CN104135210A - SSSPWM (Symmetrically synchronized Sine Pulse Width Modulation) method and motor driving system using same - Google Patents

SSSPWM (Symmetrically synchronized Sine Pulse Width Modulation) method and motor driving system using same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104135210A
CN104135210A CN201410298936.7A CN201410298936A CN104135210A CN 104135210 A CN104135210 A CN 104135210A CN 201410298936 A CN201410298936 A CN 201410298936A CN 104135210 A CN104135210 A CN 104135210A
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frequency
width modulation
phase
actual
carrier
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CN104135210B (en
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周楚轩
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JOINT PEER SYSTEC CORP
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JOINT PEER SYSTEC CORP
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Abstract

The invention relates to a SSSPWM (Symmetrically synchronized Sine Pulse Width Modulation) method for controlling motor rotation. The method comprises the following steps of: inputting a predetermined frequency command and setting an oscillation frequency; setting an integer value; multiplying the integer value by six times the predetermined frequency command to obtain a predetermined carrier frequency; taking an integer from division the oscillation frequency by the predetermined carrier frequency to obtain a carrier period; dividing the oscillation frequency by the carrier period to obtain an actual carrier frequency; dividing the actual carrier frequency by six times the integer to obtain an actual frequency command; performing pulse modulation to obtain an actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal according to the actual frequency command, adjusting a three-phase power supply of a motor by means of the actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal, and driving the motor to rotate by the adjusted three-phase power supply.

Description

The motor-driven system of holohedral symmetry synchronous mode string wave impulse width modulation method and application thereof
[technical field]
The present invention has about a kind of holohedral symmetry synchronous mode string wave impulse width modulation method, espespecially a kind of in order to control the holohedral symmetry synchronous mode string wave impulse width modulation method of motor running.
[background technology]
Secret machinery is the key project of current industrial development, and the electric main shaft of motor is one of core technology of precision optical machinery.The electric main shaft development trend of motor at present, with the electric main shaft of open loop, it must avoid influence of thermal deformation machining accuracy towards high rotating speed, low vibrations, low-temperature-rise; And with the electric main shaft of the closed loop of encoder, must have the characteristics such as high rotating speed, high rigidity, high accuracy concurrently.At this, how to improve the electric main shaft performance of motor always by the problem of extensive discussions.
The control of motor running is generally carried out by frequency converter.Frequency converter can be by output energy to the electric main shaft of motor, turns round and controls motor and reach desired rotating speed to order about motor.But frequency converter is at output energy during to the electric main shaft of motor, the sine wave that it not only has voltage or current energy, also includes a large amount of harmonic componentss, and those harmonic waves will operate and affect for the electric main shaft of motor.
Analyze the various harmonic componentss that output waveform of transformer comprises, in the time that frequency is high, tend to be subject to the low order impact of circulation frequently.Taking Fig. 1 as example, analyze the output waveform of SVMPWM frequency converter, mf=fc/fo=8, fc=8kHz, fo=999.7kHz, except producing dominant frequency energy fo, the low-order harmonic fsub=2.4Hz of low frequency similarly also can produce.The low-order harmonic fsub of this extremely low frequency (close to direct current) has very important magnitude of voltage.More the low-order harmonic of low frequency is more serious for the impact of motor, because inductance value equals zero, electric current divided by extremely low coil resistance, consequently causes motor circulation excessive no better than flip-flop, and coil is overheated, and then damages valuable electric main shaft.
In view of this, the present invention will provide a kind of pulse-width modulating method of innovation, its method to motor, so can avoid low-order harmonic to cause the motor electricity main shaft in running up to produce damage the output one energy signal that does not include low-order harmonic, will be the object that the present invention wants to reach.
[summary of the invention]
The present invention proposes a kind of holohedral symmetry synchronous mode string wave impulse width modulation method, its method is reformulated out actual carrier frequency, and readjust out actual frequency order according to actual carrier frequency, so that actual carrier frequency remains six integral multiple of actual frequency order, moreover, actual frequency order will further be carried out a pulse width modulation program, go out to have synchronism with pulse-width modulation, the three-phase pulse width modulation signal of symmetry feature, afterwards, utilization has synchronism, the three-phase pulse width modulation signal of symmetry feature is adjusted the three phase mains of motor, with the running of the three phase mains control motor via after adjusting.
The present invention proposes a kind of holohedral symmetry synchronous mode string wave impulse width modulation method, the waveform of its main string ripple signal of exporting according to actual frequency order will present the feature of symmetrical property and basic point symmetry, similarly, carrier signal also can maintain symmetrical property and the symmetric criterion of basic point, and the basic point of main string ripple signal must be synchronizeed and overlap with the basic point of a carrier signal wherein, afterwards, modulator is pursuant to magnitude relationship between carrier signal and main string ripple signal to reflect the pulse width modulation waveform signal with synchronism and symmetry feature.
The present invention proposes a kind of holohedral symmetry synchronous mode string wave impulse width modulation method, its method can produce the pulse width modulation waveform signal with synchronism and symmetry feature, afterwards, frequency converter is had implicit low-order harmonic in the power signal of pulse width modulation waveform signal its output of when manipulation of synchronism and symmetry feature can be eliminated effectively,, frequency converter is in the time ordering about motor, the electric main shaft of motor can be avoided producing low frequency circulation, cause the fail safe of guaranteeing on motor running.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of holohedral symmetry synchronous mode string wave impulse width modulation (Symmetrically Synchronized Sine Pulse Width Modulation, SSSPWM) method, its method is in order to control motor running, its characteristic is, step comprises: the frequency order that input one is predetermined and formulate a frequency of oscillation; Set an integer value; Make integer value be multiplied by the predetermined frequency order of six times to obtain a predetermined carrier frequency; Get frequency of oscillation except the integer after upper predetermined carrier frequency is to obtain a carrier cycle; Make frequency of oscillation remove carrier cycle to obtain the carrier frequency of a reality; Make actual carrier frequency except the integer value of upper six multiples is to obtain the frequency order of a reality; Carry out a pulse-width modulation program according to actual frequency order and go out actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal with pulse-width modulation; And the three phase mains that utilizes actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal to adjust motor turns round to order about motor via the three phase mains after adjusting.
In one embodiment of the invention, set integer-valued formula and be: N=int (Fmax-carrier/ (6 × Fcmd)), wherein, N is integer value, int is bracket function, the carrier frequency that Fmax-carrier is maximum limit, and Fcmd is predetermined frequency order.
In one embodiment of the invention, integer value is set as a fixing numerical value.
In one embodiment of the invention, the step of pulse-width modulation program includes: change predetermined frequency order into an output voltage; The frequency order of integration reality is to calculate a phase angle; Make output voltage go out three-phase voltage signal taking phase angle as basis conversion; And make three-phase voltage signal go out actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal according to carrier cycle with pulse-width modulation.
The present invention provides again a kind of motor-driven system of application holohedral symmetry synchronous mode string wave impulse width modulation method, its characteristic is, comprise: a microprocessor, input predetermined frequency order and a formulation and have a frequency of oscillation, comprise: a frequency adjustment unit, be set with an integer value, comprise: a practical carrier frequency is calculated module, integer value is multiplied by the predetermined frequency order of six times to obtain a predetermined carrier frequency, after frequency of oscillation is removed to upper predetermined carrier frequency, round numbers is to obtain a carrier cycle, again frequency of oscillation is removed to upper carrier cycle to obtain the carrier frequency of a reality, and one actual frequency order calculate module, connect practical carrier frequency and calculate module, by actual carrier frequency except the integer value of upper six multiples is to obtain the frequency order of a reality, one pulse-width modulation unit, rate of connections adjustment unit, carries out a pulse-width modulation program according to actual frequency order and goes out actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal with pulse-width modulation, and a frequency converter, connecting pulse-width modulation unit, the three phase mains that actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal is adjusted motor turns round to order about motor via the three phase mains after adjusting.
In one embodiment of the invention, frequency adjustment unit comprises an integer value setting module, integer value is set module and is set out integer value via a setting formula, it sets formula: N=int (Fmax-carrier/ (6 × Fcmd)), wherein, N is integer value, and int is bracket function, Fmax-carrier is the carrier frequency of maximum limit, and Fcmd is predetermined frequency order.
In one embodiment of the invention, pulse-width modulation unit comprises: a FV convertor, change predetermined frequency order into an output voltage; One integrator, the frequency order of integration reality is to calculate a phase angle; One three-phase voltage calculates module, and rate of connections electric pressure converter and integrator, go out output voltage three-phase voltage signal taking phase angle as basis conversion; One three-phase pulse width calculates module, connects three-phase voltage and calculates module, and three-phase voltage signal is gone out to three-phase pulse width modulation signal according to carrier cycle with pulse-width modulation; And a modulator, connect three-phase pulse width and calculate module, three-phase pulse width modulation signal is carried out to a modulation program to obtain actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal.
[brief description of the drawings]
Fig. 1 commonly uses the spectrogram of SVMPWM frequency converter in the time of high frequency output.
Fig. 2 is the system construction drawing of motor-driven system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of steps of SSSPWM method of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of steps of pulse-width modulation program of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the V/F transformation curve figure between output voltage of the present invention and frequency order.
Fig. 6 is the oscillogram of the main string ripple of the present invention signal, carrier signal and pulse width modulation waveform signal.
Fig. 7 is the spectrogram of SSSPWM frequency converter of the present invention in the time of high frequency output.
Primary clustering symbol description:
100 microprocessor 10 frequency adjustment units
11 integer values are set module 12 practical carrier frequency and are calculated module
Module 15 pulse-width modulation unit are calculated in 13 actual frequency orders
151 FV convertor 152 integrators
153 three-phase voltages calculate module 154 three-phase pulse width and calculate module
155 SVPWM modulator 17 SSSPWM frequency converters
200 motor 301 transformation curves
The main string ripple of 302 carrier signal 303 signal
[embodiment]
Referring to Fig. 2, is the system construction drawing of motor-driven system of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, the structure of motor-driven system of the present invention comprises a microprocessor 100 and a motor 200.Motor 200 of the present invention can be three-phase induction motor or permanent magnet synchronous motor.Microprocessor 100 of the present invention will utilize a holohedral symmetry synchronous mode string wave impulse width modulation method (Symmetrically Synchronized Sine Pulse Width Modulation, SSSPWM) to control the running of motor 200.
Microprocessor 100 comprises a frequency adjustment unit 10, a pulse-width modulation unit 15 and a SSSPWM frequency converter 17.Frequency adjustment unit 10 receives a predetermined frequency order Fcmd, according to the carrier frequency Fcarrier of a reality *readjust the frequency of predetermined frequency order Fcmd, to export the frequency order Fcmd of a reality *.Pulse-width modulation unit 15 receives actual frequency order Fcmd *, with according to actual frequency order Fcmd *modulation goes out actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal Tu *, Tv *, Tw *.Afterwards, pulse-width modulation unit 15 utilizes actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal Tu *, Tv *, Tw *control the internal switch element of SSSPWM frequency converter 17, turn round so that SSSPWM frequency converter 17 is adjusted the three phase mains of motor 200 with conversion system and then utilize three phase mains after adjusting to order about motor 200.
Again, frequency adjustment unit 10 comprises that an integer value is set module 11, a practical carrier frequency calculates module 12 and module 13 is calculated in an actual frequency order, and integer value setting module 11 connects practical carrier frequency calculating module 12 and module 13 is calculated in actual frequency order.Pulse-width modulation unit 15 comprises that a FV convertor 151, an integrator 152, a three-phase voltage calculate module 153, a three-phase pulse width calculates module 154 and a modulator 155, three-phase voltage calculates module 153 rate of connections electric pressure converter 151, integrator 152 and three-phase pulse width calculating module 154 respectively, and modulator 155 connects three-phase pulse width calculating module 154.Modulator 155 of the present invention can be the pulse width modulation device (Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation, SVPWM) of a space vector.
Further consult shown in Fig. 3, for SSSPWM method of the present invention is rendered in the detailed process on motor-driven system.First, step S51, the demand rotating speed that motor-driven system can be pursuant to the motor 200 of wanting to reach is inputted a predetermined frequency order Fcmd to frequency adjustment unit 10 and pulse-width modulation unit 15, and microprocessor 100 is formulated and had a fixing frequency of oscillation Fosc.
Step S52, integer value is set module 11 and is received predetermined frequency order Fcmd, set formula according to an integer value and set out an integer value N, it sets formula is N=int (Fmax-carrier/ (6 × Fcmd)), wherein N is integer value, int is bracket function, the carrier frequency that Fmax-carrier is maximum limit, and Fcmd is incoming frequency order.Moreover in one embodiment of the invention, integer value is set module 11 and can be utilized setting formula to set out a dynamic integer value N; For example, or in further embodiment of this invention, integer value is set module 11 also can directly set out a fixing integer value N: 2,4,6 ... etc..
Step S53, integer value is set module 11 integer value N is sent to practical carrier frequency calculating module 12, and practical carrier frequency is calculated module 12 integer value N is multiplied by six times of predetermined frequency order Fcmd to obtain a predetermined carrier frequency Fcarrier=6 × Fcmd × N.Step S54, after frequency of oscillation Fosc is removed upper predetermined carrier frequency Fcarrier by practical carrier frequency calculating module 12, round numbers is to obtain a carrier cycle TP=int (Fosc/Fcarrier).Step S55, practical carrier frequency calculating module 12 removes upper carrier cycle TP by frequency of oscillation Fosc again and can obtain actual carrier frequency Fcarrier *=Fosc/TP.
Then, step S56, actual frequency order is calculated module 13 and is received integer value N and actual carrier frequency Fcarrier from integer value setting module 11 and practical carrier frequency calculating module 12 *, by actual carrier frequency Fcarrier *remove the integer value N of upper six multiples to produce and to export the frequency order Fcmd of a reality *=Fcarrier */ (6 × N).
Step S57, pulse-width modulation unit 15 receives actual frequency order Fcmd from frequency adjustment unit 10 *, be pursuant to actual frequency order Fcmd *carry out a pulse-width adjustment program, go out actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal Tu with pulse-width modulation *, Tv *, Tw *.
Finally, step S58, pulse-width modulation unit 15 utilizes actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal Tu *, Tv *, Tw *control the internal switch element of SSSPWM frequency converter 17, adjust the three phase mains of motor 200 with conversion system.Three phase mains after adjustment will input in the electric main shaft of motor 200, turns round to order about motor 200.
Continue to consult Fig. 4, pulse-width modulation unit 15 performs step the detailed step of the pulse-width adjustment program of S57, it is as described below: step S571, FV convertor 151 of the present invention is formulated and is had V/F conversion parameters corresponding to many groups for the relation between frequency order Fcmd and output voltage V out, the transformation curve 301 that its V/F conversion parameter can drafting pattern 5.In the time that FV convertor 151 receives this predetermined frequency order Fcmd, will, according to the corresponding V/F conversion parameter of size inquiry of this predetermined frequency order Fcmd, change out according to this output voltage V out of a correspondence.
Again, step S572, integrator 152 receives actual frequency order Fcmd *time, for actual frequency order Fcmd *the integral operation program of carrying out is to calculate a phase angle θ.
Step S573, three-phase voltage calculates module 153 and receives after output voltage V out, taking phase angle θ as benchmark, output voltage V out is scaled to three-phase voltage Vu=Vout × cos (θ), Vv=Vout × cos (θ-120 °), Vw=Vout × cos (θ+120 °).
Step S574, three-phase pulse width calculates module 154 and receives respectively three-phase voltage Vu, Vv, Vw and carrier cycle TP from three-phase voltage calculating module 153 and frequency adjustment unit 10, and three-phase voltage Vu, Vv, Vw are removed respectively to a upper direct-current working volts Vdc and be multiplied by respectively carrier cycle TP to obtain predetermined three-phase pulse width modulation signal Tu=(Vu/Vdc) × TP, Tv=(Vv/Vdc) × TP, Tw=(Vw/Vdc) × TP again.Then, three-phase pulse width calculating module 154 is further sent to modulator 155 by predetermined three-phase pulse width modulation signal Tu, Tv, Tw and carries out modulation program, goes out actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal Tu with modulation *, Tv *, Tw *.Continue, modulator 155 utilizes actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal Tu *, Tv *, Tw *control the internal switch element of SSSPWM frequency converter 17, so that SSSPWM frequency converter 17 is adjusted the three phase mains of motor 200 with conversion system, finally utilize the running of the three phase mains control motor 200 after adjusting so that motor 200 can reach the rotating speed of demand.
At this, motor-driven system of the present invention utilizes SSSPWM method to reformulate actual carrier frequency Fcarrier *, and according to actual carrier frequency Fcarrier *readjust out actual frequency order Fcmd *, so that actual carrier frequency Fcarrier *can remain actual frequency order Fcmd *six integral multiple, for example: Fcarrier *=6 × N × Fcmd *.
Taking Fig. 6 as example, integer value N is set as 1, actual carrier frequency Fcarrier *for actual frequency order Fcmd *six times, therefore, according to actual frequency order Fcmd *the main string ripple signal 303 exported (as wherein one of three-phase voltage signal Vu, Vv or Vw) its work period TS will equal six times of times of work period TP of carrier signal 302.So the waveform of main string ripple signal 303 will present symmetrical property → cos (θ)=cos (θ) and basic point symmetry → cos (90 °+θ)=cos (90 °-θ).Similarly, the waveform of carrier signal 302 also can maintain symmetrical property and the symmetric criterion of basic point.Due to actual frequency order Fcmd *system is according to actual carrier frequency Fcarrier *readjust formulation, therefore, the basic point of main string ripple signal 303 must be synchronizeed and overlap with the basic point of a carrier signal 302 wherein.Moreover SVPWM modulator 155 will be pursuant to magnitude relationship between carrier signal 302 and main string ripple signal 303 to reflect a corresponding pulse width modulation waveform signal 304 (as Tu *, Tv *or Tw *), for example: carrier signal 302 is greater than main string ripple signal 303, and pulse width modulation waveform signal 304 is high levle; Carrier signal 302 is less than main string ripple signal 303, and pulse width modulation waveform signal 304 is low level.
, when the PWM waveform signal 304 that SSSPWM frequency converter 17 is had synchronism and a symmetry feature manipulates, low-order harmonic implicit in the power signal of its output can be eliminated effectively.As shown in Figure 7, the power signal that SSSPWM frequency converter 17 is exported only comprises dominant frequency energy fo, does not contain the low-order harmonic of any DC composition.
Comprehensively above-mentioned, motor-driven system of the present invention utilizes the running of SSSPWM method control motor, can effectively eliminate implicit low-order harmonic in SSSPWM frequency converter 17 out-put supplies, the electric main shaft that so can avoid motor 200 produces low frequency circulation and causes the situation of the too high motor damage coil of temperature rise, causes the fail safe of guaranteeing in motor 200 runnings.
As described above, it is only one of the present invention preferred embodiment, not be used for limiting the scope of the invention process, all according to the shape described in the present patent application the scope of the claims, structure, characteristic and spiritual institute impartial variation and modification for it, all should be included in the present invention's claim.

Claims (8)

1. holohedral symmetry synchronous mode string wave impulse width modulation (Symmetrically Synchronized Sine Pulse Width Modulation, a SSSPWM) method, its method is in order to control motor running, and its characteristic is, and step comprises:
Input predetermined frequency order and formulation one frequency of oscillation;
Set an integer value;
Make this integer value be multiplied by this predetermined frequency order of six times to obtain a predetermined carrier frequency;
Get this frequency of oscillation except the integer after upper this predetermined carrier frequency is to obtain a carrier cycle;
Make this frequency of oscillation except upper this carrier cycle is to obtain the carrier frequency of a reality;
Make this actual carrier frequency except this integer values of upper six multiples is to obtain the frequency order of a reality;
Carry out a pulse-width modulation program according to this actual frequency order and go out actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal with pulse-width modulation; And
The three phase mains that utilizes this actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal to adjust motor turns round to order about motor via the three phase mains after adjusting.
2. holohedral symmetry string wave impulse width modulation method according to claim 1, its characteristic is, sets this integer-valued formula to be:
N=int(Fmax-carrier/(6×Fcmd))
Wherein, N is this integer value, and int is bracket function, the carrier frequency that Fmax-carrier is maximum limit, and Fcmd is this predetermined frequency order.
3. holohedral symmetry string wave impulse width modulation method according to claim 1, its characteristic is, this integer value is set as a fixing numerical value.
4. holohedral symmetry string wave impulse width modulation method according to claim 1, its characteristic is, the step of this pulse-width modulation program includes:
Change this predetermined frequency order into an output voltage;
This actual frequency order of integration is to calculate a phase angle;
Make this output voltage go out three-phase voltage signal taking this phase angle as basis conversion; And
Make this three-phase voltage signal go out this actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal according to this carrier cycle with pulse-width modulation.
5. a motor-driven system for application holohedral symmetry synchronous mode string wave impulse width modulation method, its characteristic is, comprising:
One microprocessor, input one predetermined frequency order and formulation has a frequency of oscillation, comprising:
One frequency adjustment unit, is set with an integer value, comprising:
One practical carrier frequency is calculated module, this integer value is multiplied by this predetermined frequency order of six times to obtain a predetermined carrier frequency, by this frequency of oscillation except round numbers after upper this predetermined carrier frequency is to obtain a carrier cycle, then by this frequency of oscillation except upper this carrier cycle is to obtain the carrier frequency of a reality; And
Module is calculated in one actual frequency order, connects this practical carrier frequency and calculates module, and this integer value that this actual carrier frequency is removed to upper six multiples is to obtain the frequency order of a reality;
One pulse-width modulation unit, connects this frequency adjustment unit, carries out a pulse-width modulation program go out actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal with pulse-width modulation according to this actual frequency order; And
One frequency converter, connects this pulse-width modulation unit, and the three phase mains that this actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal is adjusted motor turns round to order about motor via the three phase mains after adjusting.
6. motor-driven system according to claim 5, its characteristic is, and this frequency adjustment unit comprises that an integer value sets module, and this integer value is set module and is set out this integer value via a setting formula, and it is set formula and is:
N=int(Fmax-carrier/(6×Fcmd))
Wherein, N is this integer value, and int is bracket function, the carrier frequency that Fmax-carrier is maximum limit, and Fcmd is this predetermined frequency order.
7. motor-driven system according to claim 5, its characteristic is, this integer value is set module this integer value is set as to a fixing numerical value.
8. motor-driven system according to claim 5, its characteristic is, this pulse-width modulation unit comprises:
One FV convertor, changes this predetermined frequency order into an output voltage;
One integrator, this actual frequency order of integration is to calculate a phase angle;
One three-phase voltage calculates module, connects this FV convertor and this integrator, this output voltage is gone out to three-phase voltage signal taking this phase angle as basis conversion;
One three-phase pulse width calculates module, connects this three-phase voltage and calculates module, and this three-phase voltage signal is gone out to three-phase pulse width modulation signal according to this carrier cycle with pulse-width modulation; And
One modulator, connects this three-phase pulse width and calculates module, and this three-phase pulse width modulation signal is carried out to a modulation program to obtain this actual three-phase pulse width modulation signal.
CN201410298936.7A 2014-06-27 2014-06-27 Holohedral symmetry synchronous mode string pulse width modulating method and the motor-driven system of application thereof Expired - Fee Related CN104135210B (en)

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JPH08205548A (en) * 1995-01-30 1996-08-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Device and method for power conversion
KR20020054837A (en) * 2000-12-28 2002-07-08 이계안 Pwm control method and system for constant torque driving bldc motor
CN1521942A (en) * 2003-02-12 2004-08-18 盛群半导体股份有限公司 Apparatus and method for carrier frequency correction of remote controller
CN1855692A (en) * 2005-04-25 2006-11-01 张新华 High speed sine pulse midth modification
US20080290916A1 (en) * 2004-05-26 2008-11-27 Isao Okada System Clock Generation Circuit

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08205548A (en) * 1995-01-30 1996-08-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Device and method for power conversion
KR20020054837A (en) * 2000-12-28 2002-07-08 이계안 Pwm control method and system for constant torque driving bldc motor
CN1521942A (en) * 2003-02-12 2004-08-18 盛群半导体股份有限公司 Apparatus and method for carrier frequency correction of remote controller
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