CN104129921A - Aluminum silicate fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum silicate fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104129921A CN104129921A CN201410407796.2A CN201410407796A CN104129921A CN 104129921 A CN104129921 A CN 104129921A CN 201410407796 A CN201410407796 A CN 201410407796A CN 104129921 A CN104129921 A CN 104129921A
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of aluminum silicate fiber. The method comprises the following steps of crushing crude mineral raw materials, melting and carrying out fiber forming treatment, thereby obtaining the aluminum silicate fiber, wherein the sum of the mass percent of Al2O3 and SiO2 in the crude mineral raw materials is over 95%. According to the preparation method of the aluminum silicate fiber, the aluminum silicate fiber is directly prepared by creatively adopting the crude mineral raw materials, so that the process is simple, the operation of calcining is avoided, and the prepared aluminum silicate fiber has good heat preservation and insulation properties and can meet the demands of most fields, such as electric power, petrochemicals and metallurgy, on heat insulation and preservation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fibre technology field, relate in particular to a kind of aluminum silicate fiber and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Aluminum silicate fiber, be again ceramic fiber, it is a kind of refractory materials of novel light, there is the advantages such as unit weight is light, high temperature resistant, Heat stability is good, thermal conductivity is low, thermal capacitance is little, anti-mechanical vibration are good, expanded by heating is little, heat-proof quality is good, after processing, can be made into the products such as aluminosilicate fiberboard, alumina silicate fiber felt, aluminum silicate fiber rope, alumina silicate fibre blanket.
China is since the production research of the aluminum silicate fiber seventies in last century, the main flint clay that adopts carries out the production of low temperature aluminum silicate fiber, along with the requirement of high-temperature field to aluminum silicate fiber, progressively developed again afterwards with aluminum oxide powder and quartz sand and mixed the production technology of producing aluminum silicate fiber, or add zirconium white, the compositions such as chromic oxide, to improve the technology of aluminum silicate fiber use temperature, and preparation method's processing requirement is high, be the troublesome operation such as grog preparation or process high-temperature calcination step, in order to meet the demand of market to aluminum silicate fiber, the new technique of the numerous and confused exploitation of numerous aluminum silicate fiber manufacturing concerns and scientific research institutions.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of aluminum silicate fiber, preparation method's technique of aluminum silicate fiber provided by the invention is simple, cost is low.
The preparation method who the invention provides a kind of aluminum silicate fiber, comprises the following steps:
The pulverizing of raw mineral materials raw material, melting, fibroblast are obtained to aluminum silicate fiber after processing;
Al in described raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 95%.
Preferably, Al in described raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3quality percentage composition be q, described 0% < q≤45%, Al
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 95%.
Preferably, Al in described raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3quality percentage composition be m, described 45% < m < 48%, Al
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 96%.
Preferably, Al in described raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3quality percentage composition be n, described 48%≤n < 53%, Al
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 98%.
Preferably, Al in described raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3quality percentage composition be more than 53%, Al
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 99%.
Preferably, the particle diameter of described pulverizing is 1～20mm.
Preferably, described raw mineral materials raw material are selected from one or more in kaolinite, diasporite, illite, agalmatolite, alumine, kyanite, sillimanite, andaluzite and quartz sand.
The invention provides a kind of aluminum silicate fiber, by the preparation method described in the claims any one, prepared.
The invention provides a kind of aluminum silicate fibre product, comprise the aluminum silicate fiber described in the claims.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of aluminum silicate fibre product, comprise the preparation method described in the claims any one.
Compared with prior art, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of aluminum silicate fiber, comprise the following steps: the pulverizing of raw mineral materials raw material, melting, fibroblast are obtained to aluminum silicate fiber after processing; Al in described raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 95%.The creationary employing raw mineral materials of inventor raw material are directly prepared aluminum silicate fiber, not only technique is simple, avoided calcination operation, and the aluminum silicate fiber preparing has good insulation, heat-insulating property, can meet the adiabatic heat-insulation needs of the most fields such as electric power, petrochemical industry, metallurgy.
Embodiment
The preparation method who the invention provides a kind of aluminum silicate fiber, comprises the following steps:
The pulverizing of raw mineral materials raw material, melting, fibroblast are obtained to aluminum silicate fiber after processing;
Al in described raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 95%.
In the present invention, take raw mineral materials raw material as raw material, through pulverizing, melting, fibroblast, after processing, obtain aluminum silicate fiber.
Generally believe in the industry at present and only have grog can prepare aluminum silicate fiber, and in raw material mineral, contain free water, water of constitution and other organic composition, these compositions can be discharged with the form of gas in high temperature melt process, can cause the working of a furnace unstable, affect fibroblast quality, also can make the bubbling of high-temperature fusion liquid, have certain danger.Therefore exploitation raw ore raw material out cannot direct production aluminum silicate fiber, so have, any technology is open does not prepare aluminum silicate fiber with raw mineral materials raw material, without any the open raw mineral materials raw material for the preparation of aluminum silicate fiber of technology yet.Contriver creatively finds, raw mineral materials raw material can be directly used in prepares aluminum silicate fiber, process without mature calcined material, and the aluminum silicate fiber preparing has good insulation, heat-insulating property, can under differing temps, use, can meet the needs of the adiabatic heat-insulation of the most fields such as electric power, petrochemical industry, metallurgy.The present invention is not particularly limited described raw mineral materials raw material, and chemical composition meets Al in raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 95% all can.Raw mineral materials raw material of the present invention are preferably selected from one or more in kaolinite, diasporite, illite, agalmatolite, alumine, kyanite, sillimanite, andaluzite and quartz sand.Concrete, can be selected from one or more in kaolinite, diasporite, illite, agalmatolite, alumine, kyanite, sillimanite and andaluzite; Also can be one or more and the mixture of quartz sand in kaolinite, diasporite, illite, agalmatolite, alumine, kyanite, sillimanite and andaluzite.
The present invention is not particularly limited above-mentioned raw mineral materials raw material, and chemical composition composition meets, on ore classification, can be attributed to above-mentioned raw mineral materials raw material, is preferably commercially available.
The present invention directly directly prepares aluminum silicate fiber with raw material, without maturing process such as calcinings.
Kaolinite, claims again kaolin, china clay, carclazyte, white clay, potter's clay etc., with Al
2o
3and SiO
2for main component.The English of diasporite is Diaspore, and chemical formula is that AlOOH molecular weight is 59.99gm.Crystal belongs to quadrature (tiltedly side) crystallographic system and crystallizes into the silicate hydroxide minerals of α phase.Become polymorphic form with the boehmite that crystallizes into γ phase.Diasporite is the oxide mineral of aluminium, is generally white, grey, colourless, can be the color such as red, brown when impure.There is vitreous luster, hard.Be distributed widely in bauxite and laterite and some rock.Can be used as refractory materials, also can be used to refine aluminium.Illite is the female ﹑ potassium felspar sand weathering of common a kind of clay ore deposit thing ﹐ Chang Youbai cloud and become ﹐ and originate in pelyte ﹐ or formed by other mineral alterations.It is often the middle transition mineral that form other clay minerals.Desirable chemistry consists of K
0.75(Al
1.75r Lian) [Si
3.5al
0.5o
10] (OH)
2, crystal mainly belongs to monoclinic moisture laminate structure silicate minerals.In formula, R represents divalent metal, is mainly Mg, Fe etc.Crystalline structure and white mica basic identical, also belongs to the dioctahedron type of 2:1 type structural unit layer.Crystal has the many types of variants such as 1M, 2M, 1Md and 3T.Agalmatolite is a kind of of clay mineral, and belonging to crystalline texture is the stratiform hydrous alumino silicates mineral of 2:1 type.Chemical structural formula is Al
2[Si
4o
10(OH)
2.Agalmatolite quality is fine and smooth, hardness low (1-2).Alumine, is called for short high aluminium material.The essential mineral of high aluminium material is that diaspore and high alumina silica form.Diaspore content increases along with the raising of the ratio of aluminium sesquioxide and silicon-dioxide.Kyanite, has another name called two admants, belongs to silicates mineral, the large natural refractory raw material mineral that are that a kind of refractoriness is high, high volume expands.Kyanite is triclinic(crystalline)system, is conventionally the styloid of flats, has parallel stripes on crystal face.Color is light blue or cyan, bright greyish white etc.Hardness is 5.5-7.0, proportion: 3.53-3.65.In the crystalline structure of sillimanite, [SiO
4] and [AlO
4] two kinds of tetrahedrons are along Z axis alternative arrangement, form aluminosilicate [AlSiO
5] two strands.Andaluzite chemical constitution is Al
2[SiO
5] O, crystal belong to the nesosilicate mineral of quadrature (tiltedly side) crystallographic system.Quartz sand is a kind of nonmetallic mineral, refers to containing the more river sand of silicon-dioxide, extra large sand, Weathered Sand etc., is a kind of silicate minerals of hard, wear-resisting, stable chemical performance, and its essential mineral composition is SiO
2.
The present invention pulverizes raw mineral materials raw material, and the degree of pulverizing can directly affect product.In the present invention, the particle diameter of pulverizing is preferably 1～20mm, more preferably 1～10mm.
Raw material after pulverizing is by its melting.The present invention preferably carries out melting to described raw material in resistance furnace or electric arc furnace, and the temperature of described melting is preferably 1500 ℃～2400 ℃, more preferably 1650 ℃～2200 ℃.
Obtain after fused solution, described fused solution is carried out to fibroblast processing, can obtain aluminum silicate fiber.In the present invention, described fibroblast is processed and can be processed or centrifugal drying silk for winding-up.The present invention without any restriction, can access aluminum silicate fiber to described winding-up processing or centrifugal drying silk.
According to national standard aluminum silicate fiber, be divided into coventional type, standard type, high-purity type and several classes of high alumina type.Dissimilar use temperature is different.
In the present invention, preferred, Al in described raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3quality percentage composition be q, described 0% < q≤45%, Al
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 95%.
The pulverizing of above-mentioned raw mineral materials raw material, melting, fibroblast are obtained to aluminum silicate fiber after processing; The technique processed in the kind of these raw mineral materials raw material, pulverizing, melting, fibroblast is equal and above-mentionedly mention identically, does not repeat them here.Meeting aluminum silicate fiber prepared by above-mentioned percentage composition is coventional type aluminum silicate fiber, reaches the standard of the coventional type aluminum silicate fiber of national regulation, and its use temperature is in 1000 ℃.
In the present invention, preferred, Al in described raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3quality percentage composition be m, described 45% < m < 48%, Al
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 96%.
The pulverizing of above-mentioned raw mineral materials raw material, melting, fibroblast are obtained to aluminum silicate fiber after processing; The technique processed in the kind of these raw mineral materials raw material, pulverizing, melting, fibroblast is equal and above-mentionedly mention identically, does not repeat them here.Meeting aluminum silicate fiber prepared by above-mentioned percentage composition is standard type aluminum silicate fiber, reaches the standard of state specified standards type aluminum silicate fiber, and its use temperature is in 1200 ℃.
In the present invention, preferred, Al in described raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3quality percentage composition be n, described 48%≤n < 53%, Al
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 98%.
The pulverizing of above-mentioned raw mineral materials raw material, melting, fibroblast are obtained to aluminum silicate fiber after processing; The technique processed in the kind of these raw mineral materials raw material, pulverizing, melting, fibroblast is equal and above-mentionedly mention identically, does not repeat them here.Meeting aluminum silicate fiber prepared by above-mentioned percentage composition is the standard that high-purity type aluminum silicate fiber reaches high-purity type aluminum silicate fiber of national regulation, and its use temperature is in 1250 ℃.
In the present invention, preferred, Al in described raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3quality percentage composition be more than 53%, Al
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 99%.
The pulverizing of above-mentioned raw mineral materials raw material, melting, fibroblast are obtained to aluminum silicate fiber after processing; The technique processed in the kind of these raw mineral materials raw material, pulverizing, melting, fibroblast is equal and above-mentionedly mention identically, does not repeat them here.Meeting aluminum silicate fiber prepared by above-mentioned percentage composition is high alumina type aluminum silicate fiber, reaches the standard of the high alumina type aluminum silicate fiber of national regulation, and its use temperature is in 1350 ℃.
The invention provides a kind of aluminum silicate fiber, by the preparation method described in the claims any one, prepared.
The invention provides a kind of aluminum silicate fibre product, comprise the aluminum silicate fiber described in the claims.Aluminum silicate fibre product of the present invention includes but not limited to the aluminum silicate fibre products such as blanket shape, felted, tabular, chunk, textiles and paper.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of aluminum silicate fibre product, comprise the preparation method described in the claims any one.
The diameter of aluminum silicate fiber provided by the invention is preferably 1 μ m～15 μ m, and staple length is preferably 5mm～100mm, and slag ball content is preferably lower than 30%.
Aluminum silicate fiber provided by the invention has the advantages such as quality is light, thermal conductivity is low, is a kind of new energy-saving material.
The preparation method who the invention provides a kind of aluminum silicate fiber, comprises the following steps: the pulverizing of raw mineral materials raw material, melting, fibroblast are obtained to aluminum silicate fiber after processing; Al in described raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 95%.The creationary employing raw mineral materials of inventor raw material are directly prepared aluminum silicate fiber, not only technique is simple, avoided calcination operation, and the aluminum silicate fiber preparing has good insulation, heat-insulating property, can meet the adiabatic heat-insulation needs of the most fields such as electric power, petrochemical industry, metallurgy.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, aluminum silicate fiber provided by the invention and preparation method thereof is described, protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
Mass percent is consisted of: Al
2o
327.5%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
295.5%, diasporite raw material crushing to the granularity of other composition mass percent total amount <10% is 20mm, joins in resistance furnace melting at 2000 ℃; High temperature solution gets rid of silk by high speed centrifugation device and becomes coventional type cellucotton, and cellucotton chemical index is: Al
2o
331.2%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
296.7%, other composition mass percent total amount <10%.Cellucotton diameter is 1 μ m～15 μ m, and staple length is 5mm～100mm, and slag ball content is 26%.
Embodiment 2
Mass percent is consisted of: Al
2o
342.5%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
295.0%, illite raw material crushing to the granularity of other composition mass percent total amount <10% is 15mm, joins in resistance furnace melting at 2000 ℃, high temperature solution is made coventional type cellucotton by blowing device, and cellucotton chemical index is: Al
2o
343.5%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
295.9%, other composition mass percent total amount <10%.Fibre diameter 1 μ m～10 μ m, staple length 5mm～60mm, slag ball content 24%.
Embodiment 3
Mass percent is consisted of: Al
2o
341.5%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
295.5%, agalmatolite raw material crushing to the granularity of other composition mass percent total amount <10% is 10mm, joins in electric arc furnace melting at 2000 ℃, high temperature solution is made coventional type cellucotton by blowing device, and cellucotton chemical index is: Al
2o
343.5%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
295.8%, other composition mass percent total amount <10%.Fibre diameter 1 μ m～10 μ m, staple length 5mm～30mm, slag ball content 20%.
Embodiment 4
Mass percent is consisted of: Al
2o
345.5%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
296.8%, kaolinite raw material crushing to the granularity of other composition mass percent total amount <10% is 10mm, joins in resistance furnace melting at 2100 ℃, high temperature solution gets rid of silk by high speed centrifugation device and becomes standard type cellucotton, and cellucotton chemical index is: Al
2o
346.5%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
297.2%, other composition mass percent total amount <10%.Fibre diameter 1 μ m～15 μ m, staple length 5mm～100mm, slag ball content 22%.
Embodiment 5
Mass percent is consisted of: Al
2o
346.5%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
297.0%, alumine and quartz sand raw material crushing to the granularity of other composition mass percent total amount <10% are 8mm, join in resistance furnace melting at 2100 ℃, high temperature solution is made standard type cellucotton by blowing device, and cellucotton chemical index is: Al
2o
347.0%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
298.0%, other composition mass percent total amount <10%.Fibre diameter 1 μ m～10 μ m, staple length 5mm～60mm, slag ball content 23%.
Embodiment 6
Mass percent is consisted of: Al
2o
348.5%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
298.3%, kaolinite raw material crushing to the granularity of other composition mass percent total amount <10% is 5mm, joins in electric arc furnace melting at 2100 ℃, it is cotton that high temperature solution is made high-purity fiber type by blowing device, and cellucotton chemical index is: Al
2o
348.9%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
298.6%, other composition mass percent total amount <10%.Fibre diameter 1 μ m～10 μ m, staple length 5mm～30mm, slag ball content 26%.
Embodiment 7
Mass percent is consisted of: Al
2o
350.0%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
298.5%, it is 7mm that the alumine of other composition mass percent total amount <10% is crushed to granularity, joins in resistance furnace melting at 2200 ℃, high temperature solution gets rid of silk by high speed centrifugation device and becomes high-purity fiber type cotton, and cellucotton chemical index is: Al
2o
351.0%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
298.9%, other composition mass percent total amount <10%.Fibre diameter 1 μ m～15 μ m, staple length 5mm～100mm, slag ball content 20%.
Embodiment 8
Mass percent is consisted of: Al
2o
353.0%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
299.0%, kyanite raw material crushing to the granularity of other composition mass percent total amount <10% is 10mm, joins in resistance furnace melting at 2200 ℃, it is cotton that high temperature solution is made high alumina fiber type by blowing device, and cellucotton chemical index is: Al
2o
353.3%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
299.4%, other composition mass percent total amount <10%.Fibre diameter 1 μ m～10 μ m, staple length 5mm～60mm, slag ball content 13%.
Embodiment 9
Mass percent is consisted of: Al
2o
355.0%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
299.3%, sillimanite raw material crushing to the granularity of other composition mass percent total amount <10% is 50mm, joins in electric arc furnace melting at 2200 ℃, it is cotton that high temperature solution is made high alumina fiber type by blowing device, and cellucotton chemical index is: Al
2o
355.6%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
299.7%, other composition mass percent total amount <10%.Fibre diameter 1 μ m～10 μ m, staple length 5mm～30mm, slag ball content 12%.
Embodiment 10
Mass percent is consisted of: Al
2o
356.0%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
299.3%, andaluzite raw material crushing to the granularity of other composition mass percent total amount <10% is 50mm, joins in electric arc furnace melting at 2200 ℃, it is cotton that high temperature solution is made high alumina fiber type by blowing device, and cellucotton chemical index is: Al
2o
356.6%, Al
2o
3+ SiO
299.7%, other composition mass percent total amount <10%.Fibre diameter 1 μ m～10 μ m, staple length 5mm～30mm, slag ball content 10%.
Embodiment 11
The cellucotton of embodiment 1～10 preparation is made to tapetum fibrosum, measure its heating permanent line and change, result shows, the tapetum fibrosum that the cellucotton of embodiment 1～3 preparation is made is in the time of 1000 ℃, and it is 2.7% that its heating permanent line changes (shrinking percentage); The tapetum fibrosum that the cellucotton of embodiment 4～5 preparations is made is in the time of 1200 ℃, and it is 3.1% that its heating permanent line changes (shrinking percentage); The tapetum fibrosum that the cellucotton of embodiment 6～7 preparations is made is in the time of 1250 ℃, and it is 3.8% that its heating permanent line changes (shrinking percentage); The tapetum fibrosum that the cellucotton of embodiment 8～10 preparations is made is in the time of 1350 ℃, and it is 3.7% that its heating permanent line changes (shrinking percentage).
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for aluminum silicate fiber, comprises the following steps:
The pulverizing of raw mineral materials raw material, melting, fibroblast are obtained to aluminum silicate fiber after processing;
Al in described raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 95%.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, Al in described raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3quality percentage composition be q, described 0% < q≤45%, Al
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 95%.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, Al in described raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3quality percentage composition be m, described 45% < m < 48%, Al
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 96%.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, Al in described raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3quality percentage composition be n, described 48%≤n < 53%, Al
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 98%.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, Al in described raw mineral materials raw material
2o
3quality percentage composition be more than 53%, Al
2o
3and SiO
2quality percentage composition sum be more than 99%.
6. according to the preparation method described in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described pulverizing is 1～20mm.
7. according to the preparation method described in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, described raw mineral materials raw material are selected from one or more in kaolinite, diasporite, illite, agalmatolite, alumine, kyanite, sillimanite, andaluzite and quartz sand.
8. an aluminum silicate fiber, is characterized in that, by the preparation method described in claim 1-7 any one, is prepared.
9. an aluminum silicate fibre product, is characterized in that, comprises aluminum silicate fiber claimed in claim 8.
10. a preparation method for aluminum silicate fibre product, is characterized in that, comprises the preparation method described in claim 1-7 any one.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109180122A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-11 | 界首永恩机电科技有限公司 | A kind of gypsum mold of high bent toughness |
| CN111396650A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-07-10 | 周明 | High-temperature high-pressure steam boiler hose and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1422820A (en) * | 2001-12-01 | 2003-06-11 | 山东鲁阳股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing aluminium silicate ceramic fiber using coalgangue and its use |
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2014
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| CN86103786A (en) * | 1985-05-29 | 1986-11-26 | 曼维尔服务公司 | Low shrinkage kaolin refractory fiber and manufacture method |
| CN1051338A (en) * | 1989-11-02 | 1991-05-15 | 湖南省新化县电子器件厂 | Direct method with clay pit system aluminum silicate fiber |
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| CN109180122A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-11 | 界首永恩机电科技有限公司 | A kind of gypsum mold of high bent toughness |
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| CN111396650A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-07-10 | 周明 | High-temperature high-pressure steam boiler hose and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104129921B (en) | 2017-05-31 |
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