CN104100099B - The dry spraying in a kind of building surface sand cleaning method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of dry spraying sand cleaning method for building surface, for different situations such as building surface epoch, material, pollutions, use different cleansing medium compositions and proportioning, the particle size range of cleansing medium is 50 180 mesh, requirement according to cleaning performance uses the distance of different cleaning pressures and spray gun and metope, take the mode of dry spraying sand, it is achieved the Echtheit reparation on building building surface.

Description

The dry spraying in a kind of building surface sand cleaning method

Technical field

The present invention relates to build recovery technique field, particularly relate to a kind of for the dry spraying lossless cleaning of sand of building surface Method.

Background technology

Due to a variety of causes, repairing the style using of repairing of building, it only goes back original building more in the past Style, does not considers to build former style and features, entirely builds " taking on an entirely new look " after reparation, is difficult to told which portion of building Dividing is left over by history, and which part, through repairing, has the material of weathering of important historical value all by newly Material replace.The simply simple copy to building of such repair mode, has obliterated the history letter of floor decoration Breath, loses the meaning that building is repaired.The surface of some historical buildings is cut completely, after " original state " repairs, There is very high history and become, with culture, the historical building of technological value, the false antique being tantamount to replicate.

In recent years, more and more higher to the cry of the reparation building lossless and Echtheit, i.e. the reparation to building really needs Want, repair the building finishing and look over from afar, there is the style and features of original building, maintain the style of original building, But being that left over by history gets off from can be clearly told which part nearby, which part is through repairing, such Repair the standard of the reparation just meeting Historical Buildings.

Most domestic historical protective building experienced by repeatedly Late reformation, and surface is in the color, texture of material Thickening unclear, the wall face of the historical building for example having is cement mortar rendering layer, repeatedly coated with polyethylene The decorative paints such as water paint, paint, acrylic coating, carbon element class, surface spot is shelled, is lost historical building Seriousness, and its cultural traits being contained and historical relevance information.

Outside Wall Cleaning is the primary procedure of the protection to body of wall, removes all harmful substances on surface, including microorganism, Soluble salt, slightly solubility duricrust, the coating residue etc. being remained after dust crock, and all previous reparation, alleviate The negative effect that environment produces, thus extends the life-span of construction wall, while increasing outer surface of building attractive in appearance not Injure the natural quality of the original material of outer surface.

The cleaning principle of historical building, according to the correlation criterion of historical relic's protection industry, needs to use Environment protection cleaning Method removes exterior coating, and follows following principle: (1) can not use the severe corrosive materials such as strong acid and strong base, Avoid producing harm to subjects or experimenter.Otherwise, historical relic body will suffer corrosion failure, also not be inconsistent Close the basic demand of historical relic's protection.(2) volatile organic solvent can not be used, to avoid affecting surrounding environment And citizen.(3) avoid using the method for strong machinery and highly energy-consuming, in order to avoid injury being produced to historical relic body, such as Giant and high-pressure sand blast method etc..

And the method taked in current industry also exists such defect:

1. high-low pressure spraying-rinsing method, substantial amounts of moisture is difficult to all rows after infiltrating into plain brick wall pore Go out, and cause secondary biological pollution to metope, and the existence easy damaged intrinsic silicon of large quantity of moisture Structure, can cause the serious accumulation of salt in the surface soil phenomenon that the wall-surface patching after cleaning works simultaneously.

2. high steam, atomized water drench cleaning method, it is impossible to fully erased surface whole artificial, biological and oneself So pollute.

3. a large amount of chemical compositions in chemical material cleaning method, chemical solvent or application, such as sodium metasilicate, hydrogen Calcium oxide, calcium carbonate and oxirane Yang Huan propane copolymer etc., can stop over inside plain brick wall, And forever cannot get rid of outside body of wall, under the long-term irradiation of sunshine middle-ultraviolet lamp, these chemical compositions Metope discoloration from outside to inside can be made, irreversible possible permanent damage can be caused to metope.

4. laser method is not suitable for scraggly surface dust fall, greasy dirt, water stain is carried out, and time-consuming takes a lot of work.

Therefore, our technical staff is devoted to develop the above-mentioned building dry spraying lossless cleaning method of sand, on solving State deficiency.

Content of the invention

Because the drawbacks described above of prior art, the technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of to realize building Build the lossless of surface and Echtheit reparation, with the thorough pollutant removing building surface, recover the original of building surface Style and features, and the cleaning method of secondary damage is not caused to building.

For achieving the above object, the invention provides the dry spraying in a kind of building surface lossless physical cleaning method of sand, bag Include following steps:

A the situations such as building epoch on surface, material, pollution are analyzed by (), determine building surface from stature The hardness of matter, and the hardness of pollutant；

B () prepares cleansing medium；

C () regulates compressed-air actuated pressure；

The distance of (d) selection spray gun and target and cleansing medium spray regime；

E () carries out the lossless physical cleaning of mist sand to cleaning target.

Further, the cleansing medium described in step (b) is quartz sand, calcium carbonate or garnet, or three kinds of materials The mixture of material proportioning.

Further, in step (b), the particle size range of quartz sand particle is: 50-120 mesh；The grain of calcium carbonate granule Footpath scope is: 80-130 mesh；The particle size range of garnet grains is: 80-130 mesh.

Further, in step (c) compressed-air actuated pressure at (0-12) MPa.

Further, in step (d), the distance of spray gun and target is held between 45-130CM, the average list of spray gun The position time of staying is 0.1-1.5 second/square centimeter.

Further, the speed of the sandblasting described in step (d) is 0-100g/s.

Further, in step (d), spray gun and the angle of target are 90 degree.

Further, before cleaning, first surface need to be pre-processed according to surface concrete condition if needed. Described pretreatment refers to: if building surface is timber, and wood surface exists rotten, carbonization phenomenon, needs to exist Make solidification process according to protection requirement before cleaning；It is timber as built surface, and wood surface exists thick and heavy oiliness Paint, needs before cleaning for oiliness enamelled coating grinding process；It is masonry material as built surface, and brick masonry surface is deposited In weathering phenomenon, need to make solidification process according to protection requirement before cleaning；As build surface have special pattern, Floriation, poster etc., need to carry out covering protection process according to protection requirement before cleaning.

Further, described building is historical building.

Wherein mist sand cleans and refers to use stable compressed air to be power, will be finely ground to 50～180 purposes clear Wash medium such as quartz sand, calcium carbonate or garnet with vaporific form, be at the uniform velocity ejected into building surface, due to vaporific The percussion to building surface for the cleansing medium, removes the pollutant on building surface.This method is a kind of lossless physics Cleaning method, wherein the particle diameter of mist sand will affect the effect of cleaning.

As shown in Figure 2, air conditioner 1 provides compressed air to the course of work, and compressed air is inputted air accumulator 2 In, being provided stable air-flow by air accumulator 2, air-flow enters moisture trap 3, and the condensed water in compressed air gathers Collection is in the bottom 4 of gas and water separator, and cleansing medium 5 and air-flow are mixed in device 7, filled by electromagnetic voltage adjusting Put 6 regulation pressure, cleansing medium and the water of mixing are delivered to spray gun, be sprayed onto building surface 8 and be carried out.

The inventive method selectes suitable cleansing medium, stable air pressure, suitable rifle wall away from and sandblasting spray Penetrating mode, the speed of output cleansing medium is uniform, sprays on metope with an angle of 90 degrees, with the mechanical means of mist sand The pollutant accumulating is removed from metope, while ensureing that exterior wall surface preserves from, removes all kinds of precipitation and dirt Stain, and can be adjusted in real time according to the actual conditions of body of wall.

The inventive method both can remove the frivolous pollutant on body of wall top layer, it is possible to fine basic unit such as timber, mural painting, Gypsum etc. accomplish lossless cleaning.

Brief description

The flow chart carrying out dry spraying sand lossless physical cleaning process to building that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of the dry spraying lossless physical cleaning of sand used in one specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the timber photo in one specific embodiment of the present invention before the dry spraying lossless physical cleaning of sand.

Fig. 4 is the timber photo in one specific embodiment of the present invention after the dry spraying lossless physical cleaning of sand.

Detailed description of the invention

In an embodiment of the inventive method, to (Chinese historical culture name town, Chuan Shazhong city street, PVG 2013) the distinctive historical building of the Republic of China's initial stage barrier water plate be carried out, in this project barrier water plate material For China fir, all previous reparation is coated with the hard pollution of the mixture strokes such as thick and heavy tung oil, paint, powder of lacquer putty for use on Object plane layer, basic unit is China fir material, during cleaning, it is impossible to have the composition of water, and than the pollution of surface layer Thing material is loose, and the cleaning not shining into damage while removing surface contaminant to basic unit needs the essence to cleaning pressure Quasi-control.

Hinder the analysis of water plate characteristic according to this historical building, use the lossless physical cleaning method of dry spray pointedly, real That execute it is important that ensure the security of basic unit's China fir material, the barrier original wood-grain texture of water plate is not caused by cleaning process Infringement, surface abrasion controls at minimum zone, concurrently disinfects the thick and heavy pollutant on the surface of barrier water plate, it is ensured that seamless Mark residual, non-secondary pollution:

The basis implemented is to be carried out test to barrier water plate, according to the difference of feature, position and the hardness hindering water plate, In conjunction with the cleaning performance reached of needs, determine be suitable for barrier water plate and clean final cleaning pressure, cleansing medium proportioning, Rifle wall away from and cleaning method.Confirm feature, position and the material of outer surface pollutant basic unit simultaneously, determine that sandblasting is clear It is respectively necessary for residence time for surface portion, it is ensured that to basic unit's wood-grain texture not damaged when washing.

Specific implementation process comprises the steps:

(1) air compressor and sand-blasting machine are connected；

(2) suitable nozzle is selected；

(3) air compressor is opened；

(4) adding cleansing medium to feed bin, wherein the size of cleansing medium and Fruit variety are in work progress Being tested by sample, through the accreditation of owner and design side before construction, cleansing medium is formulated as stone in the present embodiment The volume ratio of garnet and calcium carbonate is 9:1；

(5) regulating compressed-air actuated pressure and delaying the pressure tank 3Mpa that calms the anger, spout pressure 1.8Mpa, metope is subject to Power 300kg/m2

(6) start to clean.Independent air compressor is used to be ejected into cleansing medium with certain speed On metope, the speed of injection is freely controlled by air compressor, with mechanical method by the dirt of accumulation from Barrier water plate surface is removed.According to the different pollution condition of barrier water plate, exterior wall resist technology workman's level of specialty Mobile spray gun, spray gun becomes the distance of an angle of 90 degrees, spray gun and metope to be maintained between 45-50CM with metope, The mean unit time of staying of spray gun is about 1-1.5 second/square centimeter, and it is comprehensively careful to carry out barrier water plate Clean.

Chemical cleaning project is carried out according to order from top to bottom, confirms the effect cleaned in time in work progress And analysis.

Construction precautions:

1. do not need the position cleaned on pair outer surface, use the method for baffle shield to protect.

2. the not residual harmful substance of the metope after chemical cleaning project；

Through the strict enforcement of above operation, clean Chuan Shazhong city street historical building barrier with flying colors water plate surface is former and deposited The thick and heavy pollutant staying, and accomplished lossless protection to the China fir wood-grain texture of basic unit, allows country's history culture The barrier water plate in name town is retained and is represented.

Claims (7)

1. the dry spraying sand cleaning method building surface, it is characterised in that use stable air-flow, clean Medium is ejected into building surface with vaporific form, removes the pollutant on building surface；Described method includes following step Rapid:

(1) building epoch on surface, material, pollution condition are analyzed, determine building surface self material Hardness, and the hardness of pollutant；

(2) preparing cleansing medium, wherein said cleansing medium is quartz sand, calcium carbonate or garnet, or wherein two Kind or the mixture of three kinds of material preparations；Wherein the particle size range of quartz sand particle is: 50-120 mesh；Calcium carbonate The particle size range of particle is: 80-130 mesh；The particle size range of garnet grains is: 80-130 mesh；

(3) regulating the ratio of cleansing medium and compressed-air actuated pressure, air conditioner provides described compressed air, by institute Stating in compressed air input air accumulator, being provided stable air-flow by described air accumulator, described air-flow enters gas-water separation Device, the condensed water in described compressed air is gathered in the bottom of described moisture trap, described cleansing medium and described Air-flow mixes in a device, regulates pressure by electromagnetic voltage adjusting device, and cleansing medium and the water of mixing are delivered to spray Rifle, is sprayed onto building surface and is carried out；

(4) distance and the cleansing medium spray regime of spray gun and target are selected；

(5) lossless physical cleaning is carried out to target.

2. dry spraying sand cleaning method, the wherein compressed-air actuated pressure on building surface as claimed in claim 1 At 0-12MPa.

3. the dry spraying sand cleaning method on building surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein spray gun and target away from From being maintained between 45-130CM, the mean unit time of staying of spray gun is 0.1-1.5 second/square centimeter.

4. the dry spraying sand cleaning method on building surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the speed of sandblasting is 0-100g/s。

5. the dry spraying sand cleaning method on building surface as claimed in claim 1, the wherein angle of spray gun and target Degree is 90 degree.

6. the dry spraying sand cleaning method on building surface as claimed in claim 1, before wherein cleaning, needs root According to surface concrete condition, first pre-processing surface, described pretreatment refers to if needed: such as building surface For timber, and wood surface exist rot, carbonization phenomenon, need to make solidification process according to protection requirement before cleaning； It is timber as built surface, and wood surface exists thick and heavy oil paint, need to beat for oiliness enamelled coating before cleaning Mill process；It is masonry material as built surface, and brick masonry surface exists weathering phenomenon, needs before cleaning according to guarantor Protect requirement and make solidification process；Have special pattern, floriation, poster as built surface, need before cleaning according to guarantor Protect requirement and carry out covering protection process.

7. the dry spraying sand cleaning method on building surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein building is historical building.