Air assistor
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of engineering machinery, is specifically a kind of air assistor.
Background technology
Air assistor links together with brake assembly pump, and object is to utilize the difference of pressure of air to increase braking force, alleviates the foot-operated force intensity of using of people, improves braking effect.
The air assistor of prior art comprises cylinder, hydraulic ram and oil storage cup, hydraulic ram comprises cylinder body, hydraulic piston and piston rod, on cylinder body, be provided with oil feed groove, the leading section cover of hydraulic piston has leather cup, cylinder body is fabricated from iron, hydraulic piston and piston rod are one-body molded by iron, hydraulic piston is arranged at the inwall of cylinder body, the junction of oil storage cup and cylinder body is provided with driving lever, driving lever is oil storage cup is communicated with valve spool with hydraulic actuating cylinder, the leading section of hydraulic piston is provided with the flange coordinating with driving lever, in the time that hydraulic piston compresses, driving lever closes hydraulic actuating cylinder communication valve door seal, in the time that hydraulic piston is return, hydraulic actuating cylinder is communicated with valve open by driving lever, hydraulic oil can enter in cylinder body.Adopt the air assistor of this structure design to have following shortcoming: one, cylinder body is for there being iron to make, and hydraulic piston and piston rod have iron one-body molded, make hydraulic ram seem very heavy, the heaviness of hydraulic ram will cause whole air assistor to seem heavy; Two, hydraulic piston drives back and forth at cylinder body internally-fixed, and hydraulic piston and inboard wall of cylinder block direct friction face are excessive, and friction can produce a large amount of heats for a long time, affects the service life of hydraulic cylinder, finally affects the service life of whole air assistor; Three, the long-term oil starvation of hydraulic piston latter half, oil starvation will cause the wearing and tearing between hydraulic piston and inboard wall of cylinder block to be accelerated, and heat increases, and affects the service life of hydraulic ram, finally affects the service life of whole air assistor; Four, the oil feeding device complex structure being formed by accessories such as the flanges on driving lever, valve and hydraulic piston, and each parts easily damage, and often need to change.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: a kind of simple in structure, light and flexible, braking long air assistor in quick and service life is provided.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of air assistor, comprise cylinder, hydraulic ram and oil storage cup, hydraulic ram comprises cylinder body, hydraulic piston and piston rod, on cylinder body, be provided with oil feed groove, the leading section cover of hydraulic piston has leather cup, described cylinder body is aluminum alloy cylinder body processed, hydraulic piston is aluminum alloy hydraulic piston processed, in hydraulic piston, be provided with cavity, the aft end face of hydraulic piston is provided with the opening being communicated with cavity, on hydraulic piston, be axially provided with interior oilhole, the two ends of interior oilhole are communicated with cavity and the cylinder body chamber that is positioned at hydraulic piston front side respectively, one end of piston rod stretches in cavity and hydraulic piston floating connection from opening, on the excircle of hydraulic piston, radially offer multiple tracks circular radiating groove, wherein in one circular radiating groove, offer multiple fuel return holes, fuel return hole is communicated with cavity, the oblique fuel feed hole that is provided with in bottom of oil feed groove, one end of fuel feed hole is communicated with oil feed groove, the other end is communicated with cylinder body chamber, one end that fuel feed hole is communicated with cylinder body chamber and piston rod are positioned at the homonymy of hydraulic piston.
One end of described piston rod is provided with the connector of round pie, connector is connected with the end of piston rod by a columned connecting portion, the diameter of connecting portion is less than the diameter of piston rod, in cavity, be axially movably set with the oil seal seat for sealing interior oilhole, the front end face of oil seal seat is provided with valve rubber with interior porose corresponding position, on oil seal seat, offer link slot, connector on piston rod is inserted in link slot, piston rod is inserted in link slot and hydraulic piston floating connection by connector, oil seal seat in cavity with piston rod synchronizing shaft to activity, between oil seal seat and the inwall of cavity, left oily passage.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages:
One, described cylinder body and hydraulic piston are made by aluminum alloy, replace ironware, alleviated the weight of whole hydraulic ram, finally alleviated the weight of whole air assistor, simultaneously, piston rod adopts floating connection to replace with the connection mode of hydraulic piston and is fixedly connected with, has improved heat dispersion, not easy to wear between piston and piston rod, simultaneously, make hydraulic ram light and flexible, whole air assistor braking is quick, and air assistor overall performance improves.
Two, the oblique fuel feed hole that is provided with in the bottom of oil feed groove, adopt the direct oil-feed of fuel feed hole of oblique setting, simple in structure, with low cost, easy to maintenance, also solved each accessory in polygamy part oil feeding device, because of the fragile drawback that often needs replacing, has effectively extended the service life of hydraulic ram, thereby has also been extended accordingly the service life of whole air assistor simultaneously.
Three, hydraulic oil can be from hydraulic piston rear side in opening enters cavity, also can enter in cavity through interior oilhole from hydraulic piston front side, realize two-way simultaneous oil-feed, simultaneously, fuel return hole has the function that promotes running of hydraulic power oil, thereby whole hydraulic piston is immersed in hydraulic oil for a long time, improve distributing of heat, efficiently solving hydraulic piston latter half accelerates because long-term oil starvation causes the wearing and tearing between hydraulic piston and inboard wall of cylinder block, the drawback that heat increases, effectively extend the service life of hydraulic ram, thereby also extended accordingly the service life of whole air assistor.
Four, the existence of circular radiating groove has reduced hydraulic piston and inboard wall of cylinder block direct friction face, reduce the heat that hydraulic piston and inboard wall of cylinder block produce because of friction, also strengthened radiating effect simultaneously, effectively extend the service life of hydraulic ram, thereby also extended accordingly the service life of whole air assistor.
As preferably, the quantity of described circular radiating groove is 4 roads, is followed successively by circular radiating groove one, circular radiating groove two, circular radiating groove three and circular radiating groove four from the front portion of hydraulic piston to rear portion, and wherein circular radiating groove two is positioned at the middle part of hydraulic piston.It is the most reasonable that the quantity of circular radiating groove is set to 4 roads, one circular radiating groove is wherein arranged on to the middle part of hydraulic piston, makes the better heat-radiation effect of whole hydraulic piston.
As preferably, described fuel return hole is opened in circular radiating groove two, and the quantity of described fuel return hole is 2, is oppositely arranged on respectively in circular radiating groove two.Fuel return hole is arranged on to the circular radiating groove that is positioned at middle part, promotes that the effect of running of hydraulic power oil is better, radiating effect is better.
As improvement, the interior oiling ring that is embedded with respectively of described circular radiating groove one and circular radiating groove four, the external diameter of oiling ring is greater than the external diameter of hydraulic piston.Oiling ring has been isolated hydraulic piston and the direct of inboard wall of cylinder block contacts, avoided hydraulic piston with inboard wall of cylinder block because directly contacting the wearing and tearing that produce, simultaneously, oiling ring also has rapid heat dissipation, improves lubricated effect, effectively extend the service life of hydraulic ram, thereby also further extended the service life of whole air assistor.
As improvement, described oiling ring is provided with opening.This opening plays buffer action to oiling ring itself, prevents oiling ring fracture, meanwhile, also can accumulate dirt foam and ensure that piston is not stuck.
As improvement, described circular radiating groove three is embedded with O type rubber guide collar.The driving back and forth of piston rod can cause leather cup unbalance stress, leads unstable, and this O type rubber guide collar has elasticity, can play well auxiliary directional tagging.
As improvement, described cylinder comprises gas piston, and described gas piston is aluminum alloy gas piston processed.Gas piston is made up of aluminum alloy, has replaced traditional iron, has further alleviated the weight of whole air assistor, the wearing and tearing that also alleviated gas piston face simultaneously.
As improvement, described hydraulic ram comprises the seal cover cap for sealed cylinder block, and seal cover cap and cylinder body are one-body molded by hollow pressure by aluminum alloy.Adopt this structure design, can further alleviate the weight of hydraulic ram, add man-hour without welding simultaneously and do seal cover cap, do not need to electroplate, improved environmental protection and energy saving effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of air assistor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of oil seal seat in hydraulic ram.
Fig. 3 is that oil seal seat is placed in the structural representation in cavity.
Shown in figure: II, cylinder III, hydraulic ram IV, oil storage cup 1, cylinder body 2, hydraulic piston 3, piston rod 4, oil feed groove 5, cavity 6, opening 7, interior oilhole 8, oil seal seat 81, plane 9, link slot 91, radial groove 92, U-shaped breach 93, limit convex is along 10, fuel feed hole 11, connector 12, connecting portion 13, valve colloid 14, circular radiating groove 1, circular radiating groove 2 16, circular radiating groove 3 17, circular radiating groove 4 18, fuel return hole 19, oiling ring 20, O type rubber guide collar 21, spacing mat 22, jump ring 23, leather cup 24, groove 25, oil outlet 26, cross oily passage 27, gas epithelium lid 28, bell-shaped percussion instrument, used in ancient time by troops on march connects and covers 29, gas piston 30, pull back spring 31, admission port 32, epithelium 33, seal cover cap.
detailed description of the invention
Below by drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.
As shown in Figure 1: a kind of air assistor, comprises cylinder II, hydraulic ram III and oil storage cup IV.Cylinder II comprise by gas epithelium lid 27 and bell-shaped percussion instrument, used in ancient time by troops on march connect cover the 28 lid assemblies that form, be arranged at epithelium 32 in lid assembly, the parts such as gas piston 29, pull back spring 30, on gas epithelium lid 27, be provided with admission port 31.Cylinder II is prior art, and its concrete structure here repeats no more.Described hydraulic ram III comprises cylinder body 1, hydraulic piston 2 and piston rod 3.The front end of cylinder body 1 is provided with oil outlet 25, is provided with oil feed groove 4 on cylinder body 1, and oil storage cup IV is fixed on oil feed groove 4.The leading section cover of piston 2 has leather cup 23.The end of cylinder body 1 is fixed on bell-shaped percussion instrument, used in ancient time by troops on march and connects and cover on 28, and the end of hydraulic piston 2 is fixedly connected with gas piston 29.Cylinder body 1 is aluminum alloy cylinder body 1 processed, and hydraulic piston 2 is aluminum alloy hydraulic piston 2 processed, and cylinder body 1 and hydraulic piston 2 are pressed and formed by high tonnage press.In hydraulic piston 2, be provided with cavity 5, the aft end face of hydraulic piston 2 is provided with the opening 6 being communicated with cavity 5.On hydraulic piston 2, be axially provided with interior oilhole 7, the two ends of interior oilhole 7 are communicated with cavity 5 and the cylinder body chamber that is positioned at hydraulic piston 2 front sides respectively.Above-described cylinder body chamber is the chamber of cylinder body 1 inside.One end of piston rod 3 stretches in cavity 5 and hydraulic piston 2 floating connections from opening 6.On the excircle of hydraulic piston 2, radially offer multiple tracks circular radiating groove, wherein in one circular radiating groove, offer multiple fuel return holes 18, fuel return hole 18 is communicated with cavity 5.Above-described circular radiating groove is exactly the radial ringed groove that is opened in hydraulic piston 2 surfaces in fact.The oblique fuel feed hole 10 that is provided with in bottom of oil feed groove 4, one end of fuel feed hole 10 is communicated with oil feed groove 4, the other end is communicated with cylinder body chamber, one end that fuel feed hole 10 is communicated with cylinder body chamber and piston rod 3 are positioned at the homonymy of hydraulic piston 2, when concrete enforcement, one end that fuel feed hole 10 is communicated with cylinder body chamber is positioned at the top of cylinder body 1 end, so, in the time that hydraulic piston 2 is retracted to cylinder body 1 end, it is indoor that hydraulic oil in oil feed groove 4 can directly fall into cylinder chamber by fuel feed hole 10, specifically on the connecting portion 12 of falling on piston rod 3, enter the cavity 5 of hydraulic piston 2 inside from opening 6 again.
One end of described piston rod 3 is provided with the connector 11 of round pie, and connector 11 is connected with the end of piston rod 3 by a columned connecting portion 12, and the diameter of connecting portion 12 is less than the diameter of piston rod 3.The interior oil seal seat 8 being axially movably set with for sealing interior oilhole 7 of cavity 5, the front end face of oil seal seat 8 is provided with valve rubber 13 with interior porose corresponding position.Valve rubber 13 is prior art, and it has good sealing effectiveness.On oil seal seat 8, offer link slot 9, connector 11 on piston rod 3 is inserted in link slot 9, piston rod 3 is inserted in link slot 9 and hydraulic piston 2 floating connections by connector 11, oil seal seat 8 in cavity 5 with piston rod 3 synchronizing shafts to activity, between oil seal seat 8 and the inwall of cavity 5, left oily passage 26.
Described cavity 5 is cylindric, cavity 5 and cylinder body 1 concentric setting.It is cylindric that oil seal seat 8 is also, the diameter of the diameter of oil seal seat 8 and cavity 5 matches, it is specifically the diameter that the diameter of oil seal seat 8 is slightly less than cavity 5, simultaneously, the height of oil seal seat 8 is less than the height of cavity 5, so that oil seal seat 8 just in time can be placed in cavity 5 and can antero posterior axis to activity, the inwall bearing fit of the outer wall of oil seal seat 8 and cavity 5.On the sidewall of oil seal seat 8, being provided with 4 81,4 planes 81 of plane that cut partial arc is evenly distributed on the sidewall of oil seal seat 8.The passage forming between each plane 81 and the inwall of cavity 5 is the described oily passage 26 of mistake, and concrete structure as shown in Figure 3.On the sidewall of oil seal seat 8, offer a radial groove 91 for accommodating connector 11, the shape and size of the shape and size of radial groove 91 and connector 11 match, so that connector 11 just in time can be placed in this radial groove 91 and have certain free gap.The aft end face of oil seal seat 8 offers the U-shaped breach 92 of inserting for the connecting portion 12 on piston rod 3, and U-shaped breach 92 is interconnected with radial groove 91.On U-shaped breach 92, be also provided with limit convex along 93, when piston rod 3 front and back are when movable, limit convex can be limited to connector 11 in radial groove 91 along 93, and it cannot be departed from from radial groove 91.Radial groove 91, the link slot 9 described in U-shaped breach 92 and limit convex have formed along 93, concrete structure is as shown in Figure 2.Valve rubber 13 is arranged at the center of oil seal seat 8 front end faces, and interior oilhole 7 is positioned at the center of hydraulic piston 2, and the position of valve rubber 13 is corresponding with the position of interior oilhole 7.On the aft end face of hydraulic piston 2, be provided with spacing mat 21, spacing mat 21 can be limited to oil seal seat 8 in cavity 5, and it cannot be departed from from cavity 5.Spacing mat 21 is fixed by a jump ring 22.There is a circular hole at spacing mat 21 center, and this circular hole is described opening 6, and the connecting portion 12 on piston rod 3 is from this circular hole stretches out cavity 5, and the diameter of circular hole is greater than the diameter of connecting portion 12, and hydraulic oil can enter to cavity 5 from this circular hole.In the time that piston rod 3 promotes forward, oil seal seat 8, also to front slide, makes the valve rubber 13 on oil seal seat 8 bonded to each other with interior oilhole 7, and interior oilhole 7 seals, thereby interior moment of cylinder body 1 produces high pressure; In the time that piston rod 3 is retracted, oil seal seat 8 slides backward, and valve rubber on oil seal seat 8 13 departs from mutually with interior oilhole 7, and interior oilhole 7 is opened, and being positioned at the indoor hydraulic oil of the cylinder chamber of hydraulic piston 2 front sides and the hydraulic oil of cavity 5 can flow mutually.
The quantity of described circular radiating groove is 4 roads, and 4 road circular radiating grooves are evenly distributed on hydraulic piston 2.Be followed successively by circular radiating groove 1, circular radiating groove 2 15, circular radiating groove 3 16 and circular radiating groove 4 17 to rear portion from the front portion of hydraulic piston 2, wherein circular radiating groove 2 15 is positioned at the middle part of hydraulic piston 2.It is the most reasonable that the quantity of circular radiating groove is set to 4 roads, one circular radiating groove is wherein arranged on to the middle part of hydraulic piston 2, makes the better heat-radiation effect of whole hydraulic piston 2.Fuel return hole 18 is opened in circular radiating groove 2 15, and the quantity of fuel return hole 18 is 2, is oppositely arranged on respectively in circular radiating groove 2 15.Fuel return hole 18 is arranged on to the circular radiating groove that is positioned at middle part, promotes that the effect of running of hydraulic power oil is better, radiating effect is better.
The interior oiling ring 19 that is embedded with respectively of described circular radiating groove 1 and circular radiating groove 4 17.When concrete enforcement, described oiling ring 19 adopts polytetrafluoroethylene to make, and the heat impedance of finished product oiling ring 19 is up to 280 DEG C, and resistance to cold is minimum is-100 DEG C, simultaneously resistance to abrasion and good.The external diameter of oiling ring 19 is greater than the external diameter of hydraulic piston 2.When concrete enforcement, the internal diameter of cylinder body 1 is
mm, the external diameter of hydraulic piston 2 is
mm, after oiling ring 19 installs on hydraulic piston 2, the external diameter of oiling ring 19 is
mm.Oiling ring 19 has been isolated direct the contacting of hydraulic piston 2 with cylinder body 1 inwall, avoided hydraulic piston 2 with cylinder body 1 inwall because directly contacting the wearing and tearing that produce, simultaneously, oiling ring 19 also has rapid heat dissipation, improves lubricated effect, effectively extend the service life of hydraulic ram III, thereby also further extended the service life of whole air assistor.Oiling ring 19 is provided with opening 6.This opening 6 itself plays buffer action to oiling ring 19, prevents that oiling ring 19 from rupturing, and meanwhile, also can accumulate dust and ensure that piston 2 is not stuck.Circular radiating groove 3 16 is embedded with O type rubber guide collar.The driving back and forth of piston rod 3 can cause leather cup 23 unbalance stress, leads unstable, and this O type rubber guide collar has elasticity, can play well auxiliary directional tagging.
Described cylinder II comprises gas piston 29, and gas piston 29 is aluminum alloy gas piston processed.Gas piston 29 is made up of aluminum alloy, has replaced traditional iron, has further alleviated the weight of whole air assistor, has also alleviated the wearing and tearing on gas piston 29 surfaces simultaneously.Described hydraulic ram III comprises the seal cover cap 33 for sealed cylinder block, and seal cover cap 33 and cylinder body are one-body molded by hollow die casting by aluminum alloy.Adopt this structure design, can further alleviate the weight of hydraulic ram III, add man-hour without welding simultaneously and do seal cover cap 33, do not need to electroplate, improved environmental protection and energy saving effect.
In addition, the front end face of described hydraulic piston 2 also offers a columned groove 24, and the existence of this groove 24 not only can further alleviate the weight of hydraulic piston 2, makes hydraulic piston 2 light and flexible more, can also save part aluminum alloy materials, reduce costs simultaneously.Described bell-shaped percussion instrument, used in ancient time by troops on march connects and covers 28 and be also made up of aluminum alloy, by short touching with well-designed repeatedly, has removed the outstanding heavy large bag in the back side protruding, has further alleviated the weight of whole air assistor.
The present invention has the following advantages:
One, described cylinder body 1 and hydraulic piston 2 are made by aluminum alloy, replace ironware, alleviated the weight of whole hydraulic ram III, finally alleviated the weight of whole air assistor, simultaneously, piston rod 3 adopts floating connection to replace traditional being fixedly connected with the connection mode of hydraulic piston 2, has improved heat dispersion, not easy to wear between piston 2 and piston rod 3, simultaneously, make hydraulic ram III light and flexible, whole air assistor braking is quick, and air assistor overall performance improves.
Two, the oblique fuel feed hole 10 that is provided with in the bottom of oil feed groove 4, adopt the direct oil-feed of fuel feed hole 10 of oblique setting, simple in structure, with low cost, easy to maintenance, also solved each accessory in polygamy part oil feeding device, because of the fragile drawback that often needs replacing, has effectively extended the service life of hydraulic ram III, thereby has also been extended accordingly the service life of whole air assistor simultaneously.
Three, hydraulic oil can be from hydraulic piston 2 rear sides in opening 6 enters cavity 5, also can enter in cavity 5 through interior oilhole 7 from hydraulic piston 2 front sides, realize two-way simultaneous oil-feed, simultaneously, fuel return hole 18 has the function that promotes running of hydraulic power oil, thereby whole hydraulic piston 2 is immersed in hydraulic oil for a long time, improve distributing of heat, efficiently solving hydraulic piston 2 latter halfs accelerates because long-term oil starvation causes the wearing and tearing between hydraulic piston 2 and cylinder body 1 inwall, the drawback that heat increases, effectively extend the service life of hydraulic ram III, thereby also extended accordingly the service life of whole air assistor.
Four, the existence of circular radiating groove has reduced hydraulic piston 2 and cylinder body 1 inwall direct friction face, reduce the heat that hydraulic piston 2 and cylinder body 1 inwall produce because of friction, also strengthened radiating effect simultaneously, effectively extend the service life of hydraulic ram III, thereby also extended accordingly the service life of whole air assistor.