CN104129824A - Method for heat-engine plant desulfurization wastewater comprehensive treatment and dust particle emission reduction - Google Patents
Method for heat-engine plant desulfurization wastewater comprehensive treatment and dust particle emission reduction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种火电厂脱硫废水综合治理及粉尘颗粒物减排方法，适用于火电厂烟气湿法脱硫后产生废水及其它含盐量高废水，其在废液蒸干塔中利用烟气的热量及高温调节热风对雾化喷嘴喷入废液进行蒸发固化处理，废液蒸干后残余物跟烟气中粉尘颗粒物混合在一起，聚集为大颗粒物在重力和离心力作用下沉积在废液蒸干塔底部，经灰渣系统排出；烟气中细颗粒物则随烟气一起通过废液蒸干塔顶部进入电除尘器而被除掉。该方法处理脱硫废水简单有效，细小颗粒物与液滴聚集形成大颗粒物沉降于废液蒸干塔的底部，可减少电厂粉尘颗粒物排放，具有工艺简单，增加除尘器入口烟气湿度，实现电厂脱硫废水真正意义上的零排放和减少粉尘颗粒物对大气环境污染。
The invention discloses a method for comprehensive treatment of desulfurization waste water in a thermal power plant and a method for reducing emission of dust particles, which is suitable for waste water and other waste water with high salt content produced after the wet desulfurization of flue gas in a thermal power plant, which utilizes flue gas in a waste liquid evaporation tower The heat and high temperature are adjusted by the hot air to spray the waste liquid into the atomizing nozzle for evaporation and solidification treatment. After the waste liquid is evaporated to dryness, the residue is mixed with the dust particles in the flue gas, and aggregated into large particles, which are deposited on the waste liquid under the action of gravity and centrifugal force. The bottom of the evaporation tower is discharged through the ash system; the fine particles in the flue gas pass through the top of the waste liquid evaporation tower together with the flue gas and enter the electrostatic precipitator to be removed. The method is simple and effective in treating desulfurization wastewater. Fine particles and droplets aggregate to form large particles and settle at the bottom of the waste liquid evaporation tower, which can reduce the emission of dust and particulate matter in power plants. The true sense of zero emissions and reduce dust particles on the air pollution.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及适用于火电厂脱硫废水和烟气净化技术领域，尤其涉及一种火电厂脱硫废水综合治理及粉尘颗粒物减排方法。 The invention relates to the technical field of desulfurization wastewater and flue gas purification applicable to thermal power plants, in particular to a comprehensive treatment of desulfurization wastewater in thermal power plants and a method for reducing emission of dust particles.
背景技术 Background technique
目前，火电厂减少二氧化硫排放途径主要有：燃烧前脱硫、燃烧中脱硫和燃烧后脱硫，即烟气脱硫。烟气脱硫被认为是控制二氧化硫排放量最行之有效的途径。石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫工艺因其适用煤种范围广、适用煤种含硫量范围大、脱硫效率高、系统可用率高、吸收剂利用率高、石灰石来源丰富且廉价、工艺成熟、运行可靠性高等优势，成为现阶段世界范围内应用最为广泛的烟气脱硫工艺。但在石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫工艺过程中会产生大量的脱硫废水，需处理才能达标排放。脱硫废水与火电厂一般的工业废水相比，水质比较特殊，主要表现在以下几个方面：（1）废水呈弱酸性，PH 为4～6；（2）悬浮物含量高，但颗粒细小，主要成份是石膏，其次还有来自烟气的飞灰、脱硫过程中加入碳酸钙以及亚硫酸钙等；（3）废水中含有可溶性氯化物、氟化物等；（4）废水中含有Ca、Mg、Na、Pb、Cd、Cr、Ni、Hg、Co、Cu、Al、Zn、Mn等金属元素，其中大部分是火电厂现行污水排放标准（GB8978-1996）中限制的重金属元素；（5）从水质指标看，脱硫废水中化学耗氧量也是超标项目之一。由此带来的脱硫废水处理问题也成为火力发电厂设计、生产和科研中的一个新问题。 At present, the main ways to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions in thermal power plants are: desulfurization before combustion, desulfurization during combustion and desulfurization after combustion, that is, flue gas desulfurization. Flue gas desulfurization is considered to be the most effective way to control sulfur dioxide emissions. The limestone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurization process has a wide range of applicable coal types, a large range of sulfur content in the applicable coal types, high desulfurization efficiency, high system availability, high utilization rate of absorbent, abundant and cheap limestone sources, and mature technology. With the advantages of high operational reliability, it has become the most widely used flue gas desulfurization process in the world at this stage. However, during the limestone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurization process, a large amount of desulfurization wastewater will be generated, which needs to be treated to meet the discharge standards. Compared with general industrial wastewater from thermal power plants, desulfurization wastewater has special water quality, mainly in the following aspects: (1) The wastewater is weakly acidic, with a pH of 4 to 6; (2) The content of suspended solids is high, but the particles are small, The main component is gypsum, followed by fly ash from flue gas, calcium carbonate and calcium sulfite added in the desulfurization process; (3) Wastewater contains soluble chloride, fluoride, etc.; (4) Wastewater contains Ca, Mg , Na, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Hg, Co, Cu, Al, Zn, Mn and other metal elements, most of which are heavy metal elements restricted in the current sewage discharge standard of thermal power plants (GB8978-1996); (5) From the perspective of water quality indicators, the chemical oxygen demand in desulfurization wastewater is also one of the items exceeding the standard. The resulting desulfurization wastewater treatment problem has also become a new problem in the design, production and scientific research of thermal power plants.
当前，火力发电厂脱硫废水常采用中和、沉淀、絮凝及浓缩与澄清的传统化学处理方法，但化学方法处理成本高，且需不断添加化学药品，耗费人力，不能循环利用。另化学方法处理后废水中氯离子仍无法去除。目前，全国90%及以上的火力发电机组使用湿法脱硫技术，以及钢铁行业的脱硫处理，产生大量的脱硫废水。 At present, traditional chemical treatment methods of neutralization, precipitation, flocculation, concentration and clarification are often used for desulfurization wastewater in thermal power plants. However, chemical treatment costs are high, and chemicals need to be continuously added, which is labor-intensive and cannot be recycled. In addition, chlorine ions in wastewater cannot be removed after chemical treatment. At present, 90% or more of the country's thermal power generation units use wet desulfurization technology, as well as desulfurization treatment in the iron and steel industry, resulting in a large amount of desulfurization wastewater.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
针对现有技术中存在的上述不足，本发明提供了一种火电厂脱硫废水综合治理及粉尘颗粒物减排方法，该方法利用火电厂烟气对脱硫废水，或其它难以回收利用含盐量高的废水，先通过压滤机分离处理，后进行蒸发固化处理，具有成本低、不占地、工艺简单的特点，且可有效解决电厂转弯烟道积灰的问题，减少电厂检修工作量。 Aiming at the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for comprehensive treatment of desulfurization wastewater in thermal power plants and a method for reducing emission of dust particles. Wastewater is first separated and treated by filter press, and then evaporated and solidified. It has the characteristics of low cost, no land occupation, and simple process. It can effectively solve the problem of dust accumulation in the turning flue of the power plant and reduce the maintenance workload of the power plant.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用了如下技术方案： In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
火电厂脱硫废水综合治理及粉尘颗粒物减排方法，该方法包括如下步骤： A method for comprehensive treatment of desulfurization wastewater from a thermal power plant and a method for reducing emission of dust particles, the method comprising the following steps:
1）将经脱硫塔脱硫后的废水经废液泵抽吸并通过管道输送进沉降池，在沉降池中经过初步沉降和分离； 1) The wastewater desulfurized by the desulfurization tower is sucked by the waste liquid pump and transported into the sedimentation tank through the pipeline, and undergoes preliminary settlement and separation in the sedimentation tank;
2）沉降池上部的清液在输液泵作用下经精过滤器过滤后通过管道输送到介质雾化喷嘴，在雾化喷嘴的雾化作用下喷入废液蒸干塔； 2) The clear liquid in the upper part of the settling tank is filtered by the fine filter under the action of the infusion pump, and then transported to the medium atomizing nozzle through the pipeline, and sprayed into the waste liquid evaporation tower under the atomization effect of the atomizing nozzle;
3）雾化喷嘴所需的压缩空气则是在空压机的作用下通过管道进入换热器，由换热器加热到一定的温度后，送入雾化喷嘴； 3) The compressed air required by the atomizing nozzle enters the heat exchanger through the pipeline under the action of the air compressor, and is heated by the heat exchanger to a certain temperature before being sent to the atomizing nozzle;
4）废水经雾化喷嘴后在废液蒸干塔中被雾化为细小液滴，来自空气预热器的烟气从废液蒸干塔的下部进入，来自空气预热器空气出口支路中的热空气经调节阀从废液蒸干塔底部的风嘴喷入，细小液滴与烟气和热空气在废液蒸干塔内混合被加热到饱和温度，直至蒸干； 4) The waste water is atomized into fine droplets in the waste liquid evaporation tower after passing through the atomizing nozzle. The hot air in the waste liquid evaporation tower is sprayed from the air nozzle at the bottom of the waste liquid evaporation tower through the regulating valve, and the fine droplets are mixed with flue gas and hot air in the waste liquid evaporation tower and heated to the saturation temperature until evaporated to dryness;
5）烟气中细颗粒物与废液蒸干后的残余物发生碰撞和团聚作用，形成大颗粒物，大颗粒物在重力和离心力作用下沉积在废液蒸干塔的底部并从废液蒸干塔的底部排出，其它小颗粒物则随烟气经废液蒸干塔的顶部进入电除尘器中被脱除； 5) The fine particles in the flue gas collide and agglomerate with the residue after the waste liquid is evaporated to dryness to form large particles, which are deposited at the bottom of the waste liquid evaporation tower under the action of gravity and centrifugal force and are discharged from the waste liquid evaporation tower The bottom of the waste liquid is discharged, and other small particles enter the electrostatic precipitator along with the flue gas through the top of the waste liquid evaporation tower to be removed;
6）沉降池底沉积含污泥大的废液在刮泥机的作用下，将池底污泥刮至池中间最低处，在污泥泵作用下通过管道输送进压滤机，经压滤机分离作用，固体物进灰渣系统，液体物通过管道返回沉降池。 6) The waste liquid with a large amount of sludge deposited at the bottom of the settling tank is scraped to the lowest point in the middle of the tank under the action of the sludge scraper, and is transported into the filter press through the pipeline under the action of the sludge pump, and then filtered The machine separates the solid matter into the ash and slag system, and the liquid matter returns to the settling tank through the pipeline.
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述雾化喷嘴安装在废液蒸干塔上的烟气入口的上部，雾化喷嘴为多个并均匀分布在废液蒸干塔内壁圆周上，雾化喷嘴喷出的废水与烟气入口通入的烟气流向形成垂直交叉。 As a preferred solution of the present invention, the atomizing nozzle is installed on the upper part of the flue gas inlet on the waste liquid evaporation tower, and the atomization nozzles are multiple and evenly distributed on the inner wall circumference of the waste liquid evaporation tower. The waste water ejected from the nozzle is vertically intersected with the flow direction of the flue gas from the flue gas inlet.
作为本发明的另一种优选方案，压缩空气与脱硫废水进入雾化喷嘴内的压力比为0.25～0.6，经雾化喷嘴雾化后的液滴粒径为0～200μm，速度为50～100m/s。 As another preferred solution of the present invention, the pressure ratio of the compressed air and the desulfurization wastewater entering the atomizing nozzle is 0.25-0.6, and the particle size of the droplets atomized by the atomizing nozzle is 0-200 μm, and the speed is 50-100 m /s.
作为本发明的一种改进方案，换热器中加热介质为蒸汽，蒸汽来源于电厂辅助联箱的蒸汽、锅炉出口蒸汽经减温减压的新蒸汽或汽轮机低压端抽出的蒸汽。 As an improved solution of the present invention, the heating medium in the heat exchanger is steam, and the steam comes from the steam from the auxiliary header of the power plant, the new steam from the boiler outlet steam that has been reduced in temperature and pressure, or the steam extracted from the low-pressure end of the steam turbine.
作为本发明的进一步改进方案，在废液蒸干塔的底部圆周上均匀分布多个风嘴，风嘴的出口倾斜向上。 As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of air nozzles are evenly distributed on the bottom circumference of the waste liquid evaporation tower, and the outlets of the air nozzles are inclined upward.
本发明作为脱硫塔前置烟气处理技术，热烟气在此得到加湿降温，可以代替脱硫吸收塔入口的喷水降温处理，且增加烟气湿度。这样使脱硫吸收塔内水分蒸发损失降低，相当于循环利用脱硫过程中的部分用水。与现有技术相比，本发明还具有如下优点： The present invention is used as the pre-flue gas treatment technology of the desulfurization tower, where the hot flue gas is humidified and cooled, which can replace the water spray cooling treatment at the entrance of the desulfurization absorption tower, and increase the humidity of the flue gas. In this way, the evaporation loss of water in the desulfurization absorption tower is reduced, which is equivalent to recycling part of the water in the desulfurization process. Compared with the prior art, the present invention also has the following advantages:
1、本发明利用火力发电厂空气预热器和电除尘器之间具有高差烟道，中间设置废液蒸干塔，利用进入废液蒸干塔烟气热量和塔底通入高温空气对脱硫废水进行雾化蒸发处理，废水中的微米级细小固体颗粒、各种离子、重金属元素干燥结晶后和灰尘混合在烟气中，大颗粒物沉降于塔底并排出，小颗粒物随烟气进入电除尘器被电极捕捉，随灰一起外排，废水蒸汽随烟气外排，这样不仅能够实现脱硫废水真正的零排放，减少电厂粉尘颗粒物的排放，符合环保的现实要求，而且可以节约传统化学方法中的处理成本。 1. The present invention utilizes a flue with a height difference between the air preheater and the electrostatic precipitator of a thermal power plant, and a waste liquid evaporation tower is arranged in the middle, and utilizes the heat of the flue gas entering the waste liquid evaporation tower and the high-temperature air at the bottom of the tower to The desulfurization wastewater is treated by atomization and evaporation. The micron-sized fine solid particles, various ions, and heavy metal elements in the wastewater are dried and crystallized and mixed with dust in the flue gas. The large particles settle at the bottom of the tower and are discharged. The dust collector is captured by the electrode and discharged together with the ash, and the waste water steam is discharged together with the flue gas. This can not only realize the real zero discharge of desulfurization waste water, reduce the discharge of dust particles in power plants, meet the actual requirements of environmental protection, but also save traditional chemical methods. processing costs in .
2、通过本发明方法能方便解决当前脱硫废水处理难题，且工艺方法简单、投资和运行成本低。 2. The current desulfurization wastewater treatment problem can be conveniently solved by the method of the present invention, and the process method is simple, and the investment and operation costs are low.
3、充分利用烟气的热量和外加高温压缩空气介质雾化与扰动，可加速废液快速蒸干，并保证废液蒸干塔内烟气温度始终保持在烟气酸露点温度之上，且可改善烟气进入电除尘器的湿度，提高了电除尘器除尘效果。 3. Make full use of the heat of the flue gas and the atomization and disturbance of the high-temperature compressed air medium to accelerate the rapid evaporation of the waste liquid, and ensure that the temperature of the flue gas in the waste liquid evaporation tower is always kept above the acid dew point temperature of the flue gas, and It can improve the humidity of flue gas entering the electrostatic precipitator, and improve the dust removal effect of the electrostatic precipitator.
4、该方法投入市场运行以后，可取代现有各种脱硫废水处理技术在火力发电机组中使用。将会较大程度降低脱硫废水处理成本和设备维护费用，在燃煤火力发电机组等脱硫废水中推广使用，市场前景巨大。 4. After the method is put into market operation, it can replace various existing desulfurization wastewater treatment technologies and be used in thermal power generating units. It will greatly reduce the cost of desulfurization wastewater treatment and equipment maintenance costs, and it will be popularized and used in desulfurization wastewater such as coal-fired thermal power generation units, with a huge market prospect.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为火电厂脱硫废水综合治理及粉尘颗粒物减排装置的结构示意图。 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the comprehensive treatment of desulfurization wastewater in thermal power plants and the reduction of dust and particulate matter.
附图中：1—雾化喷嘴； 2—精过滤器； 3—输液泵； 4—沉降池； 5—废液泵； 6—污泥泵； 7—压滤机； 8—刮泥机； 9—风嘴； 10—废液蒸干塔； 11—调节阀； 12—换热器； 13—空压机； 14—烟气入口。 In the attached drawings: 1—atomizing nozzle; 2—fine filter; 3—infusion pump; 4—sedimentation tank; 5—waste pump; 6—sludge pump; 7—filter press; 8—scraper; 9—air nozzle; 10—waste liquid evaporation tower; 11—regulating valve; 12—heat exchanger; 13—air compressor; 14—flue gas inlet.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细地描述。 The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
火电厂脱硫废水综合治理及粉尘颗粒物减排方法，在该方法中采用了火电厂脱硫废水综合治理及粉尘颗粒物减排装置，如图1所示，该装置包括废液蒸干塔10、精过滤器2、输液泵3、沉降池4、刮泥机8、废液泵5、污泥泵6、压滤机7、调节阀11、空压机13和换热器12，在废液蒸干塔10的下部圆周上均匀设置多个雾化喷嘴1，在废液蒸干塔10的底部圆周上均匀设置多个风嘴9，风嘴9的出口倾斜向上。在废液蒸干塔10上设置有烟气入口14，烟气入口14的位置高度在风嘴9和雾化喷嘴1之间，刮泥机8设置在沉降池4的底部，可防止污泥吸附于沉降池4的底部，便于将含污泥大废液及时抽走，沉降池4的入口与外部脱硫塔的废液泵5通过废水输送管道相连。 Thermal power plant desulfurization waste water comprehensive treatment and dust particle emission reduction method, in this method adopted a thermal power plant desulfurization waste water comprehensive treatment and dust particle emission reduction device, as shown in Figure 1, the device includes a waste liquid evaporation tower 10, a fine filter Device 2, infusion pump 3, settling tank 4, mud scraper 8, waste liquid pump 5, sludge pump 6, filter press 7, regulating valve 11, air compressor 13 and heat exchanger 12, evaporate the waste liquid to dryness A plurality of atomizing nozzles 1 are evenly arranged on the lower circumference of the tower 10, and a plurality of air nozzles 9 are evenly arranged on the bottom circumference of the waste liquid evaporation tower 10, and the outlets of the air nozzles 9 are inclined upward. A flue gas inlet 14 is arranged on the waste liquid evaporation tower 10, the position height of the flue gas inlet 14 is between the air nozzle 9 and the atomizing nozzle 1, and the mud scraper 8 is arranged at the bottom of the settling tank 4, which can prevent sludge Adsorbed at the bottom of the settling tank 4, it is convenient to pump out the large waste liquid containing sludge in time. The entrance of the settling tank 4 is connected with the waste liquid pump 5 of the external desulfurization tower through the waste water delivery pipeline.
该方法包括如下步骤： The method comprises the steps of:
1）将经脱硫塔脱硫后的废水经废液泵5抽吸并通过管道输送进沉降池4，在沉降池4中经过初步沉降和分离。 1) The wastewater desulfurized by the desulfurization tower is sucked by the waste liquid pump 5 and transported into the sedimentation tank 4 through the pipeline, where it undergoes preliminary sedimentation and separation.
2）沉降池4上部的清液在输液泵3作用下经精过滤器2过滤后通过管道输送到介质雾化喷嘴1，在雾化喷嘴1的雾化作用下喷入废液蒸干塔10。 2) The clear liquid on the upper part of the settling tank 4 is filtered by the fine filter 2 under the action of the infusion pump 3, and then transported to the medium atomizing nozzle 1 through the pipeline, and sprayed into the waste liquid evaporation tower 10 under the atomization effect of the atomizing nozzle 1 .
可将进入喷嘴前脱硫废水预先进行加热处理，让其温度控制在95℃左右（即其沸点温度以下），再跟压缩空气进行混合，经喷嘴喷入废液蒸干塔，这样可加快废液在废液蒸干塔中蒸干速度，减少蒸干时间，可进一步控制蒸干塔内烟气温度降低幅度，保证蒸干塔内烟气温度在烟气酸露点温度之上。 The desulfurization wastewater before entering the nozzle can be pre-heated to control its temperature at about 95°C (that is, below its boiling point temperature), then mixed with compressed air, and sprayed into the waste liquid evaporation tower through the nozzle, which can speed up the waste liquid. The evaporation speed in the waste liquid evaporation tower and the reduction of the evaporation time can further control the temperature reduction of the flue gas in the evaporation tower to ensure that the temperature of the flue gas in the evaporation tower is above the acid dew point temperature of the flue gas.
3）雾化喷嘴1所需的压缩空气则是在空压机13的作用下通过管道进入换热器12，由换热器12加热到一定的温度后，送入雾化喷嘴1。 3) The compressed air required by the atomizing nozzle 1 enters the heat exchanger 12 through the pipe under the action of the air compressor 13, and is heated by the heat exchanger 12 to a certain temperature before being sent to the atomizing nozzle 1.
4）废水经雾化喷嘴1后在废液蒸干塔10中被雾化为细小液滴，来自空气预热器的烟气从废液蒸干塔10的下部进入，来自空气预热器空气出口支路中的热空气（通常温度在300℃～400℃）经调节阀11从废液蒸干塔10下部风嘴9喷入，细小液滴与烟气和热空气在废液蒸干塔10内混合被加热到饱和温度，直至蒸干。脱硫废水通过泵加压与压缩空气按一定比例混合后经雾化喷嘴雾化，压缩空气先经加压后加热，压缩空气与脱硫废水进入雾化喷嘴1内的压力比为0.25～0.6，经雾化喷嘴1雾化后的液滴粒径为0～200μm，速度为50～100m/s。雾化喷嘴1安装在废液蒸干塔10上的烟气入口14的上部，雾化喷嘴1为多个并均匀分布在废液蒸干塔10内壁圆周上，雾化喷嘴1喷出的废水与烟气入口通入的烟气流向形成垂直交叉射流布置。 4) Wastewater is atomized into fine droplets in the waste liquid evaporation tower 10 after passing through the atomizing nozzle 1, the flue gas from the air preheater enters from the lower part of the waste liquid evaporation tower 10, and the air from the air preheater The hot air in the outlet branch (usually at a temperature of 300°C to 400°C) is sprayed into the air nozzle 9 at the lower part of the waste liquid evaporation tower 10 through the regulating valve 11, and the fine droplets, flue gas and hot air are discharged in the waste liquid evaporation tower. The mixture was heated to saturation temperature within 10 minutes until evaporated to dryness. The desulfurization wastewater is pressurized by the pump and mixed with compressed air in a certain proportion, and then atomized through the atomizing nozzle. The compressed air is first pressurized and then heated. The particle size of the atomized liquid droplets from the atomizing nozzle 1 is 0-200 μm, and the velocity is 50-100 m/s. The atomizing nozzle 1 is installed on the upper part of the flue gas inlet 14 on the waste liquid evaporation tower 10. The atomization nozzles 1 are multiple and evenly distributed on the inner wall circumference of the waste liquid evaporation tower 10. The waste water sprayed by the atomization nozzle 1 The direction of flue gas flowing into the flue gas inlet forms a vertical cross jet arrangement.
换热器12中加热介质为蒸汽，蒸汽来源于电厂辅助联箱的蒸汽、锅炉出口蒸汽经减温减压的新蒸汽或汽轮机低压端抽出的蒸汽。 The heating medium in the heat exchanger 12 is steam, and the steam comes from the steam from the auxiliary header of the power plant, the steam from the outlet steam of the boiler after temperature reduction and pressure reduction, or the steam extracted from the low-pressure end of the steam turbine.
在废液蒸干塔底喷入高温空气，可加强废液蒸干塔10内扰动，增加液滴在废液蒸干塔中停留时间，加快废液蒸干，防止液体集聚于底部，造成设备腐蚀和灰渣的黏结在一起。此外，在废液蒸干塔10顶部出口处可加过滤装置或分离装置，进一步降低烟气中粉尘浓度。 Spraying high-temperature air at the bottom of the waste liquid evaporation tower can strengthen the disturbance in the waste liquid evaporation tower 10, increase the residence time of the droplets in the waste liquid evaporation tower, speed up the waste liquid evaporation, and prevent the liquid from accumulating at the bottom, causing equipment damage. Corrosion and ash bonding together. In addition, a filter device or a separation device can be added at the outlet of the waste liquid evaporation tower 10 top to further reduce the dust concentration in the flue gas.
废液蒸干塔10为喷入废液的迅速蒸干提供足够空间，烟气的热量促使废液蒸发，其底部可经四周均匀微倾向上布置风嘴9喷入多股高温空气加强废液与烟气扰动和换热，进一步加速废液蒸干。 The waste liquid evaporation tower 10 provides enough space for the rapid evaporation of the sprayed waste liquid. The heat of the flue gas promotes the evaporation of the waste liquid, and the bottom of the waste liquid can be sprayed into multiple streams of high-temperature air to strengthen the waste liquid through the air nozzle 9 evenly and slightly inclined around it. Disturbance and heat exchange with the flue gas further accelerate the evaporation of the waste liquid.
5）烟气中细颗粒物与废液蒸干后的残余物发生碰撞和团聚作用，形成大颗粒物，大颗粒物在重力和离心力作用下沉积在废液蒸干塔10的底部并从废液蒸干塔10的底部排出，其它小颗粒物则随烟气经废液蒸干塔10的顶部进入电除尘器中被脱除。 5) The fine particles in the flue gas collide and agglomerate with the residue after the waste liquid is evaporated to dryness to form large particles, which are deposited at the bottom of the waste liquid evaporation tower 10 under the action of gravity and centrifugal force and evaporated to dryness from the waste liquid The bottom of the tower 10 is discharged, and other small particles enter the electrostatic precipitator along with the flue gas through the top of the waste liquid evaporation tower 10 to be removed.
6）沉降池4底沉积含污泥大的废液在刮泥机8的作用下，将池底污泥刮至池中间最低处，在污泥泵6作用下通过管道输送进压滤机7，经压滤机7分离作用，固体物进灰渣系统，液体物通过管道返回沉降池4。 6) The waste liquid with a large amount of sludge deposited at the bottom of the settling tank 4 is scraped to the lowest point in the middle of the tank under the action of the sludge scraper 8, and is transported into the filter press 7 through the pipeline under the action of the sludge pump 6 , through the separation action of the filter press 7, the solid matter enters the ash system, and the liquid matter returns to the settling tank 4 through the pipeline.
可以将废液蒸干塔底的积灰和经压滤机处理后固体废料直接外运进行无害化处置后作为建筑材料或水泥工业原料。 The ash at the bottom of the tower and the solid waste treated by the filter press can be directly transported outside for harmless disposal and used as building materials or raw materials for the cement industry.
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。 Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.
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