CN104141527B - Heat-exchange method between a kind of turbocharger stage - Google Patents
Heat-exchange method between a kind of turbocharger stage Download PDFInfo
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- CN104141527B CN104141527B CN201410314348.8A CN201410314348A CN104141527B CN 104141527 B CN104141527 B CN 104141527B CN 201410314348 A CN201410314348 A CN 201410314348A CN 104141527 B CN104141527 B CN 104141527B
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- heat
- turbocharger
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- heat exchange
- heat exchanger
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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Abstract
Heat-exchange method between a kind of turbocharger stage, is cooled down between two-stage turbocharger level using overcritical miniature scale heat exchanger the air turbocharger stage；Air passes through first order turbocharger compresses, after the air after compression is cooled down by overcritical miniature scale heat exchanger, then by second level turbocharger compresses, the air flow cylinder after compression；A kind of working medium that overcritical miniature scale heat exchanger is included in heat exchange element and two kinds of working medium, two kinds of working medium uses supercriticality fluid, and another working medium is not limited；The characteristics of present invention has heat exchange efficiency height, fast response time, in combination with miniature scale hole, the big advantage of heat exchange area per unit volume realizes miniature scale fluid interchange, finally realizes the heat exchange efficiency of superelevation, maintains relatively low weight.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat-exchange method between a kind of new turbocharger stage, it is mainly used in piston engine two-stage turbine
Booster interstage air is cooled down, so as to improve piston-engined service behaviour.
Background technology
Further increase piston-engined power, while the efficiency for improving engine is always piston-engined development
Target.And use twin turbo-charger to be the effective ways for realizing this target.But use after twin turbo-charger, one-level
The gas temperature of turbocharger outlet can be greatly improved, and be compressed so as to be unfavorable for two-stage turbocharger, it is therefore desirable to
Being cooled down turbocharger stage.Cooling means is mainly carried out using charge air cooler between conventional turbocharger stage at present
Cooling, but this type of cooling has many defects：The volume and quality of charge air cooler are larger, and heat transfer rate is slow so that overall
Cooling effect it is not good.
For aviation piston engine, because high air body is thin, in order to increase the air inflow of cylinder, typically all can
Turbocharger is used, and aero-engine has extremely harsh requirement for weight, therefore use porous micro-transfer heat
Device, so as to improve the thermal efficiency between stage of turbine, while reducing its weight again, has very important meaning for aviation piston engine
Justice.
The content of the invention
The technology of the present invention solves problem：There is provided a kind of whirlpool on the basis of heat exchange layout between original turbocharger stage
Heat-exchange method between booster level is taken turns, using new porous Micro Heat Exchanger, this method can effectively realize turbocharger
Cascade EDFA, and have the advantages that fast lightweight, response, heat exchange efficiency and heat transfer intensity are high.
Technical scheme provided by the present invention is：Heat-exchange method between a kind of turbocharger stage, as shown in Fig. 2 in two-stage
The air turbocharger stage is cooled down using overcritical miniature scale heat exchanger between turbocharger stage；In work
When, air after the air after compression is cooled down by overcritical miniature scale heat exchanger, then is passed through by first order turbocharger compresses
Second level turbocharger compresses are crossed, the air flow cylinder after compression completes to exchange heat between turbocharger stage；It is described overcritical
Miniature scale heat exchanger includes heat exchange element and two kinds of working medium, and described two working medium are exchanged heat by heat exchange element, and described two
A kind of working medium planted in working medium uses supercriticality fluid, and another working medium is not limited；The size of the heat exchange element belongs to small
Yardstick category；The supercriticality fluid refers to the pressure at least above 0.5MPa of working medium, and temperature is higher than critical-temperature at least
200 degree；The miniature scale refers to that the geometric scale of basic heat exchange unit is not more than 2 millimeters.
The geometry of the heat exchange element is circular, square or ellipse.
The heat exchanger is the combination of single or multiple heat exchange elements.
One or several kinds of combinations in the combining form of the combination we selected typical of the multiple heat exchange element are formed into, also may be used
From atypical geometry form；Or the geometry form of we selected typical and atypical integrated structure form it is mutually excellent
Change combination to be formed；The typical combining form includes helical structure and corrugated board structures.
The material of the heat exchange element is high temperature alloy.
As needed, enhanced heat exchange coating or surface modification treatment are used with enhanced heat exchange in the heat exchanger surface.
The enhanced heat exchange coating is the coating for including gold；The surface modification treatment uses chemical gaseous phase depositing process.
The cooling working medium uses liquid or gas working medium, but cooling working medium should be sealed, to ensure that it is clean, Bu Huizao
Into the blocking of minute yardstick aperture.
Advantage is the present invention compared with prior art：
(1) on the basis of the present invention is cooled down between traditional turbocharger stage, exchanged heat using Novel supercritical miniature scale
Miniature scale fluid interchange is realized using porous miniature scale geometry in device, heat exchanger, so that heat exchange area increases, heat exchange
Efficiency is improved, while keeping low weight；The small light weight of heat exchanger structure compact volume, has saved the device space, while also subtracting
The weight of light heat exchanger, weight is generally only the 10%-20% of traditional heat exchangers.
(2) present invention uses overcritical miniature scale heat exchanger, reduces the operating temperature of second level turbocharger, enters
And requirement of the compressor to material, process aspect is reduced, working life is extended, safety and stability is enhanced.
(3) present invention uses overcritical miniature scale heat exchanger, and the inlet flow rate of cylinder can be improved to greatest extent, so that
The power of engine is improved to greatest extent.
(4) present invention uses overcritical miniature scale heat exchanger, and second level turbine inlet can be reduced to greatest extent
Temperature, so that second level turbocharger is more prone to work, so as to improve the efficiency of engine.
Brief description of the drawings
Exchange heat schematic diagram between Fig. 1 original twin turbo-charger levels；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that exchanged heat between twin turbo-charger of the present invention level；
Fig. 3 is the specific geometry schematic diagram of present invention heat exchanger heat exchange element；Wherein a is square geometry signal
Figure, b is oval geometry schematic diagram, and c is circle geometry schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the specific combining form schematic diagram of heat exchanger heat exchange element corrugated board structures；
Fig. 5 is the specific combining form schematic diagram of heat exchanger heat exchange element helical structure；
Fig. 6 is the heat exchanger structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1, and A is the positive schematic diagram of heat exchanger, and B is partial enlargement
Figure.
Embodiment
The present invention can be used for the piston engine of all multistep turbochargers.The following implementations of the present invention are with double at certain
Carried out on the aviation piston engine of level turbocharger, changing charge air cooler into overcritical miniature scale in original stream changes
Hot device, other conditions are constant.
The aviation piston engine is before using porous Micro Heat Exchanger, and the heat exchange schematic diagram of turbocharger is as schemed
Shown in 1, using after overcritical miniature scale heat exchanger, heat exchange schematic diagram such as Fig. 2 of turbocharger of the invention.Normal
Under condition of work, 128 kilometers of the piston engine cruising speed, flying height is 8 hours 19810 meters of cruising time, is flown
Row height is 24 hours 3660 meters of cruising time.According to the heat exchange mode shown in Fig. 1, in turbocharger inlet flow
During for 0.1kg/s, the temperature between turbocharger stage can decline 19.5K；And changed when using the overcritical miniature scale shown in Fig. 2
Hot device, cooling working medium for cleaning water when, the interstage temperature of turbocharger can decline 37K, and whole turbocharger
Quality has also declined.
The principle of the present invention：The physicochemical properties of supercriticality fluid have the advantage of gaseous state and liquid concurrently, its viscosity
Coefficient and diffusion coefficient are close to gaseous state, and flow losses are small；And heat transfer coefficient and density etc. is close to liquid, thermal capacitance is big, exchange capability of heat
By force.So heat exchange is carried out with supercriticality medium can obtain the heat transfer effect that flow losses are low, heat exchange amount is big.Using overcritical
State flow makes that heat-exchange working medium thermal capacitance is big, heat exchange efficiency is high as working medium；Fast response time, can quickly tackle temperature change；
Miniature scale fluid interchange is realized using miniature scale geometry in heat exchanger, so that heat exchange area increases, while keeping low
Weight；The small light weight of heat exchanger structure compact volume, weight is generally only the 10%-20% of traditional heat exchangers；Heat exchanger can
, being capable of reliably working at high temperature and pressure to use high-temperature alloy material；As needed, can be in heat exchanger surface using reinforcing
Exchange heat coating or surface modification treatment, enhanced heat exchange；The specific constructive form of heat exchanger is determined by actual conditions.
Supercriticality fluid, its feature is：Thermal capacitance is larger；It is easily accessible supercriticality；Chemical composition stability；Environmental protection
It is pollution-free；Security is good, and nontoxicity is without danger；Wide material sources are readily available.The supercriticality fluid includes but not office
It is limited to nitrogen, helium, water, carbon dioxide etc..
As shown in figure 3, the geometry of heat exchange element can be square (shown in a in Fig. 3), the ellipse (b in Fig. 3
It is shown), circular (shown in the c in Fig. 3) etc. it is variously-shaped, its concrete shape and size are determined by pressure, temperature for working etc., example
As needed to keep intensity using circular configuration when operating pressure is very high, square structure section can be used when operating pressure is relatively low
Save space.
Heat exchanger can be the combination of single or multiple heat exchange elements, and combining form can be various, can select typical case
Combining form in one or several kinds of combinations formed, if corrugated board structures (as shown in Figure 4), helical structure are (such as Fig. 5 institutes
Show) etc., 1 is main flow inlet in figure, and 2 be main flow outlet, and 3 be overcritical working medium entrances, and 4 be overcritical sender property outlet, also optional
With atypical geometry form；Or the geometry form of we selected typical mutually optimizes with atypical integrated structure form
Combination is formed.It can be calculated by the design to concrete condition and optimization draws optimum structure form.
Heat exchange element, material can use but be not limited to high temperature alloy, and such as GH4169, specific material trademark can be by reality
Situation is determined.
As needed, enhanced heat exchange coating or surface modification treatment can be used in heat exchanger surface with enhanced heat exchange, for example
Include the coating of gold, chemical vapor deposition etc..
Embodiment 1：
Between the turbocharger stage that overcritical Micro Heat Exchanger is used for certain type aviation piston engine, so as to realize pair
The cooling of primary air.The shape of heat exchanger is as shown in fig. 6, the A in Fig. 6 is the positive schematic diagram of heat exchanger, and the B in Fig. 6 is office
Portion's enlarged drawing.1 is main flow inlet in figure, and 2 be main flow outlet, and 3 be overcritical working medium entrances, and 4 be overcritical sender property outlet, and 5 are
Heat exchange unit, wherein main flow are air, and overcritical working medium is nitrogen.A kind of working medium of the heat exchanger is air, and flow is 0.1kg/
S, the primary air temperature drop 37K after heat exchanger.Heat exchanger inlet air pressure is 65000Pa, and temperature is 306K, it is known that
Its physical parameter is：Density 0.74kg/m3, specific heat capacity 1006.3J/ (kg*K), dynamic viscosity 1.9E-5, thermal conductivity factor 0.026.
Heat exchanger uses helium as another working medium, and the critical pressure of helium is 0.23MPa, and critical-temperature is the helium in 5.2K, heat exchanger
Pressure is 14MPa, and temperature is 250K, learns that its physical parameter is：Density 39kg/m3, specific heat capacity 5239J/ (kg*K), power glue
Degree 1.4E-5, thermal conductivity factor 0.11, it is 0.07kg/s to calculate required helium flow amount by heat exchange amount, and temperature rise is 10K, using small chi
Spend heat exchange unit, it is contemplated that the pressure of working medium is higher, uses miniature scale channel form for circular capillaries, supercritical helium is in tubule
Interior flowing, the geometric scale of basic heat exchange unit is that tubule external diameter is 1mm, wall thickness 0.1mm.Heat exchanger is multiple heat exchange elements
Combination, the helical structure in combination we selected typical combining form, supercritical helium along spiral shape pipe by inner ring flow into from
Outer shroud flow out, air along heat exchanger axially through.Consider the application environment of heat exchanger, its complement outside diameter is taken as 0.4m, and internal diameter is
0.2m, material is GH4169 alloy, and for enhancing heat exchange, heat exchanger outer surface is used containing golden enhanced heat exchange coating.If no
Cooled down using Micro Heat Exchanger using conventional charge air cooler, then in primary air flow be 0.1kg/s, bosher
When mass flow amount is 0.07kg/s, the temperature of primary air can only decline 19.5K.
Non-elaborated part of the present invention belongs to techniques well known.
For one of ordinary skill in the art, it is also possible to make other with reference to embodiment described above
Embodiment.Foregoing embodiments are all exemplary rather than limitation.All rights in the present invention will
The modification within the essence of technical scheme is asked to belong to its scope claimed.
Claims (8)
1. heat-exchange method between a kind of turbocharger stage, it is characterised in that：Using overcritical micro- between two-stage turbocharger level
Small yardstick heat exchanger is cooled down the air turbocharger stage；Operationally, air passes through first order turbocharger
Compression, after the air after compression is cooled down by overcritical miniature scale heat exchanger, then by second level turbocharger compresses, compression
Air flow cylinder afterwards, completes to exchange heat between turbocharger stage；The overcritical miniature scale heat exchanger includes heat exchange element
With two kinds of working medium, described two working medium are exchanged heat by heat exchange element, and a kind of working medium in described two working medium is faced using super
Boundary's state flow, another working medium is not limited；The heat exchange element is made up of basic heat exchange unit；The supercriticality fluid is
The pressure for referring to working medium is at least above 0.5MPa, and temperature is higher than at least 200 degree of critical-temperature；The miniature scale refers to substantially
The external diameter of heat exchange unit cross section is not more than 2 millimeters.
2. heat-exchange method between turbocharger stage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The geometry of the heat exchange element
Structure is circular, square or ellipse.
3. heat-exchange method between turbocharger stage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The heat exchanger be it is single or
The combination of multiple heat exchange elements.
4. heat-exchange method between turbocharger stage according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The multiple heat exchange element
The one or several kinds of combinations combined in the combining form of we selected typical are formed, and the typical combining form includes helical structure
And corrugated board structures.
5. heat-exchange method between turbocharger stage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The material of described heat exchange element
Expect for high temperature alloy.
6. heat-exchange method between turbocharger stage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Adopted in the heat exchanger surface
With enhanced heat exchange coating or surface modification treatment with enhanced heat exchange.
7. heat-exchange method between turbocharger stage according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The enhanced heat exchange coating is
Include the coating of gold；The surface modification treatment uses chemical gaseous phase depositing process.
8. heat-exchange method between turbocharger stage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described in two turbocharging
When being cooled down between device level using overcritical miniature scale heat exchanger the air turbocharger stage, entered using cooling working medium
Row cooling, the cooling working medium uses liquid or gas working medium, but cooling working medium should be sealed, to ensure that it is clean, Bu Huizao
Into the blocking of minute yardstick aperture.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410314348.8A CN104141527B (en) | 2014-07-02 | 2014-07-02 | Heat-exchange method between a kind of turbocharger stage |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410314348.8A CN104141527B (en) | 2014-07-02 | 2014-07-02 | Heat-exchange method between a kind of turbocharger stage |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104141527A CN104141527A (en) | 2014-11-12 |
| CN104141527B true CN104141527B (en) | 2017-07-21 |
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Inventor after: Liu Huoxing Inventor after: Li Peng Inventor after: Chen Maozhang Inventor after: Zou Zhengping Inventor before: Liu Huoxing Inventor before: Chen Maozhang Inventor before: Zou Zhengping Inventor before: Li Peng |