CN104089791A - Improved injury locating and injury degree recognizing method based on vibration - Google Patents
Improved injury locating and injury degree recognizing method based on vibration Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an improved injury locating and injury degree recognizing method based on vibration. The method comprises the steps: when a structural body is not injured, collecting vibration signals through an acceleration sensor and a data acquisition system and storing the collected vibration signals, wherein the acceleration sensor and the data acquisition system are arranged on the structural body; secondly, in the process of detecting whether the structural body is injured, carrying out structural body modal analysis on collected data through a modal analysis system to obtain the modal frequency and the modal shape of former iota orders during detection of the structural body, and regularizing the acquired modal shape; thirdly, calculating the injury localization index alpha r of each structural unit according to the modal frequency and the modal shape of the former iota orders before the structural body is injured and the modal frequency and the modal shape of the former iota orders after the structural body is injured, and determining that the rth structural unit is injured if alpha r is larger than 1; fourthly, estimating the injury degree index delta r of the structural unit. The method has the advantages that assumption uncertainty of an existing method is avoided, misjudgment of the position of small injuries is effectively avoided, the accuracy of the injury degree recognition result is improved, and the method is suitable for engineering application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a structural member damage positioning and damage degree identification method, in particular to an improved damage positioning and damage degree identification method based on vibration.
Background
Due to the influence of various factors, the structural body can generate performance degradation and damage accumulation in use, and the damage state of the structural body is tried to be known, so that a reliable basis is provided for the safety decision of the structural body, and the method is a hot problem in the current structural engineering research. At present, the traditional nondestructive detection methods such as ultrasonic, x-ray, CT scanning, eddy current detection and the like are used for carrying out damage detection on a material structure, the detection result can meet the requirements of people, but instruments of the traditional nondestructive detection methods are heavy and complex, the cost is high, a large amount of manpower is needed for completing the detection, the maintenance and repair period is long, and the real-time detection on a structural body cannot be carried out at all. In addition, for some invisible and uncovered parts, the technology cannot be implemented, and even some functions of the structure are required to be stopped or stopped, for example, the civil passenger plane is required to be tested under the conditions that the airplane stops flying and the generator set stops running, which is very uneconomical and even impossible.
Compared with the method, the structural body damage identification technology based on the vibration test is a relatively simple and low-cost global damage detection method which is considered as promising in development, the damage diagnosis basic principle is that once the structural body is damaged, structural body parameters (such as rigidity, quality, damping and the like) are changed, accordingly, dynamic response characteristics (such as modal frequency and modal vibration type) of the structural body are changed, and the position and the degree of damage of the structural body can be determined according to the changes of the indexes. In recent years, researchers have proposed many vibration-based damage identification methods. Although the method has the advantages of definite physical concept and simplicity in use, only dynamic response is needed before and after structural body damage, and a system equation does not need to be solved, the method has the following problems in practical use: (1) the assumed conditions are uncertain; (2) under the working condition of small damage, the error of misjudgment of the damage position and the identification error of the damage degree are larger; (3) under the working condition of large damage, the recognition accuracy of the damage degree is not high. How to overcome the above problems is the subject of research by researchers in this field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vibration-based method for improving damage positioning and damage degree identification.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a vibration-based method for improving damage positioning and damage degree identification, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, when the structural body is not damaged, acquiring and storing vibration signals through an acceleration sensor and a data acquisition system which are arranged on the structural body, and then carrying out modal analysis on the acquired data by adopting a modal analysis system to obtain the structural body before damage is causedThe modal frequency and the modal shape of the order,a natural number of (2); when the modal frequency and the modal shape of the existing detection structural body can not be obtained when the structural body is not damaged, the model is corrected to establish a reference finite element model to obtain the model before the structural body is not damagedThe modal frequency and the modal shape of the order, and the obtained modal shape is regularized;
secondly, when the structural body is detected to be damaged, the vibration signal is acquired and stored through an acceleration sensor and a data acquisition system which are arranged on the structural body, and then a modal analysis system is adopted to carry out structural body modal analysis on the acquired data to acquire the structural body before detectionThe modal frequency and the modal shape of the order, and the obtained modal shape is regularized;
thirdly, according to the structure before and after damageOrder modal frequency and regularization modal shape are adopted to calculate the damage positioning index of each structural unitWhen is coming into contact withThen it indicates thatDamage to individual structural units;a natural number of (2);
the damage localization indexThe following were used:
in the formula,is as followsThe modulus of elasticity of the individual structural units without damage,is as followsThe elastic modulus of each structural unit when damaged, the first time when the structure is not damagedThe order of the regularization mode shape is,the first time when the structure is damagedThe order of the regularization mode shape is,is as followsA matrix of individual building blocks related to the geometrical dimensions and the poisson's ratio,the total number of the structural units is,the first time when the structure is not damagedOrder eigenvalues and modal quality;respectively is the structural bodyThe modal characteristic values before and after order damage and the variation of modal quality,before the presentation is takenCalculating the modal frequency and the modal shape of the order;
fourthly, evaluating damage degree indexes of the structural units；
Evaluation indexThe following were used:
whereinAnd positioning the index value for the damage of the damage unit in the step three.
The method has the advantages of avoiding the uncertainty assumed by the existing method, effectively avoiding the misjudgment of the damage position under the small damage working condition, improving the damage degree identification result and being beneficial to engineering application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a finite element model of a simply supported beam structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of the front third-order mode shapes of the lossless simply supported beam structure according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a damage prediction result of the simply supported beam structure under the working condition 1 according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of a prediction result of damage of the simply supported beam structural body under working condition 2 according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of a prediction result of damage of the simply supported beam structural body under working condition 3 according to the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a prediction result of damage to the simply supported beam structure under condition 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the method for improving damage localization and damage degree identification based on vibration according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
firstly, when the structural body is not damaged, acquiring and storing vibration signals through an acceleration sensor and a data acquisition system which are arranged on the structural body, and then carrying out structural body modal analysis on the acquired data by adopting a modal analysis systemBefore obtaining the structural body without damageThe modal frequency and the modal shape of the order,a natural number of (2); when the modal frequency and the modal shape of the existing detection structural body can not be obtained when the structural body is not damaged, the model is corrected to establish a reference finite element model to obtain the model before the structural body is not damagedThe modal frequency and the modal shape of the order, and the obtained modal shape is regularized;
secondly, when the structural body is detected to be damaged, the vibration signal is acquired and stored through an acceleration sensor and a data acquisition system which are arranged on the structural body, and then a modal analysis system is adopted to carry out structural body modal analysis on the acquired data to acquire the structural body before detectionThe modal frequency and the modal shape of the order, and the obtained modal shape is regularized;
thirdly, according to the structure before and after damageOrder modal frequency and regularization modal shape are adopted to calculate the damage positioning index of each structural unitWhen is coming into contact withThen it indicates thatDamage to individual structural units;a natural number of (2);
the damage localization indexThe following were used:
in the formula,is as followsThe modulus of elasticity of the individual structural units without damage,is as followsThe elastic modulus of each structural unit when damaged, the first time when the structure is not damagedThe order of the regularization mode shape is,the first time when the structure is damagedThe order of the regularization mode shape is,is as followsA matrix of individual building blocks related to the geometrical dimensions and the poisson's ratio,the total number of the structural units is,the first time when the structure is not damagedOrder eigenvalues and modal quality;respectively is the structural bodyThe modal characteristic values before and after order damage and the variation of modal quality,before the presentation is takenCalculating the modal frequency and the modal shape of the order;
fourthly, evaluating damage degree indexes of the structural units；
Evaluation indexThe following were used:
whereinAnd positioning the index value for the damage of the damage unit in the step three.
The invention is now specifically described in terms of a uniform cross-section simply supported beam structure.
FIG. 1 is a finite element model of the simply supported beam structure, the finite element model having a beam lengthL=6m, cross sectionModulus of elasticity of materialDensity ofAnd is divided into 20 units (numerals 1 to 21 represent the number of nodes, and numerals 1 to 20 in circles represent the number of units).
The method comprises the following steps of carrying out damage identification under four working conditions, wherein the working condition is 1: the damage position is located at the 2 nd unit, and the elastic modulus is used for the damage degreeReduced by 10% to simulate; working condition 2: the damage position is located at the 6 th unit, and the elastic modulus is used for the damage degreeReduced by 10% to simulate; working condition 3: the damage position is located at the 11 th unit, and the elastic modulus is used for the damage degreeThe drop was 5% to simulate. Working condition 4: the damage position is located at 13 th unit, and the elastic modulus is used for the damage degreeThe 50% drop was simulated.
Obtaining table 1 and fig. 2 through the first step and the second step; wherein:
table 1 shows the damage condition and the first three modal frequencies; fig. 2 shows the first three-order mode shape of the simply supported beam structure without damage.
Calculating according to the modal information before and after the damage of the simply supported beam:
the existing method based on vibration damage positioning and damage degree identification (hereinafter referred to as method 1):
index for evaluating damage degreeThe following were used:
whereinPositioning an index value for the damage of the damage unit in the method 1 in the third step;
method 1 Damage location indexThe following were used:
wherein,is a structural bodyThe order of the regularized mode vectors is,when the structure is damagedThe order of the regularized mode vectors is,is a matrix of the r-th structural unit related to the geometric dimension and the poisson ratio,is a structural bodyThe stiffness of the second order mode is,when the structure is damagedThe stiffness of the second order mode is,before the presentation is takenThe order mode is calculated.
The calculation results of the method 1 and the method of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as method 2) are shown in table 2 and attached figures 3 to 6, and it can be seen from table 2 and attached figures 3 to 6 that: (1) the method 2 avoids the assumption that the modal stiffness contribution rates before and after the damage of the method 1 are the same, can accurately identify the damage position under the working condition of small damage, and avoids the occurrence of the phenomenon of misjudgment of the damage position; (2) the damage degree identification result is more accurate and reliable based on the method 2.
Table 1: damage condition and first three-order modal frequency
Table 2: two methods identify results
。
Claims (1)
1. A vibration-based method for improving damage positioning and damage degree identification is characterized in that: comprises that
The method comprises the following steps:
firstly, when the structural body is not damaged, acquiring and storing vibration signals through an acceleration sensor and a data acquisition system which are arranged on the structural body, and then carrying out modal analysis on the acquired data by adopting a modal analysis system to obtain the structural body before damage is causedThe modal frequency and the modal shape of the order,a natural number of (2); when the modal frequency and the modal shape of the existing detection structural body can not be obtained when the structural body is not damaged, the model is corrected to establish a reference finite element model to obtain the model before the structural body is not damagedThe modal frequency and the modal shape of the order, and the obtained modal shape is regularized;
secondly, when the structural body is detected to be damaged, the vibration signal is acquired and stored through an acceleration sensor and a data acquisition system which are arranged on the structural body, and then a modal analysis system is adopted to carry out structural body modal analysis on the acquired data to acquire the structural body before detectionThe modal frequency and the modal shape of the order, and the obtained modal shape is regularized;
thirdly, according to the structure before and after damageOrder modal frequency and regularization modal shape are adopted to calculate the damage positioning index of each structural unitWhen is coming into contact withThen it indicates thatDamage to individual structural units;a natural number of (2);
the damage localization indexThe following were used:
in the formula,is as followsThe modulus of elasticity of the individual structural units without damage,is as followsThe elastic modulus of each structural unit when damaged,，the first time when the structure is not damagedThe order of the regularization mode shape is,the first time when the structure is damagedThe order of the regularization mode shape is,is a matrix of the r-th structural unit related to the geometric dimension and the poisson ratio,the total number of the structural units is,the first time when the structure is not damagedOrder eigenvalues and modal quality;respectively is the structural bodyThe modal characteristic values before and after order damage and the variation of modal quality,before the presentation is takenCalculating the modal frequency and the modal shape of the order;
fourthly, evaluating damage degree indexes of the structural units；
Evaluation indexThe following were used:
whereinAnd positioning the index value for the damage of the damage unit in the step three.
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Cited By (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106226395A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2016-12-14 | 西安交通大学 | The damage detection system of a kind of elongate composite and detection method thereof |
| CN106227941A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-14 | 大连大学 | The damage extent identification method of high-rise frame structure based on natural frequency rate of change |
| CN106482827A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-03-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Electronic product based on crosspower spectrum function Modal Parameter Identification vibrates DLP method |
| CN109828033A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-05-31 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Damnification recognition method and system based on vibratory response similarity analysis |
| CN110108430A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-09 | 东北大学 | A kind of high-precision damage positioning method of fibre reinforced composites beam |
| CN110501464A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-11-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of marine riser degree of injury and damage location identification method and system |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106227941A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-14 | 大连大学 | The damage extent identification method of high-rise frame structure based on natural frequency rate of change |
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| CN106482827A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-03-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Electronic product based on crosspower spectrum function Modal Parameter Identification vibrates DLP method |
| CN109828033A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-05-31 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Damnification recognition method and system based on vibratory response similarity analysis |
| CN109828033B (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2021-08-03 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Damage identification method and system based on vibration response similarity analysis |
| CN110108430A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-09 | 东北大学 | A kind of high-precision damage positioning method of fibre reinforced composites beam |
| CN110108430B (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-10-27 | 东北大学 | High-precision damage positioning method for fiber reinforced composite beam |
| CN110501464A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-11-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of marine riser degree of injury and damage location identification method and system |
| CN110501464B (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2022-01-21 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method and system for identifying damage degree and damage position of marine riser |
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