CN104133244B - A kind of near surface static corrections processing method of focus shear wave exploration - Google Patents
A kind of near surface static corrections processing method of focus shear wave exploration Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of near surface static corrections processing method of focus shear wave exploration, belongs to geophysical exploration seism processing field.This method includes：(1) data input：Input is loaded with the seismic prospecting initial data of space attribute；(2) shear wave staticses are obtained using shear wave tomographic statics method；Proportion of utilization Y-factor method Y obtains shear wave staticses；(3) judge to optimize and obtain optimum shear wave staticses.The present invention solves the problems, such as the near surface static corrections processing of focus shear wave, and its result is applied to practically seismic data processing, obtains the S-wave section compared with high s/n ratio.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geophysical exploration seism processing field, and in particular to a kind of near-earth of focus shear wave exploration
Table static corrections processing method, can be applicable to dynamite source under the process of shear wave exploration data and specific condition and excites three-component to receive
Focus shear wave earthquake data process.
Background technology
Due to the high cost of shear wave exploration, production application is not universal, and majority is to carry out multiband fusion using converted wave.At certain
Under a little specific seismic geological coditions, near surface anisotropic medium, dynamite source is excited, and many ripples that multi -components are received are surveyed
In spy, converted wave is strong not as focus shear wave, that is, need to carry out the process of focus shear wave.As shear wave velocity is low compared with velocity of longitudinal wave,
Vertically and horizontally change greatly, the near surface static correction value of focus shear wave often changes acutely, and the first arrival time of shear wave is difficult to accurately pick up
Take, it is seen that the difficulty for solving focus shear wave static correction is bigger, more project compared with compressional wave static correction problem.
During the data of current multiband fusion is processed, near surface static corrections processing technology be not also very ripe, many ripples data
Near surface static corrections processing problem remains the solution that requires study.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to a near surface static correction value difficult problem for focus shear wave is solved, a kind of focus shear wave exploration is provided
Near surface static corrections processing method, improve focus S-wave section quality, and then improve the reliability for processing Interpretation On The Results.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of near surface static corrections processing method of focus shear wave exploration, including：
(1) data input：Input is loaded with the seismic prospecting initial data of space attribute；
(2) shear wave staticses are obtained using shear wave tomographic statics method；Proportion of utilization Y-factor method Y obtains shear wave static correction
Amount；
(3) judge to optimize and obtain optimum shear wave staticses.
Further include after step (3)：
(4) static application：Optimum shear wave staticses are applied on geological data；
(5) data output：Output applies the geological data after optimum shear wave staticses.
The shear wave tomographic statics method includes：
(A1) original earthquake data is pre-processed, improved first arrival shear wave；Described pretreatment include editor,
The playback of polarity correction, filtering with predominant frequency band and resonance energy；
(A2) method combined with man-machine interactively correction using automatic first break pickup, carries out the first break pickup of shear wave；
(A3) using the shear wave first arrival of pickup, shear wave tomographic statics calculating is carried out, obtains the equivalent speed of shear wave weathering zone
Degree and shear wave staticses.
The proportionality coefficient method includes：
(B1) first break pickup of compressional component, tomographic statics are completed first calculate, obtains the equivalent speed of compressional wave weathering zone
Degree and compressional wave static correction value；
(B2) P-wave And S micro-logging data is utilized, according to datum level and replacement velocity is processed, asks for the compressional wave of shallow-layer respectively
Static correction value and shear wave staticses, then using compressional wave static correction value divided by shear wave staticses value as proportionality coefficient；
The P-wave And S micro-logging data includes interval velocity, thickness and earth's surface elevation information；
The process datum level and replacement velocity are given by user；
(B3) shear wave near surface static correction value is asked for using the proportionality coefficient：Proportionality coefficient is multiplied by compressional wave static correction value
Obtain the tomographic statics amount of shear wave.
In step (B2), if compressional wave tomographic statics and shear wave tomographic statics result all reliable, by step
(B1) the value conduct of the velocity equivalent of the shear wave weathering zone that the velocity equivalent of the compressional wave weathering zone for obtaining is obtained divided by step (A3)
Proportionality coefficient.
Step (3) are specific as follows：
The shear wave staticses obtained by proportion of utilization Y-factor method Y and using shear wave tomographic statics method are respectively applied to ground
In shake data, then two application effects are compared, if the shear wave staticses that obtain of proportion of utilization Y-factor method Y should
It is better than the application effect of the shear wave staticses obtained using shear wave tomographic statics method with effect, then by proportion of utilization Y-factor method Y
The shear wave staticses for obtaining are used as optimum shear wave staticses, on the contrary the shear wave that then will be obtained using shear wave tomographic statics method
Static correction value is used as optimum shear wave staticses；
If the application effect of the shear wave staticses that two methods are obtained is all bad, obtained using preferentially comprehensive use
Obtain optimum shear wave staticses；
The application effect refers to structural configuration and signal to noise ratio.
The preferentially comprehensive use includes：
Step is 1.：Shot point adoption rate Y-factor method Y obtains shot statics, geophone station be respectively adopted proportionality coefficient method and
Shear wave tomographic statics method, obtains 2 sets of just stacked sections；
Step is 2.：The quality of the first stacked sections of comparison step 1. obtain 2 sets, finds out that structural configuration is reasonable and signal to noise ratio is high
Location corresponding to detection period scope；
Step is 3.：The static correction value of the part geophone station that 2. output step is found out；
Step is 4.：Geophone station adopts step output static correction value 3., and shot point is respectively adopted proportionality coefficient method and shear wave layer
Analysis static correction method, obtains 2 sets of just stacked sections；
Step is 5.：2 sets of sections that 4. comparison step obtains are good and bad, find out the high corresponding big gun of the reasonable and signal to noise ratio of structural configuration
Period scope；
Step is 6.：The static correction value of the part shot point that 5. output step is found out；
Step is 7.：While invocation step output 3. with step 6., both constitute optimum shear wave staticses.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows：The invention is to a certain extent (depending on data condition)
The near surface static corrections processing of focus shear wave is solved the problems, such as, practically seismic data processing is applied to, obtain compared with high s/n ratio
S-wave section, and S-wave section quality is good more than the converted wave sectional plane in the area, S-wave section and P-wave section looks overall
Preferably, reflection wave groups feature substantially, can be used for geologic interpretation to cause property.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is original X-component shear wave single shot record.
Fig. 2 is original X-component shear wave single-shot first break pickup record.
Fig. 3-1 is the shot statics obtained using " proportionality coefficient method ".
Fig. 3-2 is the shot statics obtained using " compressional wave tomographic statics method ".
Fig. 3-3 is the shot statics obtained using " shear wave tomographic statics method ".
Fig. 4-1 is the receiver static correction amount of " proportionality coefficient method ".
Fig. 4-2 is the receiver static correction amount of " compressional wave tomographic statics method ".
Fig. 4-3 is the receiver static correction amount of " shear wave tomographic statics method ".
Fig. 5 is the application effect of " shear wave tomographic statics method ", can be seen that with Fig. 6 contrast：Part shown in square frame is " horizontal
The effect of ripple tomographic statics method " is good.
Fig. 6 is the application effect of " proportionality coefficient method ", can be seen that with Fig. 5 contrast：Shown in square frame, part is " proportionality coefficient
The effect of method " is good.
Contrast Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 understands：Two methods cut both ways, and should comprehensively utilize.
Fig. 7 a is the single shot record obtained using " proportionality coefficient method " by focus shear wave.
Fig. 7 b is the single shot record obtained using " shear wave tomographic statics method " by focus shear wave.
Fig. 7 c is the single shot record for doing constant time shift static correction to focus shear wave.
The step of Fig. 8 is the inventive method block diagram.
Fig. 9 a does not do the single shot record of static corrections processing for focus shear wave.
Fig. 9 b is for focus shear wave using the single shot record after " proportionality coefficient method " static correction.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail：
As shown in figure 8, shear wave near surface static corrections processing method of the present invention includes：
According to process data whether possess better quality shear wave first arrival, in length and breadth ripple near surface structure investigation concrete feelings
Condition, determines using one of following method：(1) shear wave tomographic statics method；(2) proportionality coefficient method；(3) preferentially comprehensively utilize
Method.Three kinds of static correcting methods are described below respectively：
(1) shear wave tomographic statics method
Resonance energy playback and wave field purify shear wave first break pickup, and shear wave tomographic statics are calculated.Using at the beginning of focus shear wave
Extremely, shear wave tomographic statics amount is asked for.The signal to noise ratio of original shear wave first arrival is primarily referred to as (the quality of original shear wave first arrival is higher
High, energy is strong, it is easy to the software automatic Picking time.Can it be exactly criterion that accurate shear wave first arrival time be obtained) situation
Under, can focus shear wave record on precision pick shear wave first arrival, top layer shear wave weathering zone mould is set up using tomographic statics technology
Type, calculates focus shear wave staticses.Comprise the following steps that：
(1) using business software (such as can using company of Liang Fangqi section OMEGA processing system, such as TRACE_SELECT,
TOOLKIT, TV_FILTER etc.) complete pretreatment (include：Road editor, polarity correction, filtering with predominant frequency band, resonance energy are returned
Position), improved first arrival shear wave.
(2) it (is two work(in software to adopt " automatic first break pickup " and " man-machine interactively correction " in business software
Energy.) method that combines, carry out the first break pickup of shear wave.
(3) similar with compressional wave tomographic statics, using the shear wave first arrival of pickup, shear wave chromatography is carried out using business software quiet
Correction is calculated, and obtains velocity information and the shear wave staticses of shear wave weathering zone.
(2) proportionality coefficient method
Compressional wave tomographic statics and micro logging surface structure survey, ask for shear wave near surface static correction value.Indulged according to shallow-layer,
The quiet speed proportional relation of shear wave, asks for shear wave near surface static correction value.Comprise the following steps that：
(1) first have to conscientiously meticulously resolve compressional wave static correction problem, first break pickup, the chromatography for completing compressional component is quiet
Correction is calculated, and obtains velocity information and the compressional wave static correction value (realizing using commercial processes system) of compressional wave weathering zone.
(2) (included using P-wave And S micro-logging data：Interval velocity, thickness, earth's surface elevation information), according to process benchmark
Face and replacement velocity (typically being given by user), ask for the P-wave And S static correction value of shallow-layer respectively, and then obtain proportionality coefficient；
In addition, under the condition with good P-wave And S tomographic statics result, being possible with P-wave And S tomographic statics
The velocity equivalent information of the P-wave And S weathering zone of output, obtains proportionality coefficient.
(3) P-wave And S static correction value proportionality coefficient is utilized, asks for shear wave near surface static correction value.Will proportionality coefficient take advantage of
The tomographic statics amount of upper compressional wave, you can obtain the tomographic statics amount of shear wave.
(3) preferentially comprehensive use
When the effect of static correcting method (1) and (2) is all not ideal enough, and when cutting both ways, it is contemplated that using the quiet school
Correction method.I.e. on the basis of contrast above two kinds of static correction effects, preferentially, shear wave staticses are comprehensively utilized, be presented herein below one
Plant simple embodiment：
Step is 1.：The shot statics of shot point adoption rate Y-factor method Y, geophone station are separately respectively adopted proportionality coefficient method, horizontal stroke
Ripple tomographic statics method, is obtained 2 sets of first stacked sections and (is divided by the CDP road collection sorting using the routine in processing system, speed
Analysis and overlap-add procedure)；
Step is 2.：The above-mentioned 2 sets sections of comparison are good and bad, find out structural configuration reasonable (by with P-wave section in construction shape
State contrast understands) and the high location of signal to noise ratio (it is high that both compare the continuous signal to noise ratio of ripple group) corresponding to detection period scope；
Step is 3.：It is high corresponding that a set of structural configuration reasonable and signal to noise ratio is preferentially exported from 2 sets of receiver static correction amounts
Receiver static correction amount；
Step is 4.：Using output static correction value 3., it is quiet that shot point is separately respectively adopted proportionality coefficient method, shear wave chromatography to geophone station
Correction method, obtains 2 sets of just stacked sections；
Step is 5.：Relatively 2 sets sections are good and bad, find out the high corresponding shot point scope of the reasonable and signal to noise ratio of structural configuration；
Step is 6.：A set of structural configuration reasonable and signal to noise ratio high corresponding big gun is preferentially exported from 2 sets of shot staticses
Point static correction value；
Step is 7.：While calling output 3. and 6., (i.e. shear wave staticses, it is quiet by shot statics and geophone station
Correcting value two parts constitute) carry out follow-up process.
Shear wave near surface static correction is the basis of decision data processing profiles quality, only in the static correction of shear wave near surface and
After earth's surface-consistent residual static correction Resolving probiems, Denoising Problems just preferably can be solved, and then could improve speed essence
Degree and section quality.
The present invention can preferably overcome a shear wave near surface static correction technology difficult problem, for giving full play to focus shear wave distinguishingly
Effect in area's seismic prospecting is laid a good foundation, and can improve focus S-wave section quality, so improve process Interpretation On The Results can
By property.In addition, the invention also indirectly can be applied in the near surface static corrections processing of converted wave, shear wave is carried out to geophone station quiet
Correction.Therefore, the invention is with very wicked application prospect in the process of multiband fusion.
One embodiment of the present of invention is as follows：
The well-log information of P-wave And S according to known in work area, it is 2 to have tried to achieve proportionality coefficient, therefore Fig. 3-1 and Fig. 4-1 ratio
The shear wave staticses of example Y-factor method Y are to be multiplied by 2 acquisitions by compressional wave tomographic statics amount.Fig. 3-1 is different near-earths from Fig. 3-3
The shot statics contrast of table static correcting method, Fig. 4-1 and the quiet school of the geophone station that Fig. 4-3 is different near surface static correcting methods
Positive quantity is contrasted, it is seen that the similitude between them preferably, illustrates that both approaches have certain reliability.Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b couple
Than, it is seen that two kinds of static correcting methods all achieve positive effect, and the ripple group for less carrying out shear wave static correction (Fig. 7 c) is continuous.
Fig. 5 is the application effect of " shear wave tomographic statics method ", can be seen that with Fig. 6 contrast：Part shown in square frame is " horizontal
The effect of ripple tomographic statics method " good (mainly see the form of reflection wave groups whether rationally and whether ripple group continuous).Fig. 6 is employing
The application effect of " proportionality coefficient method ", can be seen that with Fig. 5 contrast：Part shown in square frame is that the effect of " proportionality coefficient method " is good.
Contrast Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 understands：Two methods cut both ways, and should adopt " preferentially comprehensive use ".
Fig. 9 a and Fig. 9 b are the contrast of single shot record before and after a big gun near surface static correction, wherein, Fig. 9 a be focus shear wave not
The single shot record of static corrections processing is done, Fig. 9 b is compared for focus shear wave using the single shot record after " proportionality coefficient method " static correction
Ripple group continuity after the visible static correction of two figures improves substantially.
The present invention devises the near surface of focus shear wave data by the research to multiple near surface static corrections processing methods
Static correcting method, specifically has：(1) shear wave tomographic statics method；(2) proportionality coefficient method；(3) preferentially comprehensive use.By this
Invention application, can improve quality and the interpretation of shear wave data, give full play to effect of the shear wave in oil-gas exploration.
The present invention in the case of the shear wave first arrival for possessing better quality or shear wave near surface structure survey data condition, all
Can preferably solve the problems, such as the near surface static corrections processing of shear wave, but be limited by the energy of shear wave first arrival in original record and quality
System, in the case of being difficult to obtain preferable shear wave first arrival, the application of shear wave tomographic statics method is limited, and shear wave is chromatographed
The effect of static correction can not be not fully exerted, when good when bad, in the future pass through technological progress, original shear wave first break pickup essence
Degree can obtain improved in the case of, carry out tomographic statics using the first arrival of artillery shear wave, more preferable shear wave weathering zone mould can be obtained
Type and near surface static correction value；The data such as the another micro logging by ripple in length and breadth are limited, without shear wave near surface structure investigation money
During material, shear wave near surface static correction value cannot be asked for using the proportionate relationship for indulging shear wave staticses；For this purpose, being permitted in condition
Can (i.e.：The shear wave first arrival of existing good quality, justice have shear wave near surface structure survey data) in the case of, can be by comprehensive utilization two
Static correcting method (shear wave tomographic statics method and proportionality coefficient method) is planted, more structurally sound result is obtained, to adapt to the quiet of complexity
Correction Problemss.
Technique scheme is one embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, at this
On the basis of disclosure of the invention application process and principle, it is easy to make various types of improvement or deformation, this is not limited solely to
The method described by above-mentioned specific embodiment is invented, therefore previously described mode is simply preferred, and do not have and limit
The meaning of property.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of near surface static corrections processing method of focus shear wave exploration, it is characterised in that：The method comprising the steps of：
(1) data input：Input is loaded with the seismic prospecting initial data of space attribute；
(2) shear wave staticses are obtained using shear wave tomographic statics method；Proportion of utilization Y-factor method Y obtains shear wave staticses；
(3) judge to optimize and obtain optimum shear wave staticses；
Wherein, the shear wave tomographic statics method includes:
(A1) original earthquake data is pre-processed, improved first arrival shear wave；The pretreatment includes editor, polarity
The playback of correction, filtering with predominant frequency band and resonance energy；
(A2) method combined with man-machine interactively correction using automatic first break pickup, carries out the first break pickup of shear wave；
(A3) using the shear wave first arrival of pickup, carry out shear wave tomographic statics calculating, obtain shear wave weathering zone velocity equivalent and
Shear wave staticses.
2. the near surface static corrections processing method of focus shear wave exploration according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step
(3) further include after:
(4) static application：Optimum shear wave staticses are applied on geological data；
(5) data output：Output applies the geological data after optimum shear wave staticses.
3. the near surface static corrections processing method of focus shear wave exploration according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ratio
Example Y-factor method Y includes：
(B1) complete the first break pickup of compressional component, tomographic statics first to calculate, obtain compressional wave weathering zone velocity equivalent and
Compressional wave static correction value；
(B2) P-wave And S micro-logging data is utilized, according to datum level and replacement velocity is processed, asks for the quiet school of compressional wave of shallow-layer respectively
Positive quantity and shear wave staticses, then using compressional wave static correction value divided by shear wave staticses value as proportionality coefficient；
The P-wave And S micro-logging data includes interval velocity, thickness and earth's surface elevation information；
The process datum level and replacement velocity are given by user；
(B3) shear wave near surface static correction value is asked for using the proportionality coefficient：Proportionality coefficient is multiplied by the acquisition of compressional wave static correction value
The tomographic statics amount of shear wave.
4. the near surface static corrections processing method of focus shear wave exploration according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The step
Suddenly in (B2), if compressional wave tomographic statics and shear wave tomographic statics result all reliable, compressional wave that step (B1) is obtained
The value of the velocity equivalent of the shear wave weathering zone that the velocity equivalent of weathering zone is obtained divided by step (A3) is used as proportionality coefficient.
5. the near surface static corrections processing method of focus shear wave exploration according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
Suddenly (3) are specific as follows：
The shear wave staticses obtained by proportion of utilization Y-factor method Y and using shear wave tomographic statics method are respectively applied to earthquake number
According to upper, then two application effects are compared, if the application effect of the shear wave staticses that obtain of proportion of utilization Y-factor method Y
Fruit is better than the application effect of the shear wave staticses obtained using shear wave tomographic statics method, then obtain proportion of utilization Y-factor method Y
Shear wave staticses as optimum shear wave staticses, otherwise then by quiet for the shear wave obtained using shear wave tomographic statics method school
Positive quantity is used as optimum shear wave staticses；
If the application effect of the shear wave staticses that two methods are obtained is all bad, obtained most using preferentially comprehensive use
Excellent shear wave staticses；
The application effect refers to structural configuration and signal to noise ratio.
6. the near surface static corrections processing method of focus shear wave exploration according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Described select
Excellent comprehensive use includes：
Step is 1.：Shot point adoption rate Y-factor method Y obtains shot statics, and geophone station is respectively adopted proportionality coefficient method and shear wave
Tomographic statics method, obtains 2 sets of just stacked sections；
Step is 2.：The quality of 2 sets of first stacked sections that 1. comparison step obtains, finds out the high ground of the reasonable and signal to noise ratio of structural configuration
The scope of the detection period corresponding to section；
Step is 3.：The static correction value of the part geophone station that 2. output step is found out；
Step is 4.：Geophone station adopts step output static correction value 3., and shot point is respectively adopted proportionality coefficient method and shear wave chromatography is quiet
Correction method, obtains 2 sets of just stacked sections；
Step is 5.：2 sets of sections that 4. comparison step obtains are good and bad, find out the high corresponding shot point number of the reasonable and signal to noise ratio of structural configuration
Scope；
Step is 6.：The static correction value of the part shot point that 5. output step is found out；
Step is 7.：While invocation step output 3. with step 6., both constitute optimum shear wave staticses.
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| CN106855639B (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-09-04 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Static correcting method and device |
| CN112305600B (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2024-04-30 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method and device for acquiring first arrival of transverse waves of polluted road |
| CN112305601B (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2024-05-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Design method of seismic exploration acquisition excitation well based on tomographic inversion |
| CN111929731B (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2021-09-28 | 中国海洋大学 | Surface consistency and non-consistency combined static correction method |
| CN112925025B (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2023-02-10 | 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所 | Seismic data static correction method and device based on surface waves and electronic equipment |
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