretreatments to facial image or vision signal, followed by use it is proposed that sparse feature ball Heart grader carries out classification certification to it, after the system of in-car is by certification, will open car door.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention proposes a kind of automobile door opening method based on recognition of face, two steps are included： One step, sparse feature centre of sphere grader assume each class at least 3 samples, and this is similar with nearest characteristic face.Sparse Feature centre of sphere grader is measured instead of using characteristic face, proposes a new distance metric, makes the feature centre of sphere measure.The feature centre of sphere Measurement refers to test sample and the feature centre of sphereBetween Euclidean distance, it can be calculated as
WhereinIt is tetrahedronInscribed sphere the centre of sphere feature centre ofs sphereIt can be calculated as
WhereinWithRefer to triangle respectivelyWithArea；
After the first the end of the step, we start second step to calculate the coefficient weights of each class.Coefficient represents grader structure The model X for making all classes is the q- dimensional vectors for accumulating all classes, and it can be expressed as
Then we are standardized the model X of all classes, so as to produce a unit vector.Assuming that test vector is X, we can solve L1-norm minimization problems and are:
G=argming||g||1Subject to Xg=x (4)
For formula (4), it is understood that the purpose of rarefaction representation grader is to produce a preferable parameter vectorSo the class for possessing greatest coefficient sum represents most like class.Situation based on more than, We will be weighted value using sparse coefficient to feature centre of sphere measurement.When we are sparse using formula (3) and (4) After number vector obtains, we will calculate the sparse coefficient and s of each classcFor
Because Sc1 is less than, and it may be negative, so we are ScPositive number is changed to, so as to be used as c classes Sparse weights, it can be calculated as
wc=1-sc (6)
Using the sparse weights of each class, sparse features centre of sphere grader will calculate test sample x to three training sampleWithSparse weighting the feature centre of sphere measurement, it can be calculated as
After we obtain the feature centre of sphere measurement of all sparse weightings, these distances are carried out ascending order and arranged by we Sequence, and each distance is corresponding with a class label, and last sparse features centre of sphere grader, which will assign to test sample, to be possessed In the class of minimum range, it can be represented as
3rd step, facial image is matched and identified according to classification results.
Above content is to combine specific preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to is assert The specific implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, On the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, should all be considered as belonging to the present invention's Protection domain.

Claims (1)

  1. A kind of 1. automobile door opening method based on recognition of face, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps
    Step 1：Image or video flowing containing face are gathered using mobile phone camera, then face information is passed at face Reason and identifier, face processing and identifier pre-process to face；
    Step 2：Face is classified using sparse feature centre of sphere grader；
    Step 21；Assuming that each class at least three samples, propose a distance metric, the feature centre of sphere is made to measure, the feature centre of sphere Measurement refers to test sample and the feature centre of sphereBetween Euclidean distance, be calculated as
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mrow> <mi>F</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mover> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>j</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> </mrow> <mo>&amp;OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>j</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>|</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    In formulaIt is tetrahedronInscribed sphere the centre of sphere, the feature centre of sphereIt can be calculated as
    <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>j</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>s</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>j</mi> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <mo>&amp;times;</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>s</mi> <mrow> <mi>y</mi> <mi>j</mi> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <mo>&amp;times;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>s</mi> <mrow> <mi>y</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <mo>&amp;times;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>j</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>s</mi> <mrow> <mi>y</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <mo>&amp;times;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> </mrow> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>s</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>j</mi> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>s</mi> <mrow> <mi>y</mi> <mi>j</mi> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>s</mi> <mrow> <mi>y</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>s</mi> <mrow> <mi>y</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    In formulaWithRefer to triangle respectivelyWithArea, WithThree training samples are represented respectively；
    Step 22：The coefficient weights of each class are calculated, coefficient represents that the model X that grader constructs all classes is to accumulate all classes Q- dimensional vectors, the coefficient weights of each class are expressed as
    <mrow> <mi>X</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <mo>,</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mi>M</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    Then we are standardized the model X of all classes, so as to produce a unit vector；Assuming that test vector is x, solution Certainly L1-norm minimization problems are：
    G=arg ming||g||1Subject to Xg=x (4)
    After sparse coefficient vector is obtained using formula (3) and (4), the sparse coefficient and S of each class are calculatedcFor
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>s</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mi>g</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>g</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>g</mi> <mi>N</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>5</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    Sc1 is less than, and it may be negative, ScPositive number is changed to, so as to the sparse weights as c classes, ScAs The sparse weights of c classes are calculated as
    wc=1-sc (6)
    Using the sparse weights of each class, sparse features centre of sphere grader will calculate test sample x to three training sampleWithSparse weighting the feature centre of sphere measurement, test sample x to three training sampleWithIt is sparse plus The feature centre of sphere measurement of power is calculated as
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mrow> <mi>S</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mover> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>j</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> </mrow> <mo>&amp;OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>j</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>|</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mo>&amp;times;</mo> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>7</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    After the feature centre of sphere measurement for obtaining all sparse weightings, these distances carry out ascending order and are ranked up, and each distance A class label is corresponding with, last sparse features centre of sphere grader will be assigned to test sample in the class for possessing minimum range, It is represented as
    <mrow> <munder> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mo>*</mo> </mrow> </munder> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mrow> <mi>S</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mover> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>j</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msubsup> </mrow> <mo>&amp;OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mi>M</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>8</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    Step 3：Facial image is matched and identified according to classification results.
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