CN104122343A - Method for gas chromatographic quantitative detection on furfural prepared through hydrochloric acid method - Google Patents
Method for gas chromatographic quantitative detection on furfural prepared through hydrochloric acid method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the furfural analysis and detection technical field, and in particular, relates to a gas chromatographic quantitative detection method aiming at furfural prepared through hydrochloric acid hydrolysis of biomass. The method includes two steps of sample pretreatment and gas chromatography detection, and ultimately the furfural content is determined through comparison of the sample peak area and the standard solution peak area. A conventional national standard ''technical furfural GB/T1926.1-2009'' detection method cannot separate and detect acetic acid and furfural in products obtained from hydrochloric acid hydrolysis of the biomass and thus is not suitable for gas chromatographic detection aiming at the content of furfural prepared through the hydrochloric acid method. The gas chromatographic quantitative detection method aiming at furfural prepared through hydrochloric acid hydrolysis of the biomass can effectively separate and detect furfural and acetic acid in a sample, has the separation degree of greater than 1.5, can meet the test requirements, has the advantages of simple operation, good repeatability and accurate result, thereby having better popularization and application values compared with the current national standard.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to furfural technical field of analysis and detection, be specifically related to a kind of gas chromatography quantitative detecting method of the furfural of preparing for salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass.
Background technology
Furfural is a kind of important Organic Chemicals and chemical solvent that is widely used in the industries such as medicine, agricultural chemicals, resin, daily use chemicals, casting, weaving, oil.Up to now, furfural is still mainly by plant fiber material, as the process hydrolysis such as agriculture and forestry organic waste material, corncob, bagasse make.Hydrolysis ratio juris is under sour catalytic action, and first the hemicellulose pentosan in plant material is hydrolyzed and generates pentose (as wood sugar), and the pentose of generation generates furfural through acid-catalyzed dehydration again.Because furfural derives from agricultural wastes, therefore it can be regarded as to a kind of green chemical industry raw material, its effective utilization not only can reduce the dependence to petroleum resources, and can make full use of agricultural wastes, reduces environmental pollution, increases the added value of agricultural product.
Because the preparation technology of furfural is relatively simple, thereby in furfural production producer of China, still have a lot of medium-sized and small enterprises at present, its industrial level is more backward, and production technology mostly is many still series connection intermittent hydrolysis, and hydrolysis still adopts sulfuric acid as catalyzer with acid.Different from traditional sulfuric acid process; most scales have been prepared furfural enterprise then have been adopted the salt acid system vapor phase hydrolysis of more environmental protection to prepare furfural technique; but in prior art; the national standard method that only has the furfural of preparing for sulfuric acid process to detect; i.e. " Technical furfural GB/T1926.1-2009 "; because salt acid system vapor phase hydrolysis is prepared in furfural technique and is had by-product acetic acid; and existing national standard method cannot effectively separate by-product acetic acid with principal product furfural; cause peak type stack; the content that detects furfural that cannot be authentic and valid, therefore urgently improves.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of gas chromatography quantitative detecting method of the furfural of preparing for salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows.
A gas chromatography quantitative detecting method for the furfural of preparing for salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass, comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-treatment of sample:
A. take furfural sample prepared by salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass, add diethylamine or triethylamine, regulate pH to 6 ~ 7, stirring, centrifugal, filters to abandon to precipitate and gets supernatant liquor;
To take furfural sample 100ml prepared by salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass as example, add diethylamine or triethylamine 1 ~ 3ml;
Described centrifugal be centrifugal 10min under rotating speed 10000r/min condition;
Described diethylamine or the triethylamine of adding, regulate pH and stir object be in and testing sample in remaining hydrochloric acid and metal cation;
B. in the supernatant of steps A, add dewatering agent, stir, leave standstill, get supernatant liquor, for subsequent use, to be detected;
Described dewatering agent is anhydrous sodium sulfate, anhydrous calcium chloride or silica gel, and to take furfural sample 100ml prepared by salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass as example, addition is 3 ~ 8g;
(2) gas chromatographic detection:
C. adopt gas chromatograph to measure, chromatographic parameter is set as: sample size 1 μ L; Purge packed column injector temperature, 150 ~ 200 DEG C; Post case temperature, 90 ~ 130 DEG C; Detector temperature, 150 ~ 200 DEG C; Split ratio, 15 ~ 20; Flow velocity, 25 ~ 40mL/min; Chromatographic column flow, 1 ~ 1.5 mL/min; Linear speed, 30 ~ 40cm/sec;
Described gas chromatograph is Shimadzu GC-2014 gas chromatograph, is furnished with hydrogen flame detector (FID);
Described chromatographic column is RTX-WAX capillary column, and specification is 0.25mm × 0.50 μ m × 30.0m;
D. according to gas chromatograph results, measure furfural content with sample peak area and standard solution peak area ratio.
Owing to the acetic acid in salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass product cannot being separated to detection with furfural in existing GB " Technical furfural GB/T1926.1-2009 " detection method, thereby be unsuitable for carrying out gas Chromatographic Determination for the standby furfural content of hydrochloric acid legal system.The gas chromatography quantitative detecting method of the furfural of preparing for salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass provided by the present invention, can effectively the furfural in sample and separated from acetic acid be detected, degree of separation is greater than 1.5, can meet test request, and simple to operate, reproducible, result is accurate, thereby has good application value compared to existing GB.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is according to existing " GB/T1926.1-2009 Technical furfural " test result;
The testing result that Fig. 2 obtains for employing detection method provided by the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention will be further explained explanation so that those skilled in the art can understand and implement the present invention more clearly.
embodiment 1
The gas chromatography quantitative detecting method of the furfural of preparing for salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass, comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-treatment of sample:
A. take furfural sample 100ml prepared by salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass in 250ml beaker, the furfural that sample adopts salt acid technological process to produce for Energy Source Inst., Co., Ltd., Henan Prov. Academy of Sciences, add diethylamine 1ml, regulate pH to 7, so as in and remaining hydrochloric acid and metal cation in testing sample, tool stirred after 5 minutes, the centrifugal 10min of 10000r/min on supercentrifuge, to precipitate and contaminant filter after, get supernatant liquor:
B. in the supernatant of steps A, add dewatering agent anhydrous sodium sulfate 3g, stir 5min, leave standstill 10min, get supernatant liquor, for subsequent use, to be detected;
(2) gas chromatographic detection:
C. adopt gas chromatograph to measure, chromatographic parameter is set as: sample size 1 μ L; Purge packed column injection port, 200 DEG C; Post case temperature, 130 DEG C; Detector temperature, 200 DEG C; Split ratio, 20; Flow velocity, 38.5mL/min; Chromatographic column flow, 1.48 mL/min; Linear speed, 38.5cm/sec;
Described gas chromatograph is Shimadzu GC-2014 gas chromatograph, is furnished with hydrogen flame detector (FID);
Described chromatographic column is RTX-WAX capillary column, and specification is 0.25mm*0.50 μ m*30.0m;
D. according to gas chromatograph results, both can come with the retention time of the standard solution of furfural and acetic acid qualitatively, also can measure furfural content with sample peak area and standard solution peak area ratio and carry out quantitatively.
Concrete the present embodiment, for the beneficial effect of gas chromatography quantitative detecting method of the furfural of preparing for salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass provided by the present invention is described, inventor is by the method for existing GB " GB/T1926.1-2009 Technical furfural " regulation, the furfural sample of preparing with salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass identical in steps A has been carried out to gas chromatographic detection, testing result as shown in Figure 1, as can be seen from Figure 1, the peak type of furfural and acetic acid is overlapping is a peak, cannot effectively measure the real content of furfural.
Taking concentration as 5,10, the furfural solution of 15g/L is as standard solution (furfural is as the pure Dr.Ehrenstorfer standard items of German import chromatographic grade), according to the chromatographic condition of step C successively sample introduction, obtains standard solution peak area.For the gas chromatographic detection result of sample as shown in Figure 2, as can be seen from Figure 2, the peak type of furfural and acetic acid can separate preferably, thereby can draw comparatively accurately the real furfural content data in sample.Sample is tested three times altogether, and concrete quantitatively testing result is as shown in the table.
For verifying accuracy and the reliability of gas chromatography quantitative detecting method of the furfural of preparing for salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass provided by the present invention, inventor has further carried out the checking of three aspects:
correlativity checking
Taking concentration as 5,10, furfural (furfural is as the pure Dr.Ehrenstorfer standard items of German import chromatographic grade) the standard solution chromatogram of 15g/L is basis, with chromatographic peak area (Y) to (x) drawing standard curve of concentration of standard solution, the concentration x of standard solution is horizontal ordinate, peak area Y is ordinate, do typical curve with 3 concentration selecting, trying to achieve equation of linear regression is Y=308896x-80517.6, correlation coefficient r=0.9999.Related coefficient approaches 1 explanation gained equation of linear regression and is more suitable for trying to achieve concentration data with chromatographic peak area, thereby has proved that it is feasible in the gas chromatography quantitative detecting method of the furfural of preparing for salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass provided by the present invention, measuring furfural content with sample peak area and standard solution peak area ratio.
accuracy validation
In step (1), pass through in the sample of pre-treatment, add respectively 3 varying levels standard specimen (5,10, the furfural standard solution of 15g/L, furfural is the pure Dr.Ehrenstorfer standard items of German import chromatographic grade), under identical operating conditions, carry out replication 5 times, calculate recovery rate.The implication of this place recovery and being calculated as: when sample is measured, in identical control sample, add a certain amount of standard substance to measure, by the measured value of its measurement result deduction sample, thereby to calculate the recovery, weigh the accuracy of measurement result with this, the recovery is higher, illustrates that measurement result is more accurate.
Concrete result of calculation is as following table.COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING, in 3 different interpolation levels, the average recovery rate of furfural is 99.77%, assay method result provided by the present invention is described comparatively accurately and reliably.
degree of separation checking
In sample, furfural only has effective separation could meet detection needs with acetic acid detected peaks, specific to the present invention, the degree of separation R value of furfural main peak adjacent set swarming front with it, must be greater than 1.5, could meet the requirement separating, also furfural main peak and other compositions could be carried out to the good detection that separates.
The computing formula of degree of separation is:
；
In formula: R---the degree of separation of furfural main peak adjacent set swarming front with it;
TR1---the retention time of furfural main peak, min;
The retention time of adjacent set swarming before tR2---furfural main peak, min;
W1---the peak width of furfural main peak, mm;
The peak width of adjacent set swarming before W2---furfural main peak, mm.
The concrete testing result of the present embodiment sample is: tR2=5.16, tR1=4.25, W1=0.51, W2=0.25.Through calculating, in the present embodiment, after pre-treatment, the furfural peak of sample and the degree of separation R at acetic acid peak are 2.43, meet the requirement that degree of separation is greater than 1.5.
embodiment 2
Furfural sample prepared by the salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass of the present embodiment different batches detects, and detects sample and comes from the furfural that Energy Source Inst., Co., Ltd., Henan Prov. Academy of Sciences adopts salt acid technological process to produce, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-treatment of sample:
A. take furfural sample 100ml prepared by salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass in 250ml beaker, add triethylamine 2ml, regulate pH to 6, so as in and testing sample in remaining hydrochloric acid and metal cation, tool stirred after 5 minutes, the centrifugal 10min of 10000r/min on supercentrifuge, will precipitate and contaminant filter after, get supernatant liquor;
B. in the supernatant of steps A, add dewatering agent anhydrous sodium sulfate 5g, stir 5min, leave standstill 10min, get supernatant liquor, for subsequent use, to be detected;
(2) gas chromatographic detection:
C. adopt gas chromatograph to measure, chromatographic parameter is set as: sample size 1 μ L; Purge packed column injection port, 200 DEG C; Post case temperature, 130 DEG C; Detector temperature, 200 DEG C; Split ratio, 20; Flow velocity, 38.5mL/min; Chromatographic column flow, 1.48 mL/min; Linear speed, 38.5cm/sec;
Described gas chromatograph is Shimadzu GC-2014 gas chromatograph, is furnished with hydrogen flame detector (FID);
Described chromatographic column is RTX-WAX capillary column, and specification is 0.25mm*0.50 μ m*30.0m;
D. according to gas chromatograph results, both can come with the retention time of the standard solution of furfural and acetic acid qualitatively, also can measure furfural content with sample peak area and standard solution peak area ratio and carry out quantitatively.
Concrete the present embodiment, taking concentration as 5,10, the furfural solution of 15g/L is as standard solution (furfural is as the pure Dr.Ehrenstorfer standard items of German import chromatographic grade), according to the chromatographic condition of step C successively sample introduction, obtains standard solution peak area.Sample is tested three times altogether, and concrete quantitatively testing result is as shown in the table.
For checking accuracy and the reliability of gas chromatography quantitative detecting method of the furfural of preparing for salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass provided by the present invention, inventor has equally further carried out the checking of three aspects:
correlativity checking
Taking concentration as 5,10, furfural (furfural is as the pure Dr.Ehrenstorfer standard items of German import chromatographic grade) the standard solution chromatogram of 15g/L is basis, with chromatographic peak area (Y) to (x) drawing standard curve of concentration of standard solution, the concentration x of standard solution is horizontal ordinate, peak area Y is ordinate, do typical curve with 3 concentration selecting, trying to achieve equation of linear regression is Y=308012x-81312.4, correlation coefficient r=0.9998.Related coefficient approaches 1 explanation gained equation of linear regression and is more suitable for trying to achieve concentration data with chromatographic peak area, thereby has proved that it is feasible in the gas chromatography quantitative detecting method of the furfural of preparing for salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass provided by the present invention, measuring furfural content with sample peak area and standard solution peak area ratio.
accuracy validation
In step (1), pass through in the sample of pre-treatment, add respectively 3 varying levels standard specimen (5,10, the furfural standard solution of 15g/L, furfural is the pure Dr.Ehrenstorfer standard items of German import chromatographic grade), under identical operating conditions, carry out replication 5 times, calculate recovery rate.The implication of this place recovery and being calculated as: when sample is measured, in identical control sample, add a certain amount of standard substance to measure, by the measured value of its measurement result deduction sample, thereby to calculate the recovery, weigh the accuracy of measurement result with this, the recovery is higher, illustrates that measurement result is more accurate.
Concrete result of calculation is as following table.COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING, in 3 different interpolation levels, the average recovery rate of furfural is 99.80%, assay method result provided by the present invention is described comparatively accurately and reliably.
degree of separation checking
In sample, furfural only has effective separation could meet detection needs with acetic acid detected peaks, specific to the present invention, the degree of separation R value of furfural main peak adjacent set swarming front with it, must be greater than 1.5, could meet the requirement separating, also furfural main peak and other compositions could be carried out to the good detection that separates.
The computing formula of degree of separation is:
；
In formula: R---the degree of separation of furfural main peak adjacent set swarming front with it;
TR1---the retention time of furfural main peak, min;
The retention time of adjacent set swarming before tR2---furfural main peak, min;
W1---the peak width of furfural main peak, mm;
The peak width of adjacent set swarming before W2---furfural main peak, mm.
The concrete testing result of the present embodiment sample is: tR2=5.15, tR1=4.24, W1=0.52, W2=0.25.Through calculating, in the present embodiment, after pre-treatment, the furfural peak of sample and the degree of separation R at acetic acid peak are 2.36, meet the requirement that degree of separation is greater than 1.5.
Claims (5)
1. a gas chromatography quantitative detecting method for the furfural of preparing for salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-treatment of sample:
A. take furfural sample prepared by salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass, add diethylamine or triethylamine, regulate pH to 6 ~ 7, stirring, centrifugal, filters to abandon to precipitate and gets supernatant liquor;
B. in the supernatant of steps A, add dewatering agent, stir, leave standstill, get supernatant liquor, for subsequent use, to be detected;
(2) gas chromatographic detection:
C. adopt gas chromatograph to measure, chromatographic parameter is set as: sample size 1 μ L; Purge packed column injector temperature, 150 ~ 200 DEG C; Post case temperature, 90 ~ 130 DEG C; Detector temperature, 150 ~ 200 DEG C; Split ratio, 15 ~ 20; Flow velocity, 25 ~ 40mL/min; Chromatographic column flow, 1 ~ 1.5 mL/min; Linear speed, 30 ~ 40cm/sec;
D. according to gas chromatograph results, measure furfural content with sample peak area and standard solution peak area ratio.
2. the gas chromatography quantitative detecting method of the furfural of preparing for salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, dewatering agent described in step B is anhydrous sodium sulfate, anhydrous calcium chloride or silica gel, to take furfural sample 100ml prepared by salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass as example, addition is 3 ~ 8g.
3. the gas chromatography quantitative detecting method of the furfural of preparing for salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in steps A, to take furfural sample 100ml prepared by salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass as example, diethylamine or triethylamine addition are 1 ~ 3ml.
4. the gas chromatography quantitative detecting method of the furfural of preparing for salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, gas chromatograph described in step C is the Shimadzu GC-2014 gas chromatograph of being furnished with hydrogen flame detector.
5. the gas chromatography quantitative detecting method of the furfural of preparing for salt acid system hydrolyzing biomass as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, chromatographic column described in step C is RTX-WAX capillary column, and specification is 0.25mm × 0.50 μ m × 30.0m.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN104655773A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-05-27 | 福建农林大学 | Method for determining acetic acid content in biomass preprocessing fluid |
| CN111847720A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-30 | 江苏南大华兴环保科技股份公司 | Pretreatment method of furan wastewater |
| CN113009002A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-22 | 中粮营养健康研究院有限公司 | Sample pretreatment method containing furfural substances and method for detecting content of furfural substances |
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Cited By (4)
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