A kind of chemical emission treating apparatus and treatment process
Technical field
The present invention relates to purification of chemical waste gas and remove field, relating in particular to a kind of chemical emission treating apparatus and utilize this device to process the technique of chemical emission.
Background technology
Chemical engineering industry is the mainstay industry of Chinese national economy, but the waste gas producing in Chemical Manufacture often contains multiple pollutant, the common physics and chemistry character of these pollutants is comparatively complicated, and environment is easily caused to very big pollution, also affects the health of human body simultaneously.For this reason, China has put into effect strict regulation and specification, to control the discharge of chemical emission.For example GB16297-1996 " discharge standard of air pollutants ", this standard has been done the restriction of discharge value to 33 kinds of emissions.
In prior art, the method for processing chemical emission has multiple, generally comprises absorption method, Production by Catalytic Combustion Process, absorption process and ultraviolet light solution etc.Wherein, Production by Catalytic Combustion Process is under the effect of catalyst, makes hydrocarbon in organic exhaust gas under the lower condition of temperature, be oxidized to rapidly the process of water and carbon dioxide, and the method can be applicable to the removal of the organic pollution in chemical emission.
Granted publication number is that the patent of CN102072495B discloses a kind of catalytic combustion device for organic waste gases, comprise the exhaust gas entrance for inputting waste gas, for exporting the pure qi (oxygen) mouth of pure qi (oxygen), for waste gas being carried out to the arrangement for catalytic purification of catalytic combustion, thermal starting wind circulation pipe and electrical control gear, exhaust gas entrance is connected by the first pipeline with arrangement for catalytic purification, pure qi (oxygen) outlet is connected by the second pipeline with arrangement for catalytic purification, the two ends of thermal starting wind circulation pipe are respectively at the first pipeline, the second pipeline is connected, the second pipeline is connected with blower fan, the first pipeline, arrangement for catalytic purification, the second pipeline, thermal starting wind circulation pipe and blower fan form peripheral passage.This invention has that automatic control level is high, waste heat utilizability can be stablized, little lightweight, easy and simple to handle, the advantage such as clean-up effect is good of safe and reliable, volume.
But because the constituent in chemical emission is conventionally comparatively complicated, the catalytic combustion method only adopting by this device cannot thoroughly remove all contaminants in chemical emission.
Publication number is the device that the patent of CN103759275A discloses a kind of plasma fortified multi-hole medium combustion processing organic exhaust gas, comprise filter for removing organic exhaust gas particle, for heating power oxidation and plasma oxidation realizing the reactor of organic exhaust gas degraded, for providing the high voltage source of plasma and for reactor being carried out to flow and temperature controlled controller, filter is connected with reactor, and reactor is connected with controller and high voltage source respectively.By accumulation of heat effect and the plasma free-radical oxidation effect Synergistic degradation organic exhaust gas of porous media material, improve the degradation efficiency of organic exhaust gas, simultaneously according to organic exhaust gas concentration, regulate the input energy of plasma, in ensureing organic exhaust gas decomposition efficiency, effectively reduced input energy consumption.It is applied widely that this device has organic exhaust gas concentration, input energy is low, treatment effect is high, system controllability and measurability advantages of higher, but this invention is combined porous media material with plasma, do not cause device quick detachable and change, and the organic matter that only can degrade in waste gas of this device, for the inorganic matter poor effect in waste gas.
In addition, because Chemical Manufacture district safety requirements is high, conventionally need forbid burning things which may cause a fire disaster, but have combustion reactor in chemical emission treating apparatus, often easily cause the situations such as detonation, and affect Chemical Manufacture district, therefore easily there is potential safety hazard in Chemical Manufacture district.Therefore, how can both improve chemical emission removal effect, the high security of assurance device again, is that we are badly in need of solving a major issue.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide effective, the safe chemical emission treating apparatus of a kind of exhaust-gas treatment, and utilize this device to process the technique of chemical emission.
A kind of chemical emission treating apparatus, comprises the anti-explosion container, gas mixer, plasma reactor and the catalytic combustion reactor that connect successively;
Described anti-explosion container comprises the appearance body that is filled with water, stretches into and hold the air inlet pipe of body fluid face and be located at the escape pipe that holds body top;
Described catalytic combustion reactor is made up of with the back segment of loading porous media the leading portion of loading CO catalyst.
The present invention is installed anti-explosion container additional in gas mixer upstream, not only can effectively block the flame that strile-backs that plasma reactor or catalytic combustion reactor produce in course of reaction by the water filling in anti-explosion container, the flame of avoiding strile-bacing enters the Chemical Manufacture district of apparatus of the present invention upstream by installing pipes; The air that can also prevent from passing into gas mixer enters the Chemical Manufacture district of apparatus of the present invention upstream by gas mixer upstream line.In addition, chemical emission passes into after anti-explosion container, and the part water-soluble organic pollutant in the water dissolvable chemical emission in anti-explosion container, removes this pollutant in advance, contributes to improve the chemical emission treatment effect of whole device.
If do not adopt above-mentioned anti-explosion container in chemical emission device, and in the waste gas in access to plant, inflammable constituent content is higher, waste gas may also have part to remain inflammable constituent after plasma reactor, the remaining inflammable constituent of this part still may be burnt in catalytic combustion reactor, thereby light CO gas, make CO gas that violent combustion reaction occur, instead of slow gentle catalyst combustion reaction, finally cause gas to strile-back; In addition, because each reactor and loine pressure temperature sharply raise, easily cause flame to strile-back to the Chemical Manufacture district of upstream, and then cause security incident.So, before gas mixer, install anti-explosion container additional, can stop naked light and strile-back to the Chemical Manufacture district of upstream, and explosion proof door on anti-explosion container also can ensure that reactor and pipeline inner pressure are in controlled range, the generation of prevent exploding accident.
Under the effect of extra electric field, a large amount of associations of plasma reactor discharge generation can bombard the contaminant molecule in waste gas by electrons, make contaminant molecule ionization, dissociate and excite, and cause a series of physics, chemical reaction, make most low ignition point organic pollution in waste gas become CO
2and H
2o; Chemical emission, by after plasma reactor, can enter the leading portion of the catalytic combustion reactor of loading CO catalyst, and in this region, the CO gas in chemical emission generates CO through the catalysis of CO catalyst
2; Enter the back segment of catalytic combustion reactor by the gas after catalytic combustion reactor leading portion, can remove high burning-point short chain organic pollution in gas and at the not CO gas of complete reaction of catalytic combustion reactor leading portion by the high temperature burning handling in this region.
If only adopt catalytic combustion reactor in chemical emission device, in the time that waste gas enters catalytic combustion reactor, the heat that in reactor, catalytic combustion produces can make low ignition point in VOC become divided combustion, and then light other gas, cause reactor temperature and pressure sharply to raise, strile-back and even explode, not only can not remove this type of waste gas, also easily have potential safety hazard.Increase plasma reactor at catalytic combustion reactor leading portion and can remove in advance the VOC in waste gas, make this compounds be converted into CO
2and H
2o, that avoids that this compounds causes in catalytic combustion reactor strile-backs.
Described anti-explosion container holds body top and gas mixer top is equipped with explosion proof door, and described plasma reactor and catalytic combustion reactor upstream are equipped with back-fire relief plug.The security that can improve device by the setting of explosion proof door and back-fire relief plug.
Described gas mixer upstream is provided with the unidirectional gas conducting valve that prevents air return.Unidirectional gas conducting valve can prevent the air return in gas mixer, avoids the Chemical Manufacture district of air access to plant upstream.
As preferably, described CO catalyst is Pt catalyst, and infusion process is carried on porous media.
As preferably, described porous media is ceramic honey comb.Further, the porosity of described ceramic honey comb is 0.6-0.8.
Described catalytic combustion reactor downstream is connected with the air-introduced machine communicating with chimney.The use of air-introduced machine can overcome the vapour lock existing in device, ensures to enter smoothly in exhaust chimney through apparatus of the present invention gas after treatment.
Utilize described chemical emission treating apparatus to process a technique for chemical emission, comprise the steps:
(1) chemical emission is passed in the water in anti-explosion container, waste gas, after water filtration, enters in gas mixer and mixes with air;
(2) mixed gas enters in the plasma reactor that input voltage is 10~20KV and degrades;
(3) gas after degraded passes into the leading portion of catalytic combustion reactor again, under the catalysis of the temperature of 250~300 DEG C and CO catalyst, oxidation reaction occurs;
(4) gas after oxidation reaction enters the back segment of catalytic combustion reactor, at 300~500 DEG C of temperature, burns, and finally discharges the gas after burning.
As preferably, the air mass flow that passes into gas mixer is 30~5000 Nm
3/ h.
Compared with prior art, the useful technique effect that the present invention brings is as follows:
(1) mode that using plasma reactor of the present invention combines with catalytic combustion reactor, a large amount of associations by plasma reactor discharge generation can bombard the contaminant molecule in waste gas by electronics, make most low ignition point organic pollution in waste gas become CO
2and H
2o, then the leading portion of catalytic combustion reactor by loading CO catalyst makes the CO gas oxidation in waste gas produce CO
2, finally pass through the back segment of the catalytic combustion reactor of loading porous media by high burning-point short chain organic pollution in waste gas and in the not CO gas removal of complete reaction of catalytic combustion reactor leading portion, thereby improved the exhaust-gas treatment effect of whole device.
(2) the present invention arranges anti-explosion container in the upstream of gas mixer, not only can prevent the flame that strile-backs producing in the backflow of air and ion reactor or catalytic combustion reactor reaction, improve the security of device, can also, by water-soluble organic pollutant in the water-soluble solution waste gas in anti-explosion container, improve the exhaust-gas treatment effect of device.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of chemical emission treating apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the internal structure schematic diagram of catalytic combustion reactor in chemical emission treating apparatus shown in Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, chemical emission treating apparatus of the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of chemical emission treating apparatus, comprises the anti-explosion container 1, gas mixer 7, plasma reactor 12 and the catalytic combustion reactor 13 that connect successively.Anti-explosion container 1 comprises the appearance body 2 that is filled with water, stretches into and hold the air inlet pipe 3 of body fluid face and be located at the escape pipe 4 that holds body top.The distance of air inlet pipe 3 mouths of pipe and the water surface need be not less than 100 mm, and escape pipe 4 mouths of pipe need be greater than 50 mm higher than the height of the water surface.The air inlet pipe 3 of anti-explosion container 1 stretches into the appearance body water surface can be by soluble in water the part water-soluble organic pollutant in waste gas.Anti-explosion container 1 is placed in whole device foremost, i.e. the effect of isolated burning things which may cause a fire disaster can be played in the upstream of gas mixer 7, ensures the safety in this device and Chemical Manufacture district, upstream.Anti-explosion container 1 is provided with can be by the automatic water supplement water source of electrically operated valve control, timing automatic moisturizing, draining, and refill flow is greater than drain discharge, and the water of discharging from anti-explosion container 1 can enter cesspool.Appearance body 2 tops of anti-explosion container 1 are also provided with explosion proof door 5.
The top of gas mixer 7 is provided with explosion proof door, and its bottom is communicated with the air intake duct 8 with air electromagnetic valve 9, and air enters in gas mixer 7 by air intake duct 8, and mixes with the waste gas that enters gas mixer 7 through anti-explosion container 1.The air passing into adopts station-service compressed air or separately puts pressure fan.Gas flowmeter 10 is also installed on air intake duct 8, can Real-Time Monitoring passes into the flow velocity of air.Gas mixer 7 upstreams and anti-explosion container 1 junction are also provided with the unidirectional gas conducting valve 6 that prevents air return.Plasma reactor 12 upstreams and gas mixer 7 connecting places are provided with back-fire relief plug 11.Plasma reactor 12 adopts pulse corona plasma reaction device.
As shown in Figure 1, catalytic combustion reactor 13 forms by loading the leading portion 14 of CO catalyst and the back segment 15 of filling porous media and electric furnace 17 and thermal control original paper.Catalytic combustion reactor 13 is made up of 304 more than wall thickness 6 mm stainless steel tubes, and the leading portion 14 of catalytic combustion reactor 13 and back segment 15 are wrapped in respectively in supporting electric furnace 17, have thermometer hole in stove, are inserted with thermocouple 18 on thermometer hole.Leading portion 14 and the back segment 15 of catalytic combustion reactor 13 are connected on whole device by flange, are convenient to dismounting, safeguard and recycling.In specific implementation process, can increase and decrease voluntarily according to contaminants in gas content after catalyst combustion reaction the hop count of catalytic combustion reactor.The type of the CO catalyst in catalytic combustion reactor 13 is Pt catalyst, and porous media is ceramic honey comb, and is carried on porous media by infusion process.Be provided with reducing at catalytic combustion reactor 13 pipe ends of loading porous media, can catalytic combustion reactor be carried out to vertical placement or horizontal placement according to site space situation.
As shown in Figure 1, also add air-introduced machine 16 at the end of chemical emission treating apparatus of the present invention, can overcome the vapour lock in device, ensure that gas after treatment enters exhaust chimney smoothly.Also be reserved with and detect hole at the straight length of emission-control equipment leading portion and end, be convenient to detect gas componant and checking exhaust-gas treatment effect.
The technique that chemical emission treating apparatus of the present invention is processed chemical emission is as follows:
Chemical emission enters in anti-explosion container 1 by air inlet pipe 3, waste gas is after the water filtration in anti-explosion container 1, part water-soluble organic pollutant is dissolved in the water, waste gas after filtration enters in gas mixer 7 by escape pipe 4, mixing with the air entering from air intake duct 8, enter again plasma reactor 12, under the effect of extra electric field, a large amount of associations of plasma reactor 12 discharge generation can bombard contaminant molecule in waste gas by electronics, make its ionization, dissociate and excite, and cause a series of physics, chemical reaction, make most low ignition point organic pollution in waste gas become CO
2and H
2o, chemical emission enters the leading portion 14 of the catalytic combustion reactor 13 of loading CO catalyst after by plasma reactor 12, and in this section of region, the CO gas in chemical emission is through catalysis and the O of CO catalyst
2reaction generates CO
2, enter the back segment 15 of catalytic combustion reactor 13 by the gas after catalytic combustion reactor 13 leading portions 14, by the high temperature burning handling in this region, can remove high burning-point short chain organic pollution in gas and in catalytic combustion reactor 13 leading portions 14 the CO gas of complete reaction not, the gas of finally discharging from catalytic combustion reactor 13 back segments 15 enters in exhaust chimney by air-introduced machine 16.
Application examples 1
In order to illustrate that device of the present invention can reach good chemical emission treatment effect, adopt this device to process the chemical emission of producing printing and dyeing assistant chemical plant, wherein, the CO catalyst that this device adopts is PT catalyst, porous media is ceramic honey comb, and its porosity is 0.8; In this chemical emission, cyclopentadiene, methyl cyclopentadiene and oxolane account for 4%~12% of waste gas, and carbon monoxide content is 5000 ppm, and lipid accounts for 2%, and all the other are inert gas.Discharging waste gas under normal temperature and pressure, discharge capacity is 70 Nm
3/ h.The air of access to plant adopts factory's compressed air.Setting air flow is 30Nm
3/ h, the input voltage of plasma reactor is 10 KV, and the temperature of the electric furnace of catalytic combustion reactor leading portion is 250 DEG C, and the temperature of the electric furnace of catalytic combustion reactor back segment is 300 DEG C.Install CO content in waste gas after treatment through this and be down to 5 ppm, CxHy is down to 20 mg/m
3.
Application examples 2
In order to illustrate that device of the present invention can reach good chemical emission treatment effect, adopt this device to process the chemical emission in fuel oil additive chemical plant, wherein, the CO catalyst that this device adopts is Pt catalyst, porous media is ceramic honey comb, and its porosity is 0.6; In this chemical emission, contain 3% left and right VOCs, comprising ethanol, acetone, formaldehyde and carrene, CO and CH
4respectively account for approximately 1%, all the other are air.Discharging waste gas under normal temperature and pressure, discharge capacity is 500 Nm
3/ h.The air of access to plant adopts factory's compressed air.Setting air flow is 120 Nm
3/ h, the input voltage of plasma reactor is 20 KV, and the temperature of the electric furnace of catalytic combustion reactor leading portion is 300 DEG C, and the temperature of the electric furnace of catalytic combustion reactor back segment is 500 DEG C.Install CO content in waste gas after treatment through this and be down to 30ppm, CxHy is down to 15 mg/m
3.