CN104107073B - 一种膨胀式经肛门微创手术装置 - Google Patents

一种膨胀式经肛门微创手术装置 Download PDF

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CN104107073B
CN104107073B CN201410322755.3A CN201410322755A CN104107073B CN 104107073 B CN104107073 B CN 104107073B CN 201410322755 A CN201410322755 A CN 201410322755A CN 104107073 B CN104107073 B CN 104107073B
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金夫
金一夫
金黑鹰
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Hou Zhenjie
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/34Trocars; Puncturing needles
    • A61B17/3417Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
    • A61B17/3421Cannulas
    • A61B17/3439Cannulas with means for changing the inner diameter of the cannula, e.g. expandable
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/02Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for holding wounds open; Tractors
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/34Trocars; Puncturing needles
    • A61B17/3417Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
    • A61B17/3421Cannulas
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/34Trocars; Puncturing needles
    • A61B17/3417Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
    • A61B17/3421Cannulas
    • A61B17/3423Access ports, e.g. toroid shape introducers for instruments or hands
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/06Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00535Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets pneumatically or hydraulically operated
    • A61B2017/00557Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets pneumatically or hydraulically operated inflatable
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/02Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for holding wounds open; Tractors
    • A61B2017/0212Cushions or pads, without holding arms, as tissue retainers, e.g. for retracting viscera
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/34Trocars; Puncturing needles
    • A61B17/3417Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
    • A61B17/3421Cannulas
    • A61B2017/345Cannulas for introduction into a natural body opening
    • A61B2017/3452Cannulas for introduction into a natural body opening for the rectum, e.g. for hemorrhoid surgery
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/06Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2090/064Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for for measuring force, pressure or mechanical tension
    • A61B2090/065Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for for measuring force, pressure or mechanical tension for measuring contact or contact pressure

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Abstract

一种膨胀式经肛微创手术装置,包括一个充气后撑开的膜套,充气后的膜套为一个柱状,膜套柱壁上起码留出一个供肠壁组织露出的进行手术的缺口;充气膜套上设有充气口,用于连接充气管。膜套为三面封闭、一面开口的隧道状,横截面为U形,手术应用时将开口一面置于肠壁组织手术位置。通过提出一次性经肛门微创手术辅助装置,能保证手术的视野。U形的脊的长度方向位置设有导向条,未充气时将本发明手术装置的整个长度经肛置入人体内,再进行充气,露出手术部位进行手术,经过本申请人单位的使用,效果完全达到预想的要求,比未采用时的效率高出很多。

Description

一种膨胀式经肛门微创手术装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种经肛(门)微创手术装置,尤其是一次性经肛门微创手术辅助装置。
背景技术
经肛门内镜微创手术(TEM)是一种集内镜、腹腔镜和微创三种先进技术于一身的新术式。自1984年德国的Buess首次报道后,经过外科学界同道们的不断实践和创新,以及新技术、新设备的普及应用,TEM发展迅速,手术技术也日臻成熟,或将成为结直肠外科局部切除的首选术式,能够治疗传统于术器械不能完成的较高部位的直肠病变,亦适宜于腹腔镜治疗相对困难的直肠中下段肿瘤的局部切除。经肛门内镜下可完成针对早期直肠癌和直肠良性肿瘤的切除、止血、缝合等系列精细操作,无皮肤切口、创伤小、切除精确、效果良好,在结直肠外科领域有着广阔的应用前景。
经肛门内镜微创手术(TEM)是直肠良性肿瘤和早期结直肠癌治疗的一个重要方法,结肠-肛管吻合技术(Parks术)在低位直肠癌保肛手术中亦能进行应用。目前最常用的经肛门微创手术(TEM),该手术已经使用了近20年,但是由于需要昂贵的手术设备(约人民币80万),而且视野不容易移动,操作也不十分方便,仅在很少一些医院使用。近年来另一种经肛门微创手术(TAMIS),使用单孔腹腔镜手术平台,这样不需要特殊手术设备,但是单孔腹腔镜手术平台需要在大肠中充气以保证必要的手术视野,常常要达12-15mmHg,病人产生腹胀症状,而且由于肠道蠕动,不容易保持手术空间。
因此,提出一种经肛(门)微创手术装置,尤其是一次性经肛门微创手术辅助装置是肛肠医疗领域需要解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,提出一种经肛(门)微创手术装置,尤其是一次性经肛门微创手术辅助装置。
本发明的技术方案是:一种膨胀式经肛(门)微创手术装置,包括一个充气后撑开的膜套,充气后的膜套为一个柱状,膜套柱壁上起码留出一个供肠壁组织露出的进行手术的缺口。充气膜套上设有充气口,用于连接充气管。
进一步的,膜套三面封闭、一面开口的隧道状,横截面为U形(Ω形等),手术应用时将开口一面置于肠壁组织手术位置(病变处),膜套封闭的三面充气后将肠管撑开形成手术视野;
进一步的,膜套内腔连接表面压力感受装置,连接膜套充气装置充气时,有压力显示装置显示压力值,以保证膜套和肠壁之间不至于压力太大而形成肠壁损伤;
进一步的,膜套远端(内侧)制备一封闭膜,可以阻止肠道内污物粪水不断下涌而污染术野;膜套开口侧即U形的两条边的边缘上设计数个凸起(如条状物),以便于与肠管粘膜固定;
膜套近端即肛口端(外侧)设有一个有弹性的肛门撑开器(管)相连,肛门撑开器长5cm,肛门撑开器端部设有一个多孔密闭盘,作为转换器使用(类同腹腔镜手术的转换器),多孔可以供手术器械进出及操作。
U形的脊的长度方向位置设有导向条6——包括硬质导丝或加厚脊条或一细管(独立充气或导丝),未充气时将本发明手术装置的整个长度经肛置入人体内,再进行充气,置入时对病人的负面影响低。
膜套横截面为U型时,远端U型亦为加强的U型筋条,便于充气时撑开,远端U型膜套横截面的尺寸小于近端U型膜套横截面的尺寸。
本发明主要是充气的塑料材料(乳胶或PU等高聚物材料亦可)膜的制品,一次使用成本低,保证无交叉感染的危险,医生使用方便。
本发明的有益效果是,通过提出一种经肛(门)微创手术辅助装置,尤其是一次性经肛门微创手术辅助装置,能保证手术的视野。U形的脊的长度方向位置设有导向条——包括硬质导丝或脊条或一独立的充气细管,未充气时将本发明手术装置的整个长度经肛置入人体内,再进行充气,露出手术部位进行手术,经过本申请人单位的使用,效果完全达到预想的要求,比未采用时的手术效率高出很多。而且还能够提高手术的质量和成功率,肛肠科的手术医生评价甚高,且一次使用的成本低,给病员减轻负担。在手术效果上甚至可以取代TEM昂贵的手术设备。
附图说明
图1是本发明充气膜套充气后结构示意图。
图2是本发明配有撑开管和多孔密闭盘的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明的实施例如下:膜套1,膜套1上设有充气口9,长为10cm或18cm二个规格,也可以是其它长度,膜套为三面封闭、一面开放的隧道2状(截面为U型),制备时可以制备成整个圆筒状的结构,再将圆筒膜套热切割成需要的手术缺口(插入后露出手术需要的组织)或一条缺口(又如图设计成U型截面开口处有一条或若干连接边2-1,亦可为中空的充气管道)。手术应用时将开口一面(或缺口处)置于病变或手术处,封闭的膜套充气后U型槽或圆筒将肠管撑开,并在缺口处形成手术视野。需要调整位置时可以放却一点气后进行,膜套三面连接表面压力感受装置,连接膜套充气装置,以保证膜套和肠壁之间不至于压力太大而形成肠壁损伤;膜套近口侧端形成封闭膜3可以阻止肠道内粪水不断下涌而污染术野;膜套开口侧的边缘设计数个凸起4(条)以便于与肠管粘膜固定;膜套近肛门端与一个有弹性的肛门撑开器5相连,肛门撑开器长5cm左右,边缘可以缝合固定;肛门撑开器5与一个多孔带密闭结构的转换器8连接(类同腹腔镜手术的转换器),转换器8上设有孔7可以供手术器械进出及操作。
制备撑开结构的膜套的膜的厚度有一定要求,0.1mm左右均可,以较薄的条件下能够撑起形状为优。膜的材料可以采用各种高分子材料,如PU、PVC、PE等均可。未充气撑开时将膜套经肛置入人体内:利用U形膜套的脊的长度方向位置设有导向条6——包括采用硬质导丝或稍厚的硬脊条或一独立的充气细管(充气细管亦可作为一导向杆导管,图中标志为6-1),膜套表面涂些润滑液,到位置后再进行充气撑开。充气完成后再在膜套的近端连接一肛门撑开器5,肛门撑开器为一圆管(或略带有锥度),肛门撑开器的外端安装一个多孔带密闭结构的转换器8。
压力传感器为半导体芯片结构,通过引线从充气口附近导出,亦可采用无线的压力传感器。对病人无负面影响。
亦可以是不采用压力传感器,而是制备成各种充气膨胀后直径为系列规格的膜套,以期适用面广,适用于各类病员,具有更广泛的用途。

Claims (2)

1.一种膨胀式经肛微创手术装置,其特征是包括一个充气后撑开的膜套,充气后的膜套为一个柱状,膜套柱壁上留出一个供肠壁组织露出的进行手术的缺口;充气膜套上设有充气口,用于连接充气管;
膜套为三面封闭、一面开口的隧道状,横截面为U形,手术应用时将开口一面置于肠壁组织手术位置;
膜套远端制备一封闭膜;
膜套开口侧即U形的两条边的边缘上设计数个条状物凸起,以便于与肠管粘膜固定;
膜套近端连接一个肛门撑开器,肛门撑开器端部设有一个多孔密闭盘;
U形的脊的长度方向位置设有导向条,未充气时将膜套导向入人体内,再进行充气;
膜套横截面为U型时,远端U型亦为加强的U型筋条;远端U型膜套横截面的尺寸小于近端U型膜套横截面的尺寸;
膜套制备成整个圆筒状的结构,再将圆筒膜套热切割成需要的手术缺口;或U型横截面开口处有一条或若干连接边,连接边亦为中空的充气管道;U形的脊的长度方向位置设有导向条为硬质导丝、加厚脊条或一细管。
2.根据权利要求1所述的膨胀式经肛微创手术装置,其特征是膜套内腔连接表面压力感受装置,连接膜套充气装置充气时,设有压力显示装置显示表面压力感受装置的压力值。
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