CN104135225A - Photovoltaic inverter and air conditioner - Google Patents

Photovoltaic inverter and air conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104135225A
CN104135225A CN201410331942.8A CN201410331942A CN104135225A CN 104135225 A CN104135225 A CN 104135225A CN 201410331942 A CN201410331942 A CN 201410331942A CN 104135225 A CN104135225 A CN 104135225A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
photovoltaic
diverter switch
converter
output
grid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201410331942.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
马鑫
卓森庆
游剑波
张嘉鑫
李发顺
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai filed Critical Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Priority to CN201410331942.8A priority Critical patent/CN104135225A/en
Publication of CN104135225A publication Critical patent/CN104135225A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2015/083782 priority patent/WO2016004896A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30Electrical components
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic inverter, comprising a basic photovoltaic inverter unit; the basic photovoltaic inverter unit comprises a photovoltaic battery assembly, a DC-DC booster, a first selector switch, a grid-connected inverter and a grid-connected filter; the photovoltaic cell assembly, the DC-DC booster, the grid-connected inverter, the grid-connected filter and the alternating current power grid are electrically connected in sequence; the first change-over switch comprises an input end and two output ends, the two output ends are respectively a first output end and a second output end, the input end of the first change-over switch is connected with the output end of the DC-DC booster, and the first output end of the first change-over switch is connected with the input end of the grid-connected inverter and used for outputting alternating current in a grid-connected mode; and the second output end of the first change-over switch is used as a direct current bus port and used for outputting direct current. The invention also relates to an air conditioner. The photovoltaic inverter and the air conditioner improve the utilization efficiency of electric energy generated by the photovoltaic cell assembly.

Description

Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and air conditioner
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic technology field, particularly relate to a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and air conditioner.
Background technology
General family expenses photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is all grid-connected output AC electricity, and for the household electrical appliance that need to carry out with the conversion of AC-DC-interchange drive motors for air-conditioning, refrigerator, washing machine etc., the direct current that photovoltaic cell sends becomes again direct current after inversion, rectification, and the utilization ratio of the electric energy that photovoltaic photovoltaic cell component produces is lower.
Summary of the invention
Present situation in view of prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and air conditioner, the electric energy that photovoltaic cell component is produced both can be used as direct current output, also can be used as alternating current and was incorporated to AC network, had improved the utilization ratio of the electric energy of photovoltaic cell component generation.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, comprises basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit;
Described basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit comprises photovoltaic cell component, DC-DC stepup transformer, the first diverter switch, combining inverter and grid-connected filter; Described photovoltaic cell component, described DC-DC stepup transformer, described combining inverter, described grid-connected filter and AC network are electrically connected to successively;
Described the first diverter switch comprises an input and two outputs, two described outputs are respectively the first output and the second output, the input of described the first diverter switch connects the output of described DC-DC stepup transformer, the first output of described the first diverter switch connects the input of described combining inverter, for grid-connected output AC electricity; The second output of described the first diverter switch is as DC bus port, for exporting direct current.
In an embodiment, described basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit also comprises capacitor therein, and described capacitor is connected between the output of described DC-DC stepup transformer and the input of described the first diverter switch, and described capacitor is for voltage stabilizing.
In an embodiment, described grid-connected filter is EMC filter therein, for the harmonic wave of combining inverter output current described in filtering.
In an embodiment, the quantity of described basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit is N therein, in parallel by the second output of described the first diverter switch between N basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; Quantity N >=2 of described basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit.
In an embodiment, described basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit also comprises communication module therein, and described communication module is for the data communication between N basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit.
In an embodiment, the described communication module of N described basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit connects by telecommunication cable therein.
In an embodiment, the quantity of described telecommunication cable is N-1 bar therein.
In an embodiment, described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter also comprises controller therein, and described controller is communicated with for controlling the input of described the first diverter switch and the first output of described the first diverter switch and/or the second output.
The invention still further relates to a kind of air conditioner, comprise the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter described in above-mentioned any one;
Also comprise the second diverter switch, compressor inversion device, power factor corrector, rectifier, EMC filter and the 3rd diverter switch; AC network is connected to compressor by described the 3rd diverter switch, described EMC filter, described rectifier, described power factor corrector and described compressor inversion device successively, and DC bus port is connected to described compressor by described the second diverter switch and compressor inversion device successively.
In an embodiment, described air conditioner also comprises the air-conditioning communication module for data communication between described air conditioner and described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter therein.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention and air conditioner, by the first diverter switch is set between DC-DC stepup transformer and combining inverter, make this photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter both can export direct current by the second output of the first diverter switch, also can be by the grid-connected output AC electricity of the first output of the first diverter switch, by controlling the operating state of the first diverter switch, realize the switching between AC-DC-interchange, meet the driving requirement of the household electrical appliance such as air-conditioning, washing machine, improved the utilization ratio of the electric energy of photovoltaic cell component generation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit one embodiment of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a plurality of basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit parallel connection of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of air conditioner one embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make technical scheme of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention and air conditioner are described in further detail.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain that the present invention is not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, as shown in Figure 1, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention comprises basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit, and basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit comprises photovoltaic cell component 1, DC-DC stepup transformer 2, capacitor 3, communication module 4, the first diverter switch 5, combining inverter 6 and grid-connected filter 7.Wherein, photovoltaic cell component 1, DC-DC stepup transformer 2, combining inverter 6, grid-connected filter 7 and AC network 8 are electrically connected to successively.Photovoltaic cell component 1, for converting solar energy into electrical energy, is exported low-voltage DC.DC-DC stepup transformer 2 is converted to high voltage direct current for the low-voltage DC that photovoltaic cell component 1 is produced, and the low-voltage DC that photovoltaic cell component is produced is increased to the high voltage that combining inverter needs.
The first diverter switch 5 is arranged between DC-DC stepup transformer 2 and combining inverter 6, and the first diverter switch 5 comprises an input and two outputs, and two outputs are respectively the first output and the second output.The input of the first diverter switch 5 connects the output of DC-DC stepup transformer 2, and the first output of the first diverter switch 5 connects the input of combining inverter 6, for grid-connected output AC electricity.Make like this high voltage direct current of DC-DC stepup transformer 2 outputs enter combining inverter 6 through the first diverter switch 5, combining inverter 6 is for being converted to alternating current by high voltage direct current, then after the filtering by grid-connected filter 7, be connected to AC network 8, the direct current of realizing photovoltaic cell component 1 generation is incorporated to AC network.
The second output of the first diverter switch 5, as DC bus port, for exporting direct current, makes the high voltage direct current of DC-DC stepup transformer 2 outputs by the first diverter switch 5 direct output of DC current like this.In actual use procedure, the second output of the first diverter switch 5 can be connected directly to the DC-AC converter of household electrical appliance or the direct current of DC-DC converter is elementary, make like this transform part of electric energy reduce, improved the utilization ratio of the electric energy of photovoltaic cell component generation.
General photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is directly by the grid-connected output AC electricity of combining inverter, then the alternating current of AC network output exports after inversion, rectification and filtering that direct current is connected to the DC-AC converter of household electrical appliance again or the direct current of DC-DC converter is elementary, cause like this transform part of electric energy more, the efficiency that photovoltaic cell produces is low.And photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention direct output of DC current after one-level DC-DC stepup transformer has only improved the utilization ratio of the electric energy that photovoltaic cell component produces.
By the first diverter switch is set between DC-DC stepup transformer and combining inverter, make this photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter both can export direct current by the second output of the first diverter switch, also can be by the grid-connected output AC electricity of the first output of the first diverter switch, by controlling the operating state of the first diverter switch, realize the switching between AC-DC-interchange, meet the driving requirement of the household electrical appliance such as air-conditioning, washing machine, improved the utilization ratio of the electric energy of photovoltaic cell component generation.
As a kind of embodiment, capacitor 3 is connected between the output of DC-DC stepup transformer 2 and the input of the first diverter switch 5, and capacitor 3 is for voltage stabilizing.The high voltage direct current of DC-DC stepup transformer 2 outputs is delivered to the input of the first diverter switch 5 after the voltage stabilizing of capacitor 3, prevented that like this voltage fluctuation from causing the damage of household electrical appliance and combining inverter, guaranteed the normal work of the power consumption equipments such as household electrical appliance and combining inverter.
More preferably, grid-connected filter 7 is EMC filter, for the harmonic wave of filtering combining inverter 6 output currents.EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility, Electro Magnetic Compatibility) refer to equipment or system in its electromagnetic environment as requested operation any equipment in its environment is not produced the ability of electromagnetic interference.Owing in the world the electric current of combining inverter input AC electrical network being had to certain requirement, therefore, need to through grid-connected filter 7, reduce the harmonic wave of combining inverter 6 output currents, make the electric current of combining inverter output meet grid-connected requirement.
As shown in Figure 2, as a kind of embodiment, the quantity of basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit is N, and the second output by the first diverter switch 5 between N basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is arranged in parallel, and between N basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, by DC bus port, is arranged in parallel.In the present embodiment, quantity N >=2 of basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit, N is integer.
When needing the bearing power of powered by direct current to increase, can the DC bus port of basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit is in parallel, the second output that is about to the first diverter switch 5 of basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit carries out parallel connection.Now, the photovoltaic cell component 1 in each basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit can be identical, also can select according to actual needs different models.
More preferably, the communication module 4 in N basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit connects by telecommunication cable, and communication module 4, for the data communication between N basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit, realizes N the collaborative work between basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit in parallel.Preferably, the quantity of telecommunication cable is N-1 bar, and N-1 bar telecommunication cable forms telecommunication cable loop and carries out the communication between each basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, and wherein N refers to the quantity of basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit.In other embodiments, between N communication module, can carry out data communication by the mode of the radio communications such as bluetooth, purple honeybee.
More preferably, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter also comprises controller, and controller is used for controlling the input of the first diverter switch 5 and the first output and/or second output of the first diverter switch 5 are communicated with.When the input of controlling the first diverter switch 5 when controller is communicated with the first output of the first switch 5, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is grid-connected output AC electricity only, does not export direct current.When the input of controlling the first diverter switch 5 when controller is communicated with the second output of the first switch 5, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is only exported direct current, does not carry out grid-connected output.When the input of controlling the first diverter switch 5 when controller is communicated with the first output of the first switch 5 and the second output simultaneously, photovoltaic inverter grid-connected output AC electricity and output direct current.
Certainly, in other embodiments, the control of the first diverter switch 5 also can be undertaken by alternate manner, such as, by comparator, input and the energy consumption of output are compared that rear direct output control signal is controlled the input of the first diverter switch 5 and the first output and/or second output of the first diverter switch 5 are communicated with.
Illustrate the course of work of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention below:
The first diverter switch 5 can make basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit switch between 3 kinds of operating states, by the switching of 3 kinds of operating states, realizes the switching between AC-DC-interchange, and these 3 kinds of operating states are respectively:
State 1: the input that controller is controlled the first diverter switch 5 is communicated with the first output and second output of the first diverter switch 5 simultaneously, the DC side parallel of the basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of N unit now, each basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit is grid-connected output AC electricity all.When using, galvanic household electrical appliance operation is few, and during the surplus of photovoltaic cell component generating capacity, or N basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit is while all carrying out grid-connected output AC electricity, can use state 1.
State 2: the input that controller is controlled the first diverter switch 5 is communicated with the first output of the first diverter switch 5, and the input of the first diverter switch 5 is not communicated with the second output of the first diverter switch 5.Now, basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit carries out independently generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, and does not export direct current.When only carrying out parallel network reverse, can use state 1 or state 2.
State 3: the input that controller is controlled the first diverter switch 5 is communicated with the second output of the first diverter switch 5, and the input of the first diverter switch 5 is not communicated with the first output of the first diverter switch 5.Now, the DC side parallel of the basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of N unit but do not carry out grid-connected output AC electricity.When the generating capacity of photovoltaic cell component is not enough, in the time of can not meeting the consumption of using galvanic household electrical appliance, can use state 3, reduce as much as possible the consumption of electrical network electric energy.
As shown in Figure 3, the invention still further relates to a kind of air conditioner, comprise the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment, this air conditioner also comprises the second diverter switch 9, compressor inversion device 13, power factor corrector (PFC, Power Factor Correction, power factor correction) 10, rectifier 11, EMC filter 16 and the 3rd diverter switch 12.AC network 8 is connected to compressor 14 by the 3rd diverter switch 12, EMC filter 16, rectifier 11, power factor corrector 10 and compressor inversion device 13 successively, and DC bus port is connected to compressor 14 by the second diverter switch 9 and compressor inversion device 13 successively.Be noted that DC bus port herein matches with the DC bus port of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, the second output of DC bus port and the first diverter switch 5 is suitable.
Wherein, the second diverter switch 9 is for controlling being communicated with of DC bus port and air conditioner, and, for controlling being communicated with of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and air conditioner, the direct current that makes air conditioner use photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter to produce carries out work.The 3rd diverter switch 12 is communicated with air conditioner for controlling AC network, makes air conditioner use the alternating current of AC network to carry out work.More preferably, this air conditioner also comprises the air-conditioning communication module 15 for data communication between air conditioner and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, and this air-conditioning communication module 15 matches with the communication module 4 in photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.In actual applications, can be according to the required power of the normal work of air conditioner, the quantity of the power of selective light photovoltaic cell components and basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit parallel connection.
When air conditioner is used the electric energy of photovoltaic cell component 1 generation, communication module 4 by air-conditioning communication module 15 with photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, the input that makes controller control the first diverter switch 5 is communicated with the second output of the first diverter switch 5, the direct current that photovoltaic cell component 1 is produced is sent into the DC bus port of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, the second diverter switch 9 of air conditioner controls the DC bus port of air conditioner and the DC bus port of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is communicated with, and the 3rd diverter switch 12 of air conditioner disconnects.Now, the electric energy that air conditioner use photovoltaic cell component 1 sends rather than the electric energy of AC network carry out work.
When air conditioner is used the electric energy of AC network 8, the second diverter switch 9 of air conditioner controls the DC bus port of air conditioner and the DC bus port of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter disconnects, and the 3rd diverter switch 12 of air conditioner makes air conditioner be communicated with AC network 8.Now, air conditioner is used the electric energy of AC network rather than the electric energy that photovoltaic cell component sends to carry out work.
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention and air conditioner, by the first diverter switch is set between DC-DC stepup transformer and combining inverter, make this photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter both can export direct current by the second output of the first diverter switch, also can be by the grid-connected output AC electricity of the first output of the first diverter switch, by controlling the operating state of the first diverter switch, realize the switching between AC-DC-interchange, meet the driving requirement of the household electrical appliance such as air-conditioning, washing machine, improved the utilization ratio of the electric energy of photovoltaic cell component generation.
The above embodiment has only expressed several execution mode of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection range of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.

Claims (10)

1. a photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, is characterized in that, comprises basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit;
Described basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit comprises photovoltaic cell component, DC-DC stepup transformer, the first diverter switch, combining inverter and grid-connected filter; Described photovoltaic cell component, described DC-DC stepup transformer, described combining inverter, described grid-connected filter and AC network are electrically connected to successively;
Described the first diverter switch comprises an input and two outputs, two described outputs are respectively the first output and the second output, the input of described the first diverter switch connects the output of described DC-DC stepup transformer, the first output of described the first diverter switch connects the input of described combining inverter, for grid-connected output AC electricity; The second output of described the first diverter switch is as DC bus port, for exporting direct current.
2. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit also comprises the capacitor for voltage stabilizing, and described capacitor is connected between the output of described DC-DC stepup transformer and the input of described the first diverter switch.
3. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described grid-connected filter is EMC filter, for the harmonic wave of combining inverter output current described in filtering.
4. according to the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter described in claim 1-3 any one, it is characterized in that:
The quantity of described basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit is N, in parallel by the second output of described the first diverter switch between N basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; Quantity N >=2 of described basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit.
5. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 4, is characterized in that:
Described basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit also comprises communication module, and described communication module is for the data communication between N described basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit.
6. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 5, is characterized in that:
The described communication module of N described basic photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter unit connects by telecommunication cable.
7. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 6, is characterized in that:
The quantity of described telecommunication cable is N-1 bar.
8. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter also comprises controller, and described controller is communicated with for controlling the input of described the first diverter switch and the first output of described the first diverter switch and/or the second output.
9. an air conditioner, is characterized in that: comprise the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter described in claim 1-8 any one;
Also comprise the second diverter switch, compressor inversion device, power factor corrector, rectifier, EMC filter and the 3rd diverter switch; AC network is connected to compressor by described the 3rd diverter switch, described EMC filter, described rectifier, described power factor corrector and described compressor inversion device successively, and DC bus port is connected to described compressor by described the second diverter switch and described compressor inversion device successively.
10. air conditioner according to claim 9, is characterized in that:
Described air conditioner also comprises the air-conditioning communication module for data communication between described air conditioner and described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
CN201410331942.8A 2014-07-11 2014-07-11 Photovoltaic inverter and air conditioner Pending CN104135225A (en)

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CN201410331942.8A CN104135225A (en) 2014-07-11 2014-07-11 Photovoltaic inverter and air conditioner
PCT/CN2015/083782 WO2016004896A1 (en) 2014-07-11 2015-07-10 Photovoltaic inverter and air conditioner

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