CN104098239B - sewage sludge treatment method - Google Patents
sewage sludge treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104098239B CN104098239B CN201410381206.3A CN201410381206A CN104098239B CN 104098239 B CN104098239 B CN 104098239B CN 201410381206 A CN201410381206 A CN 201410381206A CN 104098239 B CN104098239 B CN 104098239B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of sewage sludge treatment method, comprise the following steps: 1) mud in mud freezing container is carried out lasting freezing by lyophilize Power Cycle, continue freezing rear mud to be thawed, repeated multiple times freeze-thaw like this; 2) in filter-pressing device, the mud after terminating through freeze-thaw process is dewatered, point press filtration stage and press dewatering stage, make mud be become the bulk mud cake shape mud of low-water-content by press filtration; 3) bulk mud cake shape mud carries out fragmentation in shredder assembly, forms little mud granule; 4) delivered in sludge drying mechanism by the mud granule after fragmentation and carry out drying, by lyophilize Power Cycle by condenser heat rejection, transfer heat to air, warm air enters sludge drying mechanism and carries out drying to mud granule.The present invention adds chemicals without in mud, and treating processes can not increase mud handling capacity, and the recycle of working medium energy substantially increases freezing efficiency and the heat utilization ratio of mud.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of sludge treatment, specifically a kind of sewage sludge treatment method.
Background technology
A large amount of mud is produced in sewage treatment process, its quantity accounts for the 0.3%-0.5% of the process water yield, the process investment of mud and running cost are very huge, expense for sewage sludge process generally accounts for the 20%-50% of sewage work's working cost, brings white elephant to sewage disposal.Sludge dewatering is very important link in specific resistance to filtration, and the drying, burning, recycling, landfill etc. follow-up to mud are all significant.The key of sludge dewatering improves the dewatering of mud, and current traditional treatment process first nurses one's health by adding flocculation agent, and then pressure filter carries out mechanical dehydration, and landfill, fermentation composting etc. are carried out in the mud outward transport forming water ratio about 60%.Adding flocculation agent pretreatment process is throwing out by flocculation agent, reduce the avidity of mud and water, change the existence form of moisture in mud, in and contrary electric charge in sewage, compression double electric layer, plays adsorption bridging to de-steady flocculated particle, makes it form large flco fast, thus elimination of colloid stability is condensed, realize solid-liquid separation.Flocculant dosage is to account for the percentages of sewage sludge solid dry weight, and different flocculant dosages can be distinguished to some extent.Although significantly can be improved the dewatering of mud by the method adding flocculation agent, owing to needing a large amount of flocculation agents, not only increase the cost of sewage sludge process, and a large amount of flocculation agents can be increased in the mud after dehydration, strengthens the treatment capacity of mud.Other pretreatment processs such as supersound process needs the amount of heat of consumption, and needs to set up ultrasonic processing apparatus; Biological process and thermodynamic method is adopted to need to consume biotechnological formulation and heat.
Freezing method is adopted to carry out pre-treatment in early stage to mud, mud can destroy the bonding force of mud and water and destroy the structure (be similar to freezing after built-in bean curd) of colloid after repeatedly freezing, elimination of colloid stability is condensed and membranolysis, the cell interior water dialysis being mechanically difficult to remove is made out to form mechanical means easily with the interstitial water removed, the rapid sedimentation of mud granule, dewatering speed is front higher tens times than freezing, freezing method is adopted not add medicament, reagent cost can be saved, and additionally can not increase the sewage sludge treatment capacity in later stage, again in conjunction with mud method for subsequent processing, complete sludge deep minimizing process.
But, prior art is to the freezing main dependence physical environment of mud, namely mud is placed in outdoor dependence physical environment under arctic weather to be cooled to about-10 DEG C and to carry out freezing and thaw, but low, the consuming time length of efficiency, if and cannot operate in situation in southern area or non-winter, natural condition requirement comparatively harshness.In addition, prior art uses external force carry out freezing to mud and thaw and need freeze to mud and heat dual energy, and cost is very high, therefore is difficult to apply.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to the problem that increase flocculation agent can increase sewage sludge treatment capacity and freezing efficiency is low, cost is high that above-mentioned prior art exists, provide a kind for the treatment of processes and can not increase sewage sludge treatment capacity, the high and sewage sludge treatment method that capacity usage ratio is high of freezing efficiency.
Technical solution of the present invention is, a kind of sewage sludge treatment method of following structure is provided, based on sludge treatment equipment, described sludge treatment equipment comprises mud freezing container, sludge drying mechanism and lyophilize Power Cycle, described lyophilize Power Cycle comprises compressor, first vaporizer, condenser and the second vaporizer be arranged in mud freezing container, the outlet side of compressor is connected with condenser, condenser is connected with the first vaporizer through throttling element, first vaporizer is connected with the inlet end of compressor through the second vaporizer, described condenser is connected with bottom sludge drying mechanism by gas pipeline, and the first vaporizer is connected with sludge drying mechanism top with by gas pipeline, and the condenser is simultaneously connected by gas pipeline with the first vaporizer,
Described sewage sludge treatment method comprises the following steps:
1) mud in mud freezing container is carried out lasting freezing by lyophilize Power Cycle, continue freezing rear mud to be thawed, repeated multiple times freeze-thaw like this;
2) in filter-pressing device, the mud after terminating through freeze-thaw process is dewatered, point press filtration stage and press dewatering stage, make mud be become the bulk mud cake shape mud of low-water-content by press filtration;
3) bulk mud cake shape mud carries out fragmentation in shredder assembly, forms little mud granule;
4) delivered in sludge drying mechanism by the mud granule after fragmentation and carry out drying, by lyophilize Power Cycle by condenser heat rejection, transfer heat to air, warm air enters sludge drying mechanism and carries out drying to mud granule;
Adopt above structure, the present invention compared with prior art, have the following advantages: adopt the present invention, make use of lyophilize Power Cycle, achieve the freezing of mud in mud freezing container and the drying to the mud in sludge drying mechanism simultaneously, working medium is under compressor effect, export high pressure gaseous working medium, through condenser, heat in working medium is by absorption of air, transfer heat to air, air themperature raises, Temperature of Working reduces, warm air passes in sludge drying mechanism and carries out drying to material, working medium is condensed and becomes high-pressure liquid, high-pressure liquid working medium becomes low-pressure liquid working medium after throttling element step-down, low-pressure liquid working medium enters into the first vaporizer, absorb atmospheric heat in the first vaporizer (from material top air) out, to air cooling-down, after saturated air cooling, the moisture that it can hold reduces, unnecessary hydrogenesis becomes liquid water to be drained by the water accumulating disc of the first vaporizer, low-pressure gaseous is become (if the heat of working medium absorption air is insufficient from low-pressure liquid after working medium heat absorption, the working medium of guarantee section liquid state can only flash to gaseous working medium, and the liquid refrigerant of remainder and gaseous working medium form two-phase working substance) enter into the second vaporizer, working medium absorbs the heat of mud in the second vaporizer, (this temperature range is better mud to be cooled to required freezing temp-10 DEG C ~-15 DEG C, but be not limited to this numerical range), now liquid working substance is then gasificated into gaseous working medium, gaseous working medium enters in compressor.In mud freezing container, mud is through repeatedly freeze-thaw (thaw and can naturally thaw), destroy the structure of mud, mud through thawing enters filter-pressing device, mud is pressed into bulk pie mud by filter-pressing device, send into shredder assembly again and carry out fragmentation formation mud granule, mud granule carries out drying in sludge drying mechanism, achieves the stage process of mud.Owing to adding chemicals without in mud, therefore treating processes can not increase sewage sludge treatment capacity, and the recycle of working medium energy substantially increases the freezing efficiency of mud; Only need by spending a small amount of compressor energy, working medium can will be several times as much as the heat " carrying " of energy consumption of compressor in loft drier in freezing container, realize the freezing of mud and drying sludge simultaneously, namely the cold source of freezing needs is solved, solve again the dry origin of heat needed, make cold and heat reach an extraordinary balance, substantially increase heat and be suitable for efficiency, energy-saving effect is obvious.
As preferably, described mud freezing container is multiple, second vaporizer and mud freezing container one_to_one corresponding, the two ends of the second vaporizer in multiple mud freezing container are connected with the first vaporizer and compressor respectively by working medium reversing valve, the bottom of mud freezing container is provided with filtration, and the bottom of multiple mud freezing container is passed through liquid reversing valve and is communicated with filter-pressing device through fluid pipeline.Like this, the mud in a mud freezing container carry out freezing when, the mud of partial sludge freezing container carries out nature and thaws, and what thawed is then directly delivered in filter-pressing device, thus improve processing efficiency, can continuous seepage be carried out.
As preferably, described sludge drying mechanism comprises loft drier and mud panel turnover mechanism, described mud panel turnover mechanism, on the vertical height of the difference of horizontal arrangement in loft drier, described mud panel turnover mechanism is staggered, and a mud panel turnover mechanism of bottommost layer stretches out outside loft drier.Like this, mud enters sludge drying mechanism after fragmentation, first the mud panel turnover mechanism the superiors are fallen into, along with the transmission of mud panel turnover mechanism, mud drops on the mud panel turnover mechanism of lower one deck, the mud panel turnover mechanism of lower one deck commutates and drives to other one end, and so forth, warm air can be realized contact up and down with mud, omnibearing drying, improve drying effect, when dropping down onto a mud panel turnover mechanism of bottommost layer, because it stretches out outside loft drier, mud is sent to outside loft drier by it, enters next step operation process.
As preferably, described filter-pressing device is plate-and-frame filter press, plate-and-frame filter press comprises multiple sheet frame, drawing-plate mechanism is provided with below sheet frame, described drawing-plate mechanism comprises polylith guiding piece and slide plate, is provided with articulated linkage, and is equipped with roller between adjacent two pieces of guiding pieces under every block guiding piece, described polylith guiding piece is placed on slide plate, and can be rolled with slide plate by roller and be connected.Like this, carry out pull by polylith drawing-plate mechanism, the pull of multiple sheet frame can be realized, solve the current problem simultaneously can only drawing one piece of sheet frame, shorten the arm-tie time, improve the efficiency of press filtering of filter-pressing device.
As preferably, mechanical dehydration is carried out in plate-and-frame filter press, first carry out the press filtration stage, press filtration pressure is 1.0-1.2Mpa, and time of filter pressing is 1.5-2 hour, through the moisture percentage in sewage sludge 65%-70% in press filtration stage, enter into the press dewatering stage again, squeeze pressure is 1.5Mpa, and the squeezing time is 1 hour, and after process, moisture percentage in sewage sludge is about 60%-65%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is sludge treatment equipment schematic diagram used in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of drawing-plate mechanism.
Fig. 3 is the FB(flow block) of the method for the present invention.
As shown in the figure, 1, filter-pressing device, 1.1, sheet frame, 1.2, guiding piece, 1.3, slide plate, 1.4, articulated linkage, 1.5, roller, 2, shredder assembly, 3, sludge drying mechanism, 3.1, loft drier, 3.2, mud panel turnover mechanism, 4, mud freezing container, 5, compressor, the 6, first vaporizer, 7, condenser, the 8, second vaporizer, 9, throttling element, 10, gas pipeline, 11, working medium reversing valve, 12, filtration, 13, liquid reversing valve, 14, fluid pipeline, 15, rotor pump.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
As shown in 1 and 2 figure, a kind of sludge treatment equipment involved in the present invention, comprise filter-pressing device 1, shredder assembly 2 and sludge drying mechanism 3, have after filter-pressing device 1 pair of mud carries out press filtration process and carry out break process by shredder assembly 2, enter sludge drying mechanism 3 after sludge crushing and carry out drying treatment;
Described sludge treatment equipment also comprises mud freezing container 4 and lyophilize Power Cycle, the second vaporizer 8 that described lyophilize Power Cycle comprises compressor 5, first vaporizer 6, condenser 7 and is arranged in mud freezing container 4, the outlet side of compressor 5 is connected with condenser 6, condenser 7 is connected with the first vaporizer 6 through throttling element 9, and the first vaporizer 6 is connected with the inlet end of compressor 5 through the second vaporizer 8; Described condenser 7 is connected with bottom sludge drying mechanism 3 by gas pipeline 10, and the first vaporizer 6 is connected with sludge drying mechanism 3 top with by gas pipeline 10, and the condenser 7 is simultaneously connected by gas pipeline 10 with the first vaporizer 6.
Described mud freezing container 4 is multiple, second vaporizer 8 and mud freezing container 4 one_to_one corresponding, the two ends of the second vaporizer 8 in multiple mud freezing container 4 are connected with the first vaporizer 6 and compressor 5 respectively by working medium reversing valve 11, the bottom of mud freezing container 4 is provided with filtration 12, and the bottom of multiple mud freezing container 4 is by liquid reversing valve 13 and be communicated with filter-pressing device 1 through fluid pipeline 14; Mud after thawing is pumped into filter-pressing device 1 from mud freezing container 4 by rotor pump 15.
Described sludge drying mechanism 3 comprises loft drier 3.1 and mud panel turnover mechanism 3.2, described mud panel turnover mechanism, on the vertical height of the difference of horizontal arrangement in loft drier 3.1, described sludge turning trigger 3.2 structure is staggered, and a mud panel turnover mechanism 3.2 of bottommost layer stretches out outside loft drier 3.1.
Described filter-pressing device 1 is plate-and-frame filter press, plate-and-frame filter press comprises multiple sheet frame 1.1, drawing-plate mechanism is provided with below sheet frame 1.1, described drawing-plate mechanism comprises polylith guiding piece 1.2 and slide plate 1.3, articulated linkage 1.4 is provided with between adjacent two pieces of guiding pieces 1.2, and being equipped with roller 1.5 1.2 times at every block guiding piece, described polylith guiding piece 1.2 is placed on slide plate 1.3, and is slidably connected with slide plate 1.3 by roller 1.5.
Described sewage sludge treatment method comprises the following steps:
1) mud in mud freezing container is carried out lasting freezing by lyophilize Power Cycle, continue freezing rear mud to be thawed, repeated multiple times freeze-thaw like this; Freezing temp-10 DEG C ~-15 DEG C, freezing time 72 little carry out repeatedly at present freezing; Carry out between 20-40 DEG C thaw (can adopt normal temperature unfreezing), thawing time is about 6 hours;
2) in filter-pressing device, the mud after terminating through freeze-thaw process is dewatered, point press filtration stage and press dewatering stage, make mud be become the bulk mud cake shape mud of low-water-content by press filtration; Mechanical dehydration is carried out in plate-and-frame filter press, first carry out the press filtration stage, press filtration pressure is 1.0-1.2Mpa, time of filter pressing is 1.5-2 hour, through the moisture percentage in sewage sludge 65%-70% in press filtration stage, then enter into the press dewatering stage, squeeze pressure is 1.5Mpa, the squeezing time is 1 hour, and after process, moisture percentage in sewage sludge is about 60%-65%;
3) bulk mud cake shape mud carries out fragmentation in shredder assembly, forms little mud granule; Mud granule size is generally at about 20mm;
4) delivered in sludge drying mechanism by the mud granule after fragmentation and carry out drying, by lyophilize Power Cycle by condenser heat rejection, transfer heat to air, warm air enters sludge drying mechanism and carries out drying to mud granule; Sludge drying mechanism is Multi-layer panel-turnover, and time of drying is 2 hours, drying temperature 50-60 DEG C, and after super-dry, the water ratio of mud is 10%-30%, and now the first vaporizer provides cold to mud freezing container;
Above-mentioned steps is only the interim step of sludge treatment, and mud also can carry out burning disposal after drying, and carries out waste heat recovery, and waste heat is used for thawing of freezing mud in mud freezing container.It should be noted that in Fig. 3 the treatment step and method that include and more complete, perfect Power Cycle (waste heat of burning is used for thawing of mud), burning disposal is carried out to dried mud and recycles burning the waste heat occurred.
Specific works principle is as follows:
Mud enters into mud freezing container, first under the second vaporizer effect, refrigeration working medium enters in the second vaporizer, working medium is absorbed heat to mud, the freezing temp of mud is made to reach regulation stable, sewage-10 DEG C ~-15 DEG C, freezing time 72 is little at present through repeatedly freezing, destroy the bonding force of mud and water and destroy the structure of colloid, elimination of colloid stability is condensed and membranolysis, the rapid sedimentation of mud granule, dewatering significantly improves, and dewatering speed is front higher tens times than freezing, freezing end.Now, working medium reversing valve flows to working medium and commutates, and by working medium flow-reversal in another mud freezing container, passes into the air with certain temperature and thaw in now freezing mud freezing container, air themperature is between 20-40 DEG C, and thawing time is 6 hours.
Fluid pipeline is passed through after mud thaws, enter rotor pump, enter board and frame machine (plate-and-frame filter press) and start press filtration in the pressure that adds of rotor pump and carry out mechanical dehydration, after press filtration after a while, pull open sheet frame, the mud of mud cake shape drops in device for transporting objects, crusher is transported to through device for transporting objects, crusher carries out fragmentation to mud cake, form little mud granule, mud granule size remains on about 20mm, short grained mud is become to improve the specific surface area of mud, be beneficial to the contact area increasing mud and high temperature air in drying, improve drying rate and effect.
Little mud granule enters into the upper strata turnover panel in drying machine, drops from level to level from top to down, and in the process dropped, mud can constantly overturn, and each surface is all fully contacted with air.Dry air contacts with mud from bottom to top, the moisture of absorption of air mud becomes the very high wet air of humidity and drop to below dew point after the first vaporizer, separate out moisture, the moisture of separating out is discharged through water accumulating disc, heated after air continues through condenser, enter in loft drier and drying is carried out to mud.Mud is left loft drier by after heat drying after basecoat turnover panel.
In order to lignin-sludge better, after above interim process, mud is transported to incinerator by device for transporting objects after leaving loft drier, regulate the First air entering combustion chamber, under refiner effect, make it be in fluidized bed combustion state, because the medium in fluidized-bed is in suspended state, gas-solid fully can mix contact, the temperature of whole stove combustion section is comparatively even, and the waste gas about 850 DEG C of discharges produced after burning enter into waste heat boiler.Meanwhile, the thermal oil in waste heat boiler is heated to 250 DEG C by 220 DEG C, is heated by the second interchanger by the thermal oil after heating to air, and the air after heating enters into dehumidification system and thawing apparatus to drying sludge and heat supply of thawing.Gas-cleaning installation is made up of with particle collection two parts removing of sour gas, gas sweetening can adopt semidrying, in flue gas, spray into certain calcium oxide, make it to react with the acidic substance in flue gas, and reach spray-dired reaction process by spraying plant control moisture.Depickling reactant is essentially solid state, there will not be discharge of wastewater.In flue gas, particle collection can be realized in conjunction with cyclonic separator or cloth bag by filtering net, sprays into a certain amount of activated carbon grain powder before, objectionable impurities such as absorption heavy metal in flue gas and Dioxins etc.Can discharge air through purified gas, environmental pollution is few.
Below only just preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, but can not be interpreted as it is limitations on claims.The present invention is not only confined to above embodiment, and its concrete structure allows to change.In a word, all various changes done in the protection domain of independent claim of the present invention are all in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a sewage sludge treatment method, based on sludge treatment equipment, described sludge treatment equipment comprises mud freezing container (4), sludge drying mechanism (3) and lyophilize Power Cycle, described lyophilize Power Cycle comprises compressor (5), first vaporizer (6), condenser (7) and the second vaporizer (8) be arranged in mud freezing container (4), the outlet side of compressor (5) is connected with condenser (7), condenser (7) is connected with the first vaporizer (6) through throttling element (9), first vaporizer (6) is connected through the inlet end of the second vaporizer (8) with compressor (5), described condenser (7) is connected with sludge drying mechanism (3) bottom by gas pipeline (10), first vaporizer (6) is connected with sludge drying mechanism (3) top by gas pipeline (10), and the condenser (7) is simultaneously connected by gas pipeline (10) with the first vaporizer (6),
Described sewage sludge treatment method comprises the following steps:
1) mud in mud freezing container is carried out lasting freezing by lyophilize Power Cycle, continue freezing rear mud to be thawed, repeated multiple times freeze-thaw like this;
2) in filter-pressing device, the mud after terminating through freeze-thaw process is dewatered, point press filtration stage and press dewatering stage, make mud be become the bulk mud cake shape mud of low-water-content by press filtration;
3) bulk mud cake shape mud carries out fragmentation in shredder assembly, forms little mud granule;
4) delivered in sludge drying mechanism by the mud granule after fragmentation and carry out drying, by lyophilize Power Cycle by condenser heat rejection, transfer heat to air, warm air enters sludge drying mechanism and carries out drying to mud granule.
2. sewage sludge treatment method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described mud freezing container (4) is for multiple, second vaporizer (8) and mud freezing container (4) one_to_one corresponding, the two ends of the second vaporizer (8) in multiple mud freezing container (4) are connected with the first vaporizer (6) and compressor (5) respectively by working medium reversing valve (11), the bottom of mud freezing container (4) is provided with filtration (12), the bottom of multiple mud freezing container (4) is passed through liquid reversing valve (13) and is communicated with filter-pressing device (1) through fluid pipeline (14), mud after thawing is pumped into filter-pressing device (1) from mud freezing container (4) by rotor pump (15).
3. sewage sludge treatment method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described sludge drying mechanism (3) comprises loft drier (3.1) and mud panel turnover mechanism (3.2), described mud panel turnover mechanism, on the vertical height of difference of horizontal arrangement in loft drier (3.1), described mud panel turnover mechanism (3.2) is staggered, and a mud panel turnover mechanism (3.2) of bottommost layer stretches out loft drier (3.1) outward.
4. sewage sludge treatment method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described filter-pressing device (1) is plate-and-frame filter press, plate-and-frame filter press comprises multiple sheet frame (1.1), drawing-plate mechanism is provided with in sheet frame (1.1) below, described drawing-plate mechanism comprises polylith guiding piece (1.2) and slide plate (1.3), articulated linkage (1.4) is provided with between adjacent two pieces of guiding pieces (1.2), and roller (1.5) is equipped with under every block guiding piece (1.2), described polylith guiding piece (1.2) is placed on slide plate (1.3), and can roll with slide plate (1.3) be connected by roller (1.5).
5. sewage sludge treatment method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: in plate-and-frame filter press, carry out mechanical dehydration, first carry out the press filtration stage, press filtration pressure is 1.0-1.2Mpa, and time of filter pressing is 1.5-2 hour, through the moisture percentage in sewage sludge 65%-70% in press filtration stage, enter into the press dewatering stage again, squeeze pressure is 1.5Mpa, and the squeezing time is 1 hour, and after process, moisture percentage in sewage sludge is 60%-65%.
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CN105060679A (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2015-11-18 | 轻工业环境保护研究所 | Sludge thawing and conditioning system |
CN105712607B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2019-04-16 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of the spraying granule vacuum freeze-drying apparatus and method of sludge |
CN110183087A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-30 | 武汉美丽东方污泥治理科技有限公司 | A kind of method of sludge Frozen-thawed cycled conditioning and deep dehydration |
CN112028434A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-12-04 | 中电建水环境科技有限公司 | Plate-frame type sludge freeze-thawing deep dehydration method |
CN112159075A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-01 | 苏州市相城环保技术有限公司 | Sludge freeze dehydration device and sludge dehydration method |
CN112794617A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-14 | 陈傲然 | Intelligent drying equipment with motor input end penetrating through box body |
CN115057606A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-16 | 刘艳菊 | Sludge dewatering method |
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CN102815848A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2012-12-12 | 江苏江达生态科技有限公司 | Surplus sludge high-efficiency drying technique |
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CN102758090A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-31 | 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 | Treatment method for electroplating sludge |
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