CN104091999B - E face cross power splitter - Google Patents
E face cross power splitter Download PDFInfo
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- CN104091999B CN104091999B CN201310110614.0A CN201310110614A CN104091999B CN 104091999 B CN104091999 B CN 104091999B CN 201310110614 A CN201310110614 A CN 201310110614A CN 104091999 B CN104091999 B CN 104091999B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of E face cross power splitter, including coupled cavity, the input connected with coupled cavity, output terminals A, outfan B and mating end. This device can be that bilateral symmetry, input, output terminals A, outfan B and the mating end normal direction in coupled cavity connecting place interface center angle all and between coupled cavity upper surface is both less than or equal to 30 degree. Wherein the width of input is more than its height, mating end<b>, output terminals A, outfan B</b>height more than its width. The half of the free space wavelength that coupled cavity full-size in a direction on coupled cavity upper surface is corresponding less than the maximum operating frequency of this E face cross power splitter. The present invention has that simple and compact for structure, broadband, processing and debugging cost be low, isolation is good between outfan, width phase precision high between outfan, may be constructed multi-path power divider, combiner, comparator etc., be widely used in military affairs and the civil areas such as radar, missile guidance, communication.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power splitter, specifically, relate to a kind of amplitude and the good Compact type broadband waveguide power divider of phase equalization.
Background technology
Power splitter is the general original paper of one in modern microwave communication and Military Electronics system. Waveguide power divider, due to features such as its power capacity are high, insertion loss is low, is applied very extensive. Two road waveguide power dividers both can be used alone, it is also possible to constitutes multichannel power division network by concatenating, for fields such as phased-array radar, antenna array and power combing. Existing two road waveguide power dividers mainly include E MianTXing branch, H MianTXing branch, waveguide magic T, H face kinds of Slot Coupled Waveguide Hybrids, E face wave guide ring electric bridge (RingHybrid or Rat-RaceHybrid) and H face wave guide ring electric bridge etc. Wherein first two device due between two outfans isolation low, the mismatch of any one output port all can have a strong impact on power distribution amplitude and phase accuracy. There is good isolation between the output port of waveguide magic T, and the phase place between two output ports is identical, but the axis direction of its four waveguide port is respectively directed to three mutually perpendicular directions, constitute complicated 3-D solid structure. Therefore waveguide magic T difficult processing, cost is high, and device is all relatively larger in length, width and height three, is unfavorable for the miniaturization of device, is more not suitable as unit concatenation and constitutes multichannel power division network. In the axis of the input and output waveguide of E-face kinds of Slot Coupled Waveguide Hybrids is generally aligned in the same plane, thus can concatenate and constitute the multichannel power division network that all waveguide axis are generally aligned in the same plane. This power division network can be divided into base and cover plate, processes with being utilized respectively traditional digital control milling technology disposable and convenient, and machining accuracy is greatly improved, and processing cost is substantially reduced. But, between two output ports of existing E-face kinds of Slot Coupled Waveguide Hybrids, there is intrinsic 90 degree phase contrast. When requiring same phase to export, it is necessary to carry out broadband compensation between the phase place to power splitter output ports at different levels.Particularly when multichannel power division network Miniaturization Design, phase compensating circuit can make device volume and design difficulty be greatly improved. Meanwhile, the bandwidth of operation of E-face kinds of Slot Coupled Waveguide Hybrids is narrow. E face wave guide ring electric bridge (RingHybrid or Rat-RaceHybrid) and H face wave guide ring electric bridge are also due to volume is relatively larger, bandwidth of operation is narrow, its purposes is restricted, and particularly when multichannel power division network Miniaturization Design, wave guide ring electric bridge is rarely used.
In guidance system; above-mentioned waveguide magic T; E face kinds of Slot Coupled Waveguide Hybrids, E face wave guide ring electric bridge (RingHybrid or Rat-RaceHybrid) and H face wave guide ring electric bridge etc. are often also come separately as combiner, or the combiner network constituting function more complicated as components and parts uses. In this case, the weakness of these devices is still obvious.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of amplitude and phase equalization is good, bandwidth of operation can reach the Compact type broadband waveguide power divider of more than 20%.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: E face cross power splitter, including coupled cavity, the input connected with coupled cavity, output terminals A, outfan B and mating end; Mating end is away from one end matching connection load of coupled cavity; Output terminals A is positioned at coupled cavity left side, and outfan B is positioned at coupled cavity right side, and mating end is positioned at the front end face of coupled cavity, and input is positioned at the rear end face of coupled cavity,Described front end face is paper top when vertically placing, and described rear end face is paper lower section when vertically placing;Front end face and two relative planes that rear end face is coupled cavity, left side and two relative planes that right side is coupled cavity, output terminals A, outfan B lay respectively at the both sides of mating end.
Input or and output terminals A or and outfan B or and mating end angle between interface normal direction and the coupled cavity upper surface at its center of coupled cavity connecting place be both less than or equal to 30 degree.
Angle between the normal direction of the normal direction of the interface center of described mating end and coupled cavity connecting place and output terminals A and coupled cavity connecting place interface center more than 60 degree less than 120 degree; Angle between the normal direction of the normal direction of the interface center of described mating end and coupled cavity connecting place and outfan B and coupled cavity connecting place interface center more than 60 degree less than 120 degree.
Described output terminals A is positioned at coupled cavity left side, outfan B is positioned at coupled cavity right side, and mating end is positioned at the front end face of coupled cavity, and input is positioned at the rear end face of coupled cavity, described front end face is paper top when vertically placing, and described rear end face is paper lower section when vertically placing; Front end face and two relative planes that rear end face is coupled cavity, left side and two relative planes that right side is coupled cavity, output terminals A, outfan B lay respectively at the both sides of mating end.
Described coupled cavity is simply connected cavity structure, and namely any closed curve within this coupled cavity can converge on a point continuously in this coupled cavity. Simply connected cavity structure and simply connected region, simply connected region is one of basic conception of mathematics. Letting d be plane domain, if the part that in D, arbitrary closed curve is enclosed broadly falls into D, then claiming D is plane simply connected region.
For point power splitter situations such as two road power, the structure that described coupled cavity, input, output terminals A, outfan B and mating end are constituted is left and right specular shape, and output terminals A and outfan B are relevant to mating end and symmetrically arrange.
The amplitude of the horizontal component of the electric field of the center of the interface of described mating end and coupled cavity connecting place is more than the amplitude of its vertical component; The amplitude of the vertical component of the electric field of the center of the interface of input and coupled cavity connecting place is more than the amplitude of its horizontal component; The amplitude of the horizontal component of the electric field of the center of the interface of output terminals A and coupled cavity connecting place is more than the amplitude of its vertical component; The amplitude of the horizontal component of the electric field of the center of the interface of outfan B and coupled cavity connecting place is more than the amplitude of its vertical component.
Angle between the normal direction of the normal direction of the interface center of described mating end and coupled cavity connecting place and output terminals A and coupled cavity connecting place interface center is equal to 90 degree; Angle between the normal direction of the normal direction of the interface center of described mating end and coupled cavity connecting place and outfan B and coupled cavity connecting place interface center is equal to 90 degree.
Described input is outside equipped with at least one metal column only contacting bottom it or top being positioned at coupled cavity with coupled cavity connecting place.
Described coupled cavity, input, output terminals A, outfan B, mating end upper surface flush.
The half of the free space wavelength that described coupled cavity full-size in a direction on coupled cavity upper surface is corresponding less than or equal to the maximum operating frequency of this E face cross power splitter.
Described input, output terminals A, outfan B are provided with port width respectively away from one end of coupled cavity and vary more than than corresponding each port width or transmission line equal to 10%, and this transmission line be sky waveguide or ridge waveguide or coaxial line.
Input is rectangular waveguide or ridge waveguide; Output terminals A, outfan B, mating end are rectangular waveguide; Coupled cavity is cuboid.
Coupled cavity upper surface and horizontal plane are in the plane overlooking the coupled cavity that direction is seen.
Above-mentioned E face cross power splitter generally speaking, including coupled cavity, the input connected with coupled cavity, output terminals A, outfan B and mating end. The outer matching connection load of mating end, matched load is coupled to all microwave energys of mating end in order to absorb from coupled cavity. With existing waveguide magic T has a port vertical with its excess-three port compared with, the maximum feature of this invention is the angle between input, output terminals A, outfan B and the mating end normal direction in the center of the interface of coupled cavity connecting place and coupled cavity upper surface can be zero degree, the planar structure so that this invention is as the criterion, enormously simplify the structure of device, and simplify processing and the assembling process of device. Compared with the size of the coupled cavity of the correspondence in the wave guide ring electric bridge of existing E face, the half of the free space wavelength that coupled cavity full-size in a direction on coupled cavity upper surface is corresponding less than the maximum operating frequency of this E face cross power splitter.
Compared with the asymmetric feature of existing E face and H face wave guide ring electric bridge, the structure that coupled cavity in the present invention, input, output terminals A, outfan B and mating end may be constructed is left and right specular shape. The intrinsic symmetry of this shape ensure that the power magnitude of two outfans and phase place are on all four in theory.
Compared with being loop configuration with the coupled cavity in existing E face and H face wave guide ring electric bridge, the coupled cavity in the present invention is simply connected cavity structure, and namely any closed curve within this coupled cavity can converge on a point continuously in this coupled cavity.It is exactly in coupled cavity, be absent from any other space specifically.
For on each port position arrangement in the horizontal plane, output terminals A and outfan B position in the horizontal plane are adjacent with mating end on the left side and the right respectively, and mating end and input are output end A or outfan B in the horizontal plane and separate.
The degree of depth of the interface of mating end, output terminals A and outfan B and coupled cavity connecting place is more than its width in the horizontal plane. The degree of depth of the interface of input and coupled cavity connecting place is less than its width in the horizontal plane. Thereby ensuring that the polarised direction of the electric field of mating end, output terminals A and outfan B is mainly horizontal polarization, namely the amplitude of the horizontal component of the electric field of the center of the interface of mating end, output terminals A and outfan B and coupled cavity connecting place is more than the amplitude of its vertical component. In turn ensure that the polarised direction of the electric field of input is mainly vertical polarization, namely the amplitude of the vertical component of the electric field of the center of the interface of input and coupled cavity connecting place is more than the amplitude of its horizontal component simultaneously. The degree of depth refers to the height of sensing lower surface, coupled cavity upper surface. Width refers to by the length of sensing right side, coupled cavity left side.
Angle between the normal direction of the normal direction of the interface center of mating end and coupled cavity connecting place and output terminals A and coupled cavity connecting place interface center is preferred with 90 degree, it is also possible to be set greater than 60 degree of angles less than 120 degree. Angle between the normal direction of the normal direction of mating end and coupled cavity connecting place interface center and outfan B and coupled cavity connecting place interface center is also preferred with 90 degree, it is also possible to be set greater than 60 degree of angles less than 120 degree.
In order to increase bandwidth of operation, input is outside equipped with at least one metal only contacting bottom it or top being positioned at coupled cavity with coupled cavity connecting place, and metal column is not extend into coupled cavity. Simultaneously, the width ratio corresponding each port width difference transmission line more than 10% it is respectively arranged with outside input, output terminals A, outfan B, described input, output terminals A, outfan B are provided with port width respectively away from one end of coupled cavity and vary more than than corresponding each port width or transmission line equal to 10%, and this transmission line be sky waveguide or ridge waveguide or coaxial line.
For the ease of this device being divided into base and cover plate, it is respectively adopted that Numerical-control Milling Machines is disposable to be machined, simplify processing, better ensure that machining accuracy, particularly when thus constituting multichannel power division network, coupled cavity in this E face cross power splitter, input, output terminals A, outfan B, mating end upper surface all flush.
The invention provides there is between a kind of broadband, outfan good isolation, waveguide power divider that amplitude-phase consistency is good. Base and cover plate can be divided into due to this power splitter, it is respectively adopted that Numerical-control Milling Machines is disposable to be machined, when concatenation constitutes multichannel power division network mutually, all circuit can be divided into base and cover plate, it is respectively adopted that Numerical-control Milling Machines is disposable to be machined, thus enormously simplify processing, better assure that machining accuracy simultaneously. With existing evil spirit T-phase ratio, this invention is as the criterion planar structure. Compared with existing E face or H face wave guide ring electric bridge, this invention can select symmetrical structure, ensure that the output terminals A of device, outfan B amplitude and phase place are completely the same in theory, and have broader bandwidth of operation simultaneously structure.This invention can also adopt left-right asymmetry structure, so that two road outputs are unequal. At this moment, owing to the proper phase difference of two outfans can be less than 90 degree, decile power splitter is uneasy than other two tunnels for its phase matched.
It is pointed out that this power splitter can use as combiner in the equal timesharing of constant amplitude. At this moment, signal is simultaneously entered described power splitter respectively by output terminals A and outfan B, and the difference signal of two signals is exported by mating end, and signal is then exported by input. Now the matched load at mating end place is replaced by difference signal passage.
The operation principle of the present invention can be summarized as follows: when microwave signal is entered into after in coupled cavity by input, and mating end is vertical with the polarised direction of input due to its polarised direction, and energy will do not had to export. Energy major part exports from output terminals A and outfan B. When microwave signal is entered into after in coupled cavity by output terminals A, portion of energy will export from input, and another part energy exports from mating end, and only small by the outfan B energy exported. Therefore, the isolation between output terminals A and outfan B is achieved well. By adjusting input, output terminals A, outfan B, mating end and the size of coupled cavity, shape and relative position, and regulate the size of the transmission line connecting each port simultaneously, the good isolation between the matched well of each port, outfan can be realized, ensure waveguide power divider width phase degree of accuracy in broad frequency range simultaneously.
It is an advantage of the current invention that: totally take volume little, output isolation effect is good, and output phase amplitude can reach equiphase output.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the top view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the result of calculation curve of embodiment 1.
Attached number in the figure correspondence title: 1-coupled cavity, 2-input, 3-output terminals A, 4-outfan B, 5-mating end, 6-metal column, 7-matched load, 8-transmission line.
Referring to Fig. 1, described front end face is paper top when vertically placing, and described rear end face is paper lower section when vertically placing. Upper surface is for being parallel to the outwardly directed direction of paper, and lower surface points to direction, inner side for being parallel to paper.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, 2, E face cross power splitter, including coupled cavity 1, the input 2 connected with coupled cavity 1, output terminals A 3, outfan B4 and mating end 5. The outer matching connection load 7 of mating end 5, matched load 7 is coupled to all microwave energys of mating end 5 in order to absorb from coupled cavity 1. Angle between input 2, output terminals A 3, outfan B4 and mating end 5 normal direction and coupled cavity 1 upper surface in the center of the interface of coupled cavity 1 connecting place can be zero degree or 30 degree or 15 degree, and angle angle in fig 1 and 2 is zero degree. Coupled cavity 1 full-size along the axis direction of input 2 in the horizontal plane is 3.5 millimeters, is only the 7/60(of free space wavelength corresponding for maximum operating frequency 10GHz of this E face cross power splitter less than 1/2).
The structure that coupled cavity 1, input 2, output terminals A 3, outfan B4 and mating end 5 are constituted is left and right specular shape.
Coupled cavity 1 is cuboid structure, is fairly simple simply connected cavity structure.
Output terminals A 3 is positioned at coupled cavity 1 left side, outfan B4 is positioned at coupled cavity 1 right side, mating end 5 is positioned at the front end face of coupled cavity 1, input 2 is positioned at the rear end face of coupled cavity 1, front end face and two relative planes that rear end face is coupled cavity 1, left side and two relative planes that right side is coupled cavity 1, output terminals A 3, outfan B4 lay respectively at the both sides of mating end 5.
The degree of depth of the interface of mating end 5, output terminals A 3 and outfan B4 and coupled cavity 1 connecting place is more than its width in the horizontal plane. The degree of depth of the interface of input 2 and coupled cavity 1 connecting place is less than its width in the horizontal plane. Thereby ensuring that the polarised direction of the electric field of mating end 5, output terminals A 3 and outfan B4 is mainly horizontal polarization, namely the amplitude of the horizontal component of the electric field of the center of the interface of mating end 5, output terminals A 3 and outfan B4 and coupled cavity 1 connecting place is more than the amplitude of its vertical component. In turn ensure that the polarised direction of the electric field of input 2 is mainly vertical polarization, namely the amplitude of the vertical component of the electric field of the center of the interface of input 2 and coupled cavity 1 connecting place is more than the amplitude of its horizontal component simultaneously.
Angle between the normal direction of the normal direction of the interface center of mating end 5 and coupled cavity 1 connecting place and output terminals A 3 and coupled cavity 1 connecting place interface center is 90 degree. Angle between the normal direction of the normal direction of mating end 5 and coupled cavity 1 connecting place interface center and outfan B4 and coupled cavity 1 connecting place interface center is also 90 degree.
Input 2 is positioned at coupled cavity 1 connecting place outside coupled cavity 1 and is all respectively provided with a metal column 6 only contacted with input 2 bottom it. Meanwhile, input 2, output terminals A 3, outfan B4 are respectively arranged with the transmission line 8 of the corresponding each port width wide more than 10% of width ratio in the one end away from coupled cavity,DefeatedEnter end 2 external ridge waveguides, output terminals A 3, the external waveguide of outfan B4.
Coupled cavity 1, input 2, output terminals A 3, outfan B4, mating end 5 upper surface all flush.
Fig. 3 is the simulation curve of this E face cross power splitter. In figure, S11 represents the reflection coefficient of input. S21 represents that input arrives the transmission coefficient of output terminals A. S31 represents the input transmission coefficient to outfan B. S22 represents the reflection coefficient of output terminals A. S33 represents the reflection coefficient of outfan B. S44 represents the reflection coefficient of mating end.S23 represents the isolating coefficient between output terminals A and outfan B.
As can be seen from Figure 3, from 7G to 10G more than within the scope of the relative bandwidth of 35%, the reflection coefficient of each port of this device is below-18.5dB, and the isolation between two outfans is more than 19dB, the output of output terminals A 3 is between-3dB and-3.2dB, and fluctuation is less than 0.2dB. Owing to device is bilateral symmetry, the amplitude of two outfans and phase place are all completely the same.
Above are only citing, give preferably one of implementation of the present invention. This invention can also adopt dissymmetrical structure, constitutes not decile power splitter. In actual production, coupled cavity 1 can be variously-shaped cavity, and inside can also arrange various metal bosses or groove.
The E face cross power splitter of the present invention have simple and compact for structure, the relative bandwidth of 35%, processing and debugging cost are low, isolation is good between outfan, width phase precision high between outfan. Particularly its directrix plane structure, both can be used alone, more may be constructed multi-path power divider, combiner, comparator etc. These devices can be divided into base and cover plate, is respectively adopted that Numerical-control Milling Machines is disposable to be machined, and ensure that the machining accuracy of device well. This device can be widely applied to military affairs and the civil areas such as radar, missile guidance, communication.
Claims (9)
1.E face cross power splitter, it is characterised in that include coupled cavity (1), the input (2) connected with coupled cavity (1), output terminals A (3), outfan B(4) and mating end (5);Mating end (5) is away from one end matching connection load (7) of coupled cavity (1); Output terminals A (3) is positioned at coupled cavity (1) left side, outfan B(4) it is positioned at coupled cavity (1) right side, mating end (5) is positioned at the front end face of coupled cavity (1), input (2) is positioned at the rear end face of coupled cavity (1), described front end face is paper top when vertically placing, and described rear end face is paper lower section when vertically placing; Front end face and two relative planes that rear end face is coupled cavity (1), left side and two relative planes that right side is coupled cavity (1), output terminals A (3), outfan B(4) lay respectively at the both sides of mating end (5); The amplitude of the horizontal component of the electric field of the center of the interface of described mating end (5) and coupled cavity (1) connecting place is more than the amplitude of its vertical component; The amplitude of the vertical component of the electric field of the center of the interface of input (2) and coupled cavity (1) connecting place is more than the amplitude of its horizontal component; The amplitude of the horizontal component of the electric field of the center of the interface of output terminals A (3) and coupled cavity (1) connecting place is more than the amplitude of its vertical component; Outfan B(4) with amplitude more than its vertical component of the amplitude of the horizontal component of the electric field of the center of the interface of coupled cavity (1) connecting place.
2. E face according to claim 1 cross power splitter, it is characterized in that, described input (2) or and output terminals A (3) or and outfan B(4) or and interface normal direction and coupled cavity (1) upper surface at its center of mating end (5) and coupled cavity (1) connecting place between angle be both less than or equal to 30 degree.
3. E face according to claim 1 cross power splitter, it is characterized in that, the angle between the normal direction of the normal direction of the interface center of described mating end (5) and coupled cavity (1) connecting place and output terminals A (3) and coupled cavity (1) connecting place interface center more than 60 degree less than 120 degree; The normal direction of the interface center of described mating end (5) and coupled cavity (1) connecting place and outfan B(4) and the normal direction of coupled cavity (1) connecting place interface center between angle more than 60 degree less than 120 degree.
4. E face according to claim 1 cross power splitter, it is characterised in that described coupled cavity (1) is simply connected cavity structure, any closed curve that namely this coupled cavity (1) is internal can converge on a point continuously in this coupled cavity (1).
5. E face according to claim 1 cross power splitter, it is characterized in that, coupled cavity (1), input (2), output terminals A (3), outfan B(4) and the structure that constitutes of mating end (5) be left and right specular shape, output terminals A (3) and outfan B(4) be relevant to mating end (5) and symmetrically arrange.
6. E face according to claim 1 cross power splitter, it is characterized in that, and coupled cavity (1) connecting place upper at described input (2) is positioned at coupled cavity (1) and is outside equipped with the metal column A(6 at least one contact input (2) bottom or top).
7. E face according to claim 1 cross power splitter, it is characterized in that, the half of the free space wavelength that described coupled cavity (1) full-size in a direction on coupled cavity (1) upper surface is corresponding less than or equal to the maximum operating frequency of this E face cross power splitter.
8. E face according to claim 1 cross power splitter, it is characterised in that described coupled cavity (1), input (2), output terminals A (3), outfan B(4), the upper surface flush of mating end (5).
9. the E face cross power splitter according to any one in claim 1-8, it is characterized in that, described input (2), output terminals A (3), outfan B(4) it is provided with port width in the one end away from coupled cavity (1) respectively and varies more than than corresponding each port width or transmission line (8) equal to 10%, and also this transmission line be sky waveguide or ridge waveguide or coaxial line; Input (2) is rectangular waveguide or ridge waveguide; Output terminals A (3), outfan B(4), mating end (5) be rectangular waveguide; Coupled cavity (1) is cuboid.
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| CN201310110614.0A CN104091999B (en) | 2013-04-01 | 2013-04-01 | E face cross power splitter |
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| CN201310110614.0A CN104091999B (en) | 2013-04-01 | 2013-04-01 | E face cross power splitter |
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| US6132646A (en) * | 1997-07-21 | 2000-10-17 | Miguel Albert Capote | Polmerizable fluxing agents and fluxing adhesive compositions therefrom |
| CN101950839A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-19 | 陕西黄河集团有限公司 | Coaxial-waveguide power divider/synthesizer capable of dividing arbitrary path |
| CN102683786A (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-09-19 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Power divider |
| CN102709664A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-10-03 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Novel compact waveguide magic T power divider |
| CN203134954U (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-08-14 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | E-plane cross-shaped power divider |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6132646A (en) * | 1997-07-21 | 2000-10-17 | Miguel Albert Capote | Polmerizable fluxing agents and fluxing adhesive compositions therefrom |
| CN101950839A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-19 | 陕西黄河集团有限公司 | Coaxial-waveguide power divider/synthesizer capable of dividing arbitrary path |
| CN102683786A (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-09-19 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Power divider |
| CN102709664A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-10-03 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Novel compact waveguide magic T power divider |
| CN203134954U (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-08-14 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | E-plane cross-shaped power divider |
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