CN104113736B - A kind of aurora activities monitoring system - Google Patents
A kind of aurora activities monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104113736B CN104113736B CN201410369969.6A CN201410369969A CN104113736B CN 104113736 B CN104113736 B CN 104113736B CN 201410369969 A CN201410369969 A CN 201410369969A CN 104113736 B CN104113736 B CN 104113736B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of aurora activities monitoring system.Including：Fish eye lens for the imaging of aurora all-sky, for aurora all-sky to be imaged into the generation low-light (level) industrial camera of aurora analog video signal, the camera controller for controlling low-light (level) industrial camera and for aurora analog video signal to be converted into digitized video and by being the extraneous video encoder for providing Online Video stream function with network connection, fish eye lens is arranged on the front end of low-light (level) industrial camera, low-light (level) industrial camera is connected by BNC cables with video encoder, and camera controller electrically connects with low-light (level) industrial camera.The aurora that the present invention realizes under the conditions of the low-light of pole are well imaged, and Online Video stream function can be provided, realize completely unattended automatic observation, have the advantages that installation and it is easy to operate, cost is low, image quality is preferable, Online Video stream export and timing IMAQ, disclosure satisfy that the demand that aurora activity monitors in real time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental data technical field, more particularly to a kind of aurora activities monitoring system.
Background technology
Aurora are that solar wind plasma body caused by solar activity is sent out with polar region air caused by earth atmosphere interaction
Optical phenomenon, it is the weight for the disastrous space weather activity for influenceing artificial satellite, space station operation and mankind's solar-system operation safety
Indicator is wanted, is the important goal object of countries in the world polar expedition research.Solar-terrestrial system for the survival of mankind, along with too
The activity of sun, the space environments such as geomagnetic field variation, ionospheric disturbance can be monitored in terrestrial space by specialized instrument and equipment
Change, and aurora are as the upper atmosphere physical phenomenon that uniquely can be visually seen, in space environment research and space weather
The fields such as forecast are already taken seriously, and have obtained lasting monitoring in south poles scientific surveying station in recent decades, and develop
The more imaging observation equipment of system.Due to the special configuration in earth's magnetic field, aurora frequently appear in liftoff 25 °~30 ° of magnetic pole
In scope aurora ellipse (or being auroral oval), i.e., it can just be seen in the Antarctic Continent and the part high-latitude area of ring arctic state
That bright and colourful and magnificent mansion aurora.Some research institutions are according to the real-time observed datas such as solar activity, structure in the world
The forecasting model of aurora activity is built, where when provide may can be appreciated that aurora are joined for traveller and aurora shutterbugs
Examine, but accuracy of the forecast degree is not also very high, and the uncertainty plus the meteorological condition of locality is it is difficult to ensure that each goes out
Row is all satisfactory.
On aurora imaging observation, in early days using highly sensitive aurora television pickup system under low-light (level), with
The appearance of the development particularly EMCCD cameras of CCD camera technology, main flow observation is turned into using the monochromatic aurora imaging of optical filter and set
It is standby.It is respectively described below：
Technology 1：Fig. 1 is highly sensitive aurora television pickup system under low-light (level).Highly sensitive aurora under low-light (level)
Television pickup system【Yang Huigen, Liu Ruiyuan, yellow Dehong, the refined row of Kikuchi, the assistant rattan summer is male, small wild Gao Xing, great one, the Tian Wei in port room；
" ALL-SKY AURORAL VIDEO IMAGE ANALYZING SYSTEM ", Chinese Journal of Geophysics；05 phase in 1997】Workflow diagram as shown in figure 1,
Realized using highly sensitive SK-5 types video camera by controller adjust gain, superposition frame number and sensitivity under low-light (level)
The shooting of aurora video.Time base corrector being sent out from clock to the video image after controller and after manually adjusting
The date and time information of raw device carries out superposition processing, and final synthesis can (every 20 seconds one frames of record, be used by videodisc read write line
In quick-searching) and three Hi8 catalogs camera (being used for data sharing and backup) records.Switching switch can realize Hi8 catalogs
The image monitoring and image of camera and videodisc read write line print.Middle mountain station is mounted with the shooting system of the model in nineteen ninety-five
System, until 2011 due to ageing equipment it is retired, for Chinese Polar investigate have accumulated more than one solar period (11
Year) continuous observation data, as the aurora monitoring device of early stage, high sensitivity TV aurora camera system is sky under low-light (level)
Between environmental monitoring be made that tremendous contribution.
Technology 2：Fig. 2 is monochromatic aurora imaging system, is that the commercialization that the newest more popular south poles station uses is single
Color aurora imaging system.Its critical piece and it is described as follows：Fish eye lens 1 can collect the full visual field i.e. field range FOV as 180
゜ aurora active situation, after the collimated lens 2 of light path again by the optical filter on filter wheel 3 after, by the He of relay lens 5
The light path of rear end is adjusted to suitable imaging area and imaging angle and is ultimately imaged on EMCCD cameras 6.May be used also on filter wheel 3
To install multiple optical filters, optical filter is rotated and positioned by the timing of intelligent motor 4, it is possible to achieve different aurora features
The observation of spectral line.At present China's Antarctic Zhongshan Station, arctic KHO observation stations and middle ice pole light measuring platform be assembled with similar aurora into
As equipment.
For highly sensitive aurora television pickup system under low-light (level), although can realize highly sensitive under low-light (level)
Aurora image, but system forms complexity, and main deficiency is embodied in the following aspects：
1st, video camera own vol is huge, it is necessary under translucent cover installed outdoors or special, hardly possesses mobility；
2nd, the gain to controller, sensitivity and the adjustment of superposition frame number need manually to complete, and observe every time
Preceding all above-mentioned parameters are progressively adjusted to suitable image quality since minimum value, and observation recovers each parameter after terminating and arrived
Minimum value, time-consuming for adjustment process.In each observation process, after being relatively fixed of parameter, for powerful during aurora activity
Dynamic range, the preferable observation of weak aurora and strong aurora can not be realized simultaneously；
3rd, light-operated shutdown and timing shutdown, the required Attended mode of observation process, to avoid the strong light after sunrise can not be accomplished
To the lethal damage of camera；
4th, digital video difficulty is high, although the vision signal that can be introduced after time base corrector is provided with video acquisition
The computer timing acquiring digitized image of card, but the time on the time and computer on clock generator is difficult to realize same
Step, causes the time on image and file generated time to have differences；
5th, video image resolution ratio is not high, and the ultimate resolution of digital videoization output is only 320 × 240 pixels；
6th, the online live video stream function of network can not be realized.
For monochromatic aurora imaging system, although the aurora imaging of high quality can be realized, using in general CCD camera
512 × 512 pixels can be realized, the aurora All-sky image that temporal resolution is 10 seconds gathers；If can using EMCCD cameras
2048 × 2048 pixels are realized with highest, the aurora All-sky image that temporal resolution is 4 seconds gathers.The imaging of high quality be with
The optical component (such as high-end fish eye lens, the optical filter of low pass high transmission rate) and image-forming block (such as EMCCD phases of high cost
Machine, general ten thousand yuan of price 40-50) cost is used as, and also system forms similarly complexity, it is necessary to specially be trained to operating personnel
The installation, debugging and observation of the equipment could be started after instruction.The main weak point of the technology is embodied in the following aspects：
1st, the target of monochromatic aurora imaging is to realize the absolute measurement on aurora characteristic spectral line, for field erected such
Equipment needs periodically to carry out the demarcation of intensity in optical laboratory, bulky for the such complexity of system architecture, weight weight
Equipment to transport back home laboratory carry out demarcating difficulty it is big and cost of transportation is high；
2nd, system cost and maintenance cost are high, and the general price of technology finished product imaging system is 100~2,000,000 yuan, mainly
Difference be whether to use EMCCD cameras and runner system.Observed for polar region scientific investigation station, if fully to ensure that equipment is observed
Continuity, a standby CCD camera is the actual way of comparison, but the high EMCCD cameras of cost are for an observation item
For mesh, maintenance cost is still higher；
3rd, observing environment requires high, and why monochromatic aurora imaging system can have very high image quality key to be it
Image-forming block CCD camera can freeze to arrive under the conditions of -60 DEG C to CCD imager chips to work, and can be very good suppression camera and makes an uproar
Sound, improve signal to noise ratio.But CCD camera refrigeration is limited in scope, this requires the imager small installed in specifically observing
Room and one 0-5 DEG C of room temperature environment is maintained, in addition must also ensure that the translucent cover above camera lens is special in polar region
Frosting is unable under environment, to ensure open observation visual field condition.The storage of the unsuitable collection computer of such room temperature condition, one
As situation be will collection computer be placed on other workplace, be connected between CCD camera and computer acquisition card by cable.Bring
The problem of be that cable may be through walls or walks outdoor, for the cable of certain length, to aurora imager and collecting computer
Rational deployment needs to plan sth. ahead, and generally requires the installation that whole system could be realized after special design observation cabin；
4th, the online live video stream function of network can not be realized, the aurora image file size that the technology is generated typically exists
1~4MB, temporal resolution is 2~10 seconds, for that under the network bandwidth conditions of the existing south poles station, can not realize all
The real-time Transmission of image file can not more realize network real-time video stream function to domestic data processing center.For compeling to be essential
The research and mechanism for monitoring or Popular Science Education mechanism for wanting aurora realtime graphic or video are a kind of shortcoming.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of aurora activities monitoring system, with cost is low, image quality is preferable, installation
And the advantages that easy to operate, Online Video stream output, the demand that aurora activity monitors in real time is disclosure satisfy that, is space weather forecast
The online aurora video data of high quality is provided with fields such as aurora Popular Science Educations.
To use following technical scheme up to this purpose, the present invention：
A kind of aurora activities monitoring system, including：Fish eye lens for the imaging of aurora all-sky, for by aurora whole day
Low-light (level) industrial camera, the camera control for controlling low-light (level) industrial camera of sky imaging generation aurora analog video signal
Device and for aurora analog video signal to be converted into digitized video and by providing Online Video with network connection for the external world
The video encoder of function is flowed, the fish eye lens is arranged on the front end of low-light (level) industrial camera, the low-light (level) industrial camera
It is connected by BNC cables with video encoder, the camera controller electrically connects with low-light (level) industrial camera.
Wherein, in addition to the first light-operated switch, power supply adaptor, close fish eye lens for controlling power supply to power are set
For monitoring the first photosensitive probe of fish eye lens illumination condition and netting twine for providing network connection, described first is light-operated
The input of switch is provided with the power interface of connection civil power, and first photosensitive probe is connected with the first light-operated switch, described
The output end of first light-operated switch connects the power interface and low-light (level) industry phase of video encoder by power supply adaptor respectively
The power interface of machine, the network interface of the netting twine connection video encoder.
Wherein, in addition to the POE network switch, POE netting twines and POE separators, the input of the POE network switch
End is provided with the power interface of connection civil power and connects the network interface of extraneous network, the output end of the POE network switch
The network interface of video encoder is connected by POE netting twines, connect by the power supply of POE separators connection low-light (level) industrial camera
Mouthful.
Wherein, in addition to it is used for the IP power supplys for controlling the POE network switch, the IP power supplys are electromechanical with POE network exchanges
Property connection.
Wherein, in addition to for controlling the second light-operated switch of the POE network switch and for monitoring fish eye lens illumination
Second photosensitive probe of condition, second photosensitive probe are connected with the second light-operated switch, second light-operated switch and POE nets
Network interchanger is electrically connected with.
Wherein, in addition to camera frame, the low-light (level) industrial camera are arranged in camera frame.
Wherein, the fish eye lens is built-in with T360ND optical filters, and the type of drive of the fish eye lens auto iris is
DC driven, the fish-eye maximum ring are f/1.4, focal length 1.4mm.
Wherein, the minimum illuminance of the low-light (level) industrial camera is 0.00002 lux, the low-light (level) industrial camera
Settable shutter speed and Frame integration parameter be【(1/25,1/250,1/500,1/1000,1/2000 [second]) at a high speed, low speed
(1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256 [frame])】, the camera controller has parameter setting memory function.
Wherein, the video encoder support it is multiple H.264 with Motion JPEG code streams, can support simultaneously 3 can be single
The lower ultimate resolution code stream of 30/25fps frames speed solely configured, more code streams can be supported during identical or limitation frame speed/resolution ratio, can
Frame speed and broadband are controlled, H.264 supports VBR/CBR；The image resolution ratio that the video encoder is supported is 176 × 120 to 720
× 576, also there is the video encoder image to set function, and described image sets function to include compression, color, brightness, right
Than degree, saturation degree, 90 °/180 °/270 ° of the anglec of rotation, the regulation of aspect ratio amendment, picture control, word and image weight
Folded, privacy area masking, the video encoder support the configuration and later stage software development of particular port.
Beneficial effect：
A kind of aurora activities monitoring system of the present invention, due to the knot using fish eye lens and low-light (level) industrial camera
Close, realize the aurora under the conditions of the low-light of pole and be well imaged, the combination of video encoder and low-light (level) industrial camera, perfect reality
The digitlization conversion of existing aurora video simultaneously can provide Online Video stream by the way that the network interface of video encoder is accessed into network
Function, present invention employs fish eye lens, low-light (level) industrial camera and video encoder ripe on the market, total cost is less than 2
Wan Yuan, more than million yuan of equipment, cost performance are very high easily for relatively above-mentioned existing two kinds of technologies；Due to the said equipment volume
It is compact, in light weight, therefore install convenient, maintenance are simply, the place being adapted to fit is very wide in range.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the workflow diagram of highly sensitive aurora television pickup system under existing low-light (level).
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of existing monochromatic aurora imaging system.
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation for aurora activities monitoring system that the specific embodiment of the invention provides.
Fig. 4 a are in China's Antarctic Zhongshan Station (geographical coordinate using aurora activities monitoring system of the present invention：69 ° of 22'S,
76 ° of 22'E) 4 days 22 June in 2014:The aurora All-sky image specimen page of 03UT (during the polar night of middle mountain station) collections.
Fig. 4 b are in China's Arctic Yellow River Station (geographical coordinate using aurora activities monitoring system of the present invention：78 ° of 55 ' N,
11 ° of 56 ' E) 4 days 19 January in 2014:07:The aurora All-sky image specimen page of 27UT (during Yellow River Station polar night) collections.
In figure：
1- fish eye lenses；2- collimation lenses；3- filter wheels；4- intelligent motors；5- relay lens；6-EMCCD cameras；7-
Low-light (level) industrial camera；8- camera controllers；9- video encoders；The light-operated switches of 10- first；11- power supply adaptors；12- nets
Line；The photosensitive probes of 13- first；The 14-POE network switch；15-POE netting twines；16-POE separators；17- camera frames.
Embodiment
Further illustrate technical scheme below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and by embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation for aurora activities monitoring system that the specific embodiment of the invention provides.Such as Fig. 3 institutes
Show, a kind of aurora activities monitoring system of the present invention, including：For aurora all-sky imaging fish eye lens 1, for will
The imaging of aurora all-sky generates the low-light (level) industrial camera 7 of aurora analog video signal, for controlling low-light (level) industrial camera 7
Camera controller 8 and for aurora analog video signal to be converted into digitized video and by being carried with network connection for the external world
For the video encoder 9 of Online Video stream function, the fish eye lens 1 is arranged on the front end of low-light (level) industrial camera 7, described low
Illumination industrial camera 7 is connected by BNC cables with video encoder 9, the camera controller 8 and the electricity of low-light (level) industrial camera 7
Connection.
A kind of aurora activities monitoring system of the present invention, due to using fish eye lens 1 and low-light (level) industrial camera 7
With reference to realizing the aurora under the conditions of the low-light of pole and be well imaged, the combination of video encoder 9 and low-light (level) industrial camera 7 is complete
U.S.A realizes the digitlization conversion of aurora video and can provided online by the way that the network interface of video encoder 9 is accessed into network
Video flowing function.Present invention employs fish eye lens 1, low-light (level) industrial camera 7 and video encoder 9 ripe on the market, always
Cost is less than 20,000 yuan, and more than million yuan of equipment, cost performance are very high easily for relatively above-mentioned existing two kinds of technologies；Due to this
The said equipment has the advantages of compact, in light weight used by the aurora activities monitoring system of invention, and therefore, installation is just
Simply, the place being adapted to fit is very wide in range for prompt, maintenance.With installation and it is easy to operate, cost is low, image quality is preferable,
The advantages that line video flowing exports, the online aurora video of high quality is provided for the field such as space weather forecast and aurora Popular Science Education
Data.
Preferably embodiment, present aspect provides two kinds of power supplies and network connections scheme, i.e. optoelectronic induction power supply
Control program and based on POE power supply and Networking Solutions ＆ provisioned.As described below：
The first power supply and network connections scheme, i.e. optoelectronic induction power control scheme, are specifically included for controlling power supply
The first light-operated switch 10, power supply adaptor 11, the close fish eye lens 1 of power supply are provided for monitoring the illumination condition of fish eye lens 1
The first photosensitive probe 13 and netting twine 12 for providing network connection, the light-operated switch of the first photosensitive probe 13 and first
10 connections, the power input of first light-operated switch 10 derive from civil power, the output end connection of first light-operated switch 10
Connect the power interface of video encoder 9 and the power interface of low-light (level) industrial camera 7, the net respectively to power supply adaptor 11
Line 12 connects the network interface of video encoder 9.By the way that city is electrically accessed into the first light-operated switch 10, the first light-operated switch 10 passes through
Power supply adaptor 11 is respectively connected to video encoder 9 and low-light (level) industrial camera 7, is video encoder 9 and low-light (level) industry phase
Machine 7 provides required dc source, and netting twine 12 is connected directly to video encoder 9.The program can meet under general observation condition
Installation, solve the requirement of specific periphery illumination condition needed for aurora monitoring, pass through the first light being arranged near fish eye lens 1
Quick probe 13 is driven light-operated switch 10 with first and is engaged, and then pre- according to the first photosensitive probe 13 and the first light-operated switch 10
The intensity of illumination threshold value first set, realize that the first light-operated switch 10 automatically controls low-light (level) industrial camera 7 and the electricity of video encoder 9
The opening and closing in source, completely unattended automatic observation can be realized.When the luminous intensity of usual aurora is less than full moon
Illuminance of ground, also below the morning and evening luminous intensity before and after sunrise sunset, the present invention have chosen the JDG-20B types adjustable first of power three
Light-operated switch 10, it is 5Lux to set it to switch photosensitive threshold value in being operated on the spot, substantially meets the peripheral ring needed for aurora monitoring
The requirement of border bias light.The intensity of illumination detected according to the first photosensitive probe 13 the, (sun altitude when illumination is less than 5Lux
Less than -10 ゜), the first light-operated switch 10 automatically controls low-light (level) industrial camera 7 and opened, and when higher than 5Lux, first light-operated opens
Pass 10 automatically controls low-light (level) industrial camera 7 and closed.This is very to the low-light (level) industrial camera 7 to be worked under the conditions of height is photosensitive
Important, stronger peripheral light on the one hand can be avoided on the other hand can to avoid too strong light according to image excessively saturation is caused
Line causes the permanent damage of the CCD light sensitive devices of low-light (level) industrial camera 7.
Second of power supply and network connections scheme, i.e., based on POE power supplies and Networking Solutions ＆ provisioned, specifically include POE networks
Interchanger 14, POE netting twines 15 and POE separators 16, the input of the POE network switch 14 are provided with connection civil power
Power interface and the network interface for connecting extraneous network, the output end of the POE network switch 14 are connected by POE netting twines 15
The network interface of video encoder 9, the power interface by the connection low-light (level) of POE separators 16 industrial camera 7.Institute of the present invention
The video encoder 9 stated supports POE power supplies and network function, is connecing for achievable power supply and network by a POE netting twine 15
Enter；It is that the direct current supply to low-light (level) industrial camera 7 can be achieved by POE separators 16.This scheme supports aurora movement monitoring
System installation and deployment, fish eye lens 1 plus low-light (level) industrial camera 7 and camera controller 8 in the range of farthest 100 meters of area leaving from station
Gross weight is very compact less than 500 grams, and the place suitably installed is very wide in range.The program is applied to complex near the area of station
Installation and deployment under environment, solve the installation requirement under particular surroundings in no ready-made observation etc., video encoder 9 and low
Illumination industrial camera 7 eliminates the reliance on its attached power supply adaptor 11, it is only necessary to a can of POE netting twines 15 realize network and
The access of power supply, it is very suitable for the installation of relatively remote (in 100 meters).
In above-mentioned second power supply and network connections scheme, by increasing in the power input front end of the POE network switch 14
Time switching device is powered up, and then realizes the timing automatic observation of aurora monitoring system.The power timing switch device with
The POE network switch 14 is electrically connected with.As a preferred embodiment, the power timing switch device is IP power supplys,
The IP power supplys are connected with the POE network switch 14, and the control to the IP supply units can be by way of network come remote
Journey accesses, to control the switch of the power supply of its appointed output terminal or be arranged to time switch, to realize that being linked into IP power supplys corresponds to
The power supply of the POE network switch 14 of output port；Alternatively preferred embodiment, the time power source are opened
Device is closed as the second light-operated switch and the second photosensitive probe being used cooperatively with second light-operated switch, second light
It is quick to pop one's head in for the illumination condition for monitoring fish eye lens 1, the second light-operated switch according to its intensity of illumination threshold value set in advance with
And second photosensitive probe detection intensity of illumination, and then control the power switch of the POE network switch 14.Both embodiment party
Formula can realize unattended automatic observation.
In summary, above two power supply and network connections scheme, can realize timing IMAQ, automatic switching,
Power-off can provide enough protections, in very high remote of human cost without the advantages that specially safeguarding for whole system
Polar expedition station, especially safeguard that there is extremely strong vitality without providing, be highly suitable for the unmanned observation away from human living
Stand.
Also include camera frame 17, the low-light (level) industrial camera 7 is arranged in camera frame 17.
The maximum ring of fish eye lens 1 of the present invention is F/1.4, and focal length is 1.4mm Fijinon flake mirrors
First 1.When focal length is 1.4mm, horizontal view angle reaches 185 °, it is possible to achieve all-sky covers.In addition, in the fish eye lens 1
T360ND optical filters are equipped with, the type of drive of the auto iris of fish eye lens 1 is DC driven, by intense direct illumination
When, can be with the brightness of optimal imaging.Used low-light (level) industrial camera 7 is using Watec WAT-120N+ industry phases
Machine, its minimum illuminance are only 0.00002 lux, and shutter speed and Frame integration can be set by camera controller 8【At a high speed
(1/25,1/250,1/500,1/1000,1/2000 [second]), low speed (1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256 [frame])】Can
Choosing.In aurora monitor practical application, shutter speed is arranged to the high quality imaging that weak aurora and starry sky can be achieved in 2 or 4 frames
It is required that and video can be ensured be not in integration it is long caused by similar Caton phenomenon.And the camera controller 8 is joined
Number is configured, has memory function, does not have to repeat the running parameter for setting low-light (level) industrial camera 7 every time after power-up.Adopted
Video encoder 9 is peace news scholar's Q7401 types video encoder 9, and analog video camera is integrated into IP-based video monitoring
In system, the video encoder 9 is supported multiple H.264 with Motion JPEG code streams, and 3 can be supported can be separately configured simultaneously
The lower ultimate resolution code stream of 30/25fps frames speed, can support more code streams during identical or limitation frame speed/resolution ratio, controllable frame speed with
Broadband, H.264 support VBR/CBR；The image resolution ratio that the video encoder 9 is supported is 176 × 120 to 720 × 576, this
Invention uses 720 × 576 resolution ratio；Also there is the video encoder 9 abundant image to set function, such as compression, color, bright
Degree, contrast, saturation degree, 90 °/180 °/270 ° of the anglec of rotation, the regulation of aspect ratio amendment, and picture control, word with
Image is overlapping, privacy area shielding function etc., wherein, word can will come from observation station or Internet with image overlapping function
NTP temporal information is added in monitoring picture, obtains the precise time information of video recording at that time；Imaging importing function can incite somebody to action
The Logo of our unit is added on monitoring picture, can meet the demand of the intellectual property protection of data acquisition side；The video is compiled
Code device 9 also supports the configuration of particular port, in the station with fixation outer net IP address, can by the method for port mapping,
Realize that two methods of public network address+port or registered domain name access live video stream, this needs aurora realtime graphic or video
Research and mechanism for monitoring or Popular Science Education mechanism are very convenient；By the software development in later stage, can be in observation station it is any
The IMAQ to the video flowing specified time interval of video encoder 9 is realized on one computer, is easy to the history inspection of aurora activity
Rope, playback and data statistics work.
In summary, a kind of aurora activities monitoring system of the present invention have installation and it is easy to operate, cost is low, into
As quality preferably, Online Video stream output and the advantages that timing IMAQ, disclosure satisfy that the demand that aurora activity monitors in real time,
The online aurora video data of high quality is provided for the field such as space weather forecast and aurora Popular Science Education.In addition, this hair
It is bright to be also equipped with advantages below：
1st, present invention employs fish eye lens 1 ripe on the market, low-light (level) industrial camera 7, video encoder 9 and light-operated
Device, total cost are less than 20,000 yuan, and more than million yuan of equipment, cost performance are very high easily for relatively above-mentioned existing two kinds of technologies.
In addition, whole system power consumption only has tens watts, the relatively power of several hectowatts of upper two kinds of technologies, very environmentally friendly and energy-conservation；
2nd, good image quality and video flowing output function：The ultimate resolution that the present invention can realize is D1, i.e.,
NTSC 720 × 480, PAL 720 × 576 aurora imaging, image resolution ratio are far superior to the low-light (level) high sensitivity of technology 1
Aurora television pickup system digitized image 320 × 240 resolution ratio；In terms of IMAQ the present invention can set 1~
The digital collection of 30s arbitrary integer seconds, aurora imaging system highest 2s monochromatic compared to technology 2 temporal resolution advantage is very
Substantially；In terms of online service, the present invention can realize full frame speed while output multi-channel can separate configurations video flowing, on this is
What two technologies can not possess；
3rd, install convenient, maintenance are simple：Technology 1 and technology 2 need to build special observation cabin in installation process
The problems such as ensureing enough installing spaces and insulation, staff on duty is generally required in observation process and is set with handling the strong light pair of sunrise
Emergent management after standby damage and accident power-off.The aurora activities monitoring system compact, in light weight of the present invention, it is adapted to
The place of installation is very wide in range, can be provided enough for whole system by using the first light-operated switch 10 and the second light-operated switch
Protection, and accomplished automatic switching, power-off is without specially safeguard, in the remote polar expedition that human cost is very high
Stand, there is extremely strong vitality without providing the scope especially safeguarded.Present invention may apply to remote human living
Unmanned observation station；
4th, history and online data services function：To make full use of polar science to investigate the resource at station, typically using multiple
Equipment observation is carried out simultaneously.The aurora activities monitoring system of the present invention regularly (being traditionally arranged to be 4 seconds frames) can gather, and with
Minimum file size (25KB) is preserved, and aurora are provided for the observation (such as aurora airglow interferometer FPI) for lacking aurora imaging
The data of active situation are supported；Following advantage is also equipped with when being cooperated with monochromatic aurora imager：Monochromatic aurora imager
CCD camera, which is freezed and replied, needs about 30 minutes, when attempting long-range unmanned observation, to avoid because meteorological condition
(such as cloud layer shade, snowing) is caused the waste (monochromatic aurora imager single file is up to 4MB) in media recording space and extended
The shelf life of CCD camera, the strategy typically used be the observation present invention real-time video with determine meteorological condition at that time and
Aurora active situation, then enable monochromatic aurora imaging and formally start to observe；
5th, the real-time aurora monitoring of more stations, available for aurora and space weather forecast and space science research and science popularization
Field：The aurora activities monitoring system of the present invention is with low cost, easy for installation, maintenance simply and with network real-time video
Function, multiple monitoring points can be deployed in, such as be in the south poles scientific surveying station of aurora behaviour area and unmanned observation station.For
It is not that especially high aurora activities monitoring system can provide in real time for aurora and space weather forecast mechanism to network bandwidth requirement
Online Video, to examine the accuracy of forecasting model.Aurora activities monitoring system can also be space science research and science popularization
Field provides precious real-time aurora video data, excites researcher and popular removes to be appreciated and understood our human livings
The problem in science that solves required for solar-terrestrial physics system and face the challenge；
6th, the image definition that aurora activities monitoring system obtains is high：Fig. 4 a are to utilize aurora activities monitoring system of the present invention
In China's Antarctic Zhongshan Station (geographical coordinate：69 ° of 22'S, 76 ° of 22'E) 4 days 22 June in 2014:03UT (the middle mountain station phases at polar night
Between) collection aurora All-sky image specimen page.Fig. 4 b are in China's Arctic Yellow River Station using aurora activities monitoring system of the present invention
(geographical coordinate：78 ° of 55 ' N, 11 ° of 56 ' E) 4 days 19 January in 2014:07:The aurora of 27UT (during Yellow River Station polar night) collections
All-sky image specimen page.Two aurora specimen pages intercept from original video stream, and original image size is 768 × 576 pixels, file
Size is 25KB, and position where monitoring system installation, affiliated research unit and record time at that time are shown below image
Information.As an example, the Logo of superposition Polar Research Institute of China is gone back on Yellow River Station video flowing.In terms of specimen page picture, aurora
The position of form even star can be clearly presented.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technique according to the invention scheme and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. aurora activities monitoring system, it is characterised in that including：Fish eye lens (1), use for the imaging of aurora all-sky In aurora all-sky is imaged to the low-light (level) industrial camera (7) of generation aurora analog video signal, for controlling low-light (level) industrial The camera controller (8) of camera (7) and for aurora analog video signal to be converted into digitized video and by connecting with network The extraneous video encoder (9) that Online Video stream function is provided is connected in, the fish eye lens (1) is arranged on low-light (level) industrial camera (7) front end, the low-light (level) industrial camera (7) are connected by BNC cables with video encoder (9), the camera controller (8) electrically connected with low-light (level) industrial camera (7)；The first light-operated switch (10), the power supply for also including being used to control power supply to power are fitted Orchestration (11), close to fish eye lens (1) be provided for monitor fish eye lens (1) illumination condition the first photosensitive probe (13) and For providing the netting twine (12) of network connection, first photosensitive probe (13) is connected with the first light-operated switch (10), and described The input of one light-operated switch (10) is provided with the power interface of connection civil power, and the output end of first light-operated switch (10) is led to Cross power supply adaptor (11) and connect the power interface of video encoder (9) and the power interface of low-light (level) industrial camera (7) respectively, The network interface of netting twine (12) the connection video encoder (9).
- A kind of 2. aurora activities monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including camera frame (17), The low-light (level) industrial camera (7) is arranged in camera frame (17).
- 3. a kind of aurora activities monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fish eye lens (1) is built-in There are T360ND optical filters, the type of drive of fish eye lens (1) auto iris is DC driven, the fish eye lens (1) Maximum ring is f/1.4, focal length 1.4mm.
- A kind of 4. aurora activities monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the low-light (level) industrial camera (7) minimum illuminance is 0.00002 lux, and shutter speed and Frame integration ginseng can be set in the low-light (level) industrial camera (7) Number, the camera controller (8) have parameter setting memory function.
- A kind of 5. aurora activities monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that video encoder (9) branch Hold multiple H.264 with Motion JPEG code streams, maximum resolution under can supporting 3 30/25fps that can be separately configured frames fast simultaneously Rate code stream, more code streams, controllable frame speed and broadband can be supported when limiting frame speed/resolution ratio, H.264 supports VBR/CBR；It is described to regard The image resolution ratio that frequency encoder (9) is supported is 176 × 120 to 720 × 576, and the video encoder (9) also sets with image Put function, described image set function include compression, color, brightness, contrast, saturation degree, 90 °/180 ° of the anglec of rotation/ 270 °, the regulation of aspect ratio amendment, picture control, word be overlapping with image, privacy area masking, the video encoder (9) configuration and later stage software development of particular port are supported.
- A kind of 6. aurora activities monitoring system, it is characterised in that including：Fish eye lens (1), use for the imaging of aurora all-sky In aurora all-sky is imaged to the low-light (level) industrial camera (7) of generation aurora analog video signal, for controlling low-light (level) industrial The camera controller (8) of camera (7) and for aurora analog video signal to be converted into digitized video and by connecting with network The extraneous video encoder (9) that Online Video stream function is provided is connected in, the fish eye lens (1) is arranged on low-light (level) industrial camera (7) front end, the low-light (level) industrial camera (7) are connected by BNC cables with video encoder (9), the camera controller (8) electrically connected with low-light (level) industrial camera (7)；Also include the POE network switch (14), POE netting twines (15) and POE separators (16), the input of the POE network switch (14) is provided with the power interface of connection civil power and connects the net of extraneous network Network interface, the output end of the POE network switch (14) are connect by the network of POE netting twines (15) connection video encoder (9) Mouth, pass through the power interface that POE separators (16) connect low-light (level) industrial camera (7)；Also include being used to control POE network exchanges Second light-operated switch of machine (14) and the second photosensitive probe for monitoring fish eye lens (1) illumination condition, described second is photosensitive Probe is connected with the second light-operated switch, and second light-operated switch is electrically connected with the POE network switch (14).
- A kind of 7. aurora activities monitoring system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that also including camera frame (17), The low-light (level) industrial camera (7) is arranged in camera frame (17).
- 8. a kind of aurora activities monitoring system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the fish eye lens (1) is built-in There are T360ND optical filters, the type of drive of fish eye lens (1) auto iris is DC driven, the fish eye lens (1) Maximum ring is f/1.4, focal length 1.4mm.
- A kind of 9. aurora activities monitoring system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the low-light (level) industrial camera (7) minimum illuminance is 0.00002 lux, and shutter speed and Frame integration ginseng can be set in the low-light (level) industrial camera (7) Number, the camera controller (8) have parameter setting memory function.
- A kind of 10. aurora activities monitoring system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that video encoder (9) branch Hold multiple H.264 with Motion JPEG code streams, maximum resolution under can supporting 3 30/25fps that can be separately configured frames fast simultaneously Rate code stream, more code streams, controllable frame speed and broadband can be supported when limiting frame speed/resolution ratio, H.264 supports VBR/CBR；It is described to regard The image resolution ratio that frequency encoder (9) is supported is 176 × 120 to 720 × 576, and the video encoder (9) also sets with image Put function, described image set function include compression, color, brightness, contrast, saturation degree, 90 °/180 ° of the anglec of rotation/ 270 °, the regulation of aspect ratio amendment, picture control, word be overlapping with image, privacy area masking, the video encoder (9) configuration and later stage software development of particular port are supported.
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| CN112710389A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-04-27 | 光焱科技股份有限公司 | Light detecting device |
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| CN201690527U (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2010-12-29 | 浙江纳特智能网络工程有限公司 | Camera monitoring device |
| CN102186008B (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2013-09-11 | 中国气象科学研究院 | All-in-view lightning event observation system and method |
| CN203301523U (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2013-11-20 | 深圳市双赢伟业科技股份有限公司 | PoE switch |
| CN203466903U (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2014-03-05 | 智美达（江苏）数字技术有限公司 | Low-illumination network camera system |
| CN204013899U (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-12-10 | 中国极地研究中心 | A kind of aurora movement monitoring system |
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