CN104084691A - Aluminum alloy constant-strength diffusion connecting method - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy constant-strength diffusion connecting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104084691A CN104084691A CN201410328096.4A CN201410328096A CN104084691A CN 104084691 A CN104084691 A CN 104084691A CN 201410328096 A CN201410328096 A CN 201410328096A CN 104084691 A CN104084691 A CN 104084691A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/14—Preventing or minimising gas access, or using protective gases or vacuum during welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/02—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a press ; Diffusion bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/16—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts, e.g. material for absorbing or producing gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
- B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
- B23K20/2336—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer both layers being aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum alloy constant-strength diffusion connecting method which is used for solving the technical problem that in an existing diffusion connecting method, the mechanical property of an aluminum alloy connecting joint is poor. According to the technical scheme, passivation is carried out on a hexanethiol organic liquid membrane to remove an oxidation membrane of an aluminum alloy to-be-welded surface, the aluminum alloy to-be-welded surface is adopted, a single-layer self-assembling molecular membrane is formed on the aluminum alloy to-be-welded surface through bonding of Al-S bonds, secondary oxidation on an aluminum alloy to-be-welded piece in the stove charging and vacuumizing process is avoided, when the temperature in a stove rises to 154 DEG C, hexanethiol is escaped out of the aluminum alloy to-be-welded surface to be volatilized to enable Al atoms on the aluminum alloy to-be-welded surface to be in contact, and aluminum alloy effective connection when the diffusion welding temperature is achieved is accordingly achieved. By means of the aluminum alloy constant-strength diffusion connecting method, the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy connecting joint can be improved. Tests show that the aluminum alloy connecting joint obtained with the method achieves 85%-100% of after-welded base materials, and the extension rate of the aluminum alloy connecting joint achieves 10%-21%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of diffusion connection method, particularly relate to a kind of aluminium alloy equal strength diffusion connection method.
Background technology
The diffusion of aluminium alloy and aluminium alloy is connected to precision component laminated solid body manufacture field and has huge application potential.Diffusion for aluminium and aluminium alloy connects, and because highly active aluminum alloy surface after first cleaning very easily forms secondary oxidation, generates nano level Al
2o
3film, although the thickness of this secondary oxidation film as thin as a wafer, it has high heat endurance (Al
2o
3its fusing point is 2060 ℃), be therefore difficult under diffusion welding (DW) temperature (500～600 ℃) and vacuum condition, decompose entered environment or matrix, and then hinder atom diffusion and the metallurgical binding that is connected interface, become the principal element of diffusion joint strength decreased.Therefore technical difficulty is large during diffusion welding (DW), its application is restricted, how to remove the oxide-film of surface to be welded or reduce the adverse effect of oxide-film, it is the emphasis of engineering research always, the traditional diffusion connection method of aluminium alloy mainly concentrates on three aspects: first, increase welding pressure or surface roughness (document 1 " Zuruzi A S, Li H, Dong G.Effects of surface roughness on the diffusion bonding of Al alloy6061in air[J] .Materials Science and Engineering:A, 1999, 270 (2): 244-248 "), second, add active metal as intermediate layer (document 2 " and Shirzadi A A, Assadi H, Wallach E R.Interface evolution and bond strength when diffusion bonding materials with stable oxide films[J] .Surface and interface analysis, 2001,31 (7): 609-618. "), the 3rd, the method of employing instant liquid-phase diffusion welding (TLP) (document 3 " Cooke K O, Khan T I, Oliver G D.Transient liquid phase diffusion bonding Al-6061using nano-dispersed Ni coatings[J] .Materials & Design, 2012,33:469-475 ").And for the laminated solid body manufacture of aluminium alloy function part, require not introduce other materials little with joint distortion amount when reducing costs, above traditional diffusion connection method all can not reach the requirement that aluminium alloy function part laminated solid body is manufactured.
Document 4 " Wu Y E; Lo Y L.Surface protection for AA8090aluminum alloy by diffusion bonding[J] .Theoretical and applied fracture mechanics; 2002; 38 (1): 71-79 " pointed out a kind of weldering front surface processing method of aluminium alloy diffusion, in AA8090 diffusion welding (DW), adopt the mode at welding surface coating ethanol liquid film to prevent surperficial secondary oxidation, postwelding strength of joint is 158.4MPa, reach 79% of postwelding strength of parent, higher than the strength of joint that adopts traditional method for cleaning to obtain.But due to ethanol liquid film highly volatile and because ethanol and water dissolve each other to be made to contain partial oxidation in liquid film, its effect that prevents that surface second is oxidized has much room for improvement, and the joint that the method obtains is difficult to obtain toughness stretching fracture.
Document 5 " Tan C S; Lim D F; Singh S G; et al.Cu – Cu diffusion bonding enhancement at low temperature by surface passivation using self-assembled monolayer of alkane-thiol[J] .Applied Physics Letters; 2009; 95 (19): 192108-192108-3 " reported the organic liquid film passivation of employing alkyl hydrosulfide self-composed monomolecular red copper surface, successfully realized the enhancing that Cu-Cu low temperature diffusion connects.But this surperficial slow release method is applied in the weldering front surface cleaning of aluminium alloy diffusion and yet there are no report.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of existing diffusion connection method aluminium alloy jointing poor mechanical property, the invention provides a kind of aluminium alloy equal strength diffusion connection method.The method adopts the organic liquid film passivation of hexyl mercaptan to remove the aluminium alloy welding surface after oxide-film, combination by Al-S key makes aluminium alloy welding surface form the self assembly molecule film of an individual layer, prevent aluminium alloy treat weldment in shove charge and the process that vacuumizes by secondary oxidation, while being warming up to 154 ℃ in stove, hexyl mercaptan effusion aluminium alloy welding surface volatilization are in contact with one another aluminium alloy welding surface Al atom, thereby when reaching diffusion welding (DW) temperature, realize effective connection of aluminium alloy.The inventive method can effectively prevent the secondary oxidation of aluminum alloy surface, improves intensity and the percentage elongation of aluminium alloy diffusion joint.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of aluminium alloy equal strength diffusion connection method, is characterized in adopting following steps:
Step 1, by aluminium alloy 4 sand paperings to 2000 for welding surface
#, carry out afterwards polishing, making aluminium alloy 4 welding surface roughness Ra values is 0.02～0.05 μ m; Then aluminium alloy 4 welding surfaces are placed in to 15% NaOH solution and clean 60～90s, then water rinses, then aluminium alloy 4 welding surfaces are placed in to 30% HNO
3in solution, clean 30～60s, finally aluminium alloy 4 is treated to weldment is placed in alcohol, Ultrasonic Cleaning 30～60s.
Step 2, the aluminium alloy 4 processed through step 1, after weldment dries, evenly apply the organic liquid film 2 of one deck hexyl mercaptan at aluminium alloy 4 welding surfaces immediately.Two aluminium alloy 4 welding surfaces with the organic liquid film 2 of hexyl mercaptan are in contact with one another, build aluminium alloy 4 welded pieces.Aluminium alloy 4 welded pieces are packed in vacuum drying oven, and be positioned between the interior seaming chuck 3 of Vacuum diffusion bonding furnace and push-down head 5, between seaming chuck 3 and aluminium alloy 4, between push-down head 5 and aluminium alloy 4, add solder mask 1.Aluminium alloy 4 welded pieces are applied to 0.3～0.6MPa precompression, close fire door, vacuumize.
Step 3, in vacuum diffusion furnace, vacuum reaches 4.3 * 10
-3during Pa, start heating, the rate of heat addition is 8～12 ℃/min, when rising to 550～570 ℃, temperature starts insulation, after insulation 18～22min, apply the axial compressive force of 4～5.5MPa between seaming chuck 3 and push-down head 5, whole insulating process is 50～70min, then cooling with stove, the axial compressive force applying between seaming chuck 3 and push-down head 5 in cooling procedure still keeps 4～5.5MPa.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the method adopts the organic liquid film passivation of hexyl mercaptan to remove the aluminium alloy welding surface after oxide-film, combination by Al-S key makes aluminium alloy welding surface form the self assembly molecule film of an individual layer, prevent aluminium alloy treat weldment in shove charge and the process that vacuumizes by secondary oxidation, while being warming up to 154 ℃ in stove, hexyl mercaptan effusion aluminium alloy welding surface volatilization are in contact with one another aluminium alloy welding surface Al atom, thereby when reaching diffusion welding (DW) temperature, realize effective connection of aluminium alloy.The inventive method can improve intensity and the percentage elongation of aluminium alloy diffusion joint effectively.After tested, the aluminium alloy jointing that the inventive method obtains reaches 85%～100% of postwelding mother metal, and joint percentage elongation reaches 10%～21%.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is elaborated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure chart that is installed of aluminium alloy equal strength diffusion connection method of the present invention.
In figure, 1-solder mask, the organic liquid film of 2-hexyl mercaptan, 3-seaming chuck, 4-aluminium alloy, 5-push-down head.
The specific embodiment
Following examples are with reference to Fig. 1.
Embodiment 1: aluminium alloy 6063 and aluminium alloy 6063 vacuum diffusion weldings.
Choosing two is of a size of
bar-shaped aluminium alloy 6063 (Al-Mg-Si system) is as treating weldment.First by aluminium alloy 4 sand paperings to 2000 for welding surface
#, carry out afterwards polishing, making aluminium alloy 4 welding surface roughness Ra values is 0.02 μ m; Then aluminium alloy 4 welding surfaces are placed in to 15% NaOH solution and clean 60s, then water rinses, again aluminium alloy 4 welding surfaces are placed in to 30% HNO3 solution and clean 30s, finally aluminium alloy 4 is treated to weldment is placed in alcohol, Ultrasonic Cleaning 60s, then cold wind dries up, and evenly applies one deck hexyl mercaptan (CH immediately at aluminium alloy 4 welding surfaces
3-(CH
2)-CH
2-SH) organic liquid film 2.Two aluminium alloy 4 welding surfaces with the organic liquid film 2 of hexyl mercaptan are in contact with one another, build aluminium alloy 4 welded pieces.Aluminium alloy 4 welded pieces are packed in vacuum drying oven, and be positioned between the interior seaming chuck 3 of Vacuum diffusion bonding furnace and push-down head 5, between seaming chuck 3 and aluminium alloy 4, between push-down head 5 and aluminium alloy 4, add solder mask 1.Aluminium alloy 4 welded pieces are applied to 0.3MPa precompression, close fire door, vacuumize.In vacuum diffusion furnace, vacuum reaches 4.3 * 10
-3during Pa, start heating, the rate of heat addition is 8 ℃/min, when rising to 550 ℃, temperature starts insulation, after insulation 18min, apply the axial compressive force of 5MPa between seaming chuck 3 and push-down head 5, whole insulating process is 50min, then cooling with stove, the axial compressive force applying between seaming chuck 3 and push-down head 5 in cooling procedure still keeps 5MPa.
Through experiment test, Diffusion Bonded Joint room temperature tensile strength is 165MPa, is 100% of postwelding strength of parent (164MPa), and joint percentage elongation is 20.4%, and the stretching fracture of joint is tough break.
Embodiment 2: aluminium alloy 5056 and aluminium alloy 5056 vacuum diffusion weldings.
Choosing two is of a size of
bar-shaped aluminium alloy 5056 (Al-Mg system) is as treating weldment.First by aluminium alloy 4 sand paperings to 2000 for welding surface
#, carry out afterwards polishing, making aluminium alloy 4 welding surface roughness Ra values is 0.03 μ m; Then aluminium alloy 4 welding surfaces are placed in to 15% NaOH solution and clean 90s, then water rinses, again aluminium alloy 4 welding surfaces are placed in to 30% HNO3 solution and clean 50s, finally aluminium alloy 4 is treated to weldment is placed in alcohol, Ultrasonic Cleaning 30s, then cold wind dries up, and evenly applies one deck hexyl mercaptan (CH immediately at aluminium alloy 4 welding surfaces
3-(CH
2)-CH
2-SH) organic liquid film 2.Two aluminium alloy 4 welding surfaces with the organic liquid film 2 of hexyl mercaptan are in contact with one another, build aluminium alloy 4 welded pieces.Aluminium alloy 4 welded pieces are packed in vacuum drying oven, and be positioned between the interior seaming chuck 3 of Vacuum diffusion bonding furnace and push-down head 5, between seaming chuck 3 and aluminium alloy 4, between push-down head 5 and aluminium alloy 4, add solder mask 1.Aluminium alloy 4 welded pieces are applied to 0.6MPa precompression, close fire door, vacuumize.In vacuum diffusion furnace, vacuum reaches 4.3 * 10
-3during Pa, start heating, the rate of heat addition is 10 ℃/min, when rising to 560 ℃, temperature starts insulation, after insulation 20min, apply the axial compressive force of 4MPa between seaming chuck 3 and push-down head 5, whole insulating process is 60min, then cooling with stove, the axial compressive force applying between seaming chuck 3 and push-down head 5 in cooling procedure still keeps 4MPa.
Through experiment test, its tensile strength of Diffusion Bonded Joint is 304MPa, is 86.4% of postwelding strength of parent (352MPa), and joint percentage elongation is 10.0%, and the stretching fracture of joint is tough break.
Embodiment 3: aluminium alloy 2024 and aluminium alloy 2024 vacuum diffusion weldings.
Choosing two is of a size of
bar-shaped aluminium alloy 2024 (Al-Cu system) is as treating weldment.First by aluminium alloy 4 sand paperings to 2000 for welding surface
#, carry out afterwards polishing, making aluminium alloy 4 welding surface roughness Ra values is 0.05 μ m; Then aluminium alloy 4 welding surfaces are placed in to 15% NaOH solution and clean 75s, then water rinses, again aluminium alloy 4 welding surfaces are placed in to 30% HNO3 solution and clean 60s, finally aluminium alloy 4 is treated to weldment is placed in alcohol, Ultrasonic Cleaning 50s, then cold wind dries up, and evenly applies one deck hexyl mercaptan (CH immediately at aluminium alloy 4 welding surfaces
3-(CH
2)-CH
2-SH) organic liquid film 2.Two aluminium alloy 4 welding surfaces with the organic liquid film 2 of hexyl mercaptan are in contact with one another, build aluminium alloy 4 welded pieces.Aluminium alloy 4 welded pieces are packed in vacuum drying oven, and be positioned between the interior seaming chuck 3 of Vacuum diffusion bonding furnace and push-down head 5, between seaming chuck 3 and aluminium alloy 4, between push-down head 5 and aluminium alloy 4, add solder mask 1.Aluminium alloy 4 welded pieces are applied to 0.5MPa precompression, close fire door, vacuumize.In vacuum diffusion furnace, vacuum reaches 4.3 * 10
-3during Pa, start heating, the rate of heat addition is 12 ℃/min, when rising to 570 ℃, temperature starts insulation, after insulation 22min, apply the axial compressive force of 5.5MPa between seaming chuck 3 and push-down head 5, whole insulating process is 70min, then cooling with stove, the axial compressive force applying between seaming chuck 3 and push-down head 5 in cooling procedure still keeps 5.5MPa.
Through experiment test, its tensile strength of Diffusion Bonded Joint is 269MPa, is 98.5% of postwelding strength of parent (273MPa), and joint percentage elongation is 12%, and the stretching fracture of joint is tough break.
Claims (1)
1. an aluminium alloy equal strength diffusion connection method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step 1, by aluminium alloy (4) sand papering to 2000 for welding surface
#, carry out afterwards polishing, making aluminium alloy (4) welding surface roughness Ra value is 0.02～0.05 μ m; Then aluminium alloy (4) welding surface is placed in to 15% NaOH solution and cleans 60～90s, then water rinses, then aluminium alloy (4) welding surface is placed in to 30% HNO
3in solution, clean 30～60s, finally aluminium alloy (4) is treated to weldment is placed in alcohol, Ultrasonic Cleaning 30～60s;
Step 2, the aluminium alloy (4) processed through step 1, after weldment dries, evenly apply the organic liquid film of one deck hexyl mercaptan (2) at aluminium alloy (4) welding surface immediately; Two aluminium alloy (4) welding surfaces with the organic liquid film of hexyl mercaptan (2) are in contact with one another, build aluminium alloy (4) welded piece; Aluminium alloy (4) welded piece is packed in vacuum drying oven, and be positioned between the interior seaming chuck (3) of Vacuum diffusion bonding furnace and push-down head (5), between seaming chuck (3) and aluminium alloy (4), between push-down head (5) and aluminium alloy (4), add solder mask (1); Aluminium alloy (4) welded piece is applied to 0.3～0.6MPa precompression, close fire door, vacuumize;
Step 3, in vacuum diffusion furnace, vacuum reaches 4.3 * 10
-3during Pa, start heating, the rate of heat addition is 8～12 ℃/min, when rising to 550～570 ℃, temperature starts insulation, after insulation 18～22min, apply the axial compressive force of 4～5.5MPa between seaming chuck (3) and push-down head (5), whole insulating process is 50～70min, then cooling with stove, the axial compressive force applying between seaming chuck in cooling procedure (3) and push-down head (5) still keeps 4～5.5Mpa.
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| CN106808161A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-06-09 | 苏州明和行新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of method that its deformation quantity is controlled in pallet manufacturing process |
| CN106956072A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-07-18 | 爱迪森自动化科技（昆山）有限公司 | A kind of connection method of diffusion welding (DW) laminated aluminium foil |
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| CN105665918A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-06-15 | 西安智拓精密焊接科技有限公司 | Diffusion welding method for improving strength of GH4099 welding joints |
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| CN106956072A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-07-18 | 爱迪森自动化科技（昆山）有限公司 | A kind of connection method of diffusion welding (DW) laminated aluminium foil |
| CN106956072B (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2019-11-26 | 哈尔滨工大华策科技有限公司 | A kind of connection method of diffusion welding (DW) laminated aluminium foil |
| GB2573546A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2019-11-13 | Twi Ltd | A method of diffusion bonding |
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| GB2573546B (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2021-03-31 | Twi Ltd | A method of diffusion bonding |
| CN108436212A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-08-24 | 哈尔滨沃丁科技开发有限公司 | The welding method of aluminium alloy panel |
| CN109396638A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of aluminium alloy diffusion connects method |
| CN109396638B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2021-04-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Aluminum alloy diffusion welding method |
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| CN113195146A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2021-07-30 | 日本发条株式会社 | Bonding method and bonded body |
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| CN111468815B (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2022-07-05 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Aluminum alloy diffusion bonding method without intermediate layer |
| CN111468815A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-31 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Aluminum alloy diffusion bonding method without intermediate layer |
| CN115647822A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-31 | 江苏博联硕焊接技术有限公司 | Secondary composite diffusion welding device for aluminum alloy cavity structural part and using method thereof |
| CN115647822B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-11-21 | 江苏博联硕焊接技术有限公司 | Secondary composite diffusion welding device for aluminum alloy cavity structural member and application method of secondary composite diffusion welding device |
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