CN104088628B - Continuous phase position and phase shift keying modulation method based on four-blade triangular valve type - Google Patents
Continuous phase position and phase shift keying modulation method based on four-blade triangular valve type Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a continuous phase position and phase shift keying modulation method based on a four-blade triangular valve type. The method is used for a continuous wave mud pulse generator. When the continuous wave mud pulse generator is turned on, a rotor of the continuous wave mud pulse generator is controlled to be rotated by pi/2 angular displacement at the angular speed of pif/2 to produce a 'start' wave; when a code element a needs to be sent, the rotor of the continuous wave mud pulse generator is firstly controlled to be rotated by pi/2 angular displacement at the angular speed of na and then rotated by pi/2 angular displacement at the angular speed of pif/2, wherein please find the formula in the specifications, f refers to reference wave frequency, delta p = the phase difference p between the corresponding waveform of the current code element a and a reference wave - the phase difference between the corresponding waveform of a' previous code element of the code element a and the reference wave, and namely delta p= 2pi (a-a')/M ( in the formula, a and a' are both calculated decimally, and M refers to a system); when the code element represents the 'start' wave or an 'end' wave, the value (a or a') is -1/2. According to the continuous phase position and phase shift keying modulation method, the transmission rate of downhole data can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to continuous wave mud-pulse modulation technique field, it is based on quaterfoil triangle in particular to a kind of
The continuous phase phase-shift keying (PSK) modulator approach of valve-type.
Background technology
Make a general survey of the downhole data telemetry of application in current measurement while drilling, mud-pulse transmission, particularly continuous wave mud
Slurry pulse transmit, strong antijamming capability higher with its transfer rate, become have a extensive future, the great data of development potentiality pass
Defeated mode.In order to improve pressure wave signal detection intensity, reduce detection difficulty, generally by determining in continuous wave impulse generating unit
Rotor structure becomes special port shape, to produce the continuous mud pressure ripple with sinuso sine protractor.From down-hole collection
The multiple measurement while drilling parameters come, for example, hole deviation, orientation, tool face azimuth, formation resistivity, neutron density etc., encode through suitable
After one-tenth " 0 ", " 1 " digital stream, just ground to be uploaded to for carrier wave with these sine waves.
Frequency shift keying and phase-shift keying (PSK) are the conventional modulation techniques of continuous wave mud-pulse transmission.Comparatively, identical
Signal to noise ratio environment under, phase-shift keying (PSK) takies narrower bandwidth, can get lower symbol error rate.Generally, phase-shift keying (PSK) can
It is divided into binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and multiple phase-shift keying (MPSK), such as quaternary phase-shift keying (PSK) (QPSK) and octal system
Phase-shift keying (PSK) (OPSK) etc..For the special environment of mud channel, preferentially select BPSK and QPSK.System is higher, data transfer
Speed is faster, but waveform generation is more difficult, and ground detection reduction difficulty is bigger.For continuous wave mud-pulse data transmission system
PSK Modulation Technology also have pulsewidth and pulse-position modulation.For QPSK pulsewidth and pulse-position modulation, for accurately judging a code
It is necessary to be analyzed with reference to the mud pressure waveform in period of wave to 4, this limits data transfer speed to a certain extent for unit
Rate.
Chinese patent application publication No. CN 103696763A, date of publication on April 2nd, 2014, entitled the one of innovation and creation
Plant the continuous-wave generator rotary valve based on triangle valve body, this application case discloses a kind of multiple-blade (leaf based on triangle valve body
Piece breach is made up of a circular arc line, a fillet line and radial line segments) continuous-wave generator stator and rotor sructure and excellent
Change method for designing, and give the embodiment of quaterfoil triangle valve-type, when rotor at the uniform velocity one direction rotates one week, by with calmly
The mud throttling action of son, can produce 4 continuously highly similar sine pressure wave signals.But this case is not to based on fixed
The signal modulation technique of rotor rotation relation carries out relevant discussion.
U.S. Patent number 8,302,685B2, January 30 2009 applying date, grant date on November 6th, 2012, invention wound
Entitled mud-pulse telemetry data modulation technique (the Mud Pulse Telemetry Data Modulation making
Technique), this case discloses a kind of octal system PSK Modulation Technology scheme, adopts and reference signal same frequency f eight
Plant out of phase π/8,3 π/8,5 π/8,7 π/8,9 π/8, the sine wave of 11 π/8,13 π/8 and 15 π/8, to represent numeral respectively
" 000 ", " 001 ", " 010 ", " 011 ", " 100 ", " 101 ", " 110 " and " 111 " composite signal.But this case is not studied further
The producing method of out of phase waveform, each phasetophase transformational rule and the adjustment frequency of ripple and run time feature must not and
Know.
Chinese patent application publication No. CN 103179066A, date of publication on June 26th, 2013, innovation and creation entitled
Multiple phase-shift keying MPSK modulator approach, device and function signal generator, this application case discloses a kind of inclusion mapping mould
Multiple electronics such as block, phase modulation transducer, phase accumulator, phase addition device, carrier waveform memorizer and digital-to-analog converter
The instrument that device is constituted, produces multiple phase-shift keying signal by complex operation logic.It is to be noted that being used for
The PSK Modulation Technology of continuous wave mud-pulse data transmission system is necessarily different to be similar to and adopts high-performance integrated chip
The signal output method realized, it is a kind of purely mechanical signal producing method, and its phase place change depends on rotor angle speed
Rate and the change of angular displacement, have the adjustment law of itself.
Therefore, according to rotor rotation feature, study the continuous phase for continuous wave mud-pulse data transmission system
Phase-shift keying (PSK), particularly BPSK and QPSK fast modulation technical implementation way, to improve the transfer rate of downhole data further,
Significant for lifting drilling measuring technology level.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is, provides a kind of being used for of transfer rate that can improve downhole data
The continuous phase phase-shift keying (PSK) modulator approach of continuous wave mud-pulse data transmission system.
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of continuous phase phase-shift keying (PSK) modulation methods based on quaterfoil triangle valve-type
Method, for continuous wave slurry pulse generator, when starting continuous wave slurry pulse generator, controls continuous wave mud-pulse to occur
The rotor of device rotates pi/2 angular displacement with angular velocity π f/2, thus producing " startup " ripple；When needing to send code element a, control continuous
The rotor of ripple mud pulse generator is first with angular speed naRotate pi/2 angular displacement, then pi/2 angular displacement rotated with angular speed π f/2,
Wherein：
F is with reference to wave frequency, in M system,A ＇ is the previous code element of code element a, a and a ＇ in formula
All with decimal computation, when a or a ＇ represents " startup " ripple or " end " ripple, its value is
In this technical scheme, it is first determined the carrier phase of different system phase shift keyings and the one-to-one corresponding representing code element
Relation, then according to the functional equation of rotor speed and mud pressure waveform frequency, by continuous adjustment rotor operation speed, builds
The occurrence condition of vertical out of phase carrier waveform and the transformational rule of each phasetophase, finally according to this transformational rule, will gather
Underground survey data be converted to mud-pulse waveform, be uploaded to ground and be demodulated and reduce, to effectively improve down-hole number
According to transfer rate.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：Provide a kind of fast phase shift key modulation techniques based on quaterfoil triangle valve-type
Implementation method, uploading for continuous wave slurry pulse generator rapid data provides practicable multi-carrier modulation scheme, has very
Big Practical significance.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is downhole data transmission path block diagram upwards in measurement while drilling in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the phase place of PSK Modulation Technology and code element corresponding relation schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is using pressure waveform schematic diagram during BPSK in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is using pressure waveform schematic diagram during QPSK in the embodiment of the present invention；.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments provide a kind of fast phase shift key modulation method based on quaterfoil triangle valve-type, in this skill
In art scheme, it is first determined the carrier phase of different system phase shift keyings and the one-to-one relationship representing code element, then foundation
Rotor speed and the functional equation of mud pressure waveform frequency, by continuous adjustment rotor operation speed, set up out of phase and carry
The occurrence condition of waveform and the transformational rule of each phasetophase, the underground survey data of collection is converted to continuous mud-pulse
Waveform, is uploaded to ground and is demodulated and reduces, to effectively improve the transfer rate of downhole data.
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description the present invention is described in further detail.
Specifically, as shown in figure 1, downhole data transmits upwards is divided into downhole data coding and modulation 1 and ground data
Demodulation and 2 liang of big modules of decoding.In underground part, continuous wave central controller 12 passes through CAN by LWD/MWD measurement data
11 read according to corresponding precision (digit), carry out chnnel coding through digital encoder 13, then by the phase-shift keying (PSK) of selection
Modulation technique 14, is completed to transmit " 0 ", the packing of " 1 " numeral upwards, is mutually closed with the speed of rotary valve and position according to data flow
System, drives mud in triangular form continuous wave rotary valve 16 regular throttling drill collar using Motor drive and feedback control circuit 15
Stream, " 0 ", " 1 " are converted to mud pressure ripple and transmit upwards；In above ground portion, first to the mud pressure containing effective information
Reeb carries out signal denoising filtering 21 and is converted to detectable voltage wave, then using the phase-shift keying (PSK) corresponding with down-hole modulation
Demodulating algorithm 22, " 0 ", " 1 " digital stream after being demodulated, then using decoder 23 corresponding with down-hole encryption algorithm and its inspection
Wrong error correction algorithm 24, the original LWD/MWD measurement data of final acquisition, and show or store 25.
In quaterfoil triangle valve-type, the functional relationship of rotor speed of rotation n (rad/s) and pressure waveform frequency f can table
It is shown as：
For the mud pressure waveform producing, there is one from the corresponding waveform of code element a to the corresponding waveform of code element a ＇ and " adjust
Whole " ripple, " adjustment " wave frequency faFor：
Wherein, the corresponding waveform of Δ p=current symbol a is corresponding with the previous code element a ＇ of phase contrast p- code element a of reference wave
Waveform and the phase contrast p ＇ of reference wave, that is,(in formula a and a ＇ all with decimal computation, M is system), works as code
When unit represents " startup " ripple or " end " ripple, its value (a or a ＇) is -1/2.
" adjustment " ripple should start from rotary valve and fully open, when terminating at that rotary valve fully opens next time, i.e. duration Ta
For a complete cycle：
Speed of rotation n of rotor during " adjustment " rippleaFor：
Make reference wave be frequency f, the sine wave of initial phase pi/2, if rotor and stator fully open that i.e. pressure is minimum
For mud pressure waveform recording starting point, the phase contrast between mud pressure waveform and reference wave is according to the phase-shift keying (PSK) of different systems
Technology represents different code elements, the conversion between out of phase, is completed by adjusting the rotor one direction speed of rotation.In detail below
Taking BPSK and QPSK as a example it is described in detail：
As shown in Fig. 2 BPSK phase place with code element 31 corresponding relation is：When mud pressure waveform is identical with reference to wave frequency f,
During phase pi/2, represent code element " 0 ", during phase 3 pi/2, represent code element " 1 "；And during phase 0, represent " startup "
Or " end " ripple.
QPSK phase place with code element 32 corresponding relation is：When mud pressure waveform is identical with reference to wave frequency f, phase by pi/
When 4, represent code element " 00 ", during phase 3 π/4, represent code element " 01 "；During phase 5 π/4, represent code element " 10 ", phase place
When differing 7 π/4, represent code element " 11 "；And during phase 0, represent " startup " or " end " ripple.
As shown in figure 3, frequency is the reference wave 41 as phase judgment for the standard sine waveform of f.BPSK continuous phase phase
The mechanism of production moving keying waveform is as follows：In the case of rotor and stator fully open, rotor is with π f/2 (angular speed in the application
Unit is rad/s, omitted below) angular speed around axle a direction rotation (taking counterclockwise as a example, similarly hereinafter), when rotating corner
When moving increment for pi/2,1 complete frequency of generation is f phase place is 0 " startup " ripple 42 with reference wave difference, when transmission " 0 ",
Rotor with 2 π f/5 speed, rotates 5/4f s (rotating pi/2 angular displacement), generates " adjustment " ripple 43, then rotor continuation with
Around axle counterclockwise rotates, when rotational displacement increment is pi/2, produce 1 complete frequency is f phase to the angular speed of π f/2
Position " 0 " waveform 44 for pi/2 poor with reference wave；And then when transmitting " 1 ", rotor with π f/3 speed, rotate 3/2f s (rotate π/
2 angular displacements), generate " adjustment " ripple 45, then rotor continues with the angular speed of π f/2 around axle counterclockwise rotates, when turn
When dynamic angular displacement increment is pi/2, producing 1 complete frequency is f phase place and poor " 1 " waveform 46 for 3 pi/2s of reference wave；Hereafter
Rotor, with 2 π f/5 speed, rotates 5/4fs (rotating pi/2 angular displacement), generates " adjustment " ripple 47, and continue with π f/2's
Around axle counterclockwise rotates, when rotational displacement increment is pi/2, produce 1 complete frequency is f phase place and ginseng to angular speed
Examine ripple difference " end " ripple 48 for 0.
In a word, according to
All " adjustment " ripple generation rules of BPSK are：
" startup " → " 0 "：Rotor, with 2 π f/5 speed, rotates 5/4f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
" startup " → " 1 "：Rotor, with 2 π f/7 speed, rotates 7/4f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
“0”→“1”：Rotor, with π f/3 speed, rotates 2f/3s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
“1”→“0”：Rotor, with π f/3 speed, rotates 2f/3s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
" 1 " → " end "：Rotor, with 2 π f/5 speed, rotates 5/4f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
" 0 " → " end "：Rotor, with 2 π f/7 speed, rotates 7/4f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement.
As shown in figure 4, frequency is the reference wave 41 as phase judgment for the standard sine waveform of f, QPSK continuous phase phase
The mechanism of production moving keying waveform is as follows：In the case of rotor and stator fully open, rotor is inverse around axle with the angular speed of π f/2
Clockwise rotates, and when rotational displacement increment is for pi/2,1 complete frequency of generation is f phase place is 0 with reference wave difference
" startup " ripple 42, when needing to transmit " 00 ", rotor, with 4 π f/9 speed, rotates 9/8f s (rotating pi/2 angular displacement), generates one
Individual " adjustment " ripple 53, then rotor continue with the angular speed of π f/2 around axle counterclockwise rotates, when rotational displacement increment is
During pi/2, producing 1 complete frequency is f phase place and poor " 00 " waveform 54 for π/4 of reference wave；Then transmit " 01 ", rotor with
2 π f/5 speed, rotate the 5/4f s time (rotating pi/2 angular displacement), generate " adjustment " ripple 55, then rotor continues with π
Around axle counterclockwise rotates, when rotational displacement increment is pi/2, produce 1 complete frequency is f phase to the angular speed of f/2
Position " 01 " waveform 56 for 3 π/4 poor with reference wave；Then " 10 " are transmitted, rotor, with 2 π f/5 speed, rotates the 5/4f s time (i.e.
Rotate pi/2 angular displacement), generate " adjustment " ripple 57, then rotor continues counterclockwise to revolve around axle with the angular speed of π f/2
Turn, when rotational displacement increment is for pi/2,1 complete frequency of generation is f phase place is " 10 " waveform of 5 π/4 with reference wave difference
58；Then " 11 " are transmitted, rotor, with 2 π f/5 speed, rotates the 5/4f s time (rotating pi/2 angular displacement), generates one and " adjust
Whole " ripple 59, then rotor continue with the angular speed of π f/2 around axle counterclockwise rotates, when rotational displacement increment is pi/2,
Producing 1 complete frequency is f phase place and poor " 11 " waveform 510 for 7 π/4 of reference wave；Last symbol transmission terminates, then rotor
With 4 π f/9 speed, rotate 9/8f s (rotating pi/2 angular displacement), generate " adjustment " ripple 511, then rotor continues with π f/
Around axle counterclockwise rotates, when rotational displacement increment is pi/2, produce 1 complete frequency is f phase place to 2 angular speed
" terminate " ripple 48 for 0 poor with reference wave.
In the present invention, all " adjustment " ripple generation rules of QPSK are：
" startup " → " 00 "：Rotor, with 4 π f/9 speed, rotates 9/8f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
" startup " → " 01 "：Rotor, with 4 π f/11 speed, rotates 11/8f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
" startup " → " 10 "：Rotor, with 4 π f/13 speed, rotates 13/8f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
" startup " → " 11 "：Rotor, with 4 π f/15 speed, rotates 15/8f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
“00”→“01”：Rotor, with 2 π f/5 speed, rotates 5/4f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
“00”→“10”：Rotor, with π f/3 speed, rotates 3/2f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
“00”→“11”：Rotor, with 2 π f/7 speed, rotates 7/4f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
" 00 " → " end "：Rotor, with 4 π f/15 speed, rotates 15/8f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
“01”→“00”：Rotor, with 2 π f/7 speed, rotates 7/4f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
“01”→“10”：Rotor, with 2 π f/5 speed, rotates 5/4f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
“01”→“11”：Rotor, with π f/3 speed, rotates 3/2f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
" 01 " → " end "：Rotor, with 4 π f/13 speed, rotates 13/8f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
“10”→“00”：Rotor, with π f/3 speed, rotates 3/2f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
“10”→“01”：Rotor, with 2 π f/7 speed, rotates 7/4f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
“10”→“11”：Rotor, with 2 π f/5 speed, rotates 5/4f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
" 10 " → " end "：Rotor, with 4 π f/11 speed, rotates 11/8f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
“11”→“00”：Rotor, with 2 π f/5 speed, rotates 5/4f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
“11”→“01”：Rotor, with π f/3 speed, rotates 3/2f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
“11”→“10”：Rotor, with 2 π f/7 speed, rotates 7/4f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
" 11 " → " end "：Rotor, with 4 π f/9 speed, rotates 9/8f s time, traveling pi/2 angular displacement；
In addition, when transfer rate meets requirement of actual working condition, can produce several complete frequencies is f, phase contrast more
It is the waveform of special value (for example, π/4, pi/2,3 π/4 etc.) with reference wave, to improve ground detection reliability, reduce demodulation difficult
Degree.
The having for continuous wave mud-pulse data transmission system based on quaterfoil triangle valve-type that the present invention provides
The fast phase shift key modulation techniques implementation method of continuity Characteristics, in addition to BPSK and QPSK illustrating main in embodiment,
If ground demodulation instrument meets required, also can slightly expand as the higher octal system OPSK of system, or even hexadecimal HPSK.
It is pointed out that present disclosure is not limited in the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can
To propose other embodiments within the technological guidance's thought of the present invention, but this embodiment is included in the scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of continuous phase phase-shift keying (PSK) modulator approach based on quaterfoil triangle valve-type, occurs for continuous wave mud-pulse
Device is it is characterised in that when starting continuous wave slurry pulse generator, the rotor controlling continuous wave slurry pulse generator is with angle speed
Degree π f/2 rotates pi/2 angular displacement, thus producing " startup " ripple；When needing to send code element a, continuous wave mud-pulse is controlled to occur
The rotor of device is first with angular speed naRotate pi/2 angular displacement, then pi/2 angular displacement is rotated with angular speed π f/2, wherein：
F is with reference to wave frequency, in M system,A ＇ is the previous code element of code element a, and in formula, a and a ＇ is all only
With decimal computation, and its value is when a or a ＇ represents " startup " ripple or " end " ripple
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| CN105401936B (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2018-03-09 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Rotary valve rotating speed controls the reconstructing method of pulse |
| CN106321080B (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2019-04-09 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of processing method with brill mud continuous-wave pulse signal |
| CN111691877B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2022-05-03 | 中海油田服务股份有限公司 | Control method and device of slurry pulse generator and readable storage medium |
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| US6714138B1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2004-03-30 | Aps Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for transmitting information to the surface from a drill string down hole in a well |
| CN101761335A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2010-06-30 | 上海神开石油化工装备股份有限公司 | Measurement method capable of effectively discriminating underground slurry state |
| CN102425411A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-04-25 | 斯伦贝谢金地伟业油田技术(山东)有限公司 | Continuous wave slurry pulse generator |
| CN103038445A (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2013-04-10 | 哈里伯顿能源服务公司 | Mud pulse telemetry |
| CN103696763A (en) * | 2013-12-29 | 2014-04-02 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Continuous wave generator rotary valve based on triangular valve body |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US9312798B2 (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2016-04-12 | Sondex Limited | Sensor commuated electric motor with sensorless angular position determination and method |
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| US6714138B1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2004-03-30 | Aps Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for transmitting information to the surface from a drill string down hole in a well |
| CN101761335A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2010-06-30 | 上海神开石油化工装备股份有限公司 | Measurement method capable of effectively discriminating underground slurry state |
| CN103038445A (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2013-04-10 | 哈里伯顿能源服务公司 | Mud pulse telemetry |
| CN102425411A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-04-25 | 斯伦贝谢金地伟业油田技术(山东)有限公司 | Continuous wave slurry pulse generator |
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Effective date of registration: 20210806 Address after: 100007 No. 9 North Main Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, Dongzhimen Patentee after: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Patentee after: CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd. Address before: 300457 Tianjin Binhai New Area Development Zone Huanghai Road 106 Bohai Drilling Engineering Co., Ltd. science and Technology Development Office Patentee before: CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd. |