CN104099608B - The method of Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating is prepared in a kind of cold spraying - Google Patents

The method of Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating is prepared in a kind of cold spraying Download PDF

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CN104099608B
CN104099608B CN201310123242.5A CN201310123242A CN104099608B CN 104099608 B CN104099608 B CN 104099608B CN 201310123242 A CN201310123242 A CN 201310123242A CN 104099608 B CN104099608 B CN 104099608B
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coating
spraying
seal coating
abradable seal
alloy
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CN104099608A (en
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沈艳芳
崔新宇
金征
陶永山
吴杰
熊天英
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Institute of Metal Research of CAS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method that Cu Ag Zn abradable seal coating is prepared in cold spraying, belong to high-temperature alloy protecting coating preparing technical field.Cu Ag Zn alloy powder after the method uses cold spray apparatus to dry sprays to surface on the high temperature alloy DZ445 matrix of blasting treatment, thus the Cu Ag Zn abradable seal coating obtaining stable components, being well combined.Result shows, cold spraying is a kind of effective ways preparing Ag Cu alloy abradable seal coating, compare compared with existing thermal spraying Ag Cu alloying technology and not only there is the features such as coating layer thickness is big, fine and close and base material adhesion is strong, protection effect is good, the most also there is coating and be substantially not present oxidation and carry out the advantages such as field repair for coating local shedding.Coating of the present invention plays the effect of obturaging of middle low temperature, and design temperature is about 400 DEG C.

Description

The method of Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating is prepared in a kind of cold spraying
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-temperature alloy protecting coating technical field, be specifically related to a kind of cold spraying and prepare Cu-Ag-Zn The method of abradable seal coating.
Background technology
For improving the efficiency of aero-engine, reducing oil consumption.Compressor, turbine tip and machine should be reduced as far as possible Gap between casket.The gas circuit technology of obturaging is to improve the important means one of engine performance.Abradable seal coating Owing to its production technology is easy, it is easy with tuning performance to reprocess, obturages effective and be applied.Seal coating Mostly it is made up of a certain proportion of metal phase and the nonmetallic composite with self-lubricating function, wherein also has More hole.Requiring that coating is softer, make blade tip easy scraping coating and not damaged blade, i.e. had grinds Consumption;The most also require that coating has certain hardness.Electromotor high speed air-flow and solids thereof can be resisted Wash away, i.e. require the erosion wear resistance having had;It is also required that the bond strength that coating has had.It is typically employed in Armature spindle, drum letter, axle, moving blade blade tip, obturaging between compressor and turbine fill surface, between controlling Gap, reduces leakage.External existing nearly 20 kinds of abradable seal coating powders for electromotor different parts. Domestic spraying by the technological parameter provided mainly from external import powder, quality control index is only hardness. Therefore, it is necessary to coating powder, spraying coating process and coating performance are carried out systematic study.Have studied several herein Middle low temperature abradable seal coating powder, technique and key property.
Cold spraying (also known as cold air power spraying and coating) is to make it under complete solid-state with compressed gas-driven metallic With high velocity collision substrate, make particle that violent plastic deformation to occur and the one of formation of deposits coating is novel Spraying technology.Cold spraying has the feature of solid deposited under low temperature, can significantly reduce and even completely eliminate tradition In thermal spraying, oxidation, phase transformation, segregation, residual tension and crystal grain such as are grown up at the adverse effect.
In recent years, flame-spraying and plasma spraying are prepared Ag-Cu alloy and are obturaged painting to have had thermal spraying to include The report of layer, but coating quality is the highest, and there is obvious hole with the interface of matrix in coating, coating itself is the most not Fine and close.And this Ag-Cu alloy seal coating is only applicable to the dish axle below 400 DEG C and obturages ring.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method that cold spray technique prepares Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating, solve existing Prepare, with the presence of plasma spray technology, the problem that coating quality during Ag-Cu alloy seal coating is poor, open up a kind of new The effective way preparing Ag-Cu alloy seal coating, to obtaining actual application early.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
The method of Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating is prepared in a kind of cold spraying, and the method is with Cu-Ag-Zn alloy Powder is raw material, uses cold spray technique to prepare Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal on high temperature alloy DZ445 matrix Coating.
During described employing cold spray technique prepares Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating, use with gas The cold spray apparatus of heater, during spraying, gas heating-up temperature is 200~550 DEG C, spray gas can use air, Nitrogen or argon, during spraying, gas pressure is 1.5~2.5MPa, and spray distance is 10~30mm.
Described its chemical composition of Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder is by weight percentage: Cu:40%~60%, Ag: 10~30%, Zn: surplus;Described Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder is prepared by gas-atomized powder method.
Described Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder, its granularity requirements is: granularity < its quality hundred of the alloy powder of 35 μm Divide content less than < 10%, its weight/mass percentage composition of the alloy powder of granularity 35 μm~45 μm is more than 90%, surplus For granularity > alloy powder of 45 μm.
The composition of described high temperature alloy DZ445 is by weight percentage: C :~0.07%, Cr :~12.96%, Co: ~9.83%, W :~4.55%, Mo :~1.75%, Al :~4.11%, Ti :~2.29%, Ta :~4.82%, Mn: < 0.05%, Si: < 0.10%, P: < 0.005%, S: < 0.003%, Fe: < 0.05%, Cu: < 0.02%, remaining is trace.
The thickness of described Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating is 50~500 μm.
The said method cold spray apparatus with gas heater used includes gas heater, powder feeder, spray gun And control system;Wherein: utilize compressed air powder feeding and powder is accelerated, driving gas and carrier gas to be pressed by maximum The air compressor machine of power 3.0MPa provides, and carrier gas is heated by described gas heater, and the carrier gas after heating is in spray In rifle, the powder with powder feeder conveying mixes mutually, can pre-heating powder and carrier gas expansion acceleration, spray gun in spray gun It is vertically fixed on support;Sample is the motion of relative spray gun on X-Y two-dimension moving platform.
Design principle of the present invention is as follows:
The coating that defect to be obtained is few, quality is high needs to formulate a whole set of rational technological parameter.Although to carrier gas Body adds heat energy makes the speed of particle increase, thus increases the kinetic energy of particle to such an extent as to be more prone to tie with matrix Close, but the too high meeting of carrier gas temperature causes the crystal grain within powder particle to be grown up, deteriorate the performance of sprayed particle;With Time, spraying particle can be made to melt in spray gun, block spray gun.Certainly, gas temperature can not be the lowest, Otherwise it is unfavorable for the acceleration of sprayed particle.In the case of gas temperature reduces, spraying particle to be made deposits, Need to increase gas pressure, and gas pressure is limited to the ability of equipment.
The deposition of coating of the present invention is to complete on the cold spray apparatus with gas heater.Equipment is operationally It still is based on aerodynamic principle, utilizes gases at high pressure (He, N2, mixed gas or air) carry powder Produce supersonic speed two-phase flow after the scaled pipe of granule, under complete solid-state, clash into matrix, by bigger plasticity stream Dynamic deformation and be deposited on matrix surface formation coating.Spray gun utilizes Laval nozzle principle design.Spraying During, when the speed of particle exceedes its corresponding critical velocity, after particle encounter, it is deposited on matrix surface, Form coating;Otherwise, erosion phenomenon will occur.
Advantages of the present invention and having the beneficial effect that:
1, the present invention is in order to improve the quality of coating, obtains the coating being tightly combined and itself is fine and close with matrix, Have employed the cold spray apparatus with gas heater, powder feeder Cu-Ag-Zn alloyed powder out is added Heat, to reach to soften powder, increases the ability of its plastic deformation, obturages obtaining high-quality Cu-Ag-Zn Coating.Use cold spraying one step to be obtained with high-quality coating, eliminate follow-up heat treatment, i.e. save Operation reduces again cost, has a wide range of applications.
2, the inventive method can be prevented effectively from the oxidation of Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder in spraying process, to material Material organizational structure impact is little, remains composition and the structure of original dusty spray, does not produce impurity phase.Cold spraying Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder used can realize reclaiming completely substantially, substantial saving in spraying powder.Result Showing, cold spraying is a kind of effective ways preparing Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating.
3, cold spraying Cu-Ag-Zn coating process of the present invention more existing thermal spraying Ag-Cu alloying technology is compared not only There is the features such as coating layer thickness is big, fine and close and base material adhesion is strong, protection effect is good, the most also there is coating Be substantially not present oxidation and the local shedding phenomenon that is likely to occur for coating to carry out field repair etc. excellent
4, Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating prepared by the present invention plays the effect of obturaging of middle low temperature, design point temperature Being about 400 DEG C, washed away and blade scraping casing vibrations stress by pneumatic, working media is air.The present invention Fill up technological gap, there is the most preferably technique effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is cold spray apparatus schematic diagram used by the present invention;In figure: 1-control system, 2-gas heater, 3-workbench, 4-de Lavel spray gun, 5-powder feeder.
Fig. 2 is the stereoscan photograph of cold spraying Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating of the present invention;In figure: (a) sprays temperature The Cross Section Morphology of coating when degree is 300 DEG C, spray pressure is 1.5MPa;B () spraying temperature is 350 DEG C, spray It is coated with the Cross Section Morphology of coating when pressure is 1.5MPa;C () spraying temperature is 400 DEG C, spray pressure is 1.8MPa Time coating Cross Section Morphology;The cross section shape of coating when d () spraying temperature is 450 DEG C, spray pressure is 1.8MPa Looks;The Cross Section Morphology of coating when e () spraying temperature is 500 DEG C, spray pressure is 2.0MPa;(f) spraying temperature Be 550 DEG C, spray pressure Cross Section Morphology of coating when being 2.1MPa.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment describe in detail the present invention.
As it is shown in figure 1, the cold spraying system with gas heater includes gas heater 2, powder feeder 5, spray Rifle 4 and control system 1;Utilize compressed air powder feeding and powder is accelerated, driving gas and carrier gas to be pressed by maximum The air compressor machine of power 3.0MPa provides, and carrier gas is heated by described gas heater 2, and the carrier gas after heating exists In spray gun 4, the powder with powder feeder 5 conveying mixes mutually, can pre-heating powder and carrier gas expansion add in spray gun 4 Speed, spray gun is vertically fixed on support;Sample is at the upper relative spray gun of X-Y two-dimension moving platform (workbench 3) Motion.
In the present invention, spraying raw material selects Cu-Ag-Zn alloyed powder, and spraying base material is high temperature alloy DZ445. Spraying equipment is the above-mentioned cold spraying system with gas heater.Concrete technology parameter is as follows: carrier gas preheating temperature Degree is 200~550 DEG C, and spray distance is 10~30mm, and spray pressure is 1.5~2.5MPa.Before spraying, matrix Should first use acetone, ethanol oil removing, then carry out sandblasting roughening treatment with the white fused alumina of 24 mesh.
The Cu-Ag-Zn alloyed powder that spraying raw material is selected, its chemical composition is by weight percentage: Cu: 40%~60%, Ag:10~30%, Zn: surplus;This alloy powder is prepared by gas-atomized powder method.
Described Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder, its granularity requirements is: granularity < its quality hundred of the alloy powder of 35 μm Divide content<10%, its weight/mass percentage composition of the alloy powder of granularity 35 μm~45 μm>90%, granularity>45 μm Alloy powder be surplus.
Embodiment 1
Spraying raw material Cu-Ag-Zn alloyed powder, its chemical composition is by weight percentage: Cu:45%, Ag:28%, Zn:27%;Selecting compressed air as blasting medium, spray pressure is 2.0MPa, and spraying temperature is 250 DEG C, Spray distance is 25mm, uses cold spraying to prepare Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating on DZ445 matrix.Made The porosity of standby Cu-Ag-Zn coating is shown in Table 1, and Vickers hardness is shown in Table 2, is shown in Table with the adhesion intensity of matrix 3。
Embodiment 2
Spraying raw material Cu-Ag-Zn alloyed powder, its chemical composition is by weight percentage: Cu:50%, Ag:25%, Zn:25%;Selecting compressed air as blasting medium, spray pressure is 1.5MPa, and spraying temperature is 300 DEG C, Spray distance is 20mm, uses cold spraying to prepare Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating on DZ445 matrix.Made In the stereoscan photograph such as Fig. 2 of standby Cu-Ag-Zn coating shown in (a), coating porosity is shown in Table 1, Vickers Hardness is shown in Table 2, is shown in Table 3 with the adhesion intensity of matrix.
Embodiment 3
Spraying raw material Cu-Ag-Zn alloyed powder, its chemical composition is by weight percentage: Cu:50%, Ag:25%, Zn:25%;Selecting compressed air as blasting medium, spray pressure is 1.5MPa, and spraying temperature is 350 DEG C, Spray distance is 20mm, uses cold spraying to prepare Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating on DZ445 matrix.Made In the stereoscan photograph such as Fig. 2 of standby Cu-Ag-Zn coating shown in (b), coating porosity is shown in Table 1, Vickers Hardness is shown in Table 2, is shown in Table 3 with the adhesion intensity of matrix.
Embodiment 4
Spraying raw material Cu-Ag-Zn alloyed powder, its chemical composition is by weight percentage: Cu:50%, Ag:25%, Zn:25%;Selecting compressed air as blasting medium, spray pressure is 1.8MPa, and spraying temperature is 400 DEG C, Spray distance is 20mm, uses cold spraying to prepare Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating on DZ445 matrix.Made In the stereoscan photograph such as Fig. 2 of standby Cu-Ag-Zn coating shown in (c), coating porosity is shown in Table 1, Vickers Hardness is shown in Table 2, is shown in Table 3 with the adhesion intensity of matrix.
Embodiment 5
Spraying raw material Cu-Ag-Zn alloyed powder, its chemical composition is by weight percentage: Cu:50%, Ag:25%, Zn:25%;Selecting compressed air as blasting medium, spray pressure is 1.8MPa, and spraying temperature is 450 DEG C, Spray distance is 20mm, uses cold spraying to prepare Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating on DZ445 matrix.Made In the stereoscan photograph such as Fig. 2 of standby Cu-Ag-Zn coating shown in (d), coating porosity is shown in Table 1, Vickers Hardness is shown in Table 2, is shown in Table 3 with the adhesion intensity of matrix.
Embodiment 6
Spraying raw material Cu-Ag-Zn alloyed powder, its chemical composition is by weight percentage: Cu:50%, Ag:25%, Zn:25%;Selecting compressed air as blasting medium, spray pressure is 2.0MPa, and spraying temperature is 500 DEG C, Spray distance is 20mm, uses cold spraying to prepare Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating on DZ445 matrix.Made In the stereoscan photograph such as Fig. 2 of standby Cu-Ag-Zn coating shown in (e), coating porosity is shown in Table 1, Vickers Hardness is shown in Table 2, is shown in Table 3 with the adhesion intensity of matrix.
Embodiment 7
Spraying raw material Cu-Ag-Zn alloyed powder, its chemical composition is by weight percentage: Cu:42%, Ag:25%, Zn:33%;Selecting compressed air as blasting medium, spray pressure is 2.1MPa, and spraying temperature is 550 DEG C, Spray distance is 20mm, uses cold spraying to prepare Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating on DZ445 matrix.Made In the stereoscan photograph such as Fig. 2 of standby Cu-Ag-Zn coating shown in (f), coating porosity is shown in Table 1, and Vickers is hard Degree is shown in Table 2, is shown in Table 3 with the adhesion intensity of matrix.
The porosity contrast of Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating under the different cold spray process of table 1
The Vickers hardness of Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating under the different cold spray process of table 2
Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating and the bond strength of matrix under the different cold spray process of table 3

Claims (3)

1. the method that Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating is prepared in a cold spraying, it is characterised in that: the method It is with Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder as raw material, uses cold spray technique to prepare on high temperature alloy DZ445 matrix Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating;Cold spray technique is used to prepare the mistake of Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating Cheng Zhong, uses the cold spray apparatus with gas heater, and during spraying, gas heating-up temperature is 200~550 DEG C, Spray gas uses air, nitrogen or argon, and during spraying, gas pressure is 1.5~2.5MPa, and spray distance is 10~30mm;
Described its chemical composition of Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder is by weight percentage: Cu:40%~60%, Ag: 10~30%, Zn: surplus.
2. want the method preparing Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating described in 1 according to right, it is characterised in that: Described Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder, its granularity requirements is: < its percent mass of the alloy powder of 35 μm contains granularity Amount is less than 10%, and its weight/mass percentage composition of the alloy powder of granularity 35 μm~45 μm is more than 90%, and surplus is grain Degree > alloy powder of 45 μm.
The method preparing Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating the most according to claim 1, its feature exists In: the thickness of described Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating is 50~500 μm.
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CN108078363B (en) * 2016-11-22 2021-06-15 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 Method for shielding cold spraying of cookware, cookware prepared by method and cooking utensil
CN107761092B (en) * 2017-11-08 2019-03-22 新疆亚中易德环保科技有限公司 A kind of aerodynamic force spraying copper alloy coating intensifying method
CN112157269B (en) * 2020-09-24 2021-11-26 四川大学 Preparation method of cold spray coating based on heat treatment of aluminum alloy powder
CN113201733B (en) * 2021-04-25 2022-11-15 西安建筑科技大学 Composite material with abradable seal coating and preparation method thereof

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