CN104081228A - Systems and methodology for detecting a conductive structure - Google Patents

Abstract

Various embodiments include apparatus and methods to detect and locate conductive structures below the earth's surface. Tools can be configured with receiving sensors arranged to receive signals generated from a conductive structure in response to a current flowing on the conductive structure. Magnetic-related values from the signals can be processed, relative to the tool, to determine a position of a conductive structure from which the signal was generated in response to current flowing on the conductive structure. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.

Description

System and method for detection of conducting structure

Technical field

The device for measuring that a kind of oil-gas exploration of relate generally to of the present invention is relevant.

Background technology

Thereby in drilling well, carry out in the process of oil-gas exploration, the understanding of structure and the geographical formation characteristics that is associated is provided contributing to the information of this exploration.In addition, adopt the system and method that detects the conducting structure under earth's surface can strengthen drilling well.Conducting structure can comprise the metal tube for multiple drilling technique, and wherein the location of metal tube is very important for drill-well operation.

brief description of drawings

Fig. 1 illustrates and for (operable to), determines the example system of conducting structure position according to each embodiment.

Fig. 2 illustrates a plurality of features with respect to the illustrative examples method of the position of tool construction according to definite conducting structure of each embodiment, and wherein receiving sensor is arranged on tool construction.

Fig. 3 illustrates according to the example of the electric current on the housing of each embodiment, this current induced magnetic field, and this magnetic field is detected by the receiver in wellbore tubular.

Fig. 4 illustrates the exemplary tool for detection of the conducting structure in stratum according to each embodiment.

Fig. 5 illustrates according to the conducting structure of each embodiment and the relation being deployed between the receiver of the structural instrument parallel with this conducting structure.

Fig. 6 illustrates according to tangential magnetic field and normal direction magnetic field on the body structure surface of the instrument that is deployed with Fig. 5 above of each embodiment.

Fig. 7 A and 7B illustrate according to the tangential measured value of the simulation of Fig. 4 receiver of each embodiment.

Fig. 8 illustrates according to the measured value of the magnetic field normal component about bin number (bin number) of each embodiment.

Fig. 9 illustrates according to the relation between the distance of each embodiment and maximum field and minimum-B configuration ratio.

Figure 10 illustrates according to the actual range of each embodiment and calculates the relation between distance.

Figure 11 illustrates according to the tangential magnetic field curve of each embodiment and two crossing bins of normal direction field curve.

Figure 12 illustrates according to the block diagram of the feature of the example system of each embodiment, and this system has the instrument that disposes receiver sensor.

Figure 13 illustrates the example system at place, well site according to each embodiment, and wherein this system comprises the instrument that disposes receiver sensor.

describe in detail

Following detailed description is with reference to accompanying drawing, by example but the different embodiment that nonrestrictive expression the present invention implements.The explanation of these embodiment is enough detailed, can make those skilled in the art implement these and other embodiment.Can use other embodiment, and these embodiment are made to structure, logic and electricity change.These embodiment mutual exclusion each other, because these embodiment can merge and form new embodiment with one or more other embodiment.Therefore do not take following detailed description limited mode.

Fig. 1 illustrates the block diagram of the embodiment of system 100, and system 100 has the position that instrument 105 is determined conducting structure.System 100 comprises tool construction 103, has along the sensor 111-1 of the longitudinal axis 117 of tool construction 103 111-2...111-(N-1), the layout of 111-N.Under the control of the control module 115 moving in region 102, each sensor 111-1,111-2...111-(N-1), 111-N can be used as and sends sensor or receiving sensor use.Thereby the method for instrument 105 and use instrument 105 can be used for deep quest obtains structure inclination angle, position angle, and resistance R _hand R _v.

Sensor 111-1,111-2...111-(N-1), two sensor 111-J in 111-N and 111-K can be built into and determine that conducting structure is with respect to the position of tool construction 103.Two sensor 111-J and 111-K can be set to receiving sensor, and these two sensor 111-J and 111-K are oriented to mutually orthogonal.Instrument 105 can be implemented as and is exclusively used in the instrument of determining conducting structure position, and wherein instrument comprises one or more pairs of receiving sensors, and the receiving sensor of every pair is oriented to mutually orthogonal.

Instrument 105 can comprise control module 115, for managing at receiving sensor 111-J and 111-K place the collection of the signal receiving of mobile electric current on respect to conducting structure under earth's surface, thereby determines the relative position of conducting structure.Can in the data processing unit 120 of instrument 105, realize such determining, thereby wherein data processing unit 120 can be configured to the position of processing the definite conducting structure of signal receiving.System 100 can comprise current emission device, thereby electric current is flowed on conducting structure.Can manage current emission device by control module 115.

Data processing unit 120 and control module 115 can be constructed as for generating magnetic field correlation from the signal in receiving sensor 111-J and 111-K reception; Thereby and process this magnetic field correlation and from magnetic field correlation and the receiving sensor 111-J bin angle (bin angle) relevant with 111-K by being attached to tool construction 103, determine the position of the relative tool construction 103 of conducting structure.Tool construction 103 can be a part for wellbore tubular and conducting structure (its position is to be determined), can be the sleeve pipe in the stratum below the field surface of drilling area.Conducting structure can be the sleeve pipe in stratum, below, bottom, waters, for example, relevant to offshore drilling.Conducting stratum comprises other pipelines and the conducting structure relevant to drill-well operation.

Fig. 2 illustrates for determining that conducting structure is provided with the feature of illustrative methods of the tool construction position of receiving sensor relatively on it.At 210 places, obtain a plurality of signals corresponding with being deployed in the signal receiving in two receiving sensor places of the instrument under earth's surface.These two receiving sensors can be set to be oriented to mutually orthogonal.The signal receiving at two receiving sensor places can be the pressure that records corresponding with the magnetic field at receiving sensor place.Obtain the signal receiving and can comprise two receiving coils on use instrument, thereby coil is oriented to the mutually orthogonal signal generating from conducting structure of collecting.Tool construction can be oriented to parallel with conducting structure.Conducting structure can comprise the sleeve pipe relevant to well, and tool construction can be configured to a part for wellbore tubular.

Step 220 place generates magnetic field correlation from the signal obtaining.Magnetic field correlation can be that maximum records magnetic field and the minimum ratio in magnetic field that records.Magnetic field correlation can be the x in magnetic field and the ratio of y component recording.Magnetic field correlation can be the ratio that records the tangential and normal component in magnetic field.

Step 230 place, thus magnetic field correlation is processed to the position on the conducting structure of determining the structure be coupled with respect to two receiving sensors, and the signal wherein receiving is in response to electric current mobile on conducting structure and generates from this conducting structure.On conducting structure, mobile electric current can be included in the direct electric current that generates on conducting structure.Process magnetic field correlation and can comprise that magnetic field correlation based on generated calculates the distance with conducting structure.Process magnetic field correlation and can comprise the next tool azimuth angle with respect to conducting structure of magnetic field correlation value calculation based on generating.

Determine that conducting structure installed relatively thereon the position of the structure of the instrument with two receiving sensors and can comprise along with instrument is rotated in two receiving sensor places and collect the signal receiving; The signal receiving is associated with the bin of instrument, and instrument angle when this bin is collected with signal is corresponding; Collect the additional signal receiving and the additional signal receiving is distributed to different bins, each bin is corresponding with the azimuth direction of throw; And from determining which bin has comprised the maximum value of difference between maximum field correlation (deriving from the signal of the reception at each bin) and average magnetic field correlation, determines that conducting structure is with respect to the angle position of two structures that receiving sensor was coupled.

The position of determining conducting structure can be included in the situation that there is no the current value the unknown on electric current and conducting structure on tool construction, with respect to the minimum-B configuration H with recording _minimmwith the maximum field H recording _maximumrelevant ratio is determined distance (Dis).The position of determining conducting structure can comprise, the in the situation that of having electric current on tool construction, with respect to the minimum-B configuration H with recording _minimmwith the maximum field H recording _maximumrelevant ratio is determined distance (Dis).

Determine that conducting structure installed the position of the structure of the instrument with two receiving sensors relatively thereon, can comprise the signal that is collected in the reception at two receiving sensor places when instrument during in non-rotating pattern; The signal receiving based on as quadrature field correlated components value generates magnetic field correlation; And calculate conducting structure with respect to the angle position of instrument with the bin angle of quadrature field correlated components value and the instrument in non-rotating pattern.

Determine that conducting structure is provided with the position of the structure of the instrument with two receiving sensors relatively thereon, can comprise the bin angular correlation of the signal of the reception at receiving sensor place and instrument, bin angle with collect to receive signal time the angle of instrument corresponding; Thereby and carry out inversion procedure Core Generator with respect to the position angle of conducting structure by the parameter that records of the signal receiving.Carry out inversion procedure and can comprise use curve fitting function.

In each embodiment, instrument is provided with the relative position of the structure of instrument relatively thereon for determining stratum conducting structure.The different embodiment operation tools of the method that can operate according to the signal being received by instrument from conducting structure.By the calculated signals conducting structure based on receiving, with respect to the relative bearing of instrument and by the calculated signals based on receiving, the structure of instrument and the distance between conducting structure have been installed on it, have determined position.The setting of the receiver based on instrument, is used diverse ways, for example, as throw or as non-rotating tool operation.Tool and method can be applied on the sleeve pipe with respect to the drill-well operation of drilling well/logging tool.

Can carry out operation tool by the signal (instrument is used to detect this signal) based on receiving from conducting structure.The signal source that can be used for the conducting structure of detection such as sleeve pipe can be electric current mobile on conducting structure.Can bring out this electric current by another source, or this electric current can be applied directly on conducting structure.Electric current on conducting structure can bring out conducting structure magnetic field around, and this magnetic field can be measured by the receiver being arranged on instrument.The position that signal can be used for determining conducting structure that records from receiver.Thereby receiver can be arranged on the position of determining the relative wellbore tubular of sleeve pipe in wellbore tubular.Fig. 3 illustrates the example of the electric current on the sleeve pipe 301 that has brought out the magnetic field of being detected by the receiver 311 in wellbore tubular 303.

Fig. 4 illustrates the example embodiment of the instrument 405 that detects the conducting structure in stratum.Instrument 405 can comprise the receiver 410,415 that is chosen as quadrature coil.The receiver 410,415 of instrument 405 can be arranged as crossing coil, and wherein D is receiving coil 410, the distance between 415 center and wellbore tubular 403 center 417, and instrument 405 is arranged in wellbore tubular 403.Article one, coil 410, referred to herein as R _n, can be placed as parallelly with the surface of wellbore tubular 403, and another coil 415, referred to herein as R _t, can be placed as vertical with the surface of wellbore tubular 403.R _nand R _tmeasured value can be embodied as respectively the magnitude of voltage being brought out by normal direction and tangential magnetic field.Employing instrument rotary manipulation, can be converted to measured value the measured value of X and Y-direction.

Fig. 5 illustrates conducting structure 501 and is deployed in the relation between the receiver of the instrument parallel with conducting structure 501 505.Shown in to close be that conducting structure 501 is with respect to the relative bearing of instrument 505.The X-direction in magnetic field and Y-direction component are to be generated at instrument 505 places by the electric current on conducting structure 501.Structure can be embodied as the wellbore tubular that is parallel to sleeve pipe, and its middle sleeve is conducting structure 501, and its position is to be determined.

Tangential and normal direction magnetic field on Fig. 6 has illustrated its deploy body structure surface of instrument 505 of Fig. 5.By following formula, by directions X and Y-direction component, calculate tangential and normal direction magnetic field:

H _t＝-H _xsin(φ _Bin)+H _ycos(φ _Bin) (1a)

H _n＝+H _xcos(φ _Bin)+H _ysin(φ _Bin) (1b)

H wherein _t, H _n, H _xand H _yrepresent tangentially normal direction, the magnetic field of directions X and Y-direction.Angle φ _binrepresent bin angle.For rotatable instrument, be for example arranged in the wellbore tubular of rotation, rotation can be divided into a plurality of rotations of decile 360 degree rotations, and wherein cutting is called bin.For example, the measured value of 360 degree scopes can be divided into 32 bins, and wherein each bin covers 11.25 degree.The quantity of bin is less than or is greater than 32 bins.Can, there is no the in the situation that of rotation operation tool, make the measurement with respect to bin simultaneously.Corresponding tangential and normal direction voltage measuring value V _tand V _ncan be expressed as:

V _t＝-V _xsin(φ _Bin)+V _ycos(φ _Bin) (1c)

V _n＝+V _xcos(φ _Bin)+V _ysin(φ _Bin) (1d)

V wherein _xand V _ythe voltage measuring value that represents respectively directions X and Y-direction coil.Owing to the voltage recording and magnetic field can changing each other, the magnetic field that discussion below can be based on recording, but be also applicable to the magnitude of voltage that records.

Fig. 7 A and 7B illustrate the receiver R of Fig. 4 _tthe tangential measured value of simulation.Fig. 7 A shows that tangential measured value is with respect to the analog result of the bin of the wellbore tubular of no current flows number.Fig. 7 B shows tangential measured value with respect to the analog result of the bin of the wellbore tubular that has current flowing number.Analog magnetic field in Fig. 7 B should be the change of Fig. 7 A, because R _tmeasured value comprise the magnetic field directly being caused by the electric current in wellbore tubular, irrelevant with the anglec of rotation.Curve shown in Fig. 7 A and 7B looks like sinusoidal curve, but is not in fact, because | H _maximum-H _average| be not equal to | H _minimum-H _average|.Difference between two differences can be used for calculating the distance from instrument place structure to conducting structure, for example, distance between from wellbore tubular to sleeve pipe.

Fig. 8 illustrates the measured value with respect to the magnetic field normal component of bin number.R _nmeasured value shows from R _t90 ° of bins of measured value change.Due to R _tthe magnetic field that measured value causes the electric current by wellbore tubular is also insensitive, so R _tmeasured value only reflects conducting structure, such as sleeve pipe.

If obtain the measurement of tangential component, have | H _maximum-H _average| and | H _minimum-H _average| in peaked corresponding bin number point to the direction of conducting structure.Therefore, the direction of conducting structure can be extracted from real-time bin curve.In addition, conducting structure is placed on plane place, and from having minimum R _nthe bin of measured value is to having maximum R _nthe direction of the bin of measured value is vertical.

If the structure of its deploy instrument is not rotated, for example, when instrument slides into well downwards, just can not obtain the curve shape number relative with bin shown in Fig. 8.Yet, if structural electric current is DC (direct current), formula (2a) and (2b) can calculate conducting structure with respect to the position angle of directions X, as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 so.

$\mathrm{\φ}=\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{2}+{\tan }^{-1}\left(\frac{H_y}{H_x}\right),$ For H _x> 0 (2a)

$\mathrm{\φ}=\frac{3\mathrm{\π}}{2}+{\tan }^{-1}\left(\frac{H_y}{H_x}\right),$ For H _y> 0 (2b)

Wherein

H _x＝-H _tsin(φ _Bin)+H _ncos(φ _Bin) (2c)

H _y＝H _tcos(φ _Bin)+H _nsin(φ _Bin) (2d)

If there is no electric current in the structure that comprises instrument, and the electric current on conducting structure is unknown, can use so following formula to calculate the distance from drilling tool to sleeve pipe:

$\mathrm{Dis}=k_1\frac{(1+{\mathrm{\α}}_1)\·D}{1-{\mathrm{\α}}_1}---\left(3a\right)$

$\mathrm{Dis}=k_1\frac{({\mathrm{\α}}_2+1)\·D}{{\mathrm{\α}}_2-1}---\left(3b\right)$

Wherein ${\mathrm{\α}}_1=\mathrm{abs}\left(\frac{H_{\mathrm{Minimum}}}{H_{\mathrm{Maximum}}}\right),$ ${\mathrm{\α}}_2=\mathrm{abs}\left(\frac{H_{\mathrm{Maxmum}}}{H_{\mathrm{Minimum}}}\right)$ And, k ₁for passing through the confirmable constant of calibration.Fig. 9 illustrates for the distance of D=4 inch and the relation between ratio cc, and wherein Fig. 4 illustrates distance D, and α is (1-α ₁) and (α ₂-1) in, be greater than zero that.Figure 10 illustrates actual range and calculates the relation between distance.

If the electric current in known conductive structure (such as sleeve pipe), so definitely the mean value of greatest measurement and minimax measured value can be for calculating distance with following formula:

$\mathrm{Dis}=k_2\frac{I}{H_{\mathrm{average}}}---\left(4\right)$

Wherein, i is the electric current on conducting structure, k ₂for passing through the confirmable constant of calibration.If formula (3) is for calculating distance, and this is apart from substitution formula (4), can calculate the equivalent current on conducting structure:

$I=\frac{k_1}{k_2}\frac{(1+{\mathrm{\α}}_1)\·D}{1-{\mathrm{\α}}_1}{H}_{\mathrm{average}}---\left(5a\right)$

$I=\frac{k_1}{k_2}\frac{(1+{\mathrm{\α}}_2)\·D}{{\mathrm{\α}}_2-1}{H}_{\mathrm{average}}---\left(5b\right)$

Once equivalent current is known, when instrument down sliding and non-rotary time, just can use equivalent current to calculate the distance of conducting structure together with following formula, very slow because the electric current on conducting structure (such as sleeve pipe) can decline:

$\mathrm{Dis}=k_3\frac{I}{H_0}---\left(6\right)$

Wherein or and k ₃for passing through the confirmable constant of calibration.

If its deploy has the structure of instrument to have current flowing, can calculate the distance from structure to conducting structure with following formula:

$\mathrm{Dis}=k_4\frac{(1+{\mathrm{\α}}_1)\·D}{1-{\mathrm{\α}}_1}---\left(7a\right)$

$\mathrm{Dis}=k_4\frac{(1+{\mathrm{\α}}_2)\·D}{{\mathrm{\α}}_2-1}---\left(7b\right)$

Wherein ${\mathrm{\α}}_1=\mathrm{abs}\left(\frac{H_{\mathrm{Minimum}}-H_{\mathrm{Average}}}{H_{\mathrm{Maximum}}-H_{\mathrm{Average}}}\right),$ ${\mathrm{\α}}_2=\mathrm{abs}\left(\frac{H_{\mathrm{Maxmum}}-H_{\mathrm{Average}}}{H_{\mathrm{Minimum}}-H_{\mathrm{Average}}}\right)$ And, k ₄for passing through the confirmable constant of calibration.

In different embodiment, the signal of the reception at the receiving sensor place of instrument can join with the bin angular dependence (-dance) of instrument, the angle of instrument when wherein bin angle is corresponding to collection signal.Can carry out and use the inversion procedure that records parameter that receives bio signal and bin angle, come Core Generator with respect to the position angle of conducting structure.Inverting is the process of finding optimum matching between simulated data and measured value.Carry out refutation process and can comprise use curve fitting function.The example of iunction for curve comprises:

For the measured value of tangential direction, $H_{{\mathrm{\φ}}_{\mathrm{Bin}}}^T=A_T\frac{\cos ({\mathrm{\φ}}_{\mathrm{Bin}}+{\mathrm{\φ}}_0)}{\sqrt{{\mathrm{dis}}^2+D^2-2\·\mathrm{dis}\·D\·\cos ({\mathrm{\φ}}_{\mathrm{Bin}}+{\mathrm{\φ}}_0)}}+B_T,$ And for the measured value of normal direction, $H_{{\mathrm{\φ}}_{\mathrm{Bin}}}^T=A_N\frac{\cos ({\mathrm{\φ}}_{\mathrm{Bin}}+{\mathrm{\φ}}_0)}{\sqrt{{\mathrm{dis}}^2+D^2-2\·\mathrm{dis}\·D\·\cos ({\mathrm{\φ}}_{\mathrm{Bin}}+{\mathrm{\φ}}_0)}}+B_N,$ B wherein _tfor average tangential magnetic field, B _nfor the method for average is to magnetic field, A _tand A _nfor curve coefficient, dis is that instrument is to the distance of conducting structure, φ _binfor bin angle, D is receiving sensor center to the distance being provided with on it between tool construction center of receiver sensor, and φ ₀for the position angle of tool construction with respect to induction structure.Four relevant parameters of the conducting structure to Fig. 5 that can inverting, comprise A, B, dis and position angle φ ₀.For tangential direction measured value, α ₁and α ₂the factor becomes:

${\mathrm{\α}}_1=\mathrm{abs}\left(\frac{{H^T}_{\mathrm{Minimum}}-B_T}{{H^T}_{\max \mathrm{imum}}-B_T}\right),$ ${\mathrm{\α}}_2=\mathrm{abs}\left(\frac{{H^T}_{\mathrm{Maximum}}-B_T}{{H^T}_{\mathrm{inximum}}-B_T}\right)$

Figure 11 illustrates the curve of tangential magnetic field and two bins that normal direction field curve intersects.Article two, curve is by Fig. 7 A and Fig. 8 are plotted on a width figure and are provided.As shown in figure 11, these curves in a figure have shown two two bins that curve intersects at these two bin places.A bin with negative value has 135 ° of bin skews with respect to conducting structure; Have on the occasion of another bin, there is the skew of-45 ° of bins, this is the fast method of determining conducting structure direction.If the measured value in Fig. 7 B is deducted from the mean value of data, and by Drawing of Curve in the identical figure of the curve with Fig. 8, just can obtain and result that Figure 11 is almost identical.

In each embodiment, quadrature coil can be used as receiver and uses, and can measure the tangential and normal direction magnetic field on drilling tool surface.While having current flowing on conducting structure, the method for instruction can be for detection of the position of conducting structure here.Here the method instructed can be for determining that sleeve pipe is with respect to the relative bearing of drilling tool, and can be used for calculating the distance between sleeve pipe and drilling tool.Instrument can rotate use, also can not rotate use (for example instrument is to gliding in well).

Instrument has receiving sensor, be set to for receiving the signal in response to electric current mobile on conducting structure, and instrument has data processing unit, signal based on received is processed magnetic field correlation, thereby determine the position with respect to the conducting structure of tool construction, as described herein or in a similar manner, can adopt based on realization the combination of hardware and software to realize each parts of the system that comprises instrument.These realizations can comprise the machine readable storage device with computer executable instructions, thereby such as the computer readable storage devices with computer executable instructions, obtain signal corresponding to signal receiving in two receiving sensors with instrument under being deployed in earth's surface, these two receiving sensors are arranged as mutually orthogonal; In the signal obtaining, generate the value that magnetic field is relevant; Thereby and process structure that magnetic field correlation determines that two receiving sensors are coupled relevant therefrom in response to electric current mobile on conducting structure, generate the conducting structure position of the signal of reception.Instruction can comprise according to the instruction here uses magnetic field correlation to carry out the instruction of management tool and detection conducting structure.In addition, machine readable storage device is a kind of physical equipment here, the data that storage is represented by device interior physical arrangement.The example of machine readable storage device includes but not limited to ROM (read-only memory) (ROM), random access storage device (RAM), disk storage device, light storage device, flash memory and other electric power, magnetic force and/or optical storage apparatus.

Figure 12 illustrates the block diagram of feature of the exemplary embodiment of system 1200, system 1200 has instrument 1205, configuration has and is arranged as the sensor of determining the conducting structure under earth's surface for the magnetic field correlation measure of the electric current based in response to mobile on conducting structure, and measured value is corresponding with the electric current on conducting structure.Sensor can be arranged as one or more pairs of receiving sensors, and wherein two of each centering receiving sensors can be set to mutually orthogonal.The structure that can adhere to receiving sensor on it can be wellbore tubular.Position conducting structure to be determined comprises the sleeve pipe of well.System 1200 comprises the instrument 1205 of the setting with receiving sensor 1210, can similar or identical mode realize sensor construction discussed herein.Instrument 1205 comprises emitter/receiver 1212, to make other measured values.System 1200 can be configured to according to the instruction here and operates.

System 1200 comprises controller 1225, storer 1230, electronic equipment 1265 and communication unit 1235.Controller 1225, storer 1230 and communication unit 1235 can configure as processing unit operation, thereby control has the operation of the instrument 1205 that receiving sensor 1210 arranges and on the signal of being collected by instrument 1205 executable operations determine that instrument 1205, to the distance of conducting structure (such as sleeve pipe or other pipelines), carries out with similar program described here or identical program.Can realize such processing unit by usage data processing unit 1220, data processing unit 1220 can be embodied as individual unit, or is dispersed in each element of the system 1200 that comprises electronic installation 1265.Controller 1225 and storer 1230 can be used for controlling the selection of receiving sensor 1210 in the startup of emitter/receiver 1212 and instrument 1205, and process management processing scheme according to process of measurement described herein and signal.Thereby controller 1225 controllable current generators 1207 flow electric current on the conducting structure undetermined of position.System 1200 can be configured to according to being similar to structure that Fig. 1-11 are relevant or the mode effect identical with these structures.

Communication unit 1235 can comprise the underground communication of the sensor of placing suitably.This underground communication can comprise remote sensing system.Can not disturb the frequency of ongoing measurement, communication unit 1235 can be used the combination of cable communicating technology and wireless communication technology.

System 1200 also comprises bus 1227, and wherein bus 1227 provides the electrical connection between each element of system 1200.Bus 1227 comprises address bus, data bus and control bus, each separate configurations or adopt integrated form.Can use a large amount of different communication media of a plurality of elements distributions of permission system 1200 to realize bus 1227.By controller 1225, adjusted the use of bus 1227.

In each embodiment, peripheral hardware 1245 can comprise annex memory and/or other opertaing devices, can be in conjunction with controller 1225 and/or storer 1230 operations.In an embodiment, depend on distributed function, controller 1225 is embodied as a processor or one group of processor that can independent operation.Peripheral hardware 1245 can be set to have one or more displays 1255, as a distributed component on earth's surface, thereby the available instruction being stored in storer 1230 makes for realizing user interface monitoring tools 1205 and/or being distributed in the operation of a plurality of elements in system 1200.User interface can be used for input operation ginseng value, so that system 1200 can not have the situation autonomous operation substantially of user intervention.

Figure 13 illustrates the embodiment of the system 1300 at place, well site, wherein system 1300 comprises survey instrument 1305, configuration has sensor and data processing unit, is set to determine the conducting structure under earth's surface for the magnetic field correlation measure of the electric current based in response to mobile on conducting structure.Sensor can be set to one or more pairs of receiving sensors, and wherein two of every centering receiver sensors can be set to mutually orthogonal.The structure of adhering to receiving sensor on it can be wellbore tubular.Position conducting structure undetermined can comprise the sleeve pipe of well.System 1300 comprises having the instrument 1305 that receiver arranges, and control module and data processing unit, can adopt the mode similar or identical with layout discussed here to realize.

System 1300 can comprise the rig 1302 at 1304 places, earth's surface that are positioned at well 1306, and the post of wellbore tubular, and namely drill string 1319, thereby link together, forms the drill string that drops to well or wellhole 1312 by turntable 1307.Rig 1302 can be drill string 1319 and provides support.Drill string 1319 can be used for penetrating turntable 1307, thereby carrys out well bore 1312 by subsurface formations 1314.The bottom hole assembly 1320 that drill string 1319 comprises wellbore tubular 1318 and is positioned at wellbore tubular 1318 bottoms.

Bottom hole assembly 1320 comprises jumping through rings 1315, is attached to the survey instrument 1305 of jumping through rings 1315, and drill bit 1326.Drill bit 1326 can be used for creating wellhole 1312 by penetrating surface 1304 and down-hole formation 1314.Survey instrument 1305 can be configured to measurement while drilling (MWD) system realizing in the well of drilling well, such as well logging while drilling (LWD) system, thereby detects conducting structure (such as sleeve pipe or other conducting structures).The definite of conducting structure position can be used for guiding with respect to the drill-well operation of detected conducting structure.Survey instrument 1305 can be configured to the realization in offshore environment.Shell holds survey instrument 1305 and comprises for gathering the circuit from the response of survey instrument 1305 receivers.These circuit comprise for analyzing the data processing unit by the signal of 1305 sensings of survey instrument, and provide measurement result in the standard traffic mechanism for operating well, for example from instrument 1305 to conducting structure, to distance and the direction on earth's surface.Alternatively, circuit comprises communication interface, and the standard traffic mechanism for operating well, provides the signal by survey instrument sensing to earth's surface, and wherein these signals that sense can be analyzed in the processing unit at place, earth's surface.

In each embodiment, survey instrument 1305 can be included in the tool body 1370 that is coupled to logging cable 1374, such as for example, for the application of rope aspect.The tool body 1370 that comprises survey instrument 1305, can comprise for collecting the circuit of the response of receiver from survey instrument 1305.These circuit can comprise for analyzing the data processing unit of the signal being sensed by survey instrument 1305, and provide measurement result in the standard traffic mechanism for operating well, for example from instrument 1305 to induction structure, to distance and the direction on earth's surface.Alternatively, circuit can comprise communication interface, in the standard traffic mechanism for operating well, the signal of survey instrument 1305 sensings is provided to earth's surface, wherein in the processing unit on earth's surface, analyzes the signal sensing of these collections.Logging cable 1374 can be implemented as rope (many power and communication lines), single line cable (single conductor), and/or slick line (slick line) conductor of power or communication (not for), or for other appropriate configuration in wellhole 1312.

During drill-well operation, can pass through turntable 1307 rotary drill columns 1319.In addition, or alternatively, bottom hole assembly 1320 can also for example, by motor (MTR) rotation that is placed in shaft bottom.Jumping through rings 1315 can be used for increasing the weight of drill bit 1326.Jumping through rings 1315 can also be reinforced bottom hole assembly 1320, thereby bottom hole assembly 1320 is transferred to the weight of increase on drill bit 1326, and sequentially, auxiliary drill bit 1326 penetrates surface 1304 and down-hole formation 1314.

During drill-well operation process, steam piano 1332 can pump drilling fluid (some time be " drilling mud " well known to those skilled in the art), from suction pit 1334, through conveyance conduit 1336, enters wellbore tubular 1318 and enters drill bit 1326 downwards.Drilling fluid can flow out drill bit 1326, and gets back to earth's surface 1304 by the annular region 1340 between wellbore tubular 1318 and wellhole 1312 both sides.Then drilling fluid can get back to suction pit 1334, wherein fluid is filtered.In certain embodiments, drilling fluid can be for cooling drill bit 1326, and the lubricated of drill bit 1326 is provided in drill-well operation process.In addition, drilling fluid also can be used for removing down-hole formation 1314 drilling cuttings that created by work bit 1326.

Although specific embodiment is described and described, yet it will be understood by those skilled in the art that any arrangement here, as long as can reach the specific embodiment of identical object shown in just can replacing through calculating.Different embodiment is used arrangement and/or the merging of embodiment described here.Should be understood that explanation is above only illustrative, rather than restrictive, and the object of the trade terms that used here or scientific and technical terminology is in order to illustrate.Once learning above-mentioned explanation, the combination of above-described embodiment and other embodiment is obvious to those skilled in the art.

Claims (24)

1. a method, comprising:

Obtain be deployed in two receiving sensors of the instrument under earth's surface in the corresponding signal of the signal that receives, described two receiving sensors are set to mutually orthogonal;

From obtained signal, generate magnetic field correlation; And

Thereby process described magnetic field correlation, determine, with respect to described two structures that receiving sensor is coupled, in response to electric current mobile on conducting structure, therefrom generate the position of described conducting structure of the signal of described reception.

2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, processes described magnetic field correlation and comprises that the described magnetic field correlation based on generated calculates the distance of described conducting structure.

3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, processes described magnetic field correlation and comprises that the magnetic field correlation based on produced calculates described instrument with respect to the position angle of described conducting structure.

4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method comprises directly generate electric current on described conducting structure.

5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method comprises with two the mutually orthogonal receiving coils that are oriented to that are arranged on described instrument collects the signal generating from described conducting structure.

6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method comprises:

Along with described instrument rotates to collect the signal of the reception at two receiving sensor places;

The signal of described reception is associated with the bin of described instrument, the angle of the described instrument of described bin when collecting signal;

Collect the additional signal receiving, and the signal of described additional reception is distributed to different bins, each bin is corresponding to the deflection direction of described throw; And

From determining which bin comprises the maximum field correlation of deriving from the signal of the reception of each bin and the maximum value of the difference between average magnetic field correlation, determines the angle position of the structure that described conducting structure is coupled with respect to described two receiving sensors.

7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, determines that the position of described conducting structure is included in the situation that there is no the current value the unknown on electric current and described conducting structure on described tool construction, with respect to the minimum-B configuration H with recording _minimumwith the maximum field H recording _maximumrelevant ratio is determined distance (Dis).

8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, Dis by provide, wherein or wherein D is the distance between the center of the described structure that is coupled of two receiving sensor centers and two receiving sensors, and, k ₁for calibration constants, thereby Dis is by (1-α ₁) and (α ₂-1) in, be greater than zero one determine.

9. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, determines that the position of described conducting structure is included in the situation that has electric current on described tool construction, with respect to the minimum-B configuration H with recording _minimumwith the maximum field H recording _maximumrelevant ratio is determined distance (Dis).

10. method according to claim 9, is characterized in that, Dis by provide, wherein ${\mathrm{\α}}_1=\mathrm{abs}\left(\frac{H_{\mathrm{Minimum}}-H_{\mathrm{Average}}}{H_{\mathrm{Maximum}}-H_{\mathrm{Average}}}\right),$ Or $\mathrm{Dis}=k_4\frac{(1+{\mathrm{\α}}_2)\·D}{{\mathrm{\α}}_2-1},$ Wherein D is the distance between the center of the structure that is coupled of two receiving sensor centers and two receiving sensors, and, k ₄for calibration constants, thereby Dis is by (1-α ₁) and (α ₂-1) in, being greater than zero one determines.

11. methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method comprises:

In the situation of described instrument in non-rotating pattern, be collected in the signal of the reception at two receiving sensor places;

Signal based on receiving generates magnetic field correlation, as the relevant component value of quadrature field; And

With the bin angle of the relevant component value of described quadrature field and the instrument under non-rotating pattern, calculate described conducting structure with respect to the angle position of described instrument.

12. methods according to claim 11, is characterized in that, angle position is for H _x> 0 by provide or for H _y> 0, by determine, wherein H _yand H _xfor y and x magnetic-field component and because becoming in bin angle.

13. methods according to claim 11, is characterized in that, determine that position comprises definite distance (Dis), by provide, wherein and k ₃for calibration constants, H wherein _yand H _xfor y and x magnetic-field component.

14. methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, method comprises:

By the bin angular dependence (-dance) connection of the signal of the reception at two receiving sensor places and described instrument, the angle of the described instrument of described bin angle when collecting signal; And

With the signal receiving record parameter and inversion procedure is carried out at bin angle, thereby generate described instrument with respect to the position angle angle of conducting structure.

15. methods according to claim 14, is characterized in that, carry out described inversion procedure and comprise the measured value use curve fitting function for tangent direction $H_{{\mathrm{\φ}}_{\mathrm{Bin}}}^T=A_T\frac{\cos ({\mathrm{\φ}}_{\mathrm{Bin}}+{\mathrm{\φ}}_0)}{\sqrt{{\mathrm{dis}}^2+D^2-2\·\mathrm{dis}\·D\·\cos ({\mathrm{\φ}}_{\mathrm{Bin}}+{\mathrm{\φ}}_0)}}+B_T,$ And the measured value use curve fitting function for normal direction $H_{{\mathrm{\φ}}_{\mathrm{Bin}}}^T=A_N\frac{\cos ({\mathrm{\φ}}_{\mathrm{Bin}}+{\mathrm{\φ}}_0)}{\sqrt{{\mathrm{dis}}^2+D^2-2\·\mathrm{dis}\·D\·\cos ({\mathrm{\φ}}_{\mathrm{Bin}}+{\mathrm{\φ}}_0)}}+B_N,$ B wherein _tfor average tangential magnetic field, B _nfor the method for average is to magnetic field, A _tand A _nfor curve coefficient, dis is that described instrument is to the distance of described conducting structure, φ _binfor bin angle, D is the distance between the center of the structure that is coupled of two receiving sensor centers and two receiving sensors, and φ ₀for the position angle angle of described tool construction with respect to described conducting structure.

16. methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described conducting structure comprises the sleeve pipe being associated with well, and the described tool construction part that is wellbore tubular.

17. methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described method comprises definite, relative two structures that receiving sensor is coupled, and described conducting structure is coupled, is oriented to the position of the structure parallel with described conducting structure with respect to two receiving sensors.

18. 1 kinds of machine readable storage devices, have instruction stored thereon, and described instruction, when being carried out by machine, can make machine executable operations, and described operation comprises the method described in claim 1 to 17 any one.

19. 1 kinds of systems, comprising:

Two receiving sensors of instrument, be configured to structure and be connected, thereby described structure is deployed on the signal of two receiving sensors under earth's surface for being deployed in acceptance division under earth's surface, it is mutually orthogonal that described two receiving sensors are set to the structure that is coupled with respect to described two receiving sensors; And

Control module, can be used for management in the collection of the signal of the relative reception of described receiving sensor place with mobile on conducting structure under earth's surface electric current; And

Data processing unit, thereby the position of processing the definite described conducting structure of signal of described reception.

20. systems according to claim 19, is characterized in that, system comprises current emission device, thereby electric current is flowed on described conducting structure.

21. systems according to claim 19, it is characterized in that, described data processing unit and control module are for generating magnetic field correlation from the signal of described reception, thereby and process described magnetic field correlation and determined by described magnetic field correlation and the bin angle that is associated with two receiving sensors, the structure being coupled with respect to two receiving sensors, the position of described conducting structure.

22. systems according to claim 19, is characterized in that, described receiving sensor comprises and is set to two mutually orthogonal coils.

23. systems according to claim 19, is characterized in that, described system comprises machine readable storage device, having instruction is stored thereon, when described instruction is carried out by described system, make described system executable operations, described operation comprises the method described in claim 1 to 17 any one.

24. systems according to claim 19, is characterized in that, described two receiving sensors, and control module, and data storage cell is configured for according to any one of claim 1 to 17 and operates.