CN104091338A - Method for testing crystalline density continuous distribution based on density gradient image processing method - Google Patents
Method for testing crystalline density continuous distribution based on density gradient image processing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing crystalline density continuous distribution based on a density gradient image processing method. The method comprises the steps that crystal samples are naturally settled and stabilized at different positions of a density gradient tube according to the density difference by using the density gradient tube, the densities of liquid at different heights are calibrated and corrected through standard density floaters, then a distribution image of sample particles in the density gradient tube is obtained based on the computer imaging technology, the obtained distribution image is converted into a gray level image through image processing software, the gray level image is converted into digital signals through value calculation, an image grey level distribution curve is obtained, a particle density distribution curve is obtained through relevant coordinate conversion and grey level correction, and therefore the density distribution condition of the different crystal samples is judged. According to the method, the density continuous distribution of crystals similar to energetic materials can be fast tested, quantitative characterization is carried out on the number of the samples under various density gradients, and the crystal particle density distribution is tested quantitatively.
Description
Technical field
Embodiments of the present invention relate to energetic material detection field, and more specifically, embodiments of the present invention relate to a kind of method based on density gradient image treating test crystalline density continuous distribution.
Background technology
Density is the important physical property index of solid particulate materials, and its value size depends on material composition and the inner constructional form of material, directly affects the usability of material.For energetic material, crystal grain density not only affects the detonation energy of explosive and propellant, but also closely related with their security performance.The research of high-performance weapons and ammunitions has proposed active demand for the high-acruracy survey of energetic material crystal grain density and Density Distribution.
Crystal grain density is an index with statistical significance, be in order to characterize solvents contain, the Important Parameters of the matter crystal internal defect such as micropore, crackle, dislocation.Matter crystal internal defect is very responsive on the impact of Explosive Shock Wave sensitivity, the crystal forming for the material of same composition, wherein solvent contains, hole, even the matter crystal internal defect such as lattice imperfection is more for crackle, density is also just lower, security performance is poorer, as HMX, RDX crystal grain density differ 0.001g/cm
3, shock sensitivity changes 10%～20%.Therefore, the particle density of Accurate Determining energetic material is significant to explosive crystal quality sign and security performance prediction.But, the crystal defect small part crystal lower compared with multi-density wherein often that blasting explosive secure performance is had the greatest impact, therefore average explosive crystal density is difficult to the security performance of accurate response explosive crystal, only has the distribution situation of grasping explosive density to provide reliable support for the development of high-performance weapons and ammunitions.
At present, the method for density of solid particles test mainly contains liquid specific gravity bottle method, gas density method, sedimentation floatation and density gradient method.Tintometry and gas density method can only obtain the average density of sample, and this method degree of accuracy is low and cannot describe the Density Distribution situation of particle; Sedimentation floatation is by testing sample sedimentation flotation repeatedly in the liquid of different densities, washing and filtering, dry constant weight, finally obtain the mass distribution of the sample under different densities, this method can be described the Density Distribution of sample to a certain extent, but test process is loaded down with trivial details, length consuming time, labour intensity is large, and source of error is many, is difficult to draw accurate, complete, a continuous density profile; Density gradient method is a kind of new method that can Fast Measurement explosive crystal density, but tester can only pass through the distribution of visual observations sample in density gradient column, is difficult to accurate quantitative analysis and characterizes the sample size under each density.At present, also do not set up both at home and abroad real particle density distribution quantitative measuring method, can't be as testing graininess accurate Drawing particle density continuous distribution curve.Study and a kind ofly can characterize the sample size under each density by fast quantification, the method that obtains continuous density distribution curve seems particularly urgent.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of accurately Fast Measurement energetic material crystalline density continuous distribution is provided, and the sample size under the each density of quantitatively characterizing, carries out particle density distribution quantitative test fast, obtains the method for density profile.
For solving above-mentioned technical matters, one embodiment of the present invention by the following technical solutions:
Based on a method for density gradient image treating test crystalline density continuous distribution, it comprises following steps:
A, preparation density weigh equally distributed density gradient column continuously and under presenting gently;
B, take crystal prototype to be measured, the upper surface that it is slowly added to the density gradient column of steps A, makes it naturally sink down into stable stopping in density gradient column and the position of its equal density;
C, drop into even density glass ball float spaced apart to the density gradient column of step B, treat that it sinks down into stable stopping in density gradient column and the position of its equal density naturally;
D, adopt computer vision technique to the collection of taking pictures of described density gradient column, obtain the visual pattern of whole surveyed area, then described visual pattern is converted into gray level image, the gray level image of crystal prototype to be measured is carried out to Integral Processing, obtain the gray scale-altitude curve of crystal prototype to be measured; The gray level image of glass ball float is carried out to Integral Processing, read the respective heights of each glass ball float, mapping is highly obtained to the height-densimetric curve of density gradient column by its density;
E, transform the mass content-altitude curve that obtains crystal prototype to be measured with the gray scale described in mass content-grey scale curve and the step D of the known crystal prototype of Density Distribution-altitude curve;
F, the height-densimetric curve described in step D and the mass content-altitude curve described in step e are converted into the mass content-densimetric curve of crystal prototype to be measured, are the density profile of crystal prototype to be measured.
Further technical scheme is, described density gradient column is single density gradient column or density gradient array, and in the time that described density gradient column is density gradient array, glass ball float only drops in the wherein row in this array described in step B.
In the time adopting density gradient array, this density gradient array is interconnected, the equal density of the respective heights of each row density gradient column.
Further technical scheme is, the density of described density gradient column and highly linear, and its Density Distribution scope covers the Density Distribution interval of crystal prototype to be measured, and its density intermediate value is arranged in the territory, density areal concentration of crystal prototype to be measured.
Further technical scheme is, described computer vision technique is any technology that can gather digital photograph.
Preferably, the equipment of described collection digital photograph is Digital Video or CCD camera.
Described in step D of the present invention, visual pattern being converted into gray level image is to utilize image processing software that the color of each pixel of visual pattern is converted into corresponding gray-scale value.
Preferably, described image processing software is origin.
The method that described in step D of the present invention, Integral Processing adopts is: by all gray-scale value summations of each pixel of equal altitudes, obtain the gray scale summation of arbitrary height.
Further technical scheme is, the height using the height of the center of the gray level image of each glass ball float as glass ball float when the gray level image of glass ball float described in step D is carried out to Integral Processing.Glass ball float is spherical shape, it is a circle on gray level image, naturally have a central point, the density of the height using the height of this center as glass ball float to density gradient column and highly demarcating, can obtain the density value of any At The Height on density gradient column accurately.
Because this method is to measure the continuous distribution curve of crystalline density, therefore, in the time of the different crystal prototype to be measured of configuration concentration or other identical type crystal prototype, the concentration of mentioning is actually the concentration of crystal suspending liquid.
Compared with prior art, one of beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention is on the basis of density gradient method, set up particle density distribution quantitatively characterizing method based on gradation of image distribution concept, density gradient analytical technology, computer vision technique, image processing techniques are combined, can measure rapidly and accurately the density profile of the crystalline material of density continuous distribution
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the HMX explosive sample density profile of two parts of different crystal qualities of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) preparation can be measured the density gradient column array (totally 7 row) of many parts of HMX explosive sample density continuous distribution simultaneously, density gradient array is interconnected, the fluid density of each row same position is identical, the density fluid of density gradient array is heavily uniformly distributed on presenting gently, and density range covers 1.885～1.915g/cm
3.Utilize electronic balance to take HMX sample, after infiltrating with light liquid, slowly add the upper surface of density gradient array the 1st, 2,3,5,6,7 row, it is slowly sunk, to stable.
(2), from the density float of having proofreaied and correct, get density and be respectively 1.9103g/cm
3, 1.9055g/cm
3, 1.9003g/cm
3, 1.8948g/cm
3, 1.8902g/cm
3glass ball float, after infiltrating with light liquid, put into successively the upper surface of density gradient array the 4th row of step (1), make it slowly sink down into transfixion.
(3) adopt smart wire array CCD camera (pixel >2048p, line scan rate >18000 line) sample in density gradient column array and glass ball float are scanned, obtain the visual pattern of whole surveyed area, utilize image processing software as the color of each pixel of visual pattern is converted into corresponding gray-scale value by origin, generate real-time gray level image.
(4) gray level image that is listed as arbitrarily HMX sample in density gradient array is carried out to Integral Processing, obtain the gray scale-altitude curve of HMX sample to be measured, then transform in conjunction with the mass content-grey scale curve (having had this relevant curve in prior art) of the known HMX sample of Density Distribution the mass content-altitude curve that obtains HMX sample to be measured; While is carried out Integral Processing as the height of glass ball float to the gray level image of glass ball float using the height of the center of the gray level image of each glass ball float, (height of glass ball float and density meet linear relationship ρ=2.01734+8.661E-4*H to obtain the height-densimetric curve of glass ball float, linearly dependent coefficient R=0.9992, ρ represents density, H represents the height taking density gradient column bottom as reference, and E represents 10
-5), thereby can obtain the density of optional position in density gradient column.
(5) mass content-altitude curve of HMX sample to be measured step (4) being obtained and the height-densimetric curve of glass ball float are converted into the mass content-densimetric curve of HMX sample to be measured, and this mass content-densimetric curve is HMX sample rate distribution curve.
Wherein the density profile of two of different crystal quality parts of HMX explosive samples as shown in Figure 1.In Fig. 1, solid line represents the low-quality HMX sample rate curve of inferior quality, and its Density Distribution is wider, and this HMX sample rate skewness is described, more containing defect in sample segment; Solid line represents the sample rate curve of high-quality HMX, can find out that most sample rates are all positioned at 1.8981～1.9003g/cm
3between, illustrating that the quality of crystal compares homogeneous, contained defect situation is also basically identical.Can clearly distinguish the HMX sample of different qualities from the contrast of two lines of Fig. 1.
If in the time implementing method of testing of the present invention, mass content-the grey scale curve of the known HMX sample of Density Distribution can not find in the prior art or curve ranges imperfect, can utilize following methods Determination of The Proper Motions, then as database for later: the HMX explosive sample and the density gradient column that utilize the known and continuous uniform distribution of density, respectively the HMX explosive sample of each density is distributed in density gradient column separately, then adopt computer vision technique to carry out image acquisition, obtain the visual pattern of each row density gradient column, change into after gray level image, obtain the gray scale-altitude curve of this sample with its gray-scale value to highly mapping, because the Density Distribution of sample is known, be that sample quality content-densimetric curve is known, therefore density-altitude curve and mass content-densimetric curve can be converted into mass content-grey scale curve, while whenever measuring the density profile of HMX sample to be measured after this mass content-grey scale curve can be used as database and is provided with, use as the basis of coordinate conversion.
The density fluid that the present invention prepares density gradient column is zinc bromide aqueous solution, because the density fluid of density gradient column is presented light lower heavy continuous distribution, therefore the zinc bromide solution density of density gradient column upper end little (this area is called light liquid), the zinc bromide solution density large (this area is called heavy-fluid) of density gradient column lower end, in the time that crystal prototype or glass ball float etc. are infiltrated, what use is light liquid, the zinc bromide aqueous solution that density is little.Infiltration is to produce bubble in order to prevent that explosive crystal or glass ball float etc. are dispersed in density gradient column, because the bubble producing can affect its density, diminishes such as meeting makes the density of glass ball float, affects test result.
Embodiment 2
(1) density gradient column that preparation is measured for RDX explosive sample density continuous distribution, is heavily uniformly distributed on light in density fluid, and density range is not less than 1.785～1.815g/cm
3, utilize electronic balance to take RDX explosive sample, after infiltrating with light liquid, slowly add density gradient column upper surface, it is slowly sunk, to stable.
(2), from the density float of having proofreaied and correct, get density and be respectively 1.8106g/cm
3, 1.8050g/cm
3, 1.8000g/cm
3, 1.7952g/cm
3, 1.7899g/cm
3glass ball float, after infiltrating with light liquid, put into successively the upper surface of the density gradient column of step (1); While throwing in float, try not to make float near gradient tube wall, in order to avoid destroy density gradient, float is stablized 2～4 hours.
(3) adopt high definition wide-angle Digital Video (pixel >2048p) to take pictures to sample in density gradient column and glass ball float, generate the visual pattern of whole surveyed area.
(4) visual pattern of step (3) is carried out to analyzing and processing, utilize image processing software visual pattern to be changed into gray level image as origin, the gray level image of RDX explosive sample is carried out to Integral Processing, obtain the gray scale-altitude curve of RDX explosive sample, then in conjunction with the mass content-grey scale curve of the known RDX explosive sample of Density Distribution, (its source can be data well known in the prior art, also can adopt the technological means identical with embodiment 1 once to measure, then using the mass content-grey scale curve of gained as database for later) conversion obtains the mass content-altitude curve of RDX explosive sample to be measured, gray level image to glass ball float is processed, obtain the position coordinates at each density float center, (both meet linear relationship ρ=1.78464+0.00106*H to obtain height-densimetric curve, linearly dependent coefficient R=0.9998, ρ represents density, H represents the height taking density gradient column bottom as reference), thus the density of optional position in density gradient column can be obtained.
(5) carry out coordinate conversion according to the result of step (4), obtain the mass content-densimetric curve of each sample, be RDX explosive sample density profile.
Embodiment 3
(1) the density gradient column array (totally 12 row) that preparation is measured for CL-20 explosive sample density continuous distribution, in density gradient array, each row are interconnected, the fluid density of each row same position is identical, on light on global density liquid, be heavily uniformly distributed, density range is 2.015～2.050g/cm
3, utilize electronic balance to take CL20 sample, after infiltrating with light liquid, slowly add the upper surface (the 12nd row are vacated) of the each row of density gradient array, it is slowly sunk, to stable.
(2), from the density float of having proofreaied and correct, get density and be respectively 2.0451g/cm
3, 2.0393g/cm
3, 2.0347g/cm
3, 2.0254g/cm
3, 2.0205g/cm
3glass ball float, after infiltrating with light liquid, put into successively the upper surface of density gradient array the 12nd row of step (1), it is slowly sunk until static.
(3) adopt high definition wide-angle Digital Video (pixel >2048p) to take pictures to sample and glass ball float in density gradient array, generate the visual pattern of whole surveyed area.
(4) visual pattern of step (3) is carried out to analyzing and processing, utilize with the functionally similar image processing software of origin visual pattern is changed into gray level image, the gray level image of the CL-20 sample to each row carries out respectively Integral Processing, obtain CL-20 sample gray scale-altitude curve, then in conjunction with the mass content-grey scale curve of the known CL-20 sample of Density Distribution, (its source can be data well known in the prior art, also can adopt the technological means identical with embodiment 1 once to measure, then using the mass content-grey scale curve of gained as database for later) conversion obtains the mass content-altitude curve of CL-20 sample to be measured, gray level image to glass ball float is processed, obtain the position coordinates at each density float center, (both meet linear relationship ρ=2.01734+8.661E-4*H to obtain height-densimetric curve, linearly dependent coefficient R=0.9992, ρ represents density, H represents the height taking density gradient column bottom as reference, and E represents 10
-5), thereby can obtain the density of optional position in density gradient column.
(5) carry out coordinate conversion according to the result of step (4), obtain the mass content-densimetric curve of each sample, be sample rate distribution curve.
Although with reference to multiple explanatory embodiment of the present invention, invention has been described here, but, should be appreciated that, those skilled in the art can design a lot of other amendment and embodiments, within these amendments and embodiment will drop on the disclosed principle scope and spirit of the application.More particularly, in the scope of, accompanying drawing open in the application and claim, can carry out multiple modification and improvement to the building block of subject combination layout and/or layout.Except modification that building block and/or layout are carried out with improving, to those skilled in the art, other purposes will be also obvious.
Claims (10)
1. the method based on density gradient image treating test crystalline density continuous distribution, is characterized in that it comprises following steps:
A, preparation density weigh equally distributed density gradient column continuously and under presenting gently;
B, take crystal prototype to be measured, the upper surface that it is slowly added to the density gradient column of steps A, makes it naturally sink down into stable stopping in density gradient column and the position of its equal density;
C, drop into even density glass ball float spaced apart to the density gradient column of step B, treat that it sinks down into stable stopping in density gradient column and the position of its equal density naturally;
D, adopt computer vision technique to the collection of taking pictures of described density gradient column, obtain the visual pattern of whole surveyed area, then described visual pattern is converted into gray level image, the gray level image of crystal prototype to be measured is carried out to Integral Processing, obtain the gray scale-altitude curve of crystal prototype to be measured; The gray level image of glass ball float is carried out to Integral Processing, read the respective heights of each glass ball float, mapping is highly obtained to the height-densimetric curve of density gradient column by its density;
E, transform the mass content-altitude curve that obtains crystal prototype to be measured with the gray scale described in mass content-grey scale curve and the step D of the known crystal prototype of Density Distribution-altitude curve;
F, the height-densimetric curve described in step D and the mass content-altitude curve described in step e are converted into the mass content-densimetric curve of crystal prototype to be measured, are the density profile of crystal prototype to be measured.
2. the method based on density gradient image treating test crystalline density continuous distribution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described density gradient column is single density gradient column or density gradient array, in the time that described density gradient column is density gradient array, glass ball float only drops in the wherein row in this array described in step B.
3. the method based on density gradient image treating test crystalline density continuous distribution according to claim 2, is characterized in that described density gradient array is interconnected.
4. the method based on density gradient image treating test crystalline density continuous distribution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the density of described density gradient column and highly linear, its Density Distribution scope covers the Density Distribution interval of crystal prototype to be measured, and its density intermediate value is arranged in the territory, density areal concentration of crystal prototype to be measured.
5. the method based on density gradient image treating test crystalline density continuous distribution according to claim 1, is characterized in that described computer vision technique is any technology that can gather digital photograph.
6. the method based on density gradient image treating test crystalline density continuous distribution according to claim 5, the equipment that it is characterized in that described collection digital photograph is Digital Video or CCD camera.
7. the method based on density gradient image treating test crystalline density continuous distribution according to claim 1, is characterized in that visual pattern being converted into gray level image described in step D is to utilize image processing software that the color of each pixel of visual pattern is converted into corresponding gray-scale value.
8. the method based on density gradient image treating test crystalline density continuous distribution according to claim 7, is characterized in that described image processing software is origin.
9. the method based on density gradient image treating test crystalline density continuous distribution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the method that Integral Processing adopts described in step D is: by all gray-scale values summations of each pixel of equal altitudes, obtain the gray scale summation of arbitrary height.
10. the method based on density gradient image treating test crystalline density continuous distribution according to claim 1, the height using the height of the center of the gray level image of each glass ball float as glass ball float while it is characterized in that the gray level image of glass ball float described in step D to carry out Integral Processing.
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