CN104113478A - Wireless sensor network multipath routing protocol using cross-layer design to realize congestion control strategy - Google Patents
Wireless sensor network multipath routing protocol using cross-layer design to realize congestion control strategy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Aiming at the problem of congestion collision caused by big data transmission of a large-scale wireless sensor network, the invention relates to using a cross-layer design to realize a multipath routing protocol having a congestion control function. On the basis of an AODV routing protocol, path no-loop and path uncrossing concepts are adopted to realize multipath routing. A cross-layer design of information interaction of an MAC layer and a routing layer realizes a congestion control mechanism having initiative prevention, real-time monitoring and processing functions. A simulation experiment shows that, compared with a conventional routing protocol of congestion control which is not based on a cross-layer design, the multipath routing protocol having the congestion control function and realized on the basis of the cross-layer design has certain advantages in packet delivery rate, end-to-end transmission delay and normalization expenditure, thereby ensuring reliability and validity of a network, saving energy, and prolonging the lifetime of the network.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to network communication of wireless sensor technical field, relate to wireless sensor network route technology.
Background technology
Wireless sensor network is widely used in the fields such as military and national defense, industrial or agricultural control, city management, biologic medical, environment measuring, rescue and relief work, deathtrap Long-distance Control.In order to meet the application demand of various services, just seem most important with the Routing Protocol of topological direct correlation.It not only needs to tackle various topological scenes complicated and changeable, and need to meet the requirement of application service quality.
The service that Routing Protocol is wireless sensor network provides most basic Connection Service, and it also determines the overall performance of sensor network.In massive wireless sensor, the main target of routing Design will reduce exactly energy consumption and guarantee service quality, so design practicable Routing Protocol, just seems particularly important.Current, multipath routing policy is widely regarded as a kind of available strategy that can solve resource-constrained type sensor network stability problem.How to use efficiently the application service that multipath route technology is upper strata, also just become the primary study direction of multipath route.Due to sensor network self, in data-centered wireless sensor network, the multi-path and multi-jumper transfer of data of great deal of nodes must cause the congestion problems of network.For how processing the congestion condition often occurring in network, and then improving network service quality, promoting the emphasis that network resource utilization becomes wireless sensor network routing Design.
Summary of the invention
Main goal in research is herein exactly to design a kind of multi-path routing that cross-layer design realizes congestion control of applying.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Adopt the key technology of multipath route to realize the multi-path routing based on AODV, and the congestion control mechanism of application based on route layer and the design of MAC layer cross-layer is to being optimized based on the improved multi-path routing of AODV.
Apply the multi-path routing that cross-layer design realizes congestion control, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: do not intersect and realize the multipath routing protocols based on AODV with path by path is acyclic.
Step 2: adopt the thought of cross-layer design to realize congestion control mechanism, and then improve multi-path routing.
The concrete steps of described step 1 are:
The specific implementation of the multipath route based on AODV is, first needs the route table items of AODV to modify, and adds two of upper hop and broadcast jumping figures in routing table; By routing table and local information, guarantee that path is without loop technique and the not realization of interleaving techniques of path afterwards.
In multipath route, guarantee route acyclic employing sequence number principle and broadcast reception principle.
Sequence number principle is the routing iinformation that nodes only remains into the highest serial number of destination node, and node must have identical destination node sequence number to the mulitpath of same destination node.When this node is received the routing iinformation of higher destination node sequence number, it is invalid that the routing iinformation of all sequence numbers corresponding to old destination node is arranged.
So-called broadcast reception principle is never to broadcast any ratio shorter routing iinformation of broadcast route, never accepts a ratio longer routing iinformation of broadcast route.
In multipath route, guarantee that it is by adding upper hop and next hop information as assurance in routing table that path does not intersect.
The concrete steps of described step 2 are:
The core concept of congestion control is avoiding of taking the initiative, detects in time and process the congestion condition occurring in network, realizes the efficient resource utilization of multipath route, and then good service quality is provided.
The cross-layer design adopting is by the interactive information of route layer and MAC layer, by the monitoring to the queue length of node and channel utilization, realizes the real-time detection to wireless sensor network congestion situation.This testing result not only can be removed the congestion path of initiatively avoiding potential in Route establishment process, also can provide judging basis for network being carried out to congested processing in packet process of transmitting simultaneously.Congestion control mechanism, for dissimilar congestion condition, has adopted different congested treating methods.By resource control method and method of rate control, realize concrete congested processing, guarantee that package sends to rate, and then reach the object of optimization of network performance.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
By application of the present invention, in wireless sensor network, can overcome the network congestion problem that large transfer of data causes, take into account again the utilization of multipath route for Internet resources, improved router efficiency simultaneously, reduced control information expense, thereby saved energy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the experimental result picture that package is sent to rate;
Fig. 2 is the experimental result picture of end-to-end propagation delay time;
Fig. 3 is the experimental result picture that route is initiated frequency;
Fig. 4 is the experimental result picture of normalization expense.
embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and instantiation, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
The specific implementation of multipath route, first needs the route table items of AODV to modify, and adds two of upper hop and broadcast jumping figures in routing table.Broadcast jumping figure is the maximum hop count of individual paths in current mulitpath, if there is path to surpass this jumping figure value, will directly abandon route initiation bag.
In route finding process, by the tradeoff between transmission reliability and control overhead, determine maximum route number (Max Routing Count, MRC), and according to this requirement, carry out the foundation of multipath.Meanwhile, in route maintenance procedure, by a path failure record value IRC(Invalid Routing Count need to be set at source node), for path failure information, add up.When IRC equals MRC, just restart route discovery mechanisms, and this value of resetting is 0.
Cross-layer design is by the information interaction of route layer and MAC layer, realizes the real-time detection to node congestion condition and channel congestion situation.This testing result not only can be removed the congestion path of initiatively avoiding potential in Route establishment process, simultaneously also can in packet process of transmitting, to network, carry out congested processing, guarantees that package sends to rate, and then reaches the object of optimization of network performance.
Buffer queue is detected and mainly from two aspects, detected, the one, the detection of length of buffer queue, the 2nd, the detection of the rate of rise of buffer queue.It is present node to be about to a kind of listening detection of transmitting channel that channel utilization detects, and is to utilize the CSMA technology of MAC layer to add up the Idle of channel and Busy state, thereby obtains channel occupancy situation.
Congestion processing method is to adopt according to the distance of the distance to source node to judge and adopt which kind of method of rate control.Congested processing is divided into two kinds of methods, and a kind of is by resource control method, and main path directly adopted bypass path to carry out data retransmission after losing efficacy; Another kind method is method of rate control, by the information of feedback, the speed of upstream node or source node is controlled.
The Routing Protocol relating to herein has not only guaranteed the advantage of multipath, has also adopted congestion control mechanism simultaneously.This method for designing of maximizing favourable factors and minimizing unfavourable ones in conjunction with different routing policies is also the initial design concept of AODV.By contrasting last experimental result, proved according to the improvement of this strategy and be feasible and be effective.
In requisition for what illustrate, be finally; above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described; although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the modification that can expect easily or be equal to replacement, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a wireless sensor network multi-path Routing Protocol of realizing congestion control policy based on cross-layer design, it is characterized in that: design a kind of mechanism that cross-layer design realizes congestion control of applying, when large data retransmission in multipath route, this mechanism can adapt to network change fast, guarantees the reliability of network data transmission; Meanwhile, owing to thering is the assurance of multipath route technology, can be so that the Routing Protocol based on AODV improves the resource utilization of network and the stability of enhancing network.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: designed application cross-layer design realizes the mechanism of congestion control, the congestion path that may occur in network by avoiding initiatively, the route situation in real time monitoring network, and initiatively eliminate the network congestion producing in network.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the theory designing by cross-layer realizes the information interaction of MAC layer and route layer, reduces to repeat monitoring and calculate; The double check method of employing based on nodal cache queue and channel loading, by the result monitoring, in route finding process, initiatively avoid potential congested node, and process the congestion problems on transmission path with resource control method and method of rate control.
4. according to method described in claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: Routing Protocol of the present invention, there is the technology of multipath route as assurance, adopted again congestion control mechanism, for data-centered Routing Protocol provides good technical support, and then the service quality of lifting network.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116634521A (en) * | 2023-07-20 | 2023-08-22 | 天津七一二通信广播股份有限公司 | Cross-layer protocol architecture integrating MAC layer and routing layer and implementation method |
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| CN101980565A (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2011-02-23 | 重庆邮电大学 | QoS-based Ad Hoc network adaptive node speed multi-path routing method |
| CN102104912A (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2011-06-22 | 黄东 | Heterogeneous service-based congestion control method for wireless mesh network |
| CN103476086A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-25 | 南京理工大学 | Dynamic multi-path AODV routing method based on node congestion degree prediction |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101980565A (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2011-02-23 | 重庆邮电大学 | QoS-based Ad Hoc network adaptive node speed multi-path routing method |
| CN102104912A (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2011-06-22 | 黄东 | Heterogeneous service-based congestion control method for wireless mesh network |
| CN103476086A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-25 | 南京理工大学 | Dynamic multi-path AODV routing method based on node congestion degree prediction |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116634521A (en) * | 2023-07-20 | 2023-08-22 | 天津七一二通信广播股份有限公司 | Cross-layer protocol architecture integrating MAC layer and routing layer and implementation method |
| CN116634521B (en) * | 2023-07-20 | 2023-11-10 | 天津七一二通信广播股份有限公司 | Cross-layer protocol architecture integrating MAC layer and routing layer and implementation method |
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