CN104127943A - Design method for first-aid high-frequency injection breathing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a design method for a first-aid high-frequency injection breathing machine. The first-aid high-frequency injection breathing machine is mainly composed of a control module, a breathing module, a patient breathing mask and various sensors; the control module comprises a main control chip, a data acquisition module, a display module, an electromagnetic threshold control module, an alarm module and a pressure flow acquisition module; the breathing module comprises a breathing parameter set and a breathing model selection; the patient breathing mask comprises an air source, a secondary pressure reduction threshold, a high-frequency electromagnetic threshold, a throttle threshold, an empty oxygen mixer, a safety threshold and a nozzle; the various sensors include a flower sensor and a differential pressure transducer. Compared with a traditional breathing machine, the first-aid high-frequency injection breathing machine has the advantages that a high-frequency function is added, pain of patients can be more timely alleviated, the first-aid high-frequency injection breathing machine is simple in design thought and can be quickly put into production.

Description

A kind of method for designing of first aid high frequency jet ventilator

Technical field

The invention belongs to medical rescue equipment technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method for designing of first aid high frequency respirator.

Background technology

Respirator is as the important salvage tool of critical patients, more and more wider in clinical practice, become the equipment of section office's indispensabilities such as ICU, Pneumology Department, emergency department, Anesthesia Recovery Room, simultaneously in modern military forces use construction, development of medical equipment is also an important content, and a respirator requisite medical equipment wherein especially.Along with the continuous lifting of domestic medical standard, not just first aid and the rescue that respirator is played the part of, treatment also becomes a vital task, and in this case, hospital has also obtained increasing rapidly for the requirement on the quality and quantity of respirator.According to umber of feed inlet statistics of variables, domestic have the ventilator overseas that surpasses 30,000 at present, and keep the growth rate of annual more than 3000, respirator to become the visual plant of hospital's first aid and life support.In this problem, related high frequency first-aid respirator can more be conducive to maintain the normal maintenance of patient respiration function in certain situation (as situations such as the through and through wound on battlefield, ARDS adult respiratory distress syndrome, burn, infant first aids); and can more protect at the same time the safety of each organ of respiratory system, and the damage that mechanical ventilation can be caused pulmonary reduces.The main purpose of research is exactly round above every demand, the high frequency first aid jet ventilator of new generation, and to meet rescue of battlefield, the wounded transport the in particular cases requirements to patient's first aid aspect such as nursing.

Summary of the invention

Painful for rapid recovery patient, solve the breathing problem into severe case, the present invention proposes the method for designing of a first aid high frequency respirator, for development respirator provides necessary help.

The present invention forms like this: it breathes module mainly by control module, patient respiration face shield, and various kinds of sensors 4 is most of to be formed.A method for designing for first aid high frequency respirator, is characterized in that the population structure of the method is mainly by control module, breathes module, patient respiration face shield, and various kinds of sensors four is most of to be formed.Wherein control module comprises main control chip, data acquisition module, display module, magnet-valve control module, alarm module, pressure flow acquisition module.The ATmega16 of the AVR series of 8 reduced instructions of chip employing ATMEL company.Breathe module and comprise respiration parameter setting, breathing pattern is selected.LED has been used LM2028(TCB8802) liquid crystal display screen, its dot matrix number is 320 * 240.Patient respiration face shield comprises source of the gas, second depressurized threshold, high-frequency electromagnetic threshold, throttle, empty oxygen mixer, safety threshold, nozzle.Various sensors comprise flow transducer and differential pressure pickup.Conventionally by Sensitive Apparatus, switching device and electronic circuit, formed.

Function of the present invention is, a kind of method for designing and thinking of first aid high frequency respirator is provided.

The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage: it is more reasonable to design, and introduces high-frequency functions, is that respirator can reach the effect of first aid more.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the population structure schematic diagram of first aid high frequency respirator.

Fig. 2 is control module entire block diagram.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention proposes a kind of method for designing of first aid high frequency respirator, it breathes module mainly by control module, patient respiration face shield, and various kinds of sensors four module forms.Wherein control module comprises main control chip, data acquisition module, display module, magnet-valve control module, alarm module, pressure flow acquisition module.Breathe module and comprise respiration parameter setting, breathing pattern is selected.Patient respiration face shield comprises source of the gas, second depressurized threshold, high-frequency electromagnetic threshold, throttle, empty oxygen mixer, safety threshold, nozzle.Various sensors comprise flow transducer and differential pressure pickup.The design of vent line is an of paramount importance ring in whole high frequency respirator design, first to choose each several part device, for example: electromagnetic valve, air relief valve, nozzle etc., because above these devices are all consumptive materials, all will be in the face of the impact of gases at high pressure, so extremely important to the selection of these equipment.Through comparing, electromagnetic valve is selected the two-bit triplet electromagnetic valve of 35A-AAA-DFAA-1BA type; Choke valve, relief valve, the parts such as empty oxygen mixer can independently be made, because the required precision of these parts is not very high; Flow transducer is selected AWP720 sensor, and this kind of sensor price is relatively cheap, and it is required that precision can meet problem; Nozzle just selects industrial used bore in about 5mm.

Control module is the control axis of whole respirator, and whether it stable has determined that can respirator normally work, and then has determined patient's therapeutic effect, as shown in Figure 2.Below just simply introduce the composition of control module: the main control module in control module adopts the ATmega16 of AVR series of 8 reduced instructions of ATMEL company, there is advanced RISC structure, it has 131 instructions, and be the single clock cycle most time for each instruction, only need the hardware multiplier of two clock cycle; It is inner integrated JTAG interface, the programming by JTAG Interface realization to FLASH, EEPROM, fuse bit and locking bit, debug function in the sheet of supporting to expand; With respect to other single-chip microcomputer, it also has following processor feature: electrification reset and programmable detection of power loss, RC agitator through demarcating in sheet, the outer interrupt source of sheet in sheet, 6 kinds of sleep patterns (the Standby pattern of idle pulley, ADC noise suppressed pattern, battery saving mode, power-down mode, Standby pattern and expansion).This MCU is with resource in the sheet enriching, cheap price and well received, and its pin compatibility AT90s8535, can replace 8535 chips in product.With respect to ATmega8, it except I/O pin is many, inner integrated 2 times to ATmega8(16K) FLASH program storage.It can use multiple high-level language to develop, and this problem is used WinAVR developing instrument.WinAVR is the procedure set of one group of open source code, for the exploitation of the AVR of ATMEL company series monolithic.It mainly comprises: GNU program package Binutils.GNU Binutils is very huge, and WinAVR only comprises the part relevant to AVR, has AVR assembler, adapter and some instruments relevant to machine instruction.GCC。It is C/ and C++ compiler, is the part in GNU project.AVR-LIBC。AVR-LIBC is AVR single-chip microcomputer C language run-time library, and it provides the non-standard built-in function of standard C language function and the special use of AVR device for application program.WinAVR also comprises a plurality of useful tools such as software running device GDB, device programming software, file format crossover tool and text editor.Control module is that the data of respiration channel being monitored to gained constantly according to pressure transducer and flow transducer are controlled constantly, and can reflect the gas parameter situation in machine pipeline all the time, so that healthcare givers can need to carry out the setting of respiration parameter according to reality.In electronic circuit and equipment, power supply is important component part, and for system operation provides electric power, and electronic circuit and equipment all need stable Power supply, wherein have a lot of equipment to need DC source, and this equipment is no exception.Power module in the present invention has two functions: one, internal battery can provide required electric power for equipment, and assurance equipment can normally not worked in there is no the environment of external power supply; Two, can through mains transformer, rectification circuit, filter circuit and mu balanced circuit, convert external single-phase alternating current to galvanic current presses.Although alternating voltage becomes the DC voltage that AC compounent is less after by rectification, filtering, when voltage ripple of power network or load variations, its meansigma methods also will change thereupon.The function of mu balanced circuit is the impact that makes output dc voltage not changed by voltage ripple of power network and load resistance, thereby obtains sufficiently high stability.

Breathe the model selection of module and be divided into section-type LCD, Character LCD and the lattice type LCD that LCD will be quoted in record.Wherein section formula LCD and Character LCD can only, for character and digital simple displaying, can not meet the requirement that graph curve and Chinese character show; And lattice type LCD not only can show character, numeral, various figures, curve and Chinese character can also be shown and the functions such as screen rolling up and down, animated function, reversion, flicker can be realized, under various display requirements, application is very extensive.In the present invention, used LM2028(TCB8802) liquid crystal display screen, its dot matrix number is 320 * 240, for showing in real time the parameters such as airway pressure curve, tidal volume, respiratory quotient and respiratory frequency, and its screen size can make the compacter of respiratory waveform demonstration, can be so that user of service observes the variation of patient's various respiration parameters more clearly.

The design of sensor assembly is according to the definition in national standard " sensor generic term ": " sensor is device or the device that can experience specified measuring range and be converted into according to certain rules useful signal ".Sensor is comprised of Sensitive Apparatus, switching device and electronic circuit conventionally.Necessity monitoring to some parameters of patient on first-aid respirator all completes by sensor.Monitoring to some important parameters such as patient's tidal volume, carbon dioxide content, airway pressure, aeration status is very important, and it can make treatment personnel understand accurately patient's physiological situation, thereby further sufferer is made to correct treatment.And, to the continuous monitoring of respiratory drive mathematic(al) parameter, be also to realize the basis that respirator is controlled automatically.Warning system is to set up on the basis of sensor assembly, comprises following several: 1. system pipeline internal gas pressure over voltage alarm: adjustable extent 2～5 KPa, allowable error ± 15%; 2. system pipeline hypotony is reported to the police: adjustable extent 200～2000 KPa, allowable error ± 15%; 3. warning: the 20s that suffocates, error is ± 20%; Sound while occurring, light warning suffocates; Warning can make healthcare givers learn in time patient's crisis situation, by sound, light, reports to the police to remind, thus the life security of protection sufferer.

Claims (5)

1. the method for designing of a first aid high frequency respirator, it is characterized in that, the population structure of the method is mainly by control module, breathe module, patient respiration face shield, various kinds of sensors four is most of to be formed, wherein control module comprises main control chip, data acquisition module, display module, magnet-valve control module, alarm module, pressure flow acquisition module, breathe module and comprise respiration parameter setting, breathing pattern is selected, patient respiration face shield comprises source of the gas, second depressurized threshold, high-frequency electromagnetic threshold, throttle, empty oxygen mixer, safety threshold, nozzle, various sensors comprise flow transducer and differential pressure pickup.

2. the method for designing of first aid high frequency respirator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the ATmega16 of the AVR series of 8 reduced instructions of main control module employing ATMEL company.

3. the method for designing of first aid high frequency respirator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, has used LM2028(TCB8802) liquid crystal display screen, its dot matrix number is 320 * 240.

4. the method for designing of first aid high frequency respirator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, face shield should be considered source of the gas, second depressurized threshold, high-frequency electromagnetic threshold, throttle, empty oxygen mixer, safety threshold, the parts such as nozzle.

5. the method for designing of first aid high frequency respirator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, sensor is comprised of Sensitive Apparatus, switching device and electronic circuit.