CN1041057A - 绝缘液体和电缆 - Google Patents

绝缘液体和电缆 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1041057A
CN1041057A CN88106583A CN88106583A CN1041057A CN 1041057 A CN1041057 A CN 1041057A CN 88106583 A CN88106583 A CN 88106583A CN 88106583 A CN88106583 A CN 88106583A CN 1041057 A CN1041057 A CN 1041057A
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insulating oil
cable
paraffin
aromatic
silicone
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那瓦拉特南·陈德拉·模汉
迈克尔·约翰·普尔
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Balfour Beatty PLC
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BICC PLC
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/46Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes silicones
    • H01B3/465Silicone oils
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00Power cables
    • H01B9/06Gas-pressure cables; Oil-pressure cables; Cables for use in conduits under fluid pressure
    • H01B9/0688Features relating to the dielectric of oil-pressure cables

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

通过掺合大约2至8%的具有至少两个由不少于一个、也不多于两个脂族碳原子所隔开的苯环的芳基烷烃,使在用于易燃条件下的电力电缆中用作浸渍剂的硅酮基绝缘油成为无气泡的。在所述分子中的脂族碳原子总数不超过6个,并且,为了使全部绝缘油具有150℃以上的闪点,应当选择具有足够高的闪点的硅酮绝缘油。最佳掺合剂是1-苯基1-(3、4-二甲苯基)乙烷,亦称PXE。

Description

本发明涉及在具有包括纸的绝缘材料的电缆中用作浸渍剂的绝缘液体,并涉及使用这些液体的电缆。
在大多数情况下,在设计用于长距离传输大功率的电缆中,主要的考虑是应使来自导线的焦耳热和绝缘中的介质热的混合能耗最小,这就需要用各种耐压高的烃类浸渍剂(除了当用纸/塑料叠层而不单独用纸的罕见情况外)。但是,在某些情况下,浸渍剂的固有的易燃性是不能接受的,其中一种情况是把电缆设在又作运输用途的隧道中(例如在横穿某一河流或海面的隧道中)。
这时,可用一种闪点在150至300℃范围内的硅酮绝缘油〔聚二烷基硅氧烷聚合物(polydialkylsiloxamers)〕,但是,硅酮绝缘油在高电应力下产生气泡的可能性限制了用硅酮绝缘油的电缆的设计。因此,需要提供一种掺合剂,这种掺合剂可在电应力下吸收气体,并且,在避免不适当地降低其闪点的情况下解决硅酮绝缘油产生气泡的可能性。
为此,第2120273B号英国专利描述了单烷基·联苯(monoalkyl    biphenYls)、尤其是异丙基·二苯基(isopropylbiphenyls)的用途。我们已经发现另一组有用的掺合剂。
按照本发明,一种防燃的、不生气泡的绝缘油包括硅酮基绝缘油和大约2至8%的芳基烷烃,后者具有由不少于一个,也不多于两个脂族碳原子隔开的至少两个苯环,在所述分子中的脂族碳原子总数不超过6个,对于高于150℃的总体绝缘油的闪点来说,所述硅酮绝缘油的燃点是足够高的。
小于大约2%的含量是不足以消除产生气泡的危险的,而超过8%的含量对于所需要的闪点来说,是多余的。可以认为大约5%含量是最佳的。
为了控制纸/塑料叠层电缆中的膨胀现象(当电压非常高时),已经建议使用同样的芳基烷烃来与硅酮绝缘油混合,但是,为此所需的数量却至少要10%而一般还要更大(见第1494号欧洲专利和该欧洲专利所参考的第1515847号英国专利),因而,将导致闪点的严重降低。
二苯甲烷;1,2-二甲基苯以及尤其是1-苯基1-(3,4-二甲基苯)乙烷〔亦称1-苯基1-二甲基苯乙烷(1-xyly    lethane)或其缩写PXE〕都是最佳掺合剂。PXE是可从Mitsui公司购得的、牌号为“Nisseki    Condenseroil    S(Nisseki电容器绝缘油S)”的掺合剂。
下面将通过举例、参考附图对本发明作进一步描述,该附图是按照本发明的电缆的剖面简图。
曾把粘度为20cst、燃点为224℃的硅酮绝缘油(Rhone    Poulenc    47V/20)同5%的PXE混合成一种不起泡的绝缘油,其特性示于表1中(在该表和后续各表中,“DDB”指的是十二烷基苯,它是一种传统的合成烃绝缘油,因而是为比较起见而列入的)。
曾经把这种绝缘油用作传统结构的试样电缆中的浸渍剂(IEEE技术规范402-1974和ASTM257-66描述了一些非常相似的试样的结构,这些试样有希望给出基本上相同的测试结果),该电缆具有直径25mm的铜芯杆。在该铜芯杆上加两层金属化的碳纸屏蔽带(使直径增到26.0mm),接着,以1牛顿的均匀负载、22mm宽的绝缘纸带、按30/70的重合比加绕2.8mm径向厚度。由两层印花的金属化碳纸带构成的薄层提供了介质屏蔽,而该纸带是由聚脂纸固定的,并且,在该试样的各端,所述介质屏蔽层与由应力纸盆构成的接地屏蔽保持2.5mm的保护间隙。在所有情况下,以对试样电缆的三次试验取平均值作为根据;在芯杆接负电压的情况下,脉冲击穿时的电应力是123kw/mm,把该试验结果与用DDB浸的试样电缆的127kv/mm电应力作比较。
对这些试样,在某一温度范围下,用5KV测量介质损耗角,其测量结果示于表2中,表中对每个温度值给出重复进行两次的测量结果。
Figure 881065838_IMG3
也曾将此绝缘油用来试制一种按照本发明所附简图的试验性的单芯电缆,并曾将该电缆用于系统电压为132KV(AC)的三相系统中(这一系统中的电缆的使用电压为76KV)。
参考附图,该电缆包括构成注满所述绝缘油的中央管道2的中空铜导线1,导线1的外径为19.7mm,而其金属截面积185mm2。在该铜导线上直接包有一层由碳纸构成的导体屏蔽层3,该层的额定径向厚度为0.2mm;接着,又包裹一层径向厚度为8.85mm(最小)的绝缘纸4,这样,就使其额定直径为36.4mm。介质屏蔽层5是由铝/纸叠层(厚0.4mm)构成的,而护套6是由1.8mm厚的铅合金构成的,于是,使其额定直径达到42.8mm。最后,由沥青处理过的布带构成的垫层7、不锈钢带加强层8和PVC(聚氟乙烯)被复物(或外包层)完成直径为50.1mm的电缆。
该电缆经过95℃、640千伏(峰值)的热态脉冲试验合格。在21℃和95℃下,以四种电压测量了介质损耗角,其结果示于表3中:该四种电压是由电力委员会技术建议C28/4“包括从33千伏到132千伏的浸渍纸绝缘充气油电力电缆的鉴定测试”所规定作为运行电压的。21℃一列中各括弧中的数字是在114千伏下经过16小时的加电以后测得的。

Claims (5)

1、一种包括硅酮基油和2-8%的具有至少两个苯环的烃类掺合剂的防燃无气泡绝缘油,所述硅酮绝缘油的闪点是高到足以使全部绝缘油的闪点为150℃以上的,
其特征在于:所述掺合剂是芳基烷烃,其中,所述两个苯环是由不少于一个、也不多于两个脂族碳原子所隔开的,在所述分子中的脂族碳原子总数不超过6个。
2、按照权利要求1的绝缘油,其特征在于包括大约5%的所述芳基烷烃。
3、如权利要求1或2中所要求的绝缘油,其特征在于:所述芳基烷烃是1-苯基1-(3,4二甲基苯)乙烷。
4、如权利要求1或2中所要求的绝缘油,其特征在于:所述芳基烷烃是二苯甲烷或二苯乙烷。
5、在前述各项权利要求的任一项中所要求的绝缘油,其特征在于:它可在具有包括纸的绝缘层的纸绝缘电缆中用作浸渍剂。
CN88106583A 1987-06-18 1988-09-06 绝缘液体和电缆 Pending CN1041057A (zh)

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Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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GB878714291A GB8714291D0 (en) 1987-06-18 1987-06-18 Insulating liquids & electric cables
CN88106583A CN1041057A (zh) 1987-06-18 1988-09-06 绝缘液体和电缆

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US (1) US4967039A (zh)
EP (1) EP0295924B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPS6438906A (zh)
CN (1) CN1041057A (zh)
AT (1) ATE61691T1 (zh)
BR (1) BR8802900A (zh)
DD (1) DD272865A5 (zh)
DE (1) DE3861986D1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2021433B3 (zh)
GB (1) GB8714291D0 (zh)
GR (1) GR3001600T3 (zh)
NO (1) NO882503L (zh)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105575495A (zh) * 2015-08-27 2016-05-11 顾钰锋 改良充油电缆
CN105741945A (zh) * 2016-05-17 2016-07-06 上海斯麟特种设备工程有限公司 90℃纸绝缘电缆
CN111292890A (zh) * 2020-02-18 2020-06-16 四川金力电缆集团有限公司 一种防火电缆及其生产工艺

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2984359B2 (ja) * 1990-11-20 1999-11-29 ソニー株式会社 磁気浮上搬送システム及び同システム用搬送車
WO2015122830A1 (en) 2014-02-11 2015-08-20 Nynas Ab (Publ) Use of certain aromatic compounds as additives to a dielectric liquid for re-ducing the viscosity thereof
FR3021157B1 (fr) * 2014-05-16 2017-11-24 Nexans Cable de transport d'electricite a isolation de papier impregnee de masse
KR101818880B1 (ko) * 2017-03-30 2018-01-15 엘에스전선 주식회사 전력 케이블

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1515847A (en) * 1974-09-13 1978-06-28 Bicc Ltd Electric cables
IT1105990B (it) * 1977-09-29 1985-11-11 Bicc Ltd Cavi elettrici per alte tensioni
IT1135060B (it) * 1981-01-16 1986-08-20 Pirelli Cavi Spa Cavo elettrico impregnato con fluido isolante
US4431578A (en) * 1981-11-27 1984-02-14 Dow Corning Corporation Silicone compositions for buried electrical splice closures
IT1151556B (it) * 1982-04-30 1986-12-24 Pirelli Cavi Spa Cavo elettrico impregnato con fluido isolante

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105575495A (zh) * 2015-08-27 2016-05-11 顾钰锋 改良充油电缆
CN105575495B (zh) * 2015-08-27 2018-01-30 盐城市国一电缆材料厂 改良充油电缆
CN105741945A (zh) * 2016-05-17 2016-07-06 上海斯麟特种设备工程有限公司 90℃纸绝缘电缆
CN105741945B (zh) * 2016-05-17 2018-01-09 上海斯麟特种设备工程有限公司 纸绝缘电缆
CN111292890A (zh) * 2020-02-18 2020-06-16 四川金力电缆集团有限公司 一种防火电缆及其生产工艺

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GR3001600T3 (en) 1992-11-23
ES2021433B3 (es) 1991-11-01
ATE61691T1 (de) 1991-03-15
BR8802900A (pt) 1989-01-03
EP0295924B1 (en) 1991-03-13
NO882503D0 (no) 1988-06-07
DE3861986D1 (de) 1991-04-18
DD272865A5 (de) 1989-10-25
JPS6438906A (en) 1989-02-09
NO882503L (no) 1988-12-19
US4967039A (en) 1990-10-30
GB8714291D0 (en) 1987-07-22
EP0295924A1 (en) 1988-12-21

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