CN104118333B - A kind of magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor pull strength method for improving - Google Patents
A kind of magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor pull strength method for improving Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor pull strength method for improving, when drawing, when train from static start traction accelerate time, some line inductance electromotors use modes of connection I to carry out wiring, and line inductance electromotor electric current is maintained I0, I0For motor max line electric current under mode of connection I;Reaching the highest when line inductance electromotor line voltage and no longer rise, line inductance electromotor electric current drops to I2Time enter switching instant point, I2For motor max line electric current under mode of connection II;After switching to mode of connection II, before again reaching traction invertor maximum output voltage, maintenance electric current is I2, line inductance electromotor reenters constant force working stage;When being braked, process is same as described above.The present invention has the advantages such as principle is simple, easy and simple to handle, with low cost.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates generally to levitation train field, refer in particular to a kind of line inductance electromotor pull strength being applicable to magnetic-levitation train
Method for improving.
Background technology
Magnetic-levitation train, as the following green traffic instrument of a kind of extensive application prospect, is increasingly able to promotion and application.Press
Speed divides, and magnetic-levitation train is divided at a high speed and medium-and low-speed maglev train, and wherein medium-and low-speed maglev train refers to speed≤150km/h,
It is applicable to the vehicles in city or outskirts of a town.
Medium-and low-speed maglev train typically uses U-shaped levitating electromagnet suspension car body, line inductance electromotor tractive manner.Linear induction
Electric motor primary is installed on car body, by applying three-phase current at primary three-phase windings, produces travelling-magnetic-field, and this magnetic field is at track
Inductive loop on secondary induction plate, secondary eddy currents magnetic field and the primary magnetic field interaction produced, produce the pull strength that train advances.
The trailer system of medium-and low-speed maglev train is typically made up of filter reactor, traction invertor and line inductance electromotor.From ground
The DC1500V/750V DC voltage that face supply station comes, provides on the vehicle of motion by awarding stream device.As trailer system,
DC1500V/750V DC voltage passes through filter reactor and traction invertor, is transformed to the alternating voltage of variable-frequency variable-voltage VVVF,
It is supplied to the primary of onboard line inductive motor.So, line inductance electromotor is the confession electric loading of vehicle-mounted traction invertor.Joining
Put, joint car one traction invertor of configuration;And a traction invertor, for the multiple stage line inductance electromotor on same joint car
Power simultaneously.When train speed is relatively low, maintenance current of electric is maximum constant-current;Along with the increase of train speed, motor
Frequency of supply increases, and motor supply voltage increases.When reaching the maximum output voltage of traction invertor, electric moter voltage cannot be again
Increase.Now, along with train speed increases further, motor frequency of supply increases further, is limited by ceiling voltage, electricity
Dynamo-electric stream increases with train speed and progressively reduces, and motor traction force also gradually reduces, thus the driving power that train is when high speed
Reduce.So, in order to meet train operation time requirement on whole circuit, raising line inductance electromotor can only be used at present
Design power and the method for traction invertor capacity.But adopt in this way, except requiring that big onboard line inductive motor designs
Beyond power and traction invertor capacity, again resulting in ground transformer station power supply unit capacity increases, and causes vehicle-mounted the most undoubtedly
Weight of equipment increases, and directly resulting in energy consumption in train journey increases, and causes whole magnetic levitation train system construction cost to increase simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that the technical problem existed for prior art, and the present invention provides a kind of principle
Simply, magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor pull strength method for improving easy and simple to handle, with low cost.
For solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor pull strength method for improving, when drawing, when train starts traction from static
During acceleration, some line inductance electromotors use mode of connection I to carry out wiring, and line inductance electromotor electric current is maintained I0, I0For
Motor max line electric current under mode of connection I;Reach the highest when line inductance electromotor line voltage and no longer rise, line inductance electromotor
Electric current drops to I2Time enter switching instant point, I2For motor max line electric current under mode of connection II.After switching to mode of connection II,
Before again reaching traction invertor maximum output voltage, maintenance electric current is I2, line inductance electromotor reenters constant force work
Stage;When being braked, process is same as described above;In above process, described mode of connection I is by several straight line senses
Answer motor to be divided into two groups, make traction invertor that two groups of line inductance electromotors are powered by wiring;Described mode of connection II is
Several line inductance electromotor each two are divided into one group, make traction invertor that many group line inductance electromotors are supplied by wiring
Electricity.
As a further improvement on the present invention: in above process, by current detection sensor real-time detection of straight lines induction machine
Electric current, receive vehicle traction braking instruction.
As a further improvement on the present invention: when carrying out mode of connection switching, use stagnant ring changing method, i.e. select suitably
Electric current tolerance Δ Imax, when train running speed increases, line inductance electromotor electric current declines therewith, when electric current drops to
I2-ΔImaxTime switch to mode of connection II.
As a further improvement on the present invention: when four bogie magnetic-levitation trains being carried out mode of connection switching, amendment traction inversion
The Motor control parameters of device;When the stator winding resistance of separate unit line inductance electromotor is rs, then when using mode of connection I, traction
It is R that the motor stator winding resistance of inverter controls parameters1=2rs;After switching to mode of connection II, traction invertor 1
Motor stator winding resistance controls parameter and changes into R accordinglys1=0.5rs。
As a further improvement on the present invention: when five bogie magnetic-levitation trains being carried out mode of connection switching, amendment traction inversion
The Motor control parameters of device;When the stator winding resistance of separate unit line inductance electromotor is rs, then when using mode of connection I, traction
It is R that the motor stator winding resistance of inverter controls parameters2=2.5rs;After switching to mode of connection II, the electricity of traction invertor
Machine stator winding resistance controls parameter should change into R accordinglys2=0.4rs。
As a further improvement on the present invention: when being controlled, according to the design parameter of line inductance electromotor, select suitably
Current of electric during motor cable wiring switching;Allowing max line electric current when separate unit line inductance electromotor designs is I0, in wiring side
During Formulas I, the maximum output supply current of traction invertor is I1=2I0;So when switching to mode of connection II, draw inversion
Device is provided that to the maximum line current of separate unit line inductance electromotor be I2=I0/2;Therefore when mode of connection I, when separate unit is straight
The line current of line induction machine drops to I2Time, motor cable is connected and switches to mode of connection II.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that:
1, the principle of the invention is simple, easy and simple to handle, can not change vehicle-mounted leading while promoting line inductance electromotor pull strength
Draw equipment, including the hardware itself of traction invertor and line inductance electromotor, so, car body weight will not be caused big impact.
2, the present invention has only to additionally to configure a connecting line changing-over mechanism, it is achieved easily, it is achieved with low cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the enforcement step schematic diagram of the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is the frame structure schematic diagram that the present invention implements.
Fig. 3 is magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor tradition pulling figure schematic diagram;Wherein Fig. 3 a is line current speed schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 b is line voltage speed schematic diagram;Fig. 3 c is pull strength speed schematic diagram;Fig. 3 d is motor output mechanical power speed
Degree schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor traditional braking characteristic schematic diagram;Wherein Fig. 4 a is line current speed schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 b is line voltage speed schematic diagram;Fig. 4 c is electric braking force speed schematic diagram;Fig. 4 d is motor output mechanical power
Speed schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is present invention principle schematic of motor mode of connection I in concrete application example 1.
Fig. 6 is present invention principle schematic of motor mode of connection II in concrete application example 1.
Fig. 7 is to use line inductance electromotor pulling figure schematic diagram after the present invention;Wherein Fig. 7 a is line current speed schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 b is line voltage speed schematic diagram;Fig. 7 c is pull strength speed schematic diagram;Fig. 7 d is motor output mechanical power speed
Degree schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 is the principle schematic of the current of electric stagnant ring handoff technique used in the present invention.
Fig. 9 is present invention principle schematic of motor mode of connection I in concrete application example 2.
Figure 10 is present invention principle schematic of motor mode of connection II in concrete application example 2.
Marginal data:
1, traction invertor;2, cable link case;3, connecting line changing-over mechanism;4, current detection sensor;5, vehicle
Traction braking instructs.
Pa-rameter symbols illustrates:
I0: motor max line electric current I under mode of connection I1: traction invertor maximum output supply current
I2: motor max line electric current Δ I under mode of connection IImax: current of electric switching tolerance
V0: for motor constant force under mode of connection I and permanent merit flex point speed
V1: for mode of connection I and mode of connection II switch speed
V2: for motor constant force under mode of connection II and permanent merit flex point speed
rs: motor stator winding resistance
Rs1: under four bogies, inverter stator winding resistance controls parameter
Rs2: under five bogies, inverter stator winding resistance controls parameter
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to Figure of description and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further details.
Principle based on electric machine speed regulation, when using permanent slip frequency control mode, according to train running speed, at pressure-limit current-limit
Under the conditions of, magnetic-levitation train tractive line inductance electromotor is divided into " constant force " and " permanent merit " two working stages.In the constant force stage,
Current of electric maintains constant maximum value constant, and motor supply voltage improves along with the increase of the speed of service, and motor traction force is basic
Remain unchanged, and output power of motor increases along with the increase of speed.When electric moter voltage reaches what traction invertor 1 can reach
During output ceiling voltage, enter the permanent merit stage;This stage motor supply voltage no longer changes, and current of electric will be along with the speed of service
Increase and reduce, therewith motor traction force also with speed increase and constantly reduce, output power of motor is along with the increase of speed
Reduce the most simultaneously.
The output mechanical power of motor is:
P=FV
Wherein F is pull strength, and V is train running speed.
As Fig. 3 (Fig. 3 a~Fig. 3 d) show magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor conventional operation spy in vehicle distraction procedure
Linearity curve, as Fig. 4 (Fig. 4 a~Fig. 4 d) show the magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor traditional work during car braking
Make characteristic curve.From Fig. 3 and 4, the peak power output of motor occurs in " constant force " and " permanent merit " two stages
Corner position;When other speed of service, output power of motor is respectively less than its peak power.When realizing owing to engineering is actual, for
Motor provides the traction invertor 1 of power supply and ground substation equipment must carry out capacity according to motor peak power and set
Meter, so under most of train running speeds, traction invertor 1 and ground substation equipment are in a underload work
Make state, directly results in the waste for electric resources and the increase of construction cost.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor pull strength method for improving of the present invention, the method is:
By the electric current of the real-time detection of straight lines induction machine of current detection sensor 4, receive vehicle traction braking instruction 5;Leading
When drawing, when train from static start traction accelerate time, some line inductance electromotors use modes of connection I to carry out wiring, straight line
Induction machine electric current is maintained I0, I0For motor max line electric current under mode of connection I;When line inductance electromotor line voltage reaches
High and no longer rise, line inductance electromotor electric current drops to I2Time enter switching instant point, I2Maximum for motor under mode of connection II
Line current.After switching to mode of connection II, before again reaching traction invertor 1 maximum output voltage, maintenance electric current is I2,
Line inductance electromotor reenters constant force working stage.When being braked, process is same as described above.In above process, institute
State mode of connection I for several line inductance electromotors are divided into two groups, make traction invertor 1 to two groups of linear inductions by wiring
Motor is powered;Described mode of connection II is for be divided into one group by several line inductance electromotor each two, by wiring order traction
Many group line inductance electromotors are powered by inverter 1.
In preferred embodiment, in order to eliminate in train travelling process, in switching current point I2Near be likely to occur carry out switchback
Change, use stagnant ring changing method (as shown in Figure 8) when switching, i.e. select suitable electric current tolerance Δ Imax, work as train operation
When speed increases, line inductance electromotor electric current declines therewith, when electric current drops to I2-ΔImaxTime switch to mode of connection II.
In preferred embodiment, when carrying out mode of connection switching, can revise the most accordingly on software further simultaneously lead
Draw the Motor control parameters of inverter 1.
In preferred embodiment, when carrying out mode of connection switching, it is to utilize a connecting line changing-over mechanism 3 to carry out cable changing-over,
I.e. utilize connecting line changing-over mechanism 3 can complete the connected mode of switch motor.
In preferred embodiment, for train from the electric braking process begun to decline at a high speed, its changing method and said method class
Seemingly, simply increasing along with braking time, train running speed reduces, and line inductance electromotor electric current increases accordingly, when electric current increases
To I2+ΔImaxTime switch over.
Concrete application example 1: as a example by four bogie magnetic-levitation trains, it is inverse that four bogie magnetic-levitation trains often save car one traction of configuration
Become device 1 and eight line inductance electromotors, a traction invertor 1 power to line inductance electromotor M1~M8 simultaneously.Tradition
On, eight line inductance electromotors use mode of connection I as shown in Figure 5, i.e. by cable link case 2 connect respectively two groups straight
Line induction machine, often group line inductance electromotor is four.Power supply under DC1500V powers, on every line inductance electromotor
The highest 265V of ac line voltage.
After using the second packet mode that the present invention proposes, as shown in Figure 6, for connection side's Formula II, will line inductance electromotor
M1~M8 is divided into four groups, and wherein M1-M2, M3-M4, M5-M6, M7-M8 divide one group respectively into, and at group M1-M2
And between group M3-M4, group M5-M6 and group M7-M8, connecting line changing-over mechanism 3 is set.When train running speed is relatively low,
Use above-mentioned connected mode I (such as Fig. 5);And when train speed is higher, switch to connection side's Formula II (as shown in Figure 6).This
Sample, uses quasi-SPWM to modulate, in the case of same inverter maximum output voltage, and separate unit line inductance electromotor maximum supply power
Terminal voltage improves to 530.4V.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that in the case of traction invertor 1 capacity (maximum output current, maximum output voltage) is constant, use this
After invention, the primary operating characteristics under the linear induction machine travel obtained is as shown in Figure 7.As seen from Figure 7, run at vehicle
Full speed range from low to high, output power of motor occurs in that two peak points;Thus at full speed range, motor is the most defeated
Going out power to increase, motor traction force increases, thus corresponding vehicle driving power gets a promotion, and the installation of traction invertor 1 is held
Amount and line inductance electromotor self driving power are preferably played.
As examples detailed above 1, for the magnetic-levitation train of four bogies, for realizing the present invention, use with lower section in engineering reality
Method.The method current detection sensor 4 by motor, uses Hysteresis Current handoff technique (as shown in Figure 8), carries out cable
The switching of connected mode;It concretely comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the design parameter of line inductance electromotor, current of electric when selecting suitable motor cable wiring to switch;
Current of electric switching condition is selected by following mode: assuming that permission max line electric current is during the design of separate unit line inductance electromotor
I0, when mode of connection I, the maximum output supply current of traction invertor 1 is I1=2I0;So switching to the mode of connection
During II, traction invertor 1 is provided that to the maximum line current of separate unit line inductance electromotor be I2=I0/2.So, connecing
During line mode I, when the line current of separate unit line inductance electromotor drops to I2Time, motor cable is connected and switches to wiring side
Formula II, here I2It is desired motor current value point during motor cable wiring switching.
(2) when train from static start traction accelerate time, initially with mode of connection I, line inductance electromotor supply lines voltage by
Step raises, and line inductance electromotor electric current maintains maximum line current I0.When train speed increases further, linear induction
Machine line voltage reaches the highest and no longer rises, and line inductance electromotor electric current will gradually reduce, when line inductance electromotor electric current declines
To I2Time, enter theoretical the best time point of switching.
(3) actual implementation is current, in order to eliminate in train travelling process, in switching current point I2Near be likely to occur come
Switchback is changed, and uses stagnant ring changing method (as shown in Figure 8) when switching, i.e. selects suitable electric current tolerance Δ Imax, work as train
When the speed of service increases, line inductance electromotor electric current declines therewith, when electric current drops to I2-ΔImaxTime switch to the mode of connection
II。
(4) when line inductance electromotor electric current reaches the switching electric current set, wiring switching is carried out;Simultaneously software on automatically
The corresponding Motor control parameters revising traction invertor 1.As a example by motor stator winding resistance, the motor control of traction invertor 1
Parameter setting method processed is as follows: assuming that the stator winding resistance of separate unit line inductance electromotor is rs, then when using mode of connection I,
It is R that the motor stator winding resistance of traction invertor 1 controls parameters1=2rs;After switching to mode of connection II, draw inversion
The motor stator winding resistance of device 1 controls parameter and changes into R accordinglys1=0.5rs。
(5) after switching to mode of connection II, it is possible to provide separate unit line inductance electromotor ceiling for accumulation voltage increase.Again reaching
Before traction invertor 1 maximum output voltage, maintain line inductance electromotor maximum current I2, line inductance electromotor reenters perseverance
Power working stage.
(6), after wiring switching, when linear induction set end voltage reaches new ceiling voltage again, train speed is further added by,
The electric current of line inductance electromotor reduces again, and line inductance electromotor will be again introduced into permanent merit working stage.In this stage, maintain straight line
The most significant end voltage that induction machine is new is constant.
(7) for train from the electric braking process begun to decline at a high speed, its changing method and above-mentioned steps (1)~(6) class
Seemingly, simply increasing along with braking time, train running speed reduces, and line inductance electromotor electric current increases accordingly, when electric current increases
To I2+ΔImaxTime switch over.
Concrete application example 2: as a example by five bogie magnetic-levitation trains, each car one traction invertor 1 of configuration and ten straight lines
Induction machine, is powered to line inductance electromotor M1~M10 by a traction invertor 1 simultaneously.Traditionally, ten motors are adopted
By mode of connection I as shown in Figure 9.Under DC1500V powers, quasi-SPWM is used to modulate, on every line inductance electromotor
The supply and AC the highest 212.1V of line voltage.
Use the present invention propose mode of connection II, line inductance electromotor M1~M10 is divided into five groups, wherein M1-M2,
M3-M4, M5-M10, M9-M8, M7-M6 divide one group respectively into, and group M1-M2, M3-M4, M5-M10,
Connecting line changing-over mechanism 3 is set between M9-M8, M7-M6.When train running speed is relatively low, employing connected mode I (as
Shown in Fig. 9);And when train speed is higher, switch to connection side's Formula II (as shown in Figure 10) that the present invention proposes.So,
Under same traction invertor 1 maximum output voltage, quasi-SPWM modulation, the maximum supply power end electricity of separate unit line inductance electromotor
Pressure improves to 530V.
As concrete application example 2, for five bogie magnetic-levitation trains, its implementation and four bogie magnetic-levitation train classes
Seemingly, simply before and after switching, the Motor control parameters of traction invertor 1 arranges and is slightly different, particularly as follows:
As supposed, the stator winding resistance of separate unit line inductance electromotor is rs, then, when using mode of connection I (such as Fig. 9), draw inverse
The motor stator winding resistance control parameter becoming device 1 is Rs2=2.5rs;After switching to mode of connection II (such as Figure 10), traction
The motor stator winding resistance of inverter 1 controls parameter should change into R accordinglys2=0.4rs。
According to ultimate principle and the thinking of the present invention, for the bogie of other quantity, it is also possible to make inferences according to example and obtain,
Therefore, it all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Below being only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-described embodiment, all belongs to
Technical scheme under thinking of the present invention belongs to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that, the ordinary skill for the art
For personnel, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor pull strength method for improving, it is characterised in that when drawing, work as train
From static start traction accelerate time, some line inductance electromotors use modes of connection I to carry out wiring, line inductance electromotor electric current
It is maintained I0, I0For motor max line electric current under mode of connection I;Reach the highest when line inductance electromotor line voltage and no longer rise,
Line inductance electromotor electric current drops to I2Time enter switching instant point, I2For motor max line electric current under mode of connection II;Switch to
After mode of connection II, before again reaching traction invertor maximum output voltage, maintenance electric current is I2, line inductance electromotor weight
Newly entering constant force working stage;Train is when being braked, and speed will constantly reduce, and current of electric is continuously increased, when motor electricity
Stream increases to I2, when electric moter voltage drops to ceiling voltage under mode of connection I, switch to mode of connection I;In above process,
Described mode of connection I, for several line inductance electromotors are divided into two groups, makes traction invertor to two groups of linear inductions by wiring
Motor is powered;Described mode of connection II is for be divided into one group by several line inductance electromotor each two, by wiring order traction
Many group line inductance electromotors are powered by inverter.
Magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor pull strength method for improving the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that upper
During stating, by the electric current of current detection sensor real-time detection of straight lines induction machine, receive the instruction of vehicle traction braking.
Magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor pull strength method for improving the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that entering
During the switching of the row mode of connection, use stagnant ring changing method, i.e. select suitable electric current tolerance Δ Imax, when train running speed increases
Time, line inductance electromotor electric current declines therewith, when electric current drops to I2-ΔImaxTime switch to mode of connection II.
4., according to the magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor pull strength method for improving described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, its feature exists
In, when four bogie magnetic-levitation trains being carried out mode of connection switching, the Motor control parameters of amendment traction invertor;Work as separate unit
The stator winding resistance of line inductance electromotor is rs, when using mode of connection I, the motor stator winding resistance control of traction invertor
Parameter processed is Rs1=2rs;After switching to mode of connection II, the motor stator winding resistance of traction invertor 1 controls parameter phase
R should be changed intos1=0.5rs。
5., according to the magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor pull strength method for improving described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, its feature exists
In, when five bogie magnetic-levitation trains being carried out mode of connection switching, the Motor control parameters of amendment traction invertor;Work as separate unit
The stator winding resistance of line inductance electromotor is rs, then when using mode of connection I, the motor stator winding resistance of traction invertor
Control parameter is Rs2=2.5rs;After switching to mode of connection II, the motor stator winding resistance of traction invertor controls parameter should
Change into R accordinglys2=0.4rs。
6., according to the magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor pull strength method for improving described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, its feature exists
In, when being controlled, according to the design parameter of line inductance electromotor, motor electricity when selecting suitable motor cable wiring to switch
Stream;Allowing max line electric current when separate unit line inductance electromotor designs is I0, when mode of connection I, the maximum of traction invertor
Output supply current is I1=2I0;So when switching to mode of connection II, traction invertor is provided that to separate unit linear induction
The maximum line current of machine is I2=I0/2;Therefore when mode of connection I, when under the line current of separate unit line inductance electromotor
It is down to I2Time, motor cable is connected and switches to mode of connection II.
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JP4401349B2 (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2010-01-20 | 東海旅客鉄道株式会社 | Linear motor car |
DE102007004919B4 (en) * | 2007-01-26 | 2018-09-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for controlling the drive of a magnetic levitation vehicle on a magnetic levitation railway line |
KR100873660B1 (en) * | 2007-07-03 | 2008-12-12 | 한국기계연구원 | Magnetic levitation train system with linear switched reluctance motor on the side |
JP5011053B2 (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2012-08-29 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Linear motor electric vehicle drive control system |
JP5281372B2 (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2013-09-04 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Electric railway vehicle drive system |
CN103895520B (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2016-07-06 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Line inductance electromotor brake control method is used in a kind of traction |
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2014
- 2014-07-23 CN CN201410352745.4A patent/CN104118333B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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