CN104126360A - Bionic agricultural machinery movable blade and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Bionic agricultural machinery movable blade and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104126360A CN104126360A CN201410320984.1A CN201410320984A CN104126360A CN 104126360 A CN104126360 A CN 104126360A CN 201410320984 A CN201410320984 A CN 201410320984A CN 104126360 A CN104126360 A CN 104126360A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bionic agricultural machinery movable blade and a manufacturing method thereof. The invention aims at solving a problem of shortened blade service life caused by unreasonable tooth structure parameters of blades of prior arts. The bionic agricultural machinery movable blade is composed of a mounting part and a working part. The mounting part is a rectangular plate-type structural part provided with two mounting through holes. The working part is a plate-type structural part with an isosceles trapezoid shape. The length of the longer base edge of the working part is equal to that of the longer edge of the mounting part. The mounting part and the working part are connected into an integral plate-type structural part with a bilaterally symmetrical shape. Two equal edges of the working part are two cutting edges (4) of the bionic agricultural machinery movable blade. Parallel blade teeth are processed on inner cutting edge surfaces of the two cutting edges (4). Parallel sides of the blade teeth are parallel to the longer bottom edge of the isosceles trapezoid working part. On the bottom side of the bionic agricultural machinery movable blade, two high-hardness and high-wear-resistance sprayed zones are processed inwards from the two cutting edges (4). The invention also provides a method for processing the bionic agricultural machinery movable blade.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly for the blade on farm machinery, or rather, the present invention relates to a kind of bionical farm machinery knife section and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Domestic farm machinery knife section original product is designed to be convenient to machining profile of tooth, profile of tooth cross section pointed tooth triangular in shape, tooth-shape structure parameter is reasonable not, affects intensity and the wear resistance of blade, often there is the failure modes such as broken teeth point, chipping, broken teeth root, crackle, cause shorten service life.In addition, because the method that adopts traditional machining is manufactured product, blade profile of tooth is not whole, and metallic fiber structure is cut off, and more makes the various hydraulic performance declines of blade product, and shorten service life.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to have overcome prior art to exist blade tooth-shape structure parameter not rationally, often to occur broken teeth point, chipping, broken teeth root, crackle and the problem that causes blade to shorten service life, and a kind of bionical farm machinery knife section and manufacture method thereof are provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: described bionical farm machinery knife section is plank frame part, is made up of mounting portion and working portion.
Described mounting portion is the plate structure part of rectangle, and 2 installation through holes that structure is identical are set on it symmetrically, and the line of centres of installation through hole that 2 structures are identical and the long limit of the mounting portion of rectangle are parallel.
Described working portion is the plate structure part of isosceles-trapezium-shaped, or more precisely, the plate structure part that working portion is inverted isosceles-trapezium-shaped; The long base of the working portion of isosceles-trapezium-shaped equates with the long limit of the mounting portion of rectangle and is connected to be symmetrically plate armature part.
2 waist limits of the working portion of isosceles-trapezium-shaped are 2 cutting edges that structure is identical of bionical farm machinery knife section, the blade tooth being parallel to each other being processed with on the sword face of the identical cutting edge inboard of 2 structures, form left groove face, right groove face, left groove face is identical with right groove face structure, and left groove face is parallel with the long base of the plane of symmetry of each blade tooth in right groove face and the working portion of isosceles-trapezium-shaped.
On the bottom surface of bionical farm machinery knife section, process 2 spraying areas from 2 identical cutting edges of structure toward inboard.
Between sword face described in technical scheme and the bottom surface of bionical farm machinery knife section, angle is sword face angle λ, and sword face angle λ is set to 20～23 °, i.e. λ=20～23 °.
The tooth surface shape of the blade tooth described in technical scheme is three-dimensional bionic curved surface by plane optimizing, and the shape of cross section of blade tooth is three-dimensional bionic circular arc pointed shape by Triangles Optimization, and the radius R of bionical circular arc is 6～7 millimeters, i.e. R=6～7 millimeter; Tooth angle is optimized to design, i.e. β=50～55 °; Space width is set to 1.8～2mm, i.e. t=1.8～2mm, and groove angle is 0～5 °, i.e. δ=0～5 °.
Referring to toward 2 spraying areas of inboard processing from 2 identical cutting edges of structure on the bottom surface of bionical farm machinery knife section described in technical scheme: spraying area width H is 10～15 millimeters, and the thickness of the metal level that spraying area sprays is 0.2～0.3 millimeter.
A kind of step of the method for manufacturing bionical farm machinery knife section is as follows:
1. blanking:
Select 45# steel plate and be processed into billot;
2. adopt fine-edge blanking combination process to process bionical farm machinery knife section profile and two installing holes:
Adopt blanking punching compound die, one time stamping-out can be realized bionical farm machinery knife section profile blanking and 2 punching that through hole is installed;
3. adopt cold volume accurate forming method to process bionical farm machinery knife section profile of tooth:
Adopt the compound die of mold pressing profile of tooth and identification marking character and graphic, realize at normal temperatures the shaping of cold bulk forming and the trade mark character and graphic of profile of tooth;
4. adopt local induction hardening method to heat-treat bionical farm machinery knife section profile of tooth:
Quench zone is controlled in 10 millimeters, and quenching hardness is controlled at HRC48-52, and non-quench zone hardness is not more than HRC35;
5. adopting preliminary grinding operation is mainly that the excess metal burr grinding that mold pressing is produced is removed, then removes surperficial pollution before adopting sharpening operation to solve plasma spraying, and sprayed coating can be combined with matrix firmly;
6. The plasma spraying technology will contain manganese, Peng, namely Fe450 silicon iron base alloy powder sprayed in biomimetic agricultural machinery blade base, generate a alloying is the combination of strong, high hardness, wear resistance of the metal layer.
Compared with prior art the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. bionical farm machinery knife section of the present invention and manufacture method thereof are mainly reflected in the raising of profile of tooth working portion intensity, and antiwear property improves, and increase service life.Reason be tooth-shape structure after bionic optimization, change three-dimensional cambered surface tooth type into by triangle sharp-tooth shaped, structural strength improves, and produces the effect of the rate of depreciation of controlling wedge surface or seamed edge, flank of tooth antiwear property improves, and is conducive to cold volume precision form.
2. bionical farm machinery knife section of the present invention and manufacture method thereof are owing to adopting cold volume precise forming process machining 3 D cambered surface tooth type, and it is complete fine and closely woven that parts of tooth metallic fiber keeps, and is not cut off, and product profile of tooth duration of work collapses tooth phenomenon and greatly reduces.Groove angle, the sword face angle of blade are optimized adjustment, contribute to the extension of teeth groove and the self-sharpening of groove blade, cut sharply, and cutting efficiency improves, and reduces complete machine energy resource consumption.
3. bionical farm machinery knife section of the present invention and manufacture method blade edge of a knife district thereof adopt plasma spraying technology to prepare high rigidity, high abrasion coating, improve its abrasion resistance properties, unsuitable tipping, and cutting edge is sharp, improves cutting efficiency;
4. the blade base material in bionical farm machinery knife section of the present invention and manufacture method thereof can be selected the Fine Steel Casting iron material of plasticity, good toughness, the cold volume of being convenient to profile of tooth is compressing, improve the die life of cold bulk forming, reduce material cost and production cost;
5, bionical farm machinery knife section of the present invention and manufacture method thereof adopt fine-edge blanking technology to make blanking, the one step completed combination process of punching, and assembling and positioning dimensional accuracy improves, and fracture surface roughness reduces;
6. adopt plasma spraying technology at blade bottom surface spraying one deck high rigidity, high abrasion metal level, width is 10 to 15 millimeters, and thickness is 0.2 to 0.3 millimeter, protection cutting edge.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated:
Fig. 1 is the front view of the structure composition of bionical farm machinery knife section of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the local amplification profile of A-A place sword face angle λ in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is I place partial enlarged view in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is C-C place partial enlarged view in Fig. 3;
In figure: 1. installing hole, 2. spraying area, 3. right groove face, 4. cutting edge, 5. sword face angle, 6. groove angle, 7. tooth angle, 8. bionical circular arc, 9. space width.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is explained in detail:
Exist blade tooth-shape structure parameter not rationally to cause the problem of blade shortening in service life for solving prior art, application machine bionics of the present invention is optimized Bionic Design to product profile of tooth, the flank of tooth is three dimension arch curved surface, not only improve profile of tooth intensity, abrasion resistance, and be convenient to implement the cold volume precise forming process of profile of tooth, improve production efficiency and product quality.
Bionical farm machinery knife section (referred to as bionical knife section) is taking clover (trefoil) as bionical object, utilize SEM to observe clover, obtain clover leaf edge sawtooth shape, utilize reverse-engineering principle to use special 3D sculpting software to extract curved surface features model, generate physical model, according to the notional result of finite element analysis, and the actual blade processing of 3D model carries out the result of wear test, carries out the optimization of profile of tooth and selects.
Bionical farm machinery knife section product adopts mechanical Bionic Optimum Design, and traditional knife section profile of tooth and groove angle, sword face angle are adjusted, and makes product structure science, reasonable, practical more, General Promotion properties of product and quality.
Consult Fig. 1, described bionical farm machinery knife section is plank frame part, is connected with working portion by mounting portion; Described mounting portion is the plate structure part of rectangle, and 2 installation through holes that structure is identical are set on it symmetrically, and the line of centres of installation through hole that 2 structures are identical and the long limit of the mounting portion of rectangle are parallel.Described working portion is the plate structure part of isosceles triangle shape, or more precisely, the plate structure part that working portion is inverted isosceles-trapezium-shaped; The long base of the working portion of isosceles-trapezium-shaped equates with the long limit of the mounting portion of rectangle and is connected to be symmetrically plate armature part.
2 waist limits of the working portion of isosceles-trapezium-shaped are the identical cutting edge 4 of 2 structures of bionical farm machinery knife section, the blade tooth being parallel to each other being processed with at sword face since 2 identical cutting edges 4 (toward inboard) of structure, form left groove face, right groove face 3, left groove face is identical with right groove face 3 structures, and left groove face is parallel with the long base of the plane of symmetry of each blade tooth in right groove face 3 and the working portion of isosceles-trapezium-shaped.
For improving serviceability, processing characteristics, the service life of blade:
The present invention has adopted mechanical bionics blade profile of tooth to carry out bionic optimization, profile of tooth is optimized for the three dimension arch flank of tooth, and groove angle, tooth angle, sword face angle are optimized to adjustment, improves it from sharpening effect and antiwear property, cut sharply, and be conducive to the cold volume precision form of profile of tooth.
Adopt the cold volume precise forming process processing of plate profile of tooth, made parts of tooth metallic fiber complete, fine and closely woven, be not cut off, greatly improved the intensity of profile of tooth.
Adopt plasma spraying technology; in the bottom surface at identical cutting edge 4 places of two structures from cutting edge inward side spray be coated with the metal level of one deck high rigidity, high abrasion; forming width is 2 spraying areas of H; spraying area width H is 10～15 millimeters; the thickness of metal level is 0.2～0.3 millimeter, and spraying area blade cutting edge is protected, and improves its abrasion resistance properties; unsuitable tipping, cutting edge is sharp.
Consult Fig. 4, the profile of tooth of blade tooth is optimized design, specifically: the tooth surface shape of blade tooth is optimized design, the tooth surface shape of blade tooth is three-dimensional bionic curved surface by plane optimizing, the shape of cross section of blade tooth is three-dimensional bionic circular arc pointed shape by Triangles Optimization, the radius R of bionical circular arc 8 is 6～7 millimeters, i.e. R=6～7 millimeter.Tooth angle 7 is optimized to design, i.e. β=50～55 °, space width 9 is set to t=1.8～2mm.Profile of tooth cross section is thickened, can make blade tooth-shape structure intensity greatly improve.According to the variation of cutting edge tooth surface shape, be decided by wearing character and the rate of depreciation of wedge surface seamed edge, according to cane cut rear its crops for rotation relative movement orbit and wear trace on knife section end face, can reach the effect of self-sharpening and control knife section faceted pebble, seamed edge wear rate simultaneously.Solve traditional product and collapsed the problems such as tooth, cutting edge rust, cutting efficiency reduction, wear out failure, extended product service life.
Between the described sword face that is processed with the blade tooth being parallel to each other and the bottom surface of bionical farm machinery knife section, angle is sword face angle λ, locating active face of the present invention angle λ carries out mechanical bionic optimization adjustment, sword face angle is adjusted into λ=20～23 °, the present invention carries out mechanical bionic optimization adjustment to traditional knife section groove angle δ, described groove angle δ is the angle on longitudinal plane of symmetry of blade tooth and the long base of knife section working portion, and groove angle is adjusted into δ=0～5 °.Contribute to the cold bulk forming of profile of tooth, contribute to extension and the groove blade self-sharpening of teeth groove, the more important thing is and make blade keep cutting sharp, cutting efficiency improves, and reduces complete machine energy resource consumption.
Blade adopts carbon constructional quality steel, and plasticity, good toughness are conducive to press tooth to be shaped.
Adopt fine-edge blanking technology to make blanking, the one step completed combination process of punching, assembling and positioning dimensional accuracy improves, and fracture surface roughness reduces.
Through installation test examination, bionical knife section product and traditional knife section product contrast by within original 15 to 20 days, extending to 20-25 days service life.
In a word, this bionical knife section product has not only been realized the upgrading of product, and integrates various advanced manufacturing technologies, has formed a whole set of new technology of manufacturing blade of farm machine.
The step of tradition farm machinery knife section processing method is as follows:
1-milling inclined-plane, lower billot-blanking-punching-typewriting-milling inclined-plane, 2-mill teeth, 1-mill teeth, 2-quenching-sharpening
The step of bionical farm machinery knife section processing method of the present invention is as follows:
Lower billot-essence punching (blanking, punching combination process)-press tooth, the combination process-sharpening-plasma spraying of typewriting
1. blanking
Bionical farm machinery knife section of the present invention is selected 45# steel plate, replace the tool steel T9 that traditional farm machinery knife section adopts, its objective is the cold volume precision form that utilizes its good plasticity to realize fine-edge blanking and realize profile of tooth, can greatly reduce the material cost of blade simultaneously; 45# steel plate is processed into billot.
2. adopt fine-edge blanking combination process to process bionical farm machinery knife section profile and two installing holes:
Fine-edge blanking technique is the new method in punching press separation circuit, be characterized in that cross section quality is good, euphotic belt is longer, in processing method of the present invention, adopt blanking punching compound die, a stamping-out can be realized the punching in bionical farm machinery knife section profile blanking and 5.5 millimeters of holes of 2 diameters, and production efficiency is high; Its key is the selection in blanking die gap while grasping fine-edge blanking.The present invention adopts fine-edge blanking combination process to replace common stamping processes bionic mechanical knife section profile and two installing holes, and Product Assembly location dimension precision is improved, and fracture surface roughness reduces.
3. adopt cold volume accurate forming method to process bionical farm machinery knife section profile of tooth:
Bionical farm machinery knife section processing method of the present invention adopts the compound die of mold pressing profile of tooth and identification marking character and graphic, realize at normal temperatures the shaping of cold bulk forming and the trade mark character and graphic of profile of tooth, after profile of tooth extrudes, continuous whole, bright and clean without burr, without the defect such as hypodontia, curved tooth.
The present invention adopts cold volume accurate forming method to replace machine cut processing method, through the profile of tooth of cold volume precise forming process compacting, metallic fiber is complete fine and closely woven continuous, be not cut off, greatly improved profile of tooth intensity, hardness and wearability, reduced manufacturing procedure, saving equipment, has improved production efficiency.
4. adopt local induction hardening method to heat-treat bionical farm machinery knife section profile of tooth:
Quench zone is controlled in 10 millimeters, and quenching hardness is controlled at HRC48-52, and non-quench zone hardness is not more than HRC35.
5. adopting preliminary grinding operation is mainly that the excess metal burr grinding that mold pressing is produced is removed, then removes surperficial pollution before adopting sharpening operation to solve plasma spraying, and sprayed coating can be combined firmly with matrix.
6. employing plasma spraying technology; fe-based alloy powder (Fe450) containing Meng, Peng, silicon is sprayed on to the bottom surface of bionical farm machinery cutting blade; the combination that generates a kind of alloying is firm, hardness is high, anti abrasive metal level; blade cutting edge is protected; improve its anti-wear performance; make cutting edge keep sharp, increase the service life.This technological operation is implemented simple and convenient, and coating is smooth smooth, can accurately control thickness (this product is 0.2 to 0.3 millimeter), and workpiece influence of thermal deformation is little, and matrix can not change, and workpiece heating temperature can be controlled in below 200 degree.The sprayed on material Fe450 excellent performance of resistance to adhesive wear, and have certain resistance to abrasion of particles and resistance to particle erosion ability, identical with applying working condition.
Claims (5)
1. a bionical farm machinery knife section, is characterized in that, described bionical farm machinery knife section is plank frame part, is made up of mounting portion and working portion;
Described mounting portion is the plate structure part of rectangle, and 2 installation through holes that structure is identical are set on it symmetrically, and the line of centres of installation through hole that 2 structures are identical and the long limit of the mounting portion of rectangle are parallel;
Described working portion is the plate structure part of isosceles-trapezium-shaped, or more precisely, the plate structure part that working portion is inverted isosceles-trapezium-shaped; The long base of the working portion of isosceles-trapezium-shaped equates with the long limit of the mounting portion of rectangle and is connected to be symmetrically plate armature part;
2 waist limits of the working portion of isosceles-trapezium-shaped are the cutting edge (4) that 2 structures of bionical farm machinery knife section are identical, the blade tooth being parallel to each other being processed with on the inboard sword face of the identical cutting edge (4) of 2 structures, form left groove face, right groove face (3), left groove face is identical with right groove face (3) structure, and left groove face is parallel with the long base of the plane of symmetry of each blade tooth in right groove face (3) and the working portion of isosceles-trapezium-shaped;
On the bottom surface of bionical farm machinery knife section, process 2 spraying areas from 2 identical cutting edges (4) of structure toward inboard.
2. according to bionical farm machinery knife section claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, between described sword face and the bottom surface of bionical farm machinery knife section, angle is sword face angle λ, and sword face angle λ is set to 20～23 °, i.e. λ=20～23 °.
3. according to bionical farm machinery knife section claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the tooth surface shape of described blade tooth is three-dimensional bionic curved surface by plane optimizing, the shape of cross section of blade tooth is three-dimensional bionic circular arc pointed shape by Triangles Optimization, the radius R of bionical circular arc (8) is 6～7 millimeters, i.e. R=6～7 millimeter; Tooth angle (7) is optimized to design, i.e. β=50～55 °; Space width (9) is set to 1.8～2mm, i.e. t=1.8～2mm, and groove angle is 0～5 °, i.e. δ=0～5 °.
4. according to bionical farm machinery knife section claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described refers to toward 2 spraying areas of inboard processing from 2 identical cutting edges (4) of structure on the bottom surface of bionical farm machinery knife section:
Spraying area width H is 10～15 millimeters, and the thickness of the metal level that spraying area sprays is 0.2～0.3 millimeter.
5. a method of manufacturing bionical farm machinery knife section, is characterized in that, the step of the method for the bionical farm machinery knife section of described manufacture is as follows:
1) blanking:
Select 45# steel plate and be processed into billot;
2) adopt fine-edge blanking combination process to process bionical farm machinery knife section profile and two installing holes:
Adopt blanking punching compound die, one time stamping-out can be realized bionical farm machinery knife section profile blanking and 2 punching that through hole is installed;
3) adopt cold volume accurate forming method to process bionical farm machinery knife section profile of tooth:
Adopt the compound die of mold pressing profile of tooth and identification marking character and graphic, realize at normal temperatures the shaping of cold bulk forming and the trade mark character and graphic of profile of tooth;
4) adopt local induction hardening method to heat-treat bionical farm machinery knife section profile of tooth:
Quench zone is controlled in 10 millimeters, and quenching hardness is controlled at HRC48-52, and non-quench zone hardness is not more than HRC35;
5) adopting preliminary grinding operation is mainly that the excess metal burr grinding that mold pressing is produced is removed, then removes surperficial pollution before adopting sharpening operation to solve plasma spraying, and sprayed coating can be combined with matrix firmly;
6) adopt plasma spraying technology that the fe-based alloy powder i.e. Fe450 containing Meng, Peng, silicon is sprayed on to the bottom surface of bionical farm machinery cutting blade, the combination that generates a kind of alloying is firm, hardness is high, anti abrasive metal level.
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| CN201410320984.1A CN104126360A (en) | 2014-07-07 | 2014-07-07 | Bionic agricultural machinery movable blade and manufacturing method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN104982138A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-10-21 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Reed harvester bionic cutting blade and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN107598488A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-01-19 | 安徽三普智能重工有限公司 | The chain-blade assembly and its manufacturing process of a kind of tree mover |
| CN108319766A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-24 | 浙江大学 | A kind of shape of product design method obtained based on biological recessive shape |
| CN109997429A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-07-12 | 冯铎 | High-strength abrasion-proof rotary blade and its production technology |
| CN110181241A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-08-30 | 李坚 | A kind of blade production technology |
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| US5762453A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1998-06-09 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Cutting insert and method of manufacturing the cutting insert |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104982138A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-10-21 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Reed harvester bionic cutting blade and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN108319766A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-24 | 浙江大学 | A kind of shape of product design method obtained based on biological recessive shape |
| CN108319766B (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2020-06-19 | 浙江大学 | Product shape design method based on biological recessive shape acquisition |
| CN109997429A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-07-12 | 冯铎 | High-strength abrasion-proof rotary blade and its production technology |
| CN109997429B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2023-11-14 | 廊坊津锡农业机械股份有限公司 | High-strength wear-resistant rotary tillage cutter and production process thereof |
| CN110181241A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-08-30 | 李坚 | A kind of blade production technology |
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