CN104113145A - Receiving device and method for simultaneously performing radio frequency energy extraction and data communication - Google Patents
Receiving device and method for simultaneously performing radio frequency energy extraction and data communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN104113145A CN104113145A CN201410356181.1A CN201410356181A CN104113145A CN 104113145 A CN104113145 A CN 104113145A CN 201410356181 A CN201410356181 A CN 201410356181A CN 104113145 A CN104113145 A CN 104113145A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
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Abstract
The invention provides a receiving device and a method for simultaneously performing radio frequency energy extraction and data communication. The receiving device comprises a receiving port, an energy extraction circuit and a power management unit, wherein the receiving port is used for receiving radio frequency signals coming from the outside; the energy extraction circuit is connected to the receiving port and used for extracting power signals and data signals out of the radio frequency signals, outputting the power signals to a power management unit and outputting the data signals to a communication unit; and the power management unit is connected with the energy extraction circuit and used for receiving the power signals and storing energy extracted by the energy extraction circuit. According to the technical scheme, wireless energy collection and data communication can be performed simultaneously, and accordingly a mobile device or a handheld device can provide electric energy for itself while performing data communication.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, in particular to a kind of receiving system and a kind of method of carrying out radio-frequency (RF) energy extraction and data communication simultaneously.
Background technology
Wireless technology based on radio frequency makes three unique systemic-functions become possibility, i.e. radio communication (data/voice), wireless sensing (parameter) and wireless power (energy).The first two wireless application visible their figure all in present life, and changed our daily life.The 3rd wireless application-wireless energy transfer or transmission (WPT) are rarely known by the people in the public, not yet obtain so far good development and application.Strictly speaking, any nature in space or artificial electromagnetic radiation and transmission should be called as WPT, but we conventionally with WPT refer in particular to " towards electric power ", well below the Energy Transfer on the wireless frequency in infrared ray and optical frequencies.
Through the development of nearly more than 20 years, high-density power device, low power consumption integrated circuit, the circuit structure of high efficiency RECTIFYING ANTENNA and innovation promotes the progress of various wireless energy transmission technologies.In addition, crucial role has been played the part of in emerging application and market on promotion and " propelling " WPT, for example in biomedical engineering, implant the cmos device of exempting from energy content of battery gathering system, non-contact type wireless radio-frequency (RF) identification (RFID) in security application and communications and transportation, and long-range charging and the power supply of electric automobile and mobile device.
The feature of mobile device and hand held system is that power consumption and voltage driving are more and more lower, this has benefited from the develop rapidly of less honeycomb and advanced CMOS technology, along with the fast development of mobile device and hand held system, it makes these equipment collect the electromagnetic energy from broadcast service and radio communication in surrounding environment becomes possibility to these equipment power supplies.Therefore, aspect wireless energy transfer and collection, developing a kind of separate transceivers and realize transmission and the reception of data and energy, will be research and the application focus of wireless system of future generation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, just based on the problems referred to above, has proposed a kind of technology of simultaneously carrying out radio-frequency (RF) energy extraction and data communication, can utilize receiver module to receive wirelessly data and energy simultaneously.
In view of this, according to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of receiving system, having comprised: receiving port, for receiving from outside radiofrequency signal; Energy extraction circuit, is connected to described receiving port, for extracting power signal and data-signal from described radiofrequency signal, exports described power signal to power management block, and exports described data-signal to communication unit and carry out data communication; Described power management block, is connected to described Energy extraction circuit, for receiving described power signal, stores the energy of described Energy extraction circuit extraction.
In the output of receiving port, increase Energy extraction circuit, from the radiofrequency signal receiving, extract power signal and data-signal (data-signal can be intermediate-freuqncy signal or low frequency signal), this power signal is for radio frequency power harvesting, and data-signal is for data communication.Therefore, Energy extraction circuit extracts direct current power from the radio-frequency carrier receiving, and from identical radio-frequency carrier the needed power of supported data communication, realized the collection of carrying out wireless energy in data communication.
In technique scheme, preferred, described Energy extraction circuit comprises rectification circuit, for described radiofrequency signal is carried out to rectification processing, obtains described power signal and data-signal.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferred, described receiving port comprises N output port, and described N is more than or equal to 2 integer; Described rectification circuit comprises N rectifier, and a described N rectifier and a described N output port connect one to one.
The receiving port of any structure all can be incorporated into this, up to the present the output port quantity of receiving port have 2,4,8 and combination kind.Should be understood that odd number multiport receiver is also possible.Because receiving port has multiple output ports, therefore each output port can connect a rectifier (being power detector), the radiofrequency signal that is used for that output port is exported carries out rectification processing and power reads, and power signal is separated from intermediate frequency or low-frequency data signal, for power scavenging.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferred, each rectifier comprises: the rectification unit being made up of multiple diodes, converts described radiofrequency signal to described power signal and data-signal; Filter circuit, receives the output signal from described rectification unit, filters out described data-signal from described output signal, and residual signal is described power signal.
The output signal of rectification unit is after filtering after the filtration of circuit, allows separating of data-signal and rectification direct current signal, and direct current signal (being power signal) is imported in power scavenging device (being power management block).
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferably, described rectifier also comprises low pass filter or band pass filter, is connected between described rectification unit and described receiving port, described radiofrequency signal is carried out to filtration treatment, and export the radiofrequency signal through filtration treatment to described rectification unit.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferred, described rectifier also comprises impedance matching network, is connected between described low pass filter or band pass filter and described rectification unit.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferred, described filter circuit is the topological structure of electric capacity and/or inductance.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferred, the topological structure of described rectification unit is the one in following structure: the cascaded structure of multiple diodes, the parallel-connection structure of multiple diodes, voltage multiplication formula structure, bridge architecture.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferred, in the time that described rectification unit is composed in series or is composed in parallel by multiple diodes, each diode is also connected with resistance, to protect respective diode.In order to make diode avoid the damage of static discharge, adopt the path with high value resistor to protect diode.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferred, described power management block comprises: battery and/or super capacitor; Electric pressure converter, is connected to described battery and/or super capacitor, for described power signal is carried out to voltage transitions, and exports the power signal after voltage transitions to described battery and/or super capacitor, so that described battery and/or super capacitor are charged.To guarantee providing a constant direct voltage to supply with.Available a kind of low leakage capacitance is as the memory unit in power management block, and the level of low-voltage drawn high by a DC-to-DC converter.According to a further aspect in the invention, also provide one to carry out radio-frequency (RF) energy extraction and data communications method simultaneously, having comprised: received from outside radiofrequency signal; From described radiofrequency signal, extract power signal and data-signal; Export described power signal to power management block, to carry out energy storage, and export described data-signal to communication unit, to carry out data communication.
In technique scheme, preferred, adopt rectification circuit to carry out rectification processing to described radiofrequency signal, obtain described power signal and described data-signal.
In the output of receiving port, increase Energy extraction circuit, extract power signal and data-signal from the radiofrequency signal receiving, this power signal is for radio frequency power harvesting, and data-signal is for data communication.Therefore, Energy extraction circuit extracts direct current power from the radio-frequency carrier receiving, and from identical radio-frequency carrier the needed power of supported data communication, realized the collection of carrying out wireless energy in data communication.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of six ports (one of the conventional multiport) receiver in correlation technique;
Fig. 2 shows the Basic architecture figure of receiving system according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of receiving system according to an embodiment of the invention;
The handling process schematic diagram that Fig. 4 carries out collection of energy and data communication when showing corresponding to receiving system shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of the rectification circuit in receiving system shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 shows the schematic diagram of receiving system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 shows output direct current power that this rectifier obtains emulation and the measurement result with respect to input power;
Fig. 8 shows emulation and the measurement result of RF-DC (radio frequency-direct current) conversion efficiency with respect to input power;
Fig. 9 shows the flow chart that simultaneously carries out according to an embodiment of the invention radio-frequency (RF) energy extraction and data communications method.
Embodiment
In order more clearly to understand above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further described in detail.It should be noted that, in the situation that not conflicting, the feature in the application's embodiment and embodiment can combine mutually.
A lot of details are set forth in the following description so that fully understand the present invention; but; the present invention can also adopt other to be different from other modes described here and implement, and therefore, protection scope of the present invention is not subject to the restriction of following public specific embodiment.
The basic functional principle of N end receiver and essential characteristic are recorded in a lot of public publications, understand according to the operation principle of receiving system of the present invention for convenient, below taking six end receivers as example, the basic functional principle of simple declaration six end receivers, although hereinafter taking six end receivers as example, should understand N end receiver and all can be incorporated into this and realize according to receiving system of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of six end receivers in correlation technique.
As shown in Figure 1, described the structure of six port receivers, in general, the structure of six port receivers mainly comprises two parts, i.e. AFE (analog front end) 102 and digital front-end 104.AFE (analog front end) 102 is made up of six port ones 022 that are connected to power detector network.Six port ones 022 are linear units, comprise two inputs (radio frequency (RF) signal receiving and local oscillator (LO) signal) and four outputs (forming four kinds of different array outputs with certain phase relation by RF and LO signal).The power signal recording is input to analog to digital converter (ADC) by analog signal, so that analog signal is converted to digital signal, the data after conversion is input to communications portion (for example FPGA).Digital front-end 104 comprises analog to digital converter and communications portion.Should be understood that, under some actual conditions, ADC may be included in FPGA module.FPGA circuit board comprises necessary digital signal processor, and this is that calculating complex baseband signal is needed.
The research and development of the multiport technology based on former, can be referring to Fig. 2 according to the Basic architecture of receiving system of the present invention, power harvester 2042 can be extracted the radio-frequency (RF) energy of radiofrequency signal, and data transmission unit 2044 completes data communication, carries out Energy extraction and transfer of data simultaneously.In such structure, when can realizing data message and direct current power, receive, data message can extract from modulated carrier signal, and direct current power can obtain from radio-frequency carrier component.
Synchronous energy is collected and data communication is the very promising method of one of follow-on self-powered or energy mix and communication system.In general, simple in structure, low-power consumption, volume is little, cost is low and be all that emerging wireless transceiver is necessary at a high speed.Than heterodyne system transmitting-receiving scheme, the application of multiport technology in transceiver design demonstrated significant advantage.Because the power of multiport homodyne technique reads simply, but not the frequency mixer of employing high-power driving, therefore multiport homodyne technique is always very noticeable.Therefore, the receiver based on six ports is the favourable optimization to existing reception topological structure.Except the I and Q component of rectified signal, can obtain (DC) direct current signal from the output of six end receivers.This DC component can be recycled or be used to the system power supply except battery.This is by the useful life that alleviates the burden of battery or extend battery.Therefore, the receiver of synchrodata and energy can be implemented, and this scheme is similar to mixes pneumatic/motor vehicle, and the motion of this vehicle can produce electric power and be used further to the power supply of vehicle self.
There is bifunctional data and power receiving system in order to realize one simultaneously, the power detector of six port receivers and filtering part are rectified module and substitute, this rectification module has very high radio frequency-direct current conversion efficiency, and also has the ability that separates intermediate frequency or low-frequency data signal and DC power signal.Referring to Fig. 3, according to the present invention, receiving system is based on six port reception techniques, and it mainly comprises 302,4 Energy extraction circuit 304 of six port joint, a power management block 306 and a communication unit 308, this communication unit 308 comprises ADC module and FPGA module.In Fig. 3, Energy extraction circuit 304 and power management block 306 are corresponding to the power harvester 2042 in Fig. 2, and communication unit 308 is corresponding to the data transmission unit 2044 in Fig. 2.Six ports 302 receive the radiofrequency signal from for example reflector of outside, Energy extraction circuit 304 is processed this radiofrequency signal, isolate DC power signal and data-signal (intermediate frequency or low frequency signal), wherein, DC power signal is output to power management block 306, carry out collection of energy, can be receiver power supply, realize the self-powered of receiver; Data-signal is output to communication unit 308, realizes transfer of data.
In Fig. 3, due to based on six port techniques, therefore You Si road output connects an Energy extraction circuit 304 in each output, to extract the radio-frequency (RF) energy in each output.
Although it will be understood by those skilled in the art that in this article, with six port techniques, the embodiment according to receiving system of the present invention is described, in fact, current N port reception technique all can be incorporated into this, an Energy extraction circuit of the upper connection of each output.
Can be referring to Fig. 4 according to the process chart of receiving system of the present invention, Fig. 4 is the process chart that simultaneously carries out wireless power transmission and data communication.
As shown in Figure 4, first, six port joints receive from outside radiofrequency signal 402, then this radiofrequency signal is transfused to rectification circuit and processes 404, the output of rectification circuit is divided into two parts: be transferred to a best ohmic load and collect part 406 with the wireless energy of realizing power scavenging, and be transferred to data communication units to realize the data communication part 408 of data extraction procedure.The extraction of data-signal is by the incompatible realization of coherent group of these Multi-ported Data signals.Once collect direct current power or rectified wave from all outputs of six port joints, the direct voltage of all collecting will be regulated by power management block, to guarantee providing a constant direct voltage to supply with.Available a kind of low leakage capacitance as power management block in memory unit, and the level of low-voltage is drawn high by a DC-to-DC converter.
Description based on is above known, after RF signal is received by reception antenna, and by six port joints, in four outputs and LO signal combination, thus four signals of formation out of phase.They are injected into rectification circuit at these four outputs.The output signal of this rectification circuit, by some filter processes, is then transferred to communication unit and is carried out demodulating process and data extraction.This filter process allows separating of data-signal (base band) and rectification direct current.The simplest circuit can do by suitable capacitive form, and these capacitors can allow base band to pass through, and but can stop whole DC component, and DC component can be re-entered in power management block.
In receiving system according to the present invention, be Energy extraction circuit compared with part and parcel, this Energy extraction circuit can be made up of rectification circuit.Below in conjunction with Fig. 5 further describe according to the rectification circuit in receiving system of the present invention based on form and basic functional principle.
As shown in Figure 5, generally, the rectification circuit being connected with six port joints 502 can comprise: low pass filter or band pass filter 504 (under some application scenarios, this filter may be optional), adopt low pass filter or band pass filter, depend on different operating frequencies, suppress undesired high order harmonic component by rectifier cell; Impedance matching network 506; Rectifier cell 508, in the present embodiment, this rectifier cell is made up of one or more diodes, and concrete topological structure is certainly in the configuration of receiving system structure; One is used for smooth dc voltage output and improve the filter circuit 510 of systematic function, and the high order harmonic component producing in the Nonlinear Processing process of rectification is decayed; A DC load (or DC-to-DC charging module).
It should be noted that, rectification circuit has different topological structures, in the present embodiment, can need to select suitable topological structure according to practical application, as the cascaded structure of multiple diodes, the parallel-connection structure of multiple diodes, voltage multiplication formula structure and bridge architecture.Cascaded structure and parallel-connection structure can reduce diode losses, and can be used as the good alternative construction of low-power rectifier design.The rectification circuit of two diode compositions in a voltage multiplication formula structure can produce than the VD of at least high twice of single diode rectifier, and the size of circuit remains unchanged simultaneously.Should be understood that above-mentioned example is only a kind of example, is not limited to the present invention.For realizing wireless power transmission, key is to realize the rectification circuit of radio frequency to the efficient conversion efficiency of direct current.Have efficient radio frequency in the rectification circuit of the conversion efficiency of direct current in design, diode is most important element.The power conversion efficiency of a rectifier is mainly to be decided by three parameters of diode, series resistance (Rs) has directly limited efficiency by power loss, zero inclined to one side junction capacitance (Cj0), affected the harmonic current by Diode oscillation, and puncture voltage (Vbr) limits the power handling capability (this can use in high-power applications) of rectification circuit.In order to realize rectification, be necessary the diode of selecting one to there is speed-sensitive switch characteristic, to can process high-frequency input signal, and this diode need have lower cut-ff voltage, to can work in the time that RF input power is lower.
Next further illustrate the another embodiment according to receiving system of the present invention in conjunction with Fig. 6.In the present embodiment, rectification circuit comprises band pass filter 504, impedance matching network 506 and rectifier cell, filter circuit 510, and wherein rectifier cell comprises two diodes (602 and 604), and filter circuit 510 is electric capacity.Rectification circuit can be separated direct current component from intermediate frequency or low frequency part, can collect direct current power from the rectified wave of each output port of six ports 504, and can keep intermediate frequency or low frequency (relevant to the base band) part of rectified wave output simultaneously, and send it to decoder execution demodulating process.After harmonic supression filter, complete (should be understood that this direct current block-condenser can be integrated in filter) with a direct current block-condenser.The collected direct current component of rectification circuit provides bucking-out system power loading or the required power that charges the battery.Relate to the data processing unit that whole I of the RF signal receiving and the intermediate frequency of Q component or low frequency part are directed to receiver.
As mentioned above, the invention provides a kind of simple rectification topological structure, this structure can be used in the self-powered transceiver configuration of possibility.In the present embodiment; also design two very high paths of resistance with high value resistor design and protected diode; make its damage of avoiding static discharge (ESD), and in the time that diode is injected into the signal of a high dynamic range, can prevent that diode from being burnt.The design of impedance matching network can decide according to the input impedance of diode.
Can normally be operated in microwave and millimeter wave frequency band in order to ensure structure proposed by the invention, rectifier is designed to work in 24GHz.According to simulation result, the rectifier in the time of the RF input power of 35mW and 610 Ω ohmic loads is best.Fig. 7 shows output direct current power that this rectifier obtains emulation and the measurement result with respect to input power, and Fig. 8 shows emulation and the measurement result of radio frequency-direct current conversion efficiency with respect to input power.The model machine of making mates with 23GHz, therefore what record is efficiency measured in the time of 23GHz, and it has shown better performance under this frequency.4% the frequency displacement (1GHz) producing at 24GHz between emulation and the model machine made is acceptable.It should be noted that, at millimeter wave frequency band, be to have certain difference between the emulation of efficiency and measurement result.This deviation is considered to because the effect of the Non-linear Junction Capacitance of rectifier diode.In the time that input power is less than 35mW, conversion efficiency increases gradually, because the voltage of diode exceedes puncture voltage, conversion efficiency declines rapidly afterwards.
Receiving system according to the present invention can be applicable to Wireless Telecom Equipment, the portable mobile apparatus such as such as mobile phone, panel computer, intelligent watch.
As shown in Figure 9, carry out according to an embodiment of the invention radio-frequency (RF) energy extraction and data communications method simultaneously, can comprise the following steps:
Step 902, receives from outside radiofrequency signal; Step 904 extracts power signal and data-signal from radiofrequency signal; Step 906, exports power signal to power management block, to carry out energy storage, and exports data-signal to communication unit, to carry out data communication.
In technique scheme, preferred, adopt rectification circuit to carry out rectification processing to radiofrequency signal, obtain power signal and base-band data signal.
In the output of receiving port, increase Energy extraction circuit, extract power signal and data-signal from the radiofrequency signal receiving, this power signal is for radio frequency power harvesting, and data-signal is for data communication.Therefore, Energy extraction circuit extracts direct current power from the RF carrier wave receiving, and from the identical needed power of the supported data communication of RF carrier schemes, has realized the collection of carrying out wireless energy in data communication.
More than be described with reference to the accompanying drawings according to technical scheme of the present invention; can carry out Energy extraction and data communication according to receiving system of the present invention simultaneously; thereby make radio-frequency (RF) energy can be recycled or be used to the system power supply except battery, this be by the useful life that alleviates the burden of battery or extend battery.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a receiving system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Receiving port, for receiving from outside radiofrequency signal;
Energy extraction circuit, is connected to described receiving port, for extracting power signal and data-signal from described radiofrequency signal, exports described power signal to power management block, and exports described data-signal to communication unit and carry out data communication; Described power management block, is connected to described Energy extraction circuit, for receiving described power signal, stores the energy of described Energy extraction circuit extraction.
2. receiving system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Energy extraction circuit comprises rectification circuit, for described radiofrequency signal is carried out to rectification processing, obtains described power signal and data-signal.
3. receiving system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described receiving port comprises N output port, and described N is more than or equal to 2 integer;
Described rectification circuit comprises N rectifier, and a described N rectifier and a described N output port connect one to one.
4. receiving system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, each rectifier comprises:
The rectification unit being made up of multiple diodes, is converted to described radiofrequency signal described power signal and obtains described data-signal by interference technique by power rectification;
Filter circuit, receives the output signal from described rectification unit, filters out described data-signal from described output signal, and residual signal is described power signal.
5. receiving system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described rectifier also comprises low pass filter or band pass filter, be connected between described rectification unit and described receiving port, described radiofrequency signal is carried out to filtration treatment, and export the radiofrequency signal through filtration treatment to described rectification unit.
6. receiving system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described rectifier also comprises impedance matching network, is connected between described low pass filter or band pass filter and described rectification unit.
7. receiving system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described filter circuit is the topological structure of electric capacity and/or inductance.
8. receiving system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the topological structure of described rectification unit is the one in following structure:
Parallel-connection structure, voltage multiplication formula structure, bridge architecture that the cascaded structure that multiple diodes form, multiple diode form.
9. receiving system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in the time that described rectification unit is composed in series or is composed in parallel by multiple diodes, each diode is also connected with resistance, to protect respective diode.
10. according to the receiving system described in any one in claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that, described power management block comprises:
Battery or super capacitor;
Electric pressure converter, is connected to described battery or super capacitor, for described DC power signal is carried out to voltage transitions, and exports the power signal after voltage transitions to described battery or super capacitor, so that described battery or super capacitor are charged.
11. 1 kinds are carried out radio-frequency (RF) energy extraction and data communications method simultaneously, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Receive from outside radiofrequency signal;
From described radiofrequency signal, extract power signal and data-signal;
Export described power signal to power management block, to carry out energy storage, and export described data-signal to communication unit, to carry out data communication.
12. radio-frequency (RF) energy extraction and the data communications methods of simultaneously carrying out according to claim 11, is characterized in that, adopt rectification circuit to carry out rectification processing to described radiofrequency signal, obtain described power signal and described data-signal.
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| CN201410356181.1A CN104113145B (en) | 2014-07-24 | 2014-07-24 | Receiving device and method for simultaneously performing radio frequency energy extraction and data communication |
| PCT/CN2014/083838 WO2016011676A1 (en) | 2014-07-24 | 2014-08-06 | Receiving apparatus and method for simultaneously performing radio frequency energy extraction and data communication |
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