CN104079222A - Method for smoothing output power of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator - Google Patents
Method for smoothing output power of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for smoothing output power of a direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator. On the premise of conducting direct electric generation through ocean wave energy, the purpose is realized that the power output by the electric generator is enabled to be smooth and steady through the method of adjusting the current iq of a shaft q of the electric generator, instead of additionally arranging electrical energy storage devices required by a regular ocean wave electric generation system. The prediction method of ocean wave heights based on an ARMA model is introduced to the calculation process of the ocean wave energy, the magnitude of the current iq of the shaft q of the electric generator is properly adjusted according to the work efficiency of the ocean wave electric generator, so that the process of converting the ocean wave energy into electric energy is enabled to be smooth and steady, and thus it is guaranteed that the output power of the ocean wave electric generator is enabled to be smooth and steady. According to the method for smoothing the output power of the direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator, on the one hand, the electrical energy storage devices required by the regular ocean wave electric generation system are omitted, and thus input cost is greatly reduced, on the other hand, the electrical energy quality output by the ocean wave electric generation system is improved, and the operation performance of parallel grid power transmission of a direct-drive type ocean wave electric generation system is improved.
Description
Technical field
A kind of steady method that the present invention relates to direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator power output, belongs to regenerable marine energy generation technology.
Background technology
Ocean wave energy derives from solar energy, belongs to clean reproducible energy.Reasonably, development and utilization ocean wave energy efficiently, for health and the sustainable development of marine economy, alleviate global energy shortage, significant.
According to the kinetic characteristic of ocean wave, same ripple particle is different at wave energy in the same time not.Therefore, ocean wave electric generator is converting ocean wave energy in the process of electric energy, and its power output right and wrong stably.In order to suppress the non-stationary of ocean wave electric generator power output, and consider the power of ocean wave electric generator output to carry out grid-connected transmission, current study hotspot is to adopt electric energy energy storage device to carry out the steady output of power.But the cost of electric energy energy storage device is higher, particularly for fairly large electricity generation by sea waves system, increase the great number input that electric energy energy storage device also just means overall cost.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of steady method of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator power output, do not increasing under the prerequisite of electric energy energy storage device, by adjusting direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator q shaft current i
qsize, make the power output of ocean wave electric generator reach steady.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A steady method for direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator power output, comprises the steps:
(1) adopt the ocean wave wave height Forecasting Methodology based on arma modeling (autoregressive moving-average model), the real-time estimate prediction data sequence of the interior ocean wave wave height of section sometime in future, analyzes ocean wave wave height variation tendency;
(2) according to the predicting the outcome of step (1), the Real-Time Ocean wave energy that in this time period of predict future, direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator can be caught;
(3), according to the predicting the outcome of step (2), in conjunction with the operation characteristic of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator, adjust direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator q shaft current i
qsize, make the power output of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator reach steady.
Concrete, in described step (1), the ocean wave wave height Forecasting Methodology based on arma modeling, specifically comprises the steps:
(11) utilize wave-height sensing device to gather historical data and the current data of ocean wave wave height, form one group of data sequence with time sequencing;
(12) data sequence collecting is carried out to calculus of differences, eliminate the not steady tendency of data sequence, the change procedure that makes data sequence is stationary process;
(13) data sequence after calculus of differences is carried out to standardization, make between data sequence, to there is regularity and comparativity;
(14) auto-correlation coefficient of normalized data sequence after treatment and partial correlation coefficient, auto-correlation coefficient can embody the inherent characteristic of data sequence formation pattern, partial correlation coefficient can be analyzed the truncation of data sequence, sets up the arma modeling with certain Autoregressive and rolling average exponent number by auto-correlation coefficient and partial correlation coefficient;
(15) by the arma modeling predict future prediction data sequence of the interior ocean wave wave height of section sometime of setting up.
Concrete, in described step (11), utilize wave-height sensing device to gather historical data and the current data of ocean wave wave height, wherein the frequency acquisition of wave-height sensing device is wanted suitably, generally the frequency acquisition of wave-height sensing device is not less than 20Hz, only have enough historical ocean wave wave height data and the current ocean wave wave height data of collection in the unit interval, can be more exactly, the predict future prediction data sequence of ocean wave wave height in section sometime effectively, thereby provide reference frame for the optimal control of electricity generation by sea waves system.
Concrete, in described step (12), the computing formula of calculus of differences is H (n)=X (n)-X (n-1), wherein X (n) is n element in data sequence, the number that N is data sequence, n=1,2 ..., N; N is greater than zero suitable integer, and N is larger, utilize arma modeling predict future sometime in section the prediction data sequence of ocean wave wave height more accurate.
Concrete, in described step (12), in order to ensure the stationarity of data sequence, need to carry out calculus of differences twice to data sequence.
Concrete, in described step (13), the computing formula of standardization is B (n)=(H (n)-U
x)/m, wherein U
xfor the mean value of data sequence,
Concrete, in described step (14): the computing formula of auto-correlation coefficient is
wherein
for the Autoregressive coefficient of arma modeling, the Autoregressive that p is arma modeling; Partial correlation coefficient obtains by solving Yale-Watts Wacker (Yule-Walker) equation group, obtains the rolling average exponent number coefficient θ of arma modeling in conjunction with partial correlation coefficient
j(j=1,2 ..., q) and the rolling average exponent number q of arma modeling.
Concrete, in described step (14): first according to the auto-correlation coefficient of data sequence and partial correlation coefficient, can analyze the truncation of data sequence, and then Autoregressive and the rolling average exponent number of arma modeling according to a preliminary estimate; Then utilize least square method and AIC (Akaike information criterion) criterion finally to determine Autoregressive and the rolling average exponent number of arma modeling.
Concrete, in described step (15): by the arma modeling predict future prediction data sequence of the interior ocean wave wave height of section sometime of setting up, the formula of concrete foundation is
wherein ε
tfor error term independently, W
tfor the prediction data sequence of ocean wave wave height in section sometime in future of steady, normal state and zero-mean.
Concrete, in described step (2), the Real-Time Ocean wave energy that in this time period of predict future, direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator can be caught, wherein the size of the ocean wave energy of unit are is E
t=ρ gW
t 2/ 16, ρ is the density of ocean wave, and g is acceleration of gravity.
Concrete, in described step (3), in conjunction with the operation characteristic of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator, adjust direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator q shaft current i
qsize, according to being
e
gfor the real-time stabilization electric energy of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator output, ψ is the magnetic linkage of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator, and τ is the pole span of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator.Because ψ and τ are known fixed value, therefore, can be by adjusting direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator q shaft current i
qsize, impel direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator power output to reach object stably.
Beneficial effect: the steady method of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator power output provided by the invention, ocean wave energy being directly changed under the precondition of electric energy, does not increase electric energy energy storage device, by adjusting direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator q shaft current i
qsize, the power output of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator is reached steadily, thereby is conducive to the stability transmission of electric energy; The technical solution used in the present invention, the cost that has reduced on the one hand electricity generation by sea waves system drops into, and has strengthened the electric energy output quality of electricity generation by sea waves system on the one hand, and has improved the runnability that direct-drive type electricity generation by sea waves system is carried out grid-connected transmission of electricity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator;
Fig. 2 is the structure cutaway view of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator;
Fig. 3 is the steady control strategy of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator power output;
Fig. 4 is the ocean wave wave height Forecasting Methodology flow chart based on arma modeling;
Fig. 5 is unit are ocean wave energy-wave height curve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
Be a kind of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprise the outer floating drum 2 of annular, columniform interior floating drum 3, the linear electric motors that formed by mover 5 and stator 6, outer floating drum 2 is sleeved on the outside of interior floating drum 3, the top of floating drum 2 is fixed with triangular platform 4 outside, mover 5 is fixing by rigidity connecting rod and triangular platform 4, and stator 6 is fixed on interior floating drum 3 inner sides.Under the effect of ocean wave 1, according to ocean wave kinetic theory, outer floating drum 2 can do along with the fluctuating of ocean wave the reciprocating motion of vertical direction, and that interior floating drum 3 is similar to is static, produces relative motion between outer like this floating drum 2 and interior floating drum 3; Meanwhile, mover 5 and stator 6 also can produce relative motion, finally produce electric energy.Because direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator is wave energy being converted in the process of electric energy,, through other intermediate transfer link, so both do not reduce the loss in energy transfer process, the cost that has also reduced system configuration drops into.
Fig. 3 is the stationary policy of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator power output provided by the invention, comprises the steps:
(1) adopt ocean wave wave height Forecasting Methodology based on arma modeling, in 1～2 second future of real-time estimate, the prediction data sequence of ocean wave wave height, analyzes ocean wave wave height variation tendency;
(2) according to the predicting the outcome of step (1), the Real-Time Ocean wave energy that in predict future 1～2 second, direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator can be caught;
(3), according to the predicting the outcome of step (2), in conjunction with the operation characteristic of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator, adjust direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator q shaft current i
qsize, make the power output of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator reach steady.
As shown in Figure 4, in described step (1), the ocean wave wave height Forecasting Methodology based on arma modeling, specifically comprises the steps:
(11) utilize wave-height sensing device to gather historical data and the current data of ocean wave wave height, form one group of data sequence with time sequencing;
(12) data sequence collecting is carried out to calculus of differences, eliminate the not steady tendency of data sequence, the change procedure that makes data sequence is stationary process;
(13) data sequence after calculus of differences is carried out to standardization, make between data sequence, to there is regularity and comparativity;
(14) auto-correlation coefficient of normalized data sequence after treatment and partial correlation coefficient, auto-correlation coefficient can embody the inherent characteristic of data sequence formation pattern, partial correlation coefficient can be analyzed the truncation of data sequence, sets up the arma modeling with certain Autoregressive and rolling average exponent number by auto-correlation coefficient and partial correlation coefficient;
(15) by the arma modeling predict future prediction data sequence of the interior ocean wave wave height of section sometime of setting up.
Concrete, in described step (11), utilize wave-height sensing device to gather historical data and the current data of ocean wave wave height, wherein the frequency acquisition of wave-height sensing device is wanted suitably, generally the frequency acquisition of wave-height sensing device is not less than 20Hz, only have enough historical ocean wave wave height data and the current ocean wave wave height data of collection in the unit interval, can be more exactly, the predict future prediction data sequence of ocean wave wave height in section sometime effectively, thereby provide reference frame for the optimal control of electricity generation by sea waves system.
Concrete, in described step (12), the computing formula of calculus of differences is H (n)=X (n)-X (n-1), wherein X (n) is n element in data sequence, the number that N is data sequence, n=1,2 ..., N; N is greater than zero suitable integer, and N is larger, utilize arma modeling predict future sometime in section the prediction data sequence of ocean wave wave height more accurate.In order to ensure the stationarity of data sequence, need to carry out calculus of differences twice to data sequence.
Concrete, in described step (13), the computing formula of standardization is B (n)=(H (n)-U
x)/m, wherein U
xfor the mean value of data sequence,
Concrete, in described step (14): the computing formula of auto-correlation coefficient is
wherein
for the Autoregressive coefficient of arma modeling, the Autoregressive that p is arma modeling; Partial correlation coefficient obtains by solving Yale-Watts Wacker (Yule-Walker) equation group, obtains the rolling average exponent number coefficient θ of arma modeling in conjunction with partial correlation coefficient
j(j=1,2 ..., q) and the rolling average exponent number q of arma modeling.According to the auto-correlation coefficient of data sequence and partial correlation coefficient, can analyze the truncation of data sequence, and then Autoregressive and the rolling average exponent number of arma modeling according to a preliminary estimate; Then utilize least square method and AIC (Akaike information criterion) criterion finally to determine Autoregressive and the rolling average exponent number of arma modeling.
Concrete, in described step (15): by the arma modeling predict future prediction data sequence of the interior ocean wave wave height of section sometime of setting up, the formula of concrete foundation is
wherein ε
tfor error term independently, W
tfor the prediction data sequence of ocean wave wave height in section sometime in future of steady, normal state and zero-mean.
Concrete, in described step (2), the Real-Time Ocean wave energy that in this time period of predict future, direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator can be caught, wherein the size of the ocean wave energy of unit are is E
t=ρ gW
t 2/ 16, ρ is the density of ocean wave, and g is acceleration of gravity.
Concrete, in described step (3), in conjunction with the operation characteristic of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator, adjust direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator q shaft current i
qsize, be specially: first in conjunction with the operating efficiency of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator, the real-time stabilization electric energy that can calculate direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator output is E
g=E
t× d
1% × d
2%, wherein d
1the operating efficiency at t moment direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator, d
2the efficiency that ocean wave energy converts electric energy to; Again according to being
ψ is the magnetic linkage of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator, and τ is the pole span of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator.Because ψ and τ are known fixed value, therefore, can be by adjusting direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator q shaft current i
qsize, impel direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator power output to reach object stably.
When work, direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator is connected to inner DC bus by rectifier (AC-DC) respectively, and inner DC bus is connected to electric power transmission network by inverter (DC-AC) again.Wherein, rectifier (AC-DC) and inverter (DC-AC) all adopt decoupling control policy; The inverter (DC-AC) of power transmission network side is in order to ensure the constant of DC capacitor voltage and electric power transmission network voltage; Direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator q shaft current i
qthe object of controller is realize output of a generator steady.
In sum, this case, ocean wave energy being directly changed under the precondition of electric energy, does not increase electric energy energy storage device, by adjusting direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator q shaft current i
qsize, the power output of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator is reached steadily, thereby is conducive to the stability transmission of electric energy.The technical scheme that this case adopts, the cost that has reduced on the one hand electricity generation by sea waves system drops into, and has strengthened the electric energy output quality of electricity generation by sea waves system on the one hand, and has improved the runnability that direct-drive type electricity generation by sea waves system is carried out grid-connected transmission of electricity.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a steady method for direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator power output, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) adopt the ocean wave wave height Forecasting Methodology based on arma modeling, the real-time estimate prediction data sequence of the interior ocean wave wave height of section sometime in future, analyzes ocean wave wave height variation tendency;
(2) according to the predicting the outcome of step (1), the Real-Time Ocean wave energy that in this time period of predict future, direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator can be caught;
(3), according to the predicting the outcome of step (2), in conjunction with the operation characteristic of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator, adjust direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator q shaft current i
qsize, make the power output of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator reach steady.
2. the steady method of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator power output according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (1), the ocean wave wave height Forecasting Methodology based on arma modeling, specifically comprises the steps:
(11) utilize wave-height sensing device to gather historical data and the current data of ocean wave wave height, form one group of data sequence with time sequencing;
(12) data sequence collecting is carried out to calculus of differences, eliminate the not steady tendency of data sequence, the change procedure that makes data sequence is stationary process;
(13) data sequence after calculus of differences is carried out to standardization, make between data sequence, to there is regularity and comparativity;
(14) auto-correlation coefficient of normalized data sequence after treatment and partial correlation coefficient, auto-correlation coefficient can embody the inherent characteristic of data sequence formation pattern, partial correlation coefficient can be analyzed the truncation of data sequence, sets up the arma modeling with certain Autoregressive and rolling average exponent number by auto-correlation coefficient and partial correlation coefficient;
(15) by the arma modeling predict future prediction data sequence of the interior ocean wave wave height of section sometime of setting up.
3. the steady method of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator power output according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described step (12), the computing formula of calculus of differences is H (n)=X (n)-X (n-1), wherein X (n) is n element in data sequence, N is the number of data sequence, n=1,2,, N; In order to ensure the stationarity of data sequence, need to carry out calculus of differences twice to data sequence.
4. the steady method of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator power output according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in described step (13), the computing formula of standardization is B (n)=(H (n)-U
x)/m, wherein U
xfor the mean value of data sequence,
5. the steady method of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator power output according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in described step (14): auto-correlation coefficient ρ
kcomputing formula be
wherein
for the Autoregressive coefficient of arma modeling, the Autoregressive that p is arma modeling, i=1,2 ..., p; Partial correlation coefficient obtains by solving Yale-Watts Wacker equation group, obtains the rolling average exponent number coefficient θ of arma modeling in conjunction with partial correlation coefficient
jwith the rolling average exponent number q of arma modeling, j=1,2 ..., q.
6. the steady method of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator power output according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in described step (14): first according to the auto-correlation coefficient of data sequence and partial correlation coefficient, can analyze the truncation of data sequence, and then Autoregressive and the rolling average exponent number of arma modeling according to a preliminary estimate; Then utilize least square method and AIC criterion finally to determine Autoregressive and the rolling average exponent number of arma modeling.
7. the steady method of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator power output according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: in described step (15): by the arma modeling predict future prediction data sequence of the interior ocean wave wave height of section sometime of setting up, the formula of concrete foundation is
wherein ε
tfor error term independently, W
tfor the prediction data sequence of ocean wave wave height in section sometime in future of steady, normal state and zero-mean.
8. the steady method of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator power output according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (2), the Real-Time Ocean wave energy that in this time period of predict future, direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator can be caught, wherein the size of the ocean wave energy of unit are is E
t=ρ gW
t 2/ 16, ρ is the density of ocean wave, and g is acceleration of gravity.
9. the steady method of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator power output according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), in conjunction with the operation characteristic of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator, adjust direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator q shaft current i
qsize, according to being
e
gfor the real-time stabilization electric energy of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator output, ψ is the magnetic linkage of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator, and τ is the pole span of direct-drive type ocean wave electric generator.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108301963A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-07-20 | 东南大学 | A kind of ocean wave power generation device control method based on moving average analysis model |
Citations (1)
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| US5225726A (en) * | 1990-09-17 | 1993-07-06 | Maglev Technology, Inc. | Linear synchronous motor having enhanced levitational forces |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5225726A (en) * | 1990-09-17 | 1993-07-06 | Maglev Technology, Inc. | Linear synchronous motor having enhanced levitational forces |
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| WU FENG等: "Modeling, Control Strategy, and Power Conditioning for Direct-Drive Wave Energy Conversion to Operate With Power Grid", 《PROCEEDINGS OF IEEE》, vol. 101, no. 4, 30 April 2013 (2013-04-30), XP 011497222, DOI: doi:10.1109/JPROC.2012.2235811 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108301963A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-07-20 | 东南大学 | A kind of ocean wave power generation device control method based on moving average analysis model |
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