CN104092024A - Direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array - Google Patents
Direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array Download PDFInfo
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- CN104092024A CN104092024A CN201410264704.XA CN201410264704A CN104092024A CN 104092024 A CN104092024 A CN 104092024A CN 201410264704 A CN201410264704 A CN 201410264704A CN 104092024 A CN104092024 A CN 104092024A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a direction backtracking system based on a corner reflector antenna array, and belongs to the technical field of radar and communication engineering. The direction backtracking system is composed of at least two plane antennal array plates which are perpendicular to each other, the distance between the plane antenna array plates accords with a far field relation, and each plane antenna array plate is composed of a plane radiation unit, a receiving and sending radio frequency channel and a digital frequency storage device. According to the direction backtracking system, direction backtracking of radio frequency signals is achieved by mirror reflection of multiple plane antenna arrays, and in the process of achieving direction backtracking, the signal incidence direction does not need to be measured or estimated; power control and delay modulation of backward signals are achieved by the active features of the plane antenna arrays and the function of the digital frequency storage device. The direction backtracking system is suitable for returning of common signals in a radar system and a positioning system without conducting direction estimation on information sources, and particularly suitable for suppressing and deception jamming in the electronic countermeasure field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to communication, radar engineering technical field, particularly a kind of direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array.
Background technology
Direction is recalled and is referred to the electromagnetic signal receiving by former back reflected.The implementation of direction backtracking system is divided into two kinds of active mode and passive modes.Passive direction backtracking system is as radar reflector conventional in radar engineering (claiming again corner reflector), active orientation backtracking system is realized by the mode of aerial array conventionally, mainly contains at present two kinds of implementations of VanAtta battle array and phase conjugation battle array (PON battle array).VanAtta battle array by multiple and the centrosymmetric antenna element of array geometry to forming, every pair of identical electrical length transmission line connection for antenna element.Phase conjugation battle array realizes based on frequency mixing technique.Radiofrequency signal is carried out mixing with the local oscillator with twice carrier frequency, the lower sideband part of the number of winning the confidence after mixing or must have same carrier with former radiofrequency signal, but the radiofrequency signal of phase conjugation.
In passive radar reflector, the metal electric wall of radar reflector carries out mirror-reflection to radio frequency, and radiofrequency signal, after three times (or twice) reflection, is returned along incident direction.Metal electric wall also can adopt active aerial array to realize to the reflection characteristic of radiofrequency signal, after active antenna array received RF signal, go out by primary antenna unit forwards, the sensing of forward signal and incident direction become mirror-reflection relation taking the normal direction of aerial array as symmetry axis again.Radiofrequency signal is undertaken, after three times (or twice) reflection, returning along incident direction by aerial array.
Numeral frequency memory technique (Digital Radio Frequency Memory, DRFM) is current a kind of technology in the extensive use of electronic countermeasures field.Numeral frequency memory device is stored by the radiofrequency signal of simulation is converted to digital signal, and on demand to signal modulate, time delay.Change analog signal into by digital to analog converter again, and carry out frequency up-conversion operation and revert to radiofrequency signal.Numeral frequency memory device can be used as the signal source of carrying out the interference of deception formula in electronic countermeasures.
But passive radar transmitter echo power is low, a reflected energy, can not regulate the transmitting power of radio-frequency (RF) energy; Active VanAtta battle array etc. the feeding network design of electrical length more complicated; The multiple-frequency signal that active phase conjugation battle array is arrived simultaneously and the impact of broadband signal are larger.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array.This system realizes the mirror-reflection of radiofrequency signal in the mode of aerial array, complete the direction of radiofrequency signal is recalled by designing the position of multiple aerial arrays, realizing in the process that direction recalls, do not need signal incident direction measure or estimate, and be controlled direction backtracking system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array, formed by least two blocks of orthogonal planar array antenna strakes, and the distance between planar array antenna strake meets far field relation.
Described planar array antenna strake is made up of planar radiation unit, radio-frequency channel and digital frequency memory device, and the each antenna element on described planar array antenna strake is all connected with radio-frequency channel, and the other end of described radio-frequency channel is connected with digital frequency memory device.
Described each radio-frequency channel is divided into receiving unit and radiating portion, and the receiving unit composition of radio-frequency channel comprises duplexer, low noise amplifier, receiving terminal radio frequency band filter, low-converter, if bandpas filter; The radiating portion of radio-frequency channel comprises if bandpas filter, upconverter, radio frequency band filter, power amplifier, duplexer.
Described digital frequency memory device comprises analog to digital converter, CPLD, memory, digital to analog converter, power supply and clock unit; Wherein, analog to digital converter is converted to digital signal by the radiofrequency signal of simulation and imports CPLD into, is converted to analog signal transmission goes out through the processing of CPLD through digital to analog converter; Digital signal in memory stores CPLD; Clock unit provides stable pulse for CPLD; Power supply is whole digital frequency memory device power supply.
Described planar array antenna strake has three; Or planar array antenna strake has two.
Described planar array antenna strake is rectangle or circle.
The invention provides a kind of direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array, this system can reflect back one or more radiofrequency signals of incident along incident direction, and utilize digital frequency memory technique, can modulate the radiofrequency signal receiving, the operation such as when fixed response time.
With respect to current existing passive radar reflector system and VanAtta battle array, these two kinds active direction backtracking systems of phase conjugation battle array, the present invention has the following advantages:
1) relatively passive radar transmitter, the present invention can process radiofrequency signal, and the forwarding time of signal is controlled; The present invention has higher echo power, and can modulate radio-frequency echo wave; A passive radar transmitter reflected energy, and the present invention can design the transmitting power of radio-frequency (RF) energy as required; Signal and the original signal of passive radar reflector transmitting are same signal, and the present invention can process echo-signal, and this characteristic is particularly useful in Radar ECM engineering field.
2) with respect to VanAtta battle array, the present invention do not need design complicated etc. the feeding network of electrical length; Because the receive-transmit system of each antenna element is subsystem independently, be more conducive to modular design, and VanAtta battle array do not possess ability of radiofrequency signal being modulated to processing of the present invention.
3) with respect to phase conjugation battle array, the multiple-frequency signal that the present invention is not arrived simultaneously, the impact of broadband signal; Without the accurate estimation to CF signal, and there is the ability that multiple radiofrequency signals are recalled simultaneously; In the time of broadband signal or multiple-frequency signal arrival, phase conjugation battle array loses direction and recalls ability, and it is only relevant with the bandwidth of antenna element that direction of the present invention is recalled ability, and all signals in the beamwidth of antenna all can complete direction and recall.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of midplane antenna array strake of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the radio-frequency channel of midplane antenna array strake of the present invention and the structured flowchart of digital frequency memory device.
Fig. 4 is that in radiofrequency signal incident of the present invention and reflection process, equiphase surface is related to schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Embodiment
Specifically describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein, accompanying drawing forms the application's part, and together with embodiments of the present invention for explaining principle of the present invention.
Embodiment mono-
A kind of direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array as shown in Figure 1, formed by the planar array antenna strake 1, the planar array antenna strake 2 of XOZ plane and the planar array antenna strake 3 of YOZ plane that are positioned at XOY plane, three blocks of planar array antenna strakes are mutually vertical, and the distance between every two blocks of planar array antenna strakes meets far field condition, and electromagnetic wave meets relation apart from the distance of radiation source:
(
the aperture of representative antennas,
represent electromagnetic wavelength).The radiating surface of three blocks of planar array antenna strakes forms corner reflection structure.The working method of the antenna element on every block of planar array antenna strake is duplex, and the signal that antenna element receives goes out by this unit forwards after time delay or storage again.The shape of planar array antenna strake can be rectangle, circle or other any type of planes.
In this system, the structure of every block of planar array antenna strake comprises planar radiation unit 4, radio-frequency channel 5 and digital frequency memory device 6, as shown in Figure 2.The structure of radio-frequency channel 5 and digital frequency memory device 6 and annexation are as shown in Figure 3.Each radio-frequency channel 5 can be divided into again receiving unit and radiating portion, and wherein receiving unit comprises duplexer 7, low noise amplifier (LNA) 8, receiving terminal radio frequency band filter (BPF) 9, low-converter 10, receives if bandpas filter (BPF) 12; Radiating portion comprises emission medium-frequency band pass filter (BPF) 12, upconverter 10, transmitting radio frequency band filter (BPF) 8, power amplifier (PA) 13, duplexer 7.Duplexer 7 is that reception and radiating portion share, and local oscillator 11 is derived reference signals of upconverter or low-converter 10.The structure of numeral frequency memory device 6 comprises analog to digital converter (ADC) 14, digital to analog converter (DAC) 15, CPLD (CPLD) 16, power supply 17, memory 18 and clock unit 19.
Its course of work is: when radiofrequency signal incides from far field planar array antenna strake 1, the forwarding of reception, the storage of digital frequency memory device 6 and the reflecting part of radio-frequency channel 5 of the receiving unit by the radio-frequency channel 5 in 1, wherein, in radio-frequency channel 5, signal is exaggerated, and radiofrequency signal penetrates along the direction that becomes mirror-reflection relation with this planar antenna array normal direction; The signal penetrating arrives the planar array antenna strake 2 vertical with planar array antenna strake 1, the storing again and the forwarding of the reflecting part of radio-frequency channel 2 of the reception of the receiving unit by the radio-frequency channel 5 in 2, digital frequency memory device 6; Radiofrequency signal arrives and planar array antenna strake 1 and 2 vertical planar array antenna strakes 3 all, finally, the forwarding of reception, the storage of digital frequency memory device 6 and the reflecting part of radio-frequency channel 5 of the receiving unit by radio-frequency channel 5 in 3, radiofrequency signal is returned along incident direction, thereby the orientation that has realized radiofrequency signal is recalled.The process of radiofrequency signal reflection as shown by the arrows in Figure 1.
If the radiofrequency signal carrier frequency of a certain X-band airborne radar transmitting is 10GHz, the angle of pitch and the azimuth of transmit direction are respectively
with
.Selected origin of coordinates O, is placed on respectively coordinate for (5,5,0) by the center of three blocks of planar array antenna strakes, on the point of (5,0,5) and (0,5,5), and makes the radiating surface of three blocks of planar array antenna strakes mutually vertical, and wherein the unit of coordinate is rice.Element number of array on every block of planar array antenna strake is 25(5 × 5), the array element distance in directions X and Y-direction is half-wavelength (1.5cm).
Polar coordinates are converted to rectangular coordinate, obtain the unit vector of incident direction under rectangular coordinate system:
Incoming signal equiphase surface 20 as shown in Figure 4 and the relation of reflected signal equiphase surface 21, radiofrequency signal is after planar array antenna strake 1 reflection in XOY plane, and the incident direction of signal is changed into:
If now, through after mirror-reflection for the first time, radiofrequency signal incides on the planar array antenna strake 2 in XOZ plane, again passes through mirror-reflection, the incident direction of signal becomes:
For meeting minute surface relation, now signal will incide on the planar array antenna strake 3 in YOZ plane, and after mirror-reflection, the exit direction of signal becomes for the third time:
The unit vector of exit direction is converted under polar coordinates, obtains after corner reflector antenna array direction backtracking system, the angle of pitch and the azimuth of the exit direction of signal are respectively
with
.Compared with the incident direction of signal, outgoing signal returns along the direction of incoming signal.
In the present embodiment, establishing signal is respectively through the time delay of three blocks of planar array antenna strakes
, total time delay of this system:
Utilize
(
represent the light velocity), obtain the distance value that electronic countermeasures middle distance is cheated, therefore can utilize total time delay
value is set the distance value of electronic countermeasures middle distance deception.
Embodiment bis-
A direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array, as shown in Figure 5, is made up of two blocks of orthogonal planar array strakes 1 and 2, and the distance between two blocks of planar array antenna strakes meets far field condition
(
the aperture of representative antennas,
represent electromagnetic wavelength), the radiating surface of two blocks of planar array antenna strakes forms corner reflection structure, and plane of incidence 22 is as shown in Figure 5.In this system, the structure of the structure of every block of planar array antenna strake, radio-frequency channel 5 and digital frequency memory device 6 and annexation are with embodiment mono-.Radiofrequency signal realizes the process recalled in orientation as shown by the arrows in Figure 5.The working method of the antenna element on every block of planar array antenna strake is duplex, and the signal that antenna element receives goes out by this unit forwards after time delay or storage again.Wherein, the shape of planar array antenna strake can be rectangle, circle or other any type of planes.
This improvement project is applied to satellite, civil aviaton etc. and has fixing track or course line, and in the system that need to carry out recalling in orientation.Modulate the position of orthogonal antenna array strake, make it vertical with the plane at fixing track or place, course line, the direction that only needs two secondary reflections just can complete radiofrequency signal is recalled.
Embodiment tri-
A kind of direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array, formed by least two blocks of planar array antenna strakes, every two blocks of planar array antenna strakes are mutually vertical, and distance between every two blocks of planar array antenna strakes meets far field condition, and electromagnetic wave meets relation apart from the distance of radiation source:
(
the aperture of representative antennas,
represent electromagnetic wavelength), the radiating surface of planar array antenna strake forms corner reflection structure.The working method of the antenna element on every block of planar array antenna strake is duplex, and the signal that antenna element receives goes out by this unit forwards after time delay or storage again.
In this system, the structure of a certain or certain two blocks of planar array antenna strake comprises planar radiation unit 4, radio-frequency channel 5 and phase shifter, and one end of radio-frequency channel 5 is connected with planar radiation unit 4, and the other end is connected with phase shifter.Other structures and the course of work are with embodiment mono-.
In the present embodiment, phase shifter can be the device that delay line or other have delayed action.
This improvement project still retention figures frequency memory device, for the ability such as modulation, time delay of signal, but has reduced the use number of digital frequency memory device, can reduce the cost of system.
Embodiment tetra-
A kind of direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array, formed by least two blocks of planar array antenna strakes, every two blocks of planar array antenna strakes are mutually vertical, and distance between every two blocks of planar array antenna strakes meets far field condition, and electromagnetic wave meets relation apart from the distance of radiation source:
(
the aperture of representative antennas,
represent electromagnetic wavelength), the radiating surface of planar array antenna strake forms corner reflection structure.The working method of the antenna element on every block of planar array antenna strake is duplex, and the signal that antenna element receives goes out by this unit forwards after time delay or storage again.
In this system, the structure of every block of planar array antenna strake comprises planar radiation unit 4, radio-frequency channel 5 and digital frequency memory device 6, and one end of radio-frequency channel 5 is connected with planar radiation unit 4, and the other end is connected with digital frequency memory device 5.
In radio-frequency channel 5, the gain of the low noise amplifier 8 of receiving unit and the power amplifier 13 of radiating portion is variable.Other structures and the course of work are with embodiment mono-.
This scheme is equivalent to the amplitude of radiofrequency signal to be weighted, and can reduce sidelobe level by weights reasonable in design, reduces and disturbs.
Above embodiment is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned execution mode.Above embodiment provides basic function of the present invention to describe to those skilled in the art, and makes its easy to understand and application the present invention.For those skilled in the art, the present embodiment is transplanted to make it carry out various changes be apparent, without performing creative labour.Therefore, right of the present invention does not limit the scheme described in above embodiment, and consistent with described in claims.
Claims (8)
1. the direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array, is characterized in that being made up of at least two blocks of orthogonal planar array antenna strakes, and the distance between planar array antenna strake meets far field relation.
2. the direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described planar array antenna strake is made up of planar radiation unit, radio-frequency channel and digital frequency memory device, each planar radiation unit on described planar array antenna strake is all connected with radio-frequency channel, and the other end of described radio-frequency channel is connected with digital frequency memory device.
3. the direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described each radio-frequency channel is divided into receiving unit and radiating portion, and radio-frequency channel receiving unit comprises: duplexer, low noise amplifier, receiving terminal radio frequency band filter, low-converter, if bandpas filter; The radiating portion of radio-frequency channel comprises: if bandpas filter, upconverter, radio frequency band filter, power amplifier, duplexer.
4. the direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described digital frequency memory device comprises analog to digital converter, CPLD, memory, digital to analog converter, power supply and clock unit; Wherein, analog to digital converter is converted to digital signal by the radiofrequency signal of simulation and imports CPLD into, is converted to analog signal transmission goes out through the processing of CPLD through digital to analog converter; Digital signal in memory stores CPLD; Clock unit provides stable pulse for CPLD; Power supply is whole digital frequency memory device power supply.
5. the direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described planar array antenna strake has three.
6. the direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described planar array antenna strake has two.
7. the direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described planar array antenna strake is rectangle.
8. the direction backtracking system based on corner reflector antenna array according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described planar array antenna strake is for circular.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107851206A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2018-03-27 | 维普公司 | Power optimization |
| CN111430932A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-17 | 南京理工大学 | Polarization torsion active angle reflection direction backtracking system |
| CN113030879A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-25 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Low-profile plane retroreflector with echo amplitude control function |
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| CN103001005A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-03-27 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Device and mobile terminal for lowering specific absorption rate of electromagnetic radiation |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107851206A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2018-03-27 | 维普公司 | Power optimization |
| CN111430932A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-17 | 南京理工大学 | Polarization torsion active angle reflection direction backtracking system |
| CN111430932B (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2021-09-03 | 南京理工大学 | Polarization torsion active angle reflection direction backtracking system |
| CN113030879A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-25 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Low-profile plane retroreflector with echo amplitude control function |
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