CN104122560B - Electric transmission line wide area ice condition monitoring method - Google Patents

Electric transmission line wide area ice condition monitoring method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104122560B
CN104122560B CN201410328447.1A CN201410328447A CN104122560B CN 104122560 B CN104122560 B CN 104122560B CN 201410328447 A CN201410328447 A CN 201410328447A CN 104122560 B CN104122560 B CN 104122560B
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Prior art keywords
ice
wire
point
coating wire
ice coating
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CN104122560A (en
Inventor
邵瑰玮
付晶
陈怡�
曾云飞
蔡焕青
文志科
胡霁
闵绚
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications

Abstract

The invention provides an electric transmission line wide area ice condition monitoring method. The method includes the following steps that a laser radar device is used for collecting point cloud data of an ice coating guide wire; point space coordinates and ice coating thickness of the ice coating guide wire are determined; an equivalent ice coating thickness is calculated. According to the electric transmission line wide area ice condition monitoring method, the laser radar device is used for measuring displacement deformation and ice coating thickness of the ice coating guide wire, a finite element model is established, the equivalent ice coating thickness of the guide wire is calculated according to actual distribution of ice on the guide wire, and the ice trouble degree is evaluated.

Description

A kind of transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of monitoring method is and in particular to a kind of transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising method.
Background technology
Line ice coating, especially large area icing are one of key factors of impact electric power netting safe running.After wire icing, The actual bearing load of hanging point increases;When ice covering thickness is larger, shaft tower load exceedes design load, easily causes tower, broken string Accident.Mainly weighing measurement method clasp guideline ice covering thickness is taken by artificial line walking at present, and then it is thick to be scaled to equivalent icing Degree is estimated to line ice coating risk, and accuracy is not high.And it is difficult in time under freezing rain and snow disaster weather condition on a large scale Accurate evaluation analysis is carried out to transmission line of electricity wide area icing risk, and then takes specific aim prophylactico-therapeutic measuress.
At present, the detection of line ice coating is broadly divided into two big class: manual inspection and on-line monitoring.In early days, manual inspection Method serves great effect to guarantee line security, still retains this kind of mode currently as supplementary meanss.For manually patrolling On the one hand the region that inspection cannot complete, then set up and see ice station, realized by mimic buss detection method.But in partial high pressure line The region of road distribution is with a varied topography, bad environments, brings very big difficulty to patrolling and examining work.And patrol and examine needs certain week Phase, belong to regularly offline inspection, the appearance to disaster cannot be accomplished quickly to react.
In on-line monitoring method, for icing Cleaning Principle and analysis method, image method, weight method can be divided into, lead Line inclination angle-sag method.Image method is the icing situation being shot using the high-performance photographic head being arranged on tower bar etc. on wire, leads to Cross image processing techniquess, obtain the size characteristic of ice coating wire, then calculated by model, finally give equivalent ice covering thickness. The method is simple, the transmission line of electricity in topoclimate complicated condition area can be intuitively detected.But photographic head can only Obtain in-plant image, the quantity of information of collection is limited, and photographic head is possible to by snow and ice cover, lead to whole detecting system paralysis Paralysis.Weight method is the quality measuring ice coating wire in a span using pulling force sensor, by exclusive method, finally gives icing Quality, then the thickness being converted into icing.Inclination angle-sag method by parameters such as the wire collecting inclination angle, sags, in conjunction with power transmission line Line state equation, line parameter circuit value and environment parament, calculate icing weight and the icing average thickness of wire.This scheme meter The ice covering thickness calculating be in shelves meansigma methodss it is impossible to the reaction concrete distribution situation of icing, and in icing situation pockety Under, using line status Equation for Calculating, error is larger.
Although above-mentioned three kinds of methods have been applied in practical work, broadly fall into a monitoring method it is impossible to big Area freezing rain and snow disaster weather line ice coating is monitored and risk assessment.In view of this it is necessary to provide a kind of power transmission line Road wide area ice condition supervising technology, carries laser radar apparatus on unmanned plane during flying platform, and wire icing distribution is measured, And by finite element software calculate equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness method, realize to transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising.
The basic functional principle of laser radar system (lidar, light detection and ranging): first pass through Laser pulse signal launched by laser scanner, through reflecting prism laser pulse signal homed on its target, then passes through letter again Number receiver detects and receives the signal that target reflection is returned, and then these signal records is got off again, finally changes into and can be counted The data of calculation machine identification, then by these data inputs in the storage system of computer, realize scanning target using related software Modeling.Laser radar is automatization's Fast measurement system that no cooperative target laser range finder is combined with angle measurement system, At complicated scene and space, quick scanning survey is carried out to testee, directly obtain the body surface that laser spots are contacted Horizontal direction, zenith distance, oblique distance and reflex strength, automatically store and calculate, and obtain cloud data.Cloud data is through computer After process, quick reconfiguration can go out the locus of wire each point.
The patent of invention of Application No. 200910097184.7 provides a kind of ice coated on overhead transmission line conductor real-time monitoring Method and system, the method comprises the steps: 1) inclination angle-device for detecting temperature is arranged on each shelves line conductor, it is used for The hitch point inclination angle of measurement circuitry wire and conductor temperature in real time;2) deviation angle-angle of wind deflection monitoring device is arranged on each pendency On insulator chain, for real-time measurement suspension insulator along wire direction deviation angle and vertical wires direction angle of wind deflection;Pass through Measurement circuitry wire hitch point inclination angle, conductor temperature and suspension insulator deviation angle in real time, calculates line conductor icing in real time Comprehensive load and ice covering thickness.In practical engineering application, the method only can be monitored to one or minority icing position, and Need multiple devices are installed on the line, circuit can be run and impact.
Content of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising method, profit With laser radar apparatus, ice coating wire Displacement-deformation and ice covering thickness are measured, set up FEM (finite element) model, existed according to icing Actual distribution on wire is calculated the equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness of wire, assesses ice trouble degree.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
The present invention provides a kind of transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising method, the method comprising the steps of:
Step 1: gather the cloud data of ice coating wire using laser radar apparatus;
Step 2: determine ice coating wire space of points coordinate and wire icing thickness;
Step 3: calculate equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness.
In described step 1, laser radar apparatus are mounted on unmanned plane, unmanned plane take off tailing edge ice coating wire direction flight Patrol and examine, and using laser radar apparatus, ice coating wire is scanned, obtain its cloud data;Described cloud data includes space Position coordinateses, spherical coordinate, volume reflection and intensity level.
Described step 2 comprises the following steps:
Step 2-1: extract impact point;
Step 2-2: determine ice coating wire space of points coordinate;
Step 2-3: calculate wire icing thickness.
Described step 2-1 comprises the following steps:
Step 2-1-1: according to the cloud data obtaining, determine point cloud minimum point, constitute TIN convex hull;
Step 2-1-2: according to the sparse degree setting gradient threshold value of cloud data, and choose sweeping in gradient threshold range Described point forms icing target initial surface;
Step 2-1-3: selected seed point interpolation is TIN from the scanning element of icing target initial surface, and Calculate the difference in height of remaining scanning element and TIN;
Step 2-1-4: decision height difference whether in gradient threshold range, in combination with the sparse degree area of cloud data Divide the impact point in scanning element and non-targeted point, described impact point is ice coating wire point.
In described step 2-2, with shaft tower as initial point, with along ice coating wire direction as x-axis, vertical ice coating wire direction is as y Transmission line of electricity coordinate system is set up for z-axis in axle, direction perpendicular to the ground, by the locus coordinate of ice coating wire point from laser thunder Reach the device coordinate system that equipment position is initial point to be transformed in transmission line of electricity coordinate system, you can obtain the sky of ice coating wire point Between coordinate.
In described step 2-3, set up elliptic equation in vertical ice coating wire direction, according to the space coordinatess of ice coating wire point Calculate ellipse long and short shaft so that middle error is minimum;Oval cross section is ice coating wire section, and elliptical center is wire center, major axis It is wire icing thickness with the half of short axle difference.
Described step 3 comprises the following steps:
Step 3-1: set up the FEM (finite element) model of ice coating wire catenary form;
Step 3-2: the average ice covering thickness of computing unit;
Step 3-3: determine actual ice concentration;
Step 3-4: determine equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness, realize transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising.
In described FEM (finite element) model, it is taken as a unit along ice coating wire direction every 0.1m~5.0m, ice load is applied It is added on unit;Calculate ice coating wire two ends tension force n1 and n2 simultaneously, and n1 > n2, tension force is that the wire end position of n1 is designated as a.
In described step 3-2, by the equal principle of icing volume, average by the wire icing thickness calculation unit determining Ice covering thickness.
Described step 3-3 comprises the following steps:
Step 3-3-1: set ice concentration initial value, ice load is applied on each unit, calculate ice coating wire each point displacement;
Step 3-3-2: compared with each point displacement that the ice coating wire calculating each point displacement is scanned with laser radar apparatus Relatively, it is divided into situations below:
(1) when ice coating wire each point displacement is equal with each point displacement that laser radar apparatus scan, the ice concentration of setting Initial value is actual ice concentration;
(2) when ice coating wire each point displacement is less than each point displacement of laser radar apparatus scanning, increase ice concentration, again Calculate ice coating wire each point displacement, until the two is equal, you can obtain actual ice concentration;
(3) when ice coating wire each point displacement is more than each point displacement of laser radar apparatus scanning, reduce ice concentration, again Calculate ice coating wire each point displacement, until the two is equal, you can obtain actual ice concentration.
Described step 3-4 comprises the following steps:
Step 3-4-1: according to determine actual ice concentration it is assumed that on ice coating wire all unit ice covering thickness equal, if Determine ice covering thickness initial value;
Step 3-4-2: calculate the tension force n ' of conductor wire end a according to catenary equation, tension force n ' is compared with tension force n1, is divided into Situations below:
(1) if n '=n1, now ice covering thickness is the equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness of this ice coating wire;
(2) if n ' is > n1, reduce ice covering thickness, recalculate the tension force n ' of conductor wire end a, until n '=n1, you can Equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness to ice coating wire;
(3) if n ' is < n1, increase ice covering thickness, recalculate the tension force n ' of conductor wire end a, until n '=n1, you can Equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness to ice coating wire.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention is:
1. the present invention passes through UAV flight's laser radar apparatus, can rapidly icing circuit be scanned, and realizes to big Area ice condition is monitored rapidly;
2. the present invention direct measurement can obtain the deformational displacement of ice coating wire, ice covering thickness actual distribution on transmission line of electricity;
3. the present invention can be calculated the equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness of ice coating wire, while simplifying engineering calculation, carries High wide area line ice coating risk assessment accuracy.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising method flow diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail.
As Fig. 1, a kind of present invention transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising method of offer, the method comprising the steps of:
Step 1: gather the cloud data of ice coating wire using laser radar apparatus;
Step 2: determine ice coating wire space of points coordinate and wire icing thickness;
Step 3: calculate equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness.
In described step 1, laser radar apparatus are mounted on unmanned plane, unmanned plane take off tailing edge ice coating wire direction flight Patrol and examine, and using laser radar apparatus, ice coating wire is scanned, obtain its cloud data;Described cloud data includes space Position coordinateses, spherical coordinate, volume reflection and intensity level.
Described step 2 comprises the following steps:
Step 2-1: extract impact point;
Step 2-2: determine ice coating wire space of points coordinate;
Step 2-3: calculate wire icing thickness.
Described step 2-1 comprises the following steps:
Step 2-1-1: according to the cloud data obtaining, determine point cloud minimum point, constitute TIN convex hull;
Step 2-1-2: according to the sparse degree setting gradient threshold value of cloud data, and choose sweeping in gradient threshold range Described point forms icing target initial surface;
Step 2-1-3: selected seed point interpolation is TIN from the scanning element of icing target initial surface, and Calculate the difference in height of remaining scanning element and TIN;
Step 2-1-4: decision height difference whether in gradient threshold range, in combination with the sparse degree area of cloud data Divide the impact point in scanning element and non-targeted point, described impact point is ice coating wire point.
In described step 2-2, with shaft tower as initial point, with along ice coating wire direction as x-axis, vertical ice coating wire direction is as y Transmission line of electricity coordinate system is set up for z-axis in axle, direction perpendicular to the ground, by the locus coordinate of ice coating wire point from laser thunder Reach the device coordinate system that equipment position is initial point to be transformed in transmission line of electricity coordinate system, you can obtain the sky of ice coating wire point Between coordinate.
In described step 2-3, set up elliptic equation in vertical ice coating wire direction, according to the space coordinatess of ice coating wire point Calculate ellipse long and short shaft so that middle error is minimum;Oval cross section is ice coating wire section, and elliptical center is wire center, major axis It is wire icing thickness with the half of short axle difference.
Described step 3 comprises the following steps:
Step 3-1: set up the FEM (finite element) model of ice coating wire catenary form;
Step 3-2: the average ice covering thickness of computing unit;
Step 3-3: determine actual ice concentration;
Step 3-4: determine equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness, realize transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising.
In described FEM (finite element) model, it is taken as a unit along ice coating wire direction every 0.1m~5.0m, ice load is applied It is added on unit;Calculate ice coating wire two ends tension force n1 and n2 simultaneously, and n1 > n2, tension force is that the wire end position of n1 is designated as a.
In described step 3-2, by the equal principle of icing volume, average by the wire icing thickness calculation unit determining Ice covering thickness.
Described step 3-3 comprises the following steps:
Step 3-3-1: set ice concentration initial value, ice load is applied on each unit, calculate ice coating wire each point displacement;
Step 3-3-2: compared with each point displacement that the ice coating wire calculating each point displacement is scanned with laser radar apparatus Relatively, it is divided into situations below:
(1) when ice coating wire each point displacement is equal with each point displacement that laser radar apparatus scan, the ice concentration of setting Initial value is actual ice concentration;
(2) when ice coating wire each point displacement is less than each point displacement of laser radar apparatus scanning, increase ice concentration, again Calculate ice coating wire each point displacement, until the two is equal, you can obtain actual ice concentration;
(3) when ice coating wire each point displacement is more than each point displacement of laser radar apparatus scanning, reduce ice concentration, again Calculate ice coating wire each point displacement, until the two is equal, you can obtain actual ice concentration.
Described step 3-4 comprises the following steps:
Step 3-4-1: according to determine actual ice concentration it is assumed that on ice coating wire all unit ice covering thickness equal, if Determine ice covering thickness initial value;
Step 3-4-2: calculate the tension force n ' of conductor wire end a according to catenary equation, tension force n ' is compared with tension force n1, is divided into Situations below:
(1) if n '=n1, now ice covering thickness is the equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness of this ice coating wire;
(2) if n ' is > n1, reduce ice covering thickness, recalculate the tension force n ' of conductor wire end a, until n '=n1, you can Equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness to ice coating wire;
(3) if n ' is < n1, increase ice covering thickness, recalculate the tension force n ' of conductor wire end a, until n '=n1, you can Equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness to ice coating wire.
Finally it should be noted that: above example is only not intended to limit in order to technical scheme to be described, institute The those of ordinary skill in genus field still the specific embodiment of the present invention can be modified with reference to above-described embodiment or Equivalent, these are all applying for pending this without departing from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or equivalent Within bright claims.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising method it is characterised in that: the method comprising the steps of:
Step 1: gather the cloud data of ice coating wire using laser radar apparatus;
Step 2: determine ice coating wire space of points coordinate and wire icing thickness;
Step 3: calculate equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness;
Described step 3 comprises the following steps:
Step 3-1: set up the FEM (finite element) model of ice coating wire catenary form;
Step 3-2: the average ice covering thickness of computing unit;
Step 3-3: determine actual ice concentration;
Step 3-4: determine equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness, realize transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising;
In described FEM (finite element) model, it is taken as a unit along ice coating wire direction every 0.1m~5.0m, ice load is applied to On unit;Calculate ice coating wire two ends tension force n1 and n2 simultaneously, and n1 > n2, tension force is that the wire end position of n1 is designated as a;
Described step 3-4 comprises the following steps:
Step 3-4-1: according to the actual ice concentration determining it is assumed that all unit ice covering thickness are equal on ice coating wire, setting is covered Ice thickness initial value;
Step 3-4-2: calculate the tension force n' of conductor wire end a according to catenary equation, tension force n' is compared with tension force n1, is divided into following Situation:
(1) if n'=n1, now ice covering thickness is the equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness of this ice coating wire;
(2) if n' > n1, reduce ice covering thickness, recalculate the tension force n' of conductor wire end a, until n'=n1, you can obtain icing The equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness of wire;
(3) if n' < n1, increase ice covering thickness, recalculate the tension force n' of conductor wire end a, until n'=n1, you can obtain icing The equivalent equivalence ice covering thickness of wire.
2. transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: in described step 1, laser Radar equipment is mounted on unmanned plane, and unmanned plane tailing edge ice coating wire direction flight of taking off is patrolled and examined, and uses laser radar apparatus Ice coating wire is scanned, obtains its cloud data;Described cloud data includes locus coordinate, spherical coordinate, reflection Amount and intensity level.
3. transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: described step 2 include with Lower step:
Step 2-1: extract impact point;
Step 2-2: determine ice coating wire space of points coordinate;
Step 2-3: calculate wire icing thickness.
4. transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising method according to claim 3 it is characterised in that: described step 2-1 includes Following steps:
Step 2-1-1: according to the cloud data obtaining, determine point cloud minimum point, constitute TIN convex hull;
Step 2-1-2: according to the sparse degree setting gradient threshold value of cloud data, and choose the scanning element in gradient threshold range Form icing target initial surface;
Step 2-1-3: selected seed point interpolation is TIN from the scanning element of icing target initial surface, and calculates Remaining scanning element and the difference in height of TIN;
Step 2-1-4: decision height difference whether in gradient threshold range, sweep by the sparse degree differentiation in combination with cloud data Impact point in described point and non-targeted point, described impact point is ice coating wire point.
5. transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising method according to claim 4 it is characterised in that: in described step 2-2, with Shaft tower is initial point, with along ice coating wire direction as x-axis, vertical ice coating wire direction direction as y-axis, perpendicular to the ground builds for z-axis Vertical transmission line of electricity coordinate system, by the locus coordinate of ice coating wire point from setting with laser radar apparatus position as initial point Standby coordinate system is transformed in transmission line of electricity coordinate system, you can obtain the space coordinatess of ice coating wire point.
6. transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising method according to claim 3 it is characterised in that: in described step 2-3, Elliptic equation is set up in vertical ice coating wire direction, and the spatial coordinates calculation ellipse long and short shaft according to ice coating wire point is so that middle mistake Difference is minimum;Oval cross section is ice coating wire section, and elliptical center is wire center, and major axis is wire with the half of short axle difference Ice covering thickness.
7. transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: in described step 3-2, press The equal principle of icing volume, by the average ice covering thickness of the wire icing thickness calculation unit determining.
8. transmission line of electricity wide area ice condition supervising method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: described step 3-3 includes Following steps:
Step 3-3-1: set ice concentration initial value, ice load is applied on each unit, calculate ice coating wire each point displacement;
Step 3-3-2: each point displacement that the ice coating wire calculating each point displacement is scanned with laser radar apparatus compares, point For situations below:
(1) when ice coating wire each point displacement is equal with each point displacement that laser radar apparatus scan, the ice concentration initial value of setting It is actual ice concentration;
(2) when ice coating wire each point displacement is less than each point displacement of laser radar apparatus scanning, increase ice concentration, recalculate Ice coating wire each point displacement, until the two is equal, you can obtain actual ice concentration;
(3) when ice coating wire each point displacement is more than each point displacement of laser radar apparatus scanning, reduce ice concentration, recalculate Ice coating wire each point displacement, until the two is equal, you can obtain actual ice concentration.
CN201410328447.1A 2014-07-11 2014-07-11 Electric transmission line wide area ice condition monitoring method Active CN104122560B (en)

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