CN104111471B - Neutron detector and neutron detection method - Google Patents
Neutron detector and neutron detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104111471B CN104111471B CN201310136203.9A CN201310136203A CN104111471B CN 104111471 B CN104111471 B CN 104111471B CN 201310136203 A CN201310136203 A CN 201310136203A CN 104111471 B CN104111471 B CN 104111471B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of neutron detector and neutron detection method.Neutron detector includes to carry out gas electron multiplier structure and the read-out electrode for reading the electronic signal after amplifying of gas amplification for the Drift electrodes that provide drift field, apply boron gas electron multiplier structure, the primary electron for producing after changing neutron for changing incident neutron；Drift electrodes, painting boron gas electron multiplier structure, gas electron multiplier structure and read-out electrode are disposed in parallel relation to one another and are sequentially arranged；Apply boron gas electron multiplier structure to constitute using the first gas electron multiplier film of at least one cascade, and at least one side of first gas electron multiplier film scribbles boron layer.The neutron detector of the present invention, neutron detection efficiency can be greatly improved and counting rate is high, temporal resolution is good, can achieve the time resolution of higher amount level, while the advantage γ rejection ability that the neutron detector has gas detector concurrently is high, low cost and can large-area manufacturing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to neutron detection technology, more particularly to a kind of neutron detector and neutron detection method.
Background technology
With the raising of neutron science apparatus performance of new generation, new challenge is proposed to neutron detector.Neutron beam
Flux more and more higher requires that neutron detector has high count rate, is to improve neutron utilization rate while shortening in time of measuring requirement
Sub- detector has a high detector efficiency, and the spatial dimension width of measurement requires that detector area is big, the carrying of spectrometer resolution ratio
High request detector has high position resolution (～mm).
In order to meet the demand, the current overwhelming majority of existing neutron detector adopts hyperbar3During He gas is carried out
Son detection, is broadly divided into two classes：One class be using many location-sensitive hyperbars3He pipe is combined into a surface detector system,
The position resolution of 2～5mm is can reach under suitable electronics readout condition；Another kind of is hyperbar3He multiwire proportional chamber,
Position resolution about 2mm；This two classes detector can realize large area detection, and detection efficient reaches more than 50%, γ rejection ratio height,
And all have commercially produced product, it is the technology of a technical maturity.
But during the present invention is realized, inventor has found at least to have the disadvantage that in prior art：Existing
Neutron detector, the overwhelming majority adopt hyperbar3He gas carries out neutron detection, however, this be based on3The Detection Techniques sheet of He
Levy numerical ability limited (e.g., less than 100kHz), flight time (Time of Flight；TOF) temporal resolution is poor,
The demand of currently high-throughout neutron detector development can not be met.
Content of the invention
The brief overview being given below with regard to the present invention, to provide the basic reason with regard to certain aspects of the invention
Solution.It should be appreciated that this general introduction is not the exhaustive general introduction with regard to the present invention.It is not intended to determine the key of the present invention
Or pith, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention.Its purpose only provides some concepts in simplified form, with
This is used as the preamble in greater detail that discusses after a while.
The present invention provides a kind of neutron detector and neutron detection method, for solving using hyperbar in prior art3He gas carries out neutron detection, the defect for causing the limited and temporal resolution of intrinsic numerical ability poor, disclosure satisfy that current height
The demand of the neutron detector development of flux.
The invention provides a kind of neutron detector, including the Drift electrodes for providing drift field, for incidence
The painting boron gas electron multiplier structure changed of neutron, carry out for the primary electron to producing after neutron conversion
The gas electron multiplier structure that gas amplifies and the read-out electrode for reading the electronic signal after gas amplifies；The drift
Shift electrode, the painting boron gas electron multiplier structure, the gas electron multiplier structure are mutually equal with the read-out electrode
Row is arranged, and is sequentially arranged；The first gas electronics times for boron gas electron multiplier structure being applied using at least one cascade
Increase device film to constitute, and at least one side of the first gas electron multiplier film scribbles boron layer；The gas electron multiplier knot
Structure includes second gas electron multiplier film.
Present invention also offers a kind of neutron detection method, the neutron detection method is using the detection of as above neutron detector
Neutron, the neutron detection method include：
Apply boron gas electron multiplier structure incident neutron is changed, obtain primary electron；
The drift field that Drift electrodes are provided is acted on to the primary electron so that the primary electron is near gas
The direction drift of body electron multiplier structure；
The gas electron multiplier structure carries out gas amplification to the primary electron, the e-mail after being amplified
Number；
In the presence of electric field, the direction to close read-out electrode drifts about electronic signal after the amplification；
The read-out electrode reads the electronic signal after amplifying.
The neutron detector of the present invention and neutron detection method, apply boron gas electron multiplier structure to incidence by adopting
Neutron changed, realize to neutron detection, it is boron -10 wherein to apply the boron layer in boron gas electron multiplier structure, price
Low, can business a large amount of.And boron -10 is used as conventional solid neutron transition material, its high conversion efficiency.And apply the multiplication of boron gas electronic
Device structure is constituted using the first gas electron multiplier film of at least one cascade, can greatly improve neutron detection efficiency.Separately
, used as new detector, counting rate is high, and temporal resolution is good, adds boron layer, can achieve more for one side gas electron multiplier
The time resolution of high-magnitude, while the neutron detector has the Common advantages γ rejection ability height of gas detector, low cost concurrently
With can large-area manufacturing.
And occur in recent years3The serious insufficient international situation of He gas resource, current price be 10 times before 5 years with
On, and going up always, the appearance of this situation causes neutron detector to be continuing with hyperbar3He gas detector is built greatly
Scale detection system almost no longer may.Nearly ten years, whole world scientist has been working hard seek to substitute3He gas new
Neutron detection technology so that the direction is just becoming the new focus in particle detection field at present.Gas electron multiplier be in recent years
Flourish and new gas detector that technology reaches its maturity, performance is very prominent, have good position resolution, high meter
Digit rate, radiation hardness, signal playback mode are simple, flexible, energy large-area manufacturing, and applied range disclosure satisfy that current high flux
Neutron detector development demand.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
Accompanying drawing to be used needed for technology description is had to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, acceptable
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the neutron detector that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided.
Fig. 2 is the exemplary plot of the neutron detector of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 one.
Fig. 3 is the relation schematic diagram of the conversion efficiency of neutron and the number of plies in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a kind of exemplary plot of neutron detector that the embodiment of the present invention two is provided.
Fig. 5 is the relation schematic diagram of the conversion efficiency of the neutron of the different numbers of plies and every thickness degree in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the neutron detector that the embodiment of the present invention three is provided.
Two-dimentional reading out structure schematic diagram shown in the embodiment of the present invention of Fig. 7.
Fig. 8 is the flow chart of the neutron detection method that the embodiment of the present invention four is provided.
Specific embodiment
Purpose, technical scheme and advantage for making the embodiment of the present invention is clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
The a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Described in the accompanying drawing of the present invention or a kind of embodiment
Element and feature can combine with the element illustrated in other accompanying drawings one or more or embodiment and feature.Should
Note, for purposes of clarity, eliminate in accompanying drawing and explanation unrelated to the invention, known to persons of ordinary skill in the art
Part and the expression for processing and description.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not paying creation
Property work on the premise of the every other embodiment that obtained, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Traditional neutron scattering spectrometer overwhelming majority adopts hyperbar3He gas detector, however, this be based on3The spy of He
The intrinsic numerical ability of survey technology limited (<100kHz), TOF temporal resolution is poor, can not meet current high flux spectrometer and send out
The demand of exhibition；In addition, occurring in recent years3The serious insufficient international situation of He gas resource, price are sufficiently expensive so that in
Son scattering spectrometer is continuing with hyperbar3It is almost no longer possible that extensive detection system built by He gas detector.Nearly ten years,
Whole world scientist has been working hard seek to substitute3The new neutron Detection Techniques of He gas, which should at least have can be with3He is visited
The features such as analogous high detection efficient of survey technology, high γ rejection ability and energy large-area manufacturing, but also should have high meter
Digit rate ability and more preferable TOF time resolution.Several new departures that technical staff proposes at present, or detection efficient is difficult to carry
Height, or detection efficient improves, γ rejection ability is very poor, and is difficult to solve these fatal technological difficulties in short-term.
In order to solve above-mentioned technological deficiency, using based on the gas electron multiplier (Gas for applying boron in the embodiment of the present invention
Electron Multiplier；GEM neutron detector), using price low, can the boron -10 that obtain in a large number of business as neutron
Conversion body, using advanced GEM as particle detector, so as to realize detecting thermal neutron.Boron -10 is used as in conventional solid
Sub- transition material, its high conversion efficiency, make painting boron GEM electrode by pure boron -10 being plated in GEM film side or both sides, and adopt
The structure cascaded with multilayer, greatly improves neutron detection efficiency, another aspect GEM as new detector, counting rate high (>
10MHz), temporal resolution is good, adds that boron layer is very thin, can achieve the TOF time resolution of 100ns magnitude, while having gas spy concurrently
The general character γ rejection ability of surveying device is high, low cost and can large-area manufacturing.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the neutron detector that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided.As shown in figure 1, the present embodiment
Neutron detector, including the Drift electrodes 10 for providing drift field, the painting boron GEM for being changed to incident neutron
Structure 11, the primary electron for producing after changing to neutron carry out the GEM structure 12 of gas amplification and for reading gas
The read-out electrode 13 of the electronic signal after amplification.Wherein Drift electrodes 10 and the electric field applied between boron GEM structure 11 are referred to as drifting about
Electric field.And the electric field between GEM structure 12 and read-out electrode 13 is common electric field, abbreviation electric field.
As shown in figure 1, Drift electrodes 10 in the present embodiment, applying boron GEM structure 11, GEM structure 12 and read-out electrode 13
It is disposed in parallel relation to one another, and is sequentially arranged；Apply boron GEM structure 11 to constitute using a GEM film of at least one cascade, and first
At least one side of GEM film scribbles boron layer.Such as boron element in boron layer can be boron -10.GEM structure 12 includes the 2nd GEM film.
If Fig. 2 is the exemplary plot of the neutron detector of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 one.As shown in Fig. 2 to apply boron GEM structure 11
As a example by a GEM film 14 using five cascades, the neutron detector of the present embodiment is introduced.Five first in the present embodiment
GEM film 14 is so that both sides are coated with the boron layer of boron -10 as an example.The series of cascade referred to as can also be applied first in boron GEM structure 11
The number of plies of GEM film 14.As shown in Fig. 2 in GEM structure 12 as a example by including the 2nd GEM film 15 of individual layer.Wherein the 2nd GEM film
15 compared with a GEM film 14, and the film both sides in the 2nd GEM film 15 are all not coated with boron.
Below by taking the neutron detector shown in Fig. 2 as an example, the use principle of the neutron detector of the present embodiment is introduced.
Painting boron GEM structure 11 in the neutron detector of the present embodiment realizes the function of neutron conversion, therefore applies boron GEM knot
Each GEM film 14 in structure 11 can also be referred to as conversion layer., but the signal of the primary electron after neutron conversion is too
Weak, read less than signal in read-out electrode 13, therefore the GEM structure 12 in the present embodiment realizes the function of gas amplification, with centering
The primary electron produced after son conversion carries out gas amplification, the electronic signal after being amplified.Read-out electrode 13 realizes signal receipts
The function of collection, that is, collect the electronic signal after amplifying.Three processes are separate.The neutron detector work of the present embodiment
Gas, is extended to ensure detector working stability using conventional Ar and CO2 mixed gas, an atmospheric pressure flow gas supply
Service life.Scribble, on a GEM film 14 in the present embodiment, the isotope that boron layer is boron10B,10B is that conventional thermal neutron is quick
Sense transition material, chemism is low to be easy to apply, rich content, and easy acquisition concentration boron (10B abundance 99%) maximum can be obtained
Neutron conversion efficiency, be preferable solid neutron transition material, neutron with10There is following nuclear reaction in B：
n+10B→α+77% E of Li+2.79MeVα=1.78MeV ELi=1.0MeV
793% E of Li+ α+γ+2.31MeVα=1.47MeV ELi=0.84MeV
The reaction is produced7There is Coulomb interactions, and progressively off-energy with boron atom in Li, α ion, the two is at which
In range be respectively less than 3 μm, therefore the thickness of boron more than 3 μm to improve neutron conversion efficiency be insignificant.It is preferred that
In the present embodiment, the thickness of boron layer is 0.1um-3um.The maximum conversion efficiency of monolayer of boron is about 5%, in order to realize high conversion
Efficiency, best bet are to apply one layer in Drift electrodes 10 and 14 upper and lower surface of a GEM film10B thin layer (1～3 μm), and
Using multilayer laminated structure, so both can guarantee that7Li, α ion can go out shoot out from conversion body, and incident neutron can be allowed again to pass through
Sufficiently thick conversion body realizes high conversion efficiency.
Specifically, after incident neutron is by a certain layer boron capture, produce7Li, α ion is in opposite direction, and the two one is direct
Be lost in painting boryl material, another enters working gas, a large amount of primary electron-ionization are produced to (～104Right), in drift electricity
Under the driving of the drift field (as～3kV/cm) that pole 10 produces, electronics is through drift region, and applies boron GEM film in each layer first
13 gains are equal in the case of 1, are passed through each layer first and are applied boron GEM film 13 so that the neutron that primary electron is carried hits letter
Breath is distortionless by all conversion layers, and the 2nd GEM film 15 of the primary electron of generation through basecoat carries out gas amplification (example
As gain about 50), read finally by read-out electrode 13.So, subsequently neutron can be obtained from the signal for reading hit letter
Breath as neutron hit position and impact time, so as to realize the detection to neutron.
Still optionally further, in the present embodiment, in order to improve neutron conversion ratio, can also be in the close painting of Drift electrodes 10
The surface of 11 side of boron GEM structure applies boron layer.
The neutron detector of the present embodiment, by changing to incident neutron using painting boron GEM structure, realizes centering
Son detection, the boron layer wherein applied in boron GEM structure is boron -10, price is low, can business a large amount of.And boron -10 is used as in conventional solid
Sub- transition material, its high conversion efficiency.And GEM film composition of the boron GEM structure using at least one cascade is applied, can be significantly
Improve neutron detection efficiency., used as new detector, counting rate is high, and temporal resolution is good, adds boron layer for another aspect GEM,
The time resolution of achievable higher amount level, while the neutron detector has the common Common advantages γ rejection ability of gas detector concurrently
High, low cost and can large-area manufacturing.
And the GEM film adopted in the present embodiment is booming in recent years and the new gas that reach its maturity of technology are visited
Device is surveyed, performance is very prominent, have good position resolution, high count rate, radiation hardness, signal playback mode are simple, flexible, can be big
Area makes, applied range, disclosure satisfy that the demand of currently high-throughout neutron detector development.
Embodiment two
Firstly, it is necessary to illustrate, detection efficient is the most important performance indications of neutron detector.For the invention described above
In embodiment based on the neutron detector of GEM for, neutron is produced after boron capture7Li, α ion, energy height (～1MeV), visit
It is substantially 100% to survey efficiency, and therefore, neutron detection efficiency can be approximately considered the conversion efficiency for being exactly boron to neutron.Due to storehouse
Human relations interact, and individual layer is pure10B is about 5% to the conversion efficiency of thermal neutron.As shown in Figure 3 in the embodiment of the present invention
The conversion efficiency of neutron and the relation schematic diagram of the number of plies.As shown in figure 3, neutron beam is through conversion layer, and (i.e. first applies boron GEM film
14) intensity exponentially decays with thickness increase, and therefore total conversion efficiency is not that (i.e. first applies boron GEM film 14 with the number of plies
The number of plies) increase and linearly increasing, after certain number of plies is reached, conversion efficiency tends to saturation, be further added by the number of plies to improve turn
Change efficiency unobvious, on the contrary so that cost of manufacture increases sharply, while causing detector drift region number to increase, detector is thick
Degree is thickening, in the case of certain drift field is maintained, it is desirable to provide very high high pressure, such as using the of 10 layers of two-sided painting boron
Used as conversion layer, per interlayer every 2mm, drift field 3kV/cm, high pressure will be up to more than 6kV to one GEM film 14, not reduce painting boron
A GEM film 14 the number of plies reduce conversion efficiency on the premise of, be symmetrically installed painting boron GEM knot using in 13 both sides of read-out electrode
High pressure drop can be so at half by structure 11, read-out electrode 13 from the middle signal for reading both sides, and therefore Fig. 4 is reality of the present invention
A kind of exemplary plot of neutron detector of the offer of example three is provided.As shown in figure 4, the neutron detector of the present embodiment is with above-mentioned Fig. 4 institute
Based on the neutron detector for showing, a GEM film 14 of five two-sided painting boron is symmetrically installed in 13 opposite side of read-out electrode, and
One the 2nd GEM film 15, i.e. Fig. 4 are structure symmetrical above and below, can reduce working voltage.
Specifically, the neutron detector of the present embodiment realize neutron detection principle identical with above-described embodiment, in detail may be used
With the record with reference to above-described embodiment, will not be described here.
In addition, for different number of conversion layer, all there is an optimal coating layer thickness so that conversion efficiency is maximum, such as
Conversion body adopts 20 Rotating fields, then about 1.2 μm of each layer of optimum thickness, and conversion efficiency is about 46%.How much specifically used
Layer, and the thickness of the boron of the first GEM film 14 of each layer, depending on the physical application target of neutron detector, can be as needed
Detection efficient customizing.Such as Fig. 5 is the conversion efficiency of the neutron of the different numbers of plies and every thickness degree in the embodiment of the present invention
Relation schematic diagram.
Embodiment three
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the neutron detector that the embodiment of the present invention three is provided.In above-described embodiment one or two
On the basis of, the neutron detector of the present embodiment can also include to enter for the electronic signal after the amplification that reads read-out electrode
Row process, and calculated neutron hit position and the data processing equipment of impact time 16.The data processing equipment 16
It is to be connected with read-out electrode 13.As shown in Fig. 2, on the basis of above-mentioned embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, to increase data processing equipment 16
As a example by introduce technical scheme.Wherein the data processing equipment 16 can also be using existing related hardware come integration realization
Its function.Specifically, the neutron detector of the present embodiment realize neutron detection principle identical with above-described embodiment, permissible in detail
With reference to the record of above-described embodiment, will not be described here.
Neutron detecting to form observable electric signal based on the neutron detector for applying boron GEM by the embodiment of the present invention,
Therefore it is also one of important component part of detector system that signal is drawn with read-out electronics.Existing frequently-used method is to adopt
Two-dimensional strip reads charge inducing on bar, obtains the position of ionizing point by the center of gravity of calculated charge；Or read using two dimension
Bars meets to determine the position of ionizing point.The two common feature is all to adopt two-dimensional strip reading out structure, electronics way
In achievable scope, due to the difference of reading method, the former positioning precision is more more accurate, but reading speed is not so good as the latter
Hurry up, the latter's counting rate is higher, the method for therefore selecting two-dimentional bars to meet determines that neutron hits position and impact time.Due to
Panel detector structure is symmetrically installed probe unit for reading circuit plate both sides, and needs will design symmetrical in reading circuit plate both sides
Two dimension reads bar structure, therefore, two dimension read the structure design of bar, upper and lower both sides read bar signal draw and with front put
Connected mode, just becomes the critical problem that the design of reading circuit plate needs to solve.
It should be noted that the neutron detector measurement object of above-described embodiment is neutron, make to reduce elastic scattering
The secondary effect for becoming, and reduce activation of the neutron to neutron detector air chamber material, therefore, neutron detector air chamber can
And the aluminium with stronger mechanical strength little with neutron action section with employing, while be conducive to neutron detector air chamber air-tightness,
Be conducive to neutron detector steady operation.Neutron entrance window thickness is 0.1mm, to reduce the loss of incident neutron.High pressure connection
Using the airtight high pressure adapter of import, chamber body sealing is sealed using o type circle.
In addition, it is necessary to illustrate, the GEM13 film in the embodiment of the present invention can obtain the standard of business from CERN
GEM film (60 μ m thick, 70 μm of apertures, 140 μm of holes in the heart away from), or using thickness GEM film (200 μ m thick, 200 μm of apertures,
500 μm of holes in the heart away from).Then boron, plating boron thickness 0.1 μm～3 are plated in GEM film side or both sides using the method for magnetron sputtering
Between μm, detector physical Design target is specifically dependent upon.
In order to ensure the precision of spacing between GEM film, all carriages are by printed circuit board (PCB) (Print Circuit
Board；PCB) factory adopts high accuracy number machine tooling, and flatness is less than 0.1mm, and machining accuracy is better than 0.1mm, to ensure
The installation of each tunic and positioning precision.
The design that wherein two dimension reads bar board design and swift electron is that the key in read-out electronics development is asked
Topic.Panel detector structure is symmetrically installed probe unit for reading circuit plate both sides, it is therefore desirable to will set in reading circuit plate both sides
The symmetrical two dimension of meter reads bar structure, and X is identical with Y-direction way, and for describing the problem, below with 128 tunnel of all directions, detector has
As a example by effect area 200mm × 200mm (totally 256 tunnel), the method that meets of bars is read using two dimension and is positioned, i.e. X and Y side
Meet the two-dimensional coordinate for determining that neutron hits to signal, it is possible to achieve the reading of each pixel 1.56mm × 1.56mm.For reality
Existing X reads the uniformity of bar with Y both direction, using Fig. 7 the embodiment of the present invention shown in two-dimentional reading out structure schematic diagram.Figure
7 is Local map, in practical application, connects through cabling between PCB layer by 128 road triangle Pad per one-dimensional reading bar, the printing electricity
Road plate is flexible PCB, the scattering of incident neutron is affected with reducing circuit board itself；The full symmetric design of opposite side, and right
Claim the reading bar on position to be directly connected together, be then connected with putting before a corresponding road, so as to successfully realize two-dimentional bars
Read.
Example IV
Fig. 8 is the flow chart of the neutron detection method that the embodiment of the present invention five is provided.First, the neutron detection of the present embodiment
Method is the detection method for detecting neutron on the basis of the arbitrary described neutron detector of above-described embodiment one to three.As Fig. 8
Shown, the neutron detection method of the present embodiment, specifically may include steps of：
100th, apply boron GEM structure incident neutron is changed, obtain primary electron signal；
Wherein applying boron GEM structure includes a GEM film of at least one cascade.
For example after painting boron G EM structure is changed to incident neutron, secondary charged particle is first produced, the secondary is powered
Particle produces primary electron in working gas.
101st, the drift field that Drift electrodes are provided is acted on to primary electron so that primary electron is near GEM knot
The direction drift of structure；
Wherein GEM structure includes the 2nd GEM film, for example, can only include the 2nd GRM film of individual layer.2nd GEM film and
The both sides for differing only in film of one GEM film are all not coated with boron.
102nd, GEM structure carries out gas amplification to primary electron, the electronic signal after being amplified；
103rd, in the presence of electric field, the direction to close read-out electrode drifts about the electronic signal after amplifying；
104th, read-out electrode reads the electronic signal after amplifying.
Specifically, when the electronic signal after amplification is drifted about to read-out electrode, read-out electrode produce electric signal, finally by
Reading circuit reads the electric signal for producing.
The neutron detection method of the present embodiment realizes the detection of neutron, realizes with neutron detector in above-mentioned related embodiment
The principle of detection is identical, may be referred to the record of above-mentioned related embodiment in detail, will not be described here.
The neutron detection method of the present embodiment, by being changed to incident neutron using painting boron GEM structure, it is right to realize
Neutron detection, the boron layer wherein applied in boron GEM structure is boron -10, price is low, can business a large amount of.And boron -10 is used as conventional solid
Neutron transition material, its high conversion efficiency.And apply GEM film composition of the boron GEM structure using at least one cascade, Neng Gou great
Big raising neutron detection efficiency., used as new detector, counting rate is high, and temporal resolution is good, adds boron for another aspect GEM
Layer, can achieve the time resolution of higher amount level, while the general character γ rejection ability that has concurrently of the neutron detector is high, low cost and can
Large-area manufacturing.
And the GEM film adopted in the present embodiment is booming in recent years and the new gas that reach its maturity of technology are visited
Device is surveyed, performance is very prominent, have good position resolution, high count rate, radiation hardness, signal playback mode are simple, flexible, can be big
Area makes, applied range, disclosure satisfy that the demand of currently high-throughout neutron detector development.
Alternatively, in the above-described embodiments, after the step of 104 " read-out electrode reads the primary electron after amplifying ", may be used also
To include：Data processing equipment is processed to primary electron signal, and when hitting position and hitting of calculated neutron
Between.
The neutron detection method of above-described embodiment realizes the detection of neutron, with neutron detector reality in above-mentioned related embodiment
The principle for now detecting is identical, may be referred to the record of above-mentioned related embodiment in detail, will not be described here.
The neutron detection method of above-described embodiment, can effectively improve the detection efficient of neutron, and performance is very prominent,
There is good position resolution, high count rate, radiation hardness, signal playback mode are simple, flexible, energy large-area manufacturing, range of application
Extensively, the demand of currently high-throughout neutron detector development disclosure satisfy that.
In the various embodiments described above of the present invention, the sequence number of embodiment is merely convenient of description, does not represent the quality of embodiment.Right
The description of each embodiment all emphasizes particularly on different fields, and does not have the part that describes in detail, may refer to the phase of other embodiment in certain embodiment
Close description.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that：The all or part of step for realizing said method embodiment can pass through
Completing, aforesaid program can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium the related hardware of programmed instruction, the program
Upon execution, the step of including said method embodiment is executed；And aforesaid storage medium includes：Read-only storage (Read-
Only Memory, abbreviation ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, abbreviation RAM), magnetic disc or light
Disk etc. is various can be with the medium of store program codes.
In the embodiments such as apparatus and method of the present invention, it is clear that each part or each step be can decompose, combine and/
Or reconfigure after decomposing.These decompose and/or reconfigure the equivalents that should be regarded as the present invention.Meanwhile, right above
In the description of the specific embodiment of the invention, the feature for describing for a kind of embodiment and/or illustrating can be with same or like
Mode used in one or more other embodiments, combined with the feature in other embodiment, or substitute which
Feature in its embodiment.
It should be emphasized that term "comprises/comprising" refers to the presence of feature, key element, step or component herein when using, but simultaneously
It is not excluded for the presence of one or more further features, key element, step or component or additional.
Finally it should be noted that：Although the present invention and its advantage is below described in detail it should be appreciated that not
Beyond can carry out in the case of the spirit and scope of the present invention that are defined by the claims appended hereto various changes, replacement and
Conversion.And, the scope of the present invention is not limited only to the concrete reality of the process described by specification, equipment, means, method and steps
Apply example.One of ordinary skilled in the art will readily appreciate that from the disclosure, can be used according to the present invention and hold
The row function essentially identical to corresponding embodiment described herein obtains result, the existing and future essentially identical with which
Process to be developed, equipment, means, method or step.Therefore, appended claim is directed at wrapping in the range of them
Include such process, equipment, means, method or step.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of neutron detector, it is characterised in that include：
For providing Drift electrodes, the painting boron gas electron multiplier knot for being changed of drift field to incident neutron
Structure, be used for the neutron conversion after produce primary electron carry out gas amplification gas electron multiplier structure and for
Read the read-out electrode of the electronic signal after amplifying；
The Drift electrodes, the painting boron gas electron multiplier structure, the gas electron multiplier structure and the reading
Electrode is disposed in parallel relation to one another, and is sequentially arranged；
The boron gas electron multiplier structure that applies is constituted using the first gas electron multiplier film of at least one cascade, and institute
At least one side for stating first gas electron multiplier film scribbles boron layer；The gas electron multiplier structure includes second gas electricity
Sub- multiplier film；
The neutron detector includes two Drift electrodes, two painting boron gas electron multiplier structures and two gas
Body electron multiplier structure；Two Drift electrodes are symmetrically distributed in the read-out electrode both sides, two painting boron gases
Electron multiplier structure is also symmetrically distributed in the read-out electrode both sides, two gas electron multiplier symmetrical configuration distributions
In the read-out electrode both sides.
2. neutron detector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of the boron layer is 0.1um-3um, and/
Or, the boron element in the boron layer is boron -10.
3. according to the arbitrary described neutron detector of claim 1-2, it is characterised in that the neutron detector also include for
To the read-out electrode read amplification after electronic signal process, and the calculated neutron hit position and
The data processing equipment of impact time, the data processing equipment are connected with the read-out electrode.
4. according to the arbitrary described neutron detector of claim 1-2, it is characterised in that the read-out electrode is read using two dimension
Bar structure.
5. neutron detector according to claim 4, it is characterised in that per the one-dimensional reading bar structure by multichannel triangle
Shape plate is connected through printed circuit board (PCB) interlayer cabling.
6. a kind of neutron detection method, the neutron detection method adopt the as above arbitrary described neutron detection of claim 1-5
Device detects neutron, it is characterised in that the neutron detection method includes：
Apply boron gas electron multiplier structure incident neutron is changed, obtain primary electron；
The drift field that Drift electrodes are provided is acted on to the primary electron so that the primary electron is near gas electricity
The direction drift of sub- doubler structures；
The gas electron multiplier structure carries out gas amplification to the primary electron, the electronic signal after being amplified；
In the presence of electric field, the direction to close read-out electrode drifts about electronic signal after the amplification；
The read-out electrode reads the electronic signal after amplifying.
7. neutron detection method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the read-out electrode reads the primary electron
Afterwards, methods described also includes：
Data processing equipment is processed to the primary electron, and when hitting position and hitting of the calculated neutron
Between.
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| CN106199680A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2016-12-07 | 清华大学 | Slow neutron detection device |
| CN108037524B (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-07-19 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | The neutron detector of boron net is applied based on thick GEM and multilayer |
| CN109581473B (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-10-09 | 四川理工学院 | Boron-coated micropore neutron imaging detector and measuring method thereof |
| CN112114351A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-22 | 南华大学 | Micromegas-based fission chamber |
| CN112114353A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-22 | 南华大学 | GEM-based fission chamber |
| CN112114352A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-22 | 南华大学 | GEM-based fission chamber |
| CN112114350A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-22 | 南华大学 | Micromegas-based fission chamber |
| CN112462412B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2023-01-03 | 郑州工程技术学院 | GaN neutron detector 10 B 4 Preparation method of C neutron conversion layer |
| CN112921290A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-08 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Proportional counter tube neutron absorption electrode and preparation method thereof |
| CN113433580B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2023-03-10 | 中国科学技术大学 | Gas detector manufacturing method, gas detector and ray detection device |
| CN117665013A (en) * | 2024-01-31 | 2024-03-08 | 中国医学科学院放射医学研究所 | Microstructure gas detector readout circuit structure and microstructure gas detector |
| CN118032831B (en) * | 2024-04-11 | 2024-06-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | Powder diffraction analysis method and device based on gas detector |
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