CN104102454A - Method for automatically realizing hierarchical storage and system for managing hierarchical storage - Google Patents
Method for automatically realizing hierarchical storage and system for managing hierarchical storage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for automatically realizing hierarchical storage and a system for managing the hierarchical storage. A hierarchical storage unit comprises storage layers supporting different access speeds; a storage device comprises a plurality of disk blocks; the method comprises the following steps: performing uninterrupted tracking and statistics on the access frequency of each disk block in a time interval, and periodically and dynamically analyzing hot blocks with the access frequency greater than a first threshold value and cold blocks with the access frequency less than a second threshold; migrating data in the hot blocks to a high-speed storage layer, and migrating data in the cold blocks to a low-speed storage layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to data storage technology, refer to especially a kind of method of layering storage and system of managing hierarchically storage of automatically realizing.
Background technology
Select the memory technology conventionally need to be in ultra-high capacity, low cost and low performance, and, highly between advanced data management function and high performance, carry out balance.Growth along with capacity, manually migration data is too time-consuming, limited human resources make storage administrator drained, layering storage becomes a kind of essential selection framework, it can integrated capacity, the ability of data management, function, performance, and the factor such as price, provide the storage scheme of cost performance optimum to realize above-mentioned balance.
If layering storage design and implementation is proper, can by dispose can migration data or application program instrument that its life cycle demand is made to response reduce handling cost, and image tube reason individual layer framework equally manages layering storage.When layering storage promotes storage efficiency, reduce the expensive storage equipment that uses, by the data of relatively seldom access by expensive solid state hard disc or fibre disk equipment seamless migration to relatively inexpensive Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA, Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) on dish or Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) (SAS, Serial Attached SCSI) dish.
Storage vendor has announced or provides the solution of various layering storages.Many suppliers' layering solution is in fact all only to contain the strategy of disk, has just included the disk product with different RPM speed and Price Range in.
There are the following problems for prior art: seldom have actual the providing of supplier to comprise high-performance solid magnetic disc (SSD), disk array (RAID) and filing tape in interior comprehensive layering memory technology, current AUTOMATIC ZONING storage can not provide real-time management function, and nondestructive migration mass data can expend too much time and resource.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of method of layering storage and system of managing hierarchically storage of automatically realizing, solve in prior art, AUTOMATIC ZONING storage can not provide real-time management function, causes nondestructive migration mass data can expend too much time and the defect of resource.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, embodiments of the invention provide a kind of method that automatically realizes layering storage, and layering storage unit comprises the accumulation layer of supporting different access speeds, and memory device comprises a plurality of disk block; Method comprises: in a time interval, uninterruptedly follow the tracks of and add up the frequency of access of each disk block, regularly performance analysis goes out frequency of access and is greater than the hot-zone piece of first threshold and the cold-zone piece that frequency of access is less than Second Threshold; By the Data Migration in the piece of described hot-zone to high speed storing layer, by the Data Migration in the piece of cold-zone to low speed accumulation layer.
In described method, in a time interval, uninterrupted tracking with the frequency of access of each disk block of statistics comprises: a described time interval is the business ebb period specifically, within the business ebb period, periodically follow the tracks of the accessing operation to each disk block, count the frequency of accessing operation as frequency of access.
In described method, the frequency of access of disk block comprises: disk block deposit frequency, the read frequency of disk block in.
In described method, periodically follow the tracks of the accessing operation to each disk block, the frequency that counts accessing operation comprises as described frequency of access: within each cycle, that adds up each disk block deposits frequency and read frequency in simultaneously, deposit in frequency and read frequency with value as the current frequency of access in one-period, after the described current frequency of access that each cycle is counted adds up, average again the frequency of access that calculates described accessing operation.
In described method, memory device comprises a plurality of disk block, specifically comprises: the disk in memory device is divided into several disk block in logic, and the capacity of each disk block meets the regulation of fineness.
In described method, regularly performance analysis goes out that frequency of access is greater than the hot-zone piece of first threshold and cold-zone piece that frequency of access is less than Second Threshold comprises: within the business ebb period, periodically according to the frequency of access counting, analyze Kuai Yu cold-zone, hot-zone piece.
In described method, Data Migration in the piece of hot-zone is arrived to high speed storing layer, Data Migration in the piece of cold-zone, to low speed accumulation layer, is also comprised before: set up hot-zone piece to the multi-path transmission link between high speed storing layer, set up cold-zone piece to the multi-path transmission link between low speed accumulation layer.
A system that realizes layering storage, comprising: layering storage unit, comprises the accumulation layer of supporting different access speeds; Memory device, comprises a plurality of disk block; Data Collection and analysis module, for uninterruptedly follow the tracks of and add up the frequency of access of each disk block in a time interval, regularly performance analysis goes out frequency of access and is greater than the hot-zone piece of first threshold and the cold-zone piece that frequency of access is less than Second Threshold; Data Migration module, for by the Data Migration of described hot-zone piece to high speed storing layer, by the Data Migration in the piece of cold-zone to low speed accumulation layer.
In described system, also comprise: Storage Virtualization module, be connected with memory device, for the disk of memory device being divided into several disk block in logic, the capacity of each disk block meets the regulation of fineness.
In described system, also comprise: Data Collection and analysis module comprise: follow the tracks of statistic unit, be used for setting described time interval business ebb period specifically, and within the business ebb period, periodically follow the tracks of the accessing operation to each disk block, count the frequency of accessing operation as described frequency of access; Analytic unit, within the business ebb period, periodically analyzes Kuai Yu cold-zone, hot-zone piece according to the frequency of access counting.
The beneficial effect of technique scheme of the present invention is as follows: in the process of the frequency of access of tracking and each disk block of statistics, according to the result of statistics, by access frequently Data Migration to high speed storing layer, by access not frequently Data Migration to low speed accumulation layer, time and the resource of migration mass data have been saved, and after access process in, will point to respectively the access of hot spot data and non-hot spot data at a high speed and low speed accumulation layer, this has optimized access process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 represents a kind of schematic flow sheet of automatically realizing the method for layering storage;
Fig. 2 represents a kind of system architecture schematic diagram of automatically realizing layering storage.
Embodiment
For making the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method that automatically realizes layering storage, and layering storage unit comprises the accumulation layer of supporting different access speeds, and memory device comprises a plurality of disk block;
As shown in Figure 1, method comprises:
Step 101 is uninterruptedly followed the tracks of and adds up the frequency of access of each disk block in a time interval, and regularly performance analysis goes out frequency of access and is greater than the hot-zone piece of first threshold and the cold-zone piece that frequency of access is less than Second Threshold;
Step 102, by the Data Migration in the piece of described hot-zone to high speed storing layer, by the Data Migration in the piece of cold-zone to low speed accumulation layer.
The technology that application provides, in the process of the frequency of access of tracking and each disk block of statistics, according to the result of statistics, by access frequently Data Migration to high speed storing layer, by access not frequently Data Migration to low speed accumulation layer, saved time and the resource of migration mass data, and after access process in, to the access of hot spot data and non-hot spot data be pointed to respectively at a high speed and low speed accumulation layer, this has optimized access process.
The accumulation layer of different access speeds specifically comprises: low speed accumulation layer, normal storage layer and high speed storing layer.Between layering storage unit and memory device, both can isolate physically, can be also that part is identical, and for example normal storage layer is also a part for memory device.
The access frequently region at data place is hot-zone piece, access not frequently the region at data place be cold-zone piece, first threshold and Second Threshold are can predefined numerical value.
In normal storage layer, high speed storing layer and low speed accumulation layer, have disk block, the physical disk in high speed storing layer can be solid state hard disc, and the physical disk in low speed accumulation layer is tape, Sata disk etc.
High speed storing layer can be relative with high speed and low speed between low speed accumulation layer, and in other words, high speed storing layer is that low speed accumulation layer is low speed with respect to high speed storing layer at a high speed with respect to low speed accumulation layer.
As shown in Figure 2, ground floor is high speed storing layer, and the second layer is normal storage layer, and the 3rd layer is low speed accumulation layer.
In a preferred embodiment, in a time interval, uninterrupted tracking with the frequency of access of each disk block of statistics comprises:
A described time interval is the business ebb period specifically,
Within the business ebb period, periodically follow the tracks of the accessing operation to each disk block, count the frequency of accessing operation as described frequency of access.
In a preferred embodiment, the frequency of access of disk block comprises: disk block deposit frequency, the read frequency of disk block in.
Layering storage relates to fineness and execution cycle.
Fineness, refers to and allows to carry out access behavior, collection analysis and Data Migration with great disk unit.Fineness has determined to carry out the data volume of required migration while reconfiguring, the optimization effect of the stored configuration that can reach, meticulousr, the smaller the better in theory, but too meticulous can increasing followed the tracks of the burden that statistical operation brings controller, logical unit number (LUN for 1 100GB, Logical Unit Number), if fineness is 1GB, need to follow the tracks of 100 block of statistics, if fineness is 10MB, need to follow the tracks of 10,000 block of statistics, operational ton has exceeded 100 times, and the metadata data volume corresponding to block also significantly increases thereupon simultaneously.
In a preferred embodiment, periodically follow the tracks of the accessing operation to each disk block, the frequency that counts accessing operation comprises as described frequency of access:
Within each cycle, that adds up each disk block deposits frequency and read frequency in simultaneously, deposit in frequency and read frequency with value as the current frequency of access in one-period,
After adding up, the described current frequency of access that each cycle is counted averages again the frequency of access that calculates described accessing operation.
In a preferred embodiment, memory device comprises a plurality of disk block, specifically comprises:
Disk in memory device is divided into several disk block in logic, and the capacity of each disk block meets the regulation of fineness.
The technology that the embodiment of the present invention provides is applicable to comprise various types of storage mediums of RAID array and filing tape, is not limited to RAID array.If memory device is RAID array specifically, in RAID array, the capacity of each disk block in logic meets the regulation of fineness.
The regulation of fineness comprises, in a LUN, the capacity of a disk block is less than or equal to one of the percentage of the capacity of LUN, be more than or equal to LUN capacity ten thousand/.
To be dispersed in the disk block of different accumulation layers, be combined into virtual LUN or volume (Volume), in other words, is that the disk block of rolling up or LUN comprises is dispersed in different accumulation layers.
Execution cycle, refers to how long carry out primary access behavior, collection analysis and and Data Migration.Execution cycle affects the speed that the behavior of system reflection disk access changes, and execution cycle is too short, more intensive, the distribution that system can reset Configuration Data in different disk layer according to up-to-date disk access state faster; Otherwise if execution cycle is long, probably great change has occurred disk access state, but whole system still must be waited until next statistical study and the arrival of Data Migration time lentamente, could again assign disk resource; Execution cycle is too intensive, also can cause statistical study and Data Migration operation to take the spinoff of too much I/O resource.
In a preferred embodiment, regularly performance analysis goes out that frequency of access is greater than the hot-zone piece of first threshold and cold-zone piece that frequency of access is less than Second Threshold comprises:
Within the business ebb period, periodically according to the frequency of access counting, analyze Kuai Yu cold-zone, hot-zone piece.
Therefore Data Migration operation, the efficiency that can consume disk array controller, provides preset operating function to allow to set the time section that statistical study and Data Migration operate, to avoid access peak period.
Conventionally can take 24 hours as an execution cycle, particularly, after only can setting and allowing at night at 7, or the next period such as morning on evening Friday to Sunday, carry out migration operation.Or also can take one week as an execution cycle, at weekend, carry out migration operation.
Consider the single path fault of data transmission, multi-path transmission is supported in AUTOMATIC ZONING storage.
In a preferred embodiment, the Data Migration in the piece of hot-zone, to high speed storing layer, to low speed accumulation layer, is also comprised the Data Migration in the piece of cold-zone before:
Set up hot-zone piece to the multi-path transmission link between high speed storing layer,
Set up cold-zone piece to the multi-path transmission link between low speed accumulation layer.
The difference depositing between frequency and read frequency of data may be very large, some data only can write continuously, but seldom have an opportunity to be read, and the probability of some data rewritings is little, but read very frequent, read with deposit in data put together analyze not accurate enough.
In a preferred embodiment, uninterrupted tracking and the frequency of access of adding up each disk block in a time interval, specifically comprises:
Uninterrupted tracking and the frequency that deposits in of adding up each disk block,
Uninterrupted tracking and the read frequency of adding up each disk block.
To reading of data be carried out statistics and can obtain more accurate statistics with being deposited in to separate.
Based on this, in a preferred embodiment, regularly performance analysis goes out frequency of access and is greater than the hot-zone piece of first threshold and the cold-zone piece that frequency of access is less than Second Threshold, specifically comprises:
Regularly performance analysis goes out to deposit in frequency and is greater than the hot-zone piece of first threshold and deposits the cold-zone piece that frequency is less than Second Threshold in;
Regularly performance analysis goes out read frequency and is greater than the hot-zone piece of first threshold and the cold-zone piece that read frequency is less than Second Threshold.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of system that automatically realizes managing hierarchically storage, as shown in Figure 2, comprising:
Layering storage unit, comprises the accumulation layer of supporting different access speeds;
Memory device, comprises a plurality of disk block;
Data Collection and analysis module, for uninterruptedly follow the tracks of and add up the frequency of access of each disk block in a time interval, regularly performance analysis goes out frequency of access and is greater than the hot-zone piece of first threshold and the cold-zone piece that frequency of access is less than Second Threshold;
Data Migration module, for by the Data Migration of described hot-zone piece to high speed storing layer, by the Data Migration in the piece of cold-zone to low speed accumulation layer.
As shown in Figure 2, the accumulation layer of different access speeds comprises high speed storing layer, normal storage layer and low speed accumulation layer.
In a preferred embodiment, also comprise:
Storage Virtualization module, is connected with memory device, and for the disk of memory device being divided into several disk block in logic, the capacity of each disk block meets the regulation of fineness.
Particularly, Storage Virtualization module will be dispersed in the disk block of different accumulation layers, is combined into virtual Volume or LUN, namely the block of Volume or LUN is distributed in different accumulation layers.
Data Collection and analysis module are called again IO statistical module, and in a preferred embodiment, Data Collection and analysis module, comprising:
Follow the tracks of statistic unit, for setting described time interval business ebb period specifically, and within the business ebb period, periodically follow the tracks of the accessing operation to each disk block, count the frequency of accessing operation as described frequency of access;
Analytic unit, within the business ebb period, periodically analyzes Kuai Yu cold-zone, hot-zone piece according to the frequency of access counting.
Adopt this programme advantage to be afterwards: in the process of the frequency of access of tracking and each disk block of statistics, according to the result of statistics, by access frequently Data Migration to high speed storing layer, by access not frequently Data Migration to low speed accumulation layer, time and the resource of migration mass data have been saved, and after access process in, will point to respectively the access of hot spot data and non-hot spot data at a high speed and low speed accumulation layer, this has optimized access process.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, do not departing under the prerequisite of principle of the present invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a method that automatically realizes layering storage, is characterized in that, layering storage unit comprises the accumulation layer of supporting different access speeds, and memory device comprises a plurality of disk block;
Method comprises:
In a time interval, uninterruptedly follow the tracks of and add up the frequency of access of each disk block, regularly performance analysis goes out frequency of access and is greater than the hot-zone piece of first threshold and the cold-zone piece that frequency of access is less than Second Threshold;
By the Data Migration in the piece of described hot-zone to high speed storing layer, by the Data Migration in the piece of cold-zone to low speed accumulation layer.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in a time interval, uninterrupted tracking with the frequency of access of each disk block of statistics comprises:
A described time interval is the business ebb period specifically,
Within the business ebb period, periodically follow the tracks of the accessing operation to each disk block, count the frequency of accessing operation as described frequency of access.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the frequency of access of disk block comprises: disk block deposit frequency, the read frequency of disk block in.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, periodically follows the tracks of the accessing operation to each disk block, and the frequency that counts accessing operation comprises as described frequency of access:
Within each cycle, that adds up each disk block deposits frequency and read frequency in simultaneously, deposit in frequency and read frequency with value as the current frequency of access in one-period,
After adding up, the described current frequency of access that each cycle is counted averages again the frequency of access that calculates described accessing operation.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, memory device comprises a plurality of disk block, specifically comprises:
Disk in memory device is divided into several disk block in logic, and the capacity of each disk block meets the regulation of fineness.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, regularly performance analysis goes out that frequency of access is greater than the hot-zone piece of first threshold and cold-zone piece that frequency of access is less than Second Threshold comprises:
Within the business ebb period, periodically according to the frequency of access counting, analyze Kuai Yu cold-zone, hot-zone piece.
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the Data Migration in the piece of hot-zone, to high speed storing layer, to low speed accumulation layer, is also comprised the Data Migration in the piece of cold-zone before:
Set up hot-zone piece to the multi-path transmission link between high speed storing layer,
Set up cold-zone piece to the multi-path transmission link between low speed accumulation layer.
8. a system that realizes layering storage, is characterized in that, comprising:
Layering storage unit, comprises the accumulation layer of supporting different access speeds;
Memory device, comprises a plurality of disk block;
Data Collection and analysis module, for uninterruptedly follow the tracks of and add up the frequency of access of each disk block in a time interval, regularly performance analysis goes out frequency of access and is greater than the hot-zone piece of first threshold and the cold-zone piece that frequency of access is less than Second Threshold;
Data Migration module, for by the Data Migration of described hot-zone piece to high speed storing layer, by the Data Migration in the piece of cold-zone to low speed accumulation layer.
9. system according to claim 8, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Storage Virtualization module, is connected with memory device, and for the disk of memory device being divided into several disk block in logic, the capacity of each disk block meets the regulation of fineness.
10. system according to claim 8, is characterized in that, Data Collection and analysis module comprise:
Follow the tracks of statistic unit, for setting described time interval business ebb period specifically, and within the business ebb period, periodically follow the tracks of the accessing operation to each disk block, count the frequency of accessing operation as described frequency of access;
Analytic unit, within the business ebb period, periodically analyzes Kuai Yu cold-zone, hot-zone piece according to the frequency of access counting.
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