CN104076343A - Satellite-borne three-channel SAR-GMTI self-adaptive clutter suppression method - Google Patents

Satellite-borne three-channel SAR-GMTI self-adaptive clutter suppression method Download PDF

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CN104076343A
CN104076343A CN201410290129.0A CN201410290129A CN104076343A CN 104076343 A CN104076343 A CN 104076343A CN 201410290129 A CN201410290129 A CN 201410290129A CN 104076343 A CN104076343 A CN 104076343A
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range
unit
target
doppler
frequency
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CN104076343B (en
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王彤
李永康
张颖
吴建新
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Xidian University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/89Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S13/90Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
    • G01S13/9021SAR image post-processing techniques
    • G01S13/9029SAR image post-processing techniques specially adapted for moving target detection within a single SAR image or within multiple SAR images taken at the same time
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/28Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/285Receivers
    • G01S7/292Extracting wanted echo-signals
    • G01S7/2923Extracting wanted echo-signals based on data belonging to a number of consecutive radar periods
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/89Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S13/90Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/28Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/285Receivers
    • G01S7/292Extracting wanted echo-signals
    • G01S7/2923Extracting wanted echo-signals based on data belonging to a number of consecutive radar periods
    • G01S7/2928Random or non-synchronous interference pulse cancellers

Abstract

The invention discloses a satellite-borne three-channel SAR-GMTI self-adaptive clutter suppression method and relates to self-adaptive clutter suppression. The method comprises the first step of obtaining distance Doppler domain target echo signals after distance compression, the second step of obtaining distance Doppler domain echo signals after distance compression, the third step of obtaining data X1 of a first distance unit to be detected of three channels, the fourth step of obtaining data of multiple Doppler units subjected to self-adaptive clutter suppression in the first distance unit to be detected, and the fifth step of making the number l of the distance unit to be detected to be increased by one, repeating the second step, the third step and the fourth step until l is equal to L, namely completing clutter suppression of L distance units, and then outputting data Y of the L distance units subjected to clutter suppression. The satellite-borne three-channel SAR-GMTI self-adaptive clutter suppression method is used for suppressing ground clutter received by a three-channel SAR-GMTI system.

Description

Spaceborne triple channel SAR-GMTI self-adapting clutter inhibition method
Technical field
The invention belongs to Radar Technology field, relating to self-adapting clutter suppresses, a kind of spaceborne triple channel synthetic-aperture radar (Synthetic Aperture Radar specifically, SAR)-ground moving object detects (Ground Moving Target Indication, GMTI) self-adapting clutter inhibition method, the land clutter receiving for suppressing triple channel SAR-GMTI system.
Background technology
The proposition of synthetic aperture concept and the invention of SAR are important breakthroughs in twentieth century Radar Technology development history.SAR obtains the upper high resolution capacity of distance by the large bandwidth signal of transmitting, relies on the relative motion between Texas tower and target to form large synthetic aperture, thereby obtains the high resolution capacity in orientation.The high-resolution acquisition of distance and bearing make SAR can be round-the-clock, round-the-clock, obtain the wide swath two dimensional image that is similar to optical imagery at a distance, greatly improved the information obtaining ability of radar.In view of above advantage, SAR has obtained paying close attention to widely and applying in recent years.Wherein, spaceborne triple channel SAR-GMTI system becomes a study hotspot because of its vital role in traffic monitoring and battle reconnaissance.
For satellite-borne SAR-GMTI system, because radar is operated in down the state of looking, in echo, inevitably comprise a large amount of land clutters, and the frequency spectrum of land clutter may with the spectrum overlapping of target, thereby target may be flooded by clutter doughtily, thereby have a strong impact on the detection of satellite-borne SAR-GMTI system to target.For addressing the above problem, need to invent effective clutter suppression method and suppress land clutter, the detection performance of raising system to target.
Displaced phase center antenna (Displaced Phase Centre Antenna, DPCA) technology is one of two the most frequently used passage SAR-GMTI technology, and this technology is by subtracting each other two width images between two and carry out clutter reduction.But DPCA technology is for two passage SAR-GMTI systems.In the time that SAR-GMTI system channel number is greater than two, DPCA technology can not accumulate the energy of echo signal completely.In addition,, because DPCA technology is only utilized two degree of freedom and carried out clutter reduction, it is very limited that clutter suppresses ability.Therefore,, for hyperchannel SAR-GMTI system, DPCA technology is not optimum.For addressing the above problem, the people such as Ender, Cerutti-Maori of German high-energy physics and Radar Technology research institute has proposed the hyperchannel SAR-GMTI method suppressing based on self-adapting clutter, and the method is carried out self-adapting clutter inhibition at range-Dopler domain.Inventor's discovery, said method has been ignored the correlativity of adjacent Doppler's cell data, thereby has limited the clutter rejection of hyperchannel SAR-GMTI system, and then has limited the detectability of system to target.
Summary of the invention
For the shortcoming of above-mentioned hyperchannel SAR-GMTI range-Dopler domain self-adapting clutter inhibition method, the present invention proposes a kind of spaceborne triple channel SAR-GMTI self-adapting clutter inhibition method, the method is combined two adjacent Doppler's cell datas at range-Dopler domain to each Doppler's cell data and is carried out self-adapting clutter inhibition.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
A kind of spaceborne triple channel SAR-GMTI self-adapting clutter inhibition method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, sets up target original echoed signals model, obtains frequency of distance territory target echo signal according to target original echoed signals; According to frequency of distance territory target echo signal structure frequency of distance territory Range compress wave filter; Obtain the range-Dopler domain target echo signal after Range compress according to frequency of distance territory target echo signal and frequency of distance territory Range compress wave filter;
Step 2, spaceborne triple channel SAR-GMTI system receives triple channel original echoed signals, the triple channel original echoed signals receiving is carried out respectively to distance and obtain frequency of distance territory echoed signal to Fourier transform, carry out respectively Range compress according to the frequency of distance territory Range compress wave filter frequency field echoed signal of adjusting the distance again, obtain Range compress echoed signal afterwards, and the echoed signal after Range compress is transformed to range-Dopler domain, obtain the range-Dopler domain echoed signal after Range compress;
Step 3 is taken out the data x of No. l range unit to be detected from the range-Dopler domain echoed signal the compression of each channel distance l,i, i represents channel position, i=1, and 2,3, l=1 ..., L, L is the number that need to carry out the range unit of target detection, the data X of the three passages No. l range unit to be detected lbe expressed as:
X l=[x l,1,x l,2,x l,3]
Wherein, x l, 1be the data of the 1st passage l range unit, x l, 2be the data of the 2nd passage l range unit, x l, 3be the data of the 3rd passage l range unit, x l, 1, x l, 2and x l, 3dimension is K × 1, and K is the number that need to carry out the Doppler unit of target detection;
Step 4, at the data X of No. l range unit to be detected of three passages lin, data vector z while building data empty of three adjacent Doppler unit l,k; Steering vector D when the target of three adjacent Doppler unit of range-Dopler domain target echo signal after the Range compress obtaining according to step 1 again structure empty l,k; Steering vector D during according to the target of three adjacent Doppler unit empty l,ksolve weight vector w l,k; Exploitation right vector w l,kdata vector z during to sky l,kcarry out self-adapting clutter inhibition, obtain k Doppler unit of No. l range unit to be detected self-adapting clutter suppress after data y l,k; Complete again No. l each Doppler of range unit to be detected unit self-adapting clutter suppress after data y l=[y l, 1, y l, 2..., y l,K] t;
Step 5, makes the number l of range unit to be detected increase by 1, and repeating step 2~4, until l equals L, completes L range unit clutter and suppresses, and exports the data Y after L range unit clutter suppresses, Y=[y 1, y 2... y l, y l].
The feature of technique scheme and further improvement are:
(1) step 1 comprises following sub-step:
1a) target is expressed as to the instantaneous distance of i passage:
R i ( t a ) = ( y 0 + v y t a ) 2 + [ v x t a - v a t a + ( i - 1 ) d ] 2 - - - ( 1 )
Wherein, v xfor target azimuth is to speed, v yfor target range is to speed, y 0for slow time t athe ordinate of=0 o'clock target, i=1,2,3.
The target original echoed signals that i passage receives is expressed as:
s i ( t r , t a ) = A 0 w a ( t a ) w r ( t r - 2 R i ( t a ) c ) exp { - j 4 π f c R i ( t a ) c + j πK r ( t r - 2 R i ( t a ) c ) 2 } - - - ( 2 )
Wherein, A 0for the complex constant of reflection moving-target scattered power, t rfor the fast time, c is the light velocity, w a(t a) be orientation envelope, w r(t r) be apart from envelope, f cfor carrier frequency, K rfor the frequency modulation rate that system transmits, t afor slow time, i=1,2,3.
1b) according to formula (2), obtain frequency of distance territory target echo signal, expression formula is:
s i ( f r , t a ) = A 0 w a ( t a ) W r ( f r ) exp { - j 4 π ( f r + f c ) c R i ( t a ) } exp { - j π f r 2 K r } - - - ( 3 )
Wherein, f rfor frequency of distance, t afor slow time, W r(f r) be frequency of distance envelope, f cfor carrier frequency, K rfor the frequency modulation rate that system transmits, A 0for the complex constant of reflection moving-target scattered power, c is the light velocity, w a(t a) be orientation envelope.
1c) according to the expression formula of frequency of distance territory target echo signal, structure frequency of distance territory Range compress wave filter is:
H r ( f r ) = exp { j π f r 2 K r } - - - ( 4 )
Wherein, f rfor frequency of distance, K rthe frequency modulation rate transmitting for system.
1d) utilize the Range compress wave filter frequency field target echo signal of adjusting the distance in frequency of distance territory to carry out Range compress, obtain Range compress target echo signal afterwards, according to formula (3) and formula (2), the target echo signal expression formula after Range compress is:
s i , rc ( f r , t a ) = s i ( f r , t a ) H r ( f r ) = A 0 w a ( t a ) W r ( f r ) exp { - j 4 π ( f r + f c ) c R i ( t a ) } - - - ( 5 )
Wherein, f rfor frequency of distance, t afor slow time, W r(f r) be frequency of distance envelope, f cfor carrier frequency, K rfor the frequency modulation rate that system transmits, A 0for the complex constant of reflection moving-target scattered power, c is the light velocity, w a(t a) be orientation envelope.
The target echo signal of 1e) adjusting the distance after compression carries out distance to inverse Fourier transform and orientation to Fourier transform, obtain the range-Dopler domain target echo signal after Range compress, the expression formula of the range-Dopler domain target echo signal after Range compress:
s i , rc ( t r , f a ) = A 0 sin c { B [ t r - y 0 c ( 2 + λ 2 f a 2 - 4 v y 2 4 ( v a - v x ) 2 ) ] } W a ( f a + 2 v y λ ) exp { j πλ y 0 2 ( v a - v x ) 2 ( f a + 2 v y λ ) 2 } × exp { - j 2 πd ( i - 1 ) v a - v x ( f a + 2 v y λ ) } exp { - j 4 π λ y 0 } - - - ( 6 )
Wherein, t rfor the fast time, B is the bandwidth transmitting, A 0for the complex constant of reflection moving-target scattered power, c is the light velocity, f afor Doppler frequency, W a(f a) be Doppler frequency envelope, λ is signal wavelength, v afor Texas tower speed, v xfor target azimuth is to speed, v yfor target range is to speed, y 0for slow time t athe ordinate of=0 o'clock target, the spacing of the displaced phase center that d is adjacency channel.
(2) step 4 comprises following sub-step:
4a) at the data X of No. l range unit to be detected of three passages lin, data vector z when the data of selection k-1, k and k+1 Doppler unit form sky l,k:
z l , k = [ x l , 1 ( f a k - 1 ) , x l , 2 ( f a k - 1 ) , x l , 3 ( f a k - 1 ) , x l , 1 ( f a k ) , x l , 2 ( f a k ) , x l , 3 ( f a k ) , x l , 1 ( f a k + 1 ) , x l , 2 ( f a k + 1 ) , x l , 3 ( f a k + 1 ) ] T - - - ( 7 )
Wherein, represent the data of the 1st k Doppler unit of passage l range unit, represent the data of the 2nd k Doppler unit of passage l range unit, represent the data of the 3rd k Doppler unit of passage l range unit, represent the Doppler frequency of k Doppler unit, subscript trepresent non-conjugated transposition, k-1, k and k+1 Doppler unit is three adjacent Doppler unit.
4b) according to the expression formula of range-Dopler domain target echo signal (6), steering vector D when structure is positioned at target empty of l range unit k-1, k and k+1 Doppler unit l,k:
D l , k = [ s l ( f a k - 1 ) , s l ( f a k ) , s l ( f a k + 1 ) ] T - - - ( 8 )
Wherein, it is the steering vector of the target of k Doppler unit of l range unit; it is the steering vector of the target of k-1 Doppler unit of l range unit; it is the steering vector of the target of k+1 Doppler unit of l range unit; expression formula is:
s l ( f a k ) = exp { j π r l λ 2 ( v a - v x ) 2 ( f a k + 2 v y λ ) 2 } × [ 1 , exp { - j 2 πd v a - v x ( f a k + 2 v y λ ) } , exp { - j 4 πd v a - v x ( f a k + 2 v y λ ) } ] T - - - ( 9 )
Wherein, represent the Doppler frequency of k Doppler unit, λ is signal wavelength, v afor Texas tower speed, v xfor target azimuth is to speed, v yfor target range is to speed, the spacing of the displaced phase center that d is adjacency channel.
4c) solve weight vector w by solving following formula (10) l,k, obtain
Wherein, be the covariance matrix of k Doppler unit, d l,ksteering vector while being target empty of l range unit k-1, k and k+1 Doppler unit, represent the data of the 1st k Doppler unit of passage l range unit, represent the data of the 2nd k Doppler unit of passage l range unit, represent the data of the 3rd k Doppler unit of passage l range unit.
4d) exploitation right vector w l,kdata vector z during to sky l,kcarry out self-adapting clutter inhibition:
y l , k = w l , k H z l , k - - - ( 11 )
Wherein, y l,kbe k Doppler unit of No. l range unit to be detected self-adapting clutter suppress after data, w l,kfor weight vector, subscript hrepresent conjugate transpose.
4e) make k increase by 1, repeating step 4a)~4d), until k equals K, K is the number that need to carry out the Doppler unit of target detection, obtain No. l each Doppler of range unit to be detected unit self-adapting clutter suppress after data: y l=[y l, 1, y l, 2..., y l,K] t.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1) the present invention has considered the coherence of adjacent Doppler's channel data, and the data acquisition of each Doppler unit is carried out to self-adapting clutter inhibition by the method for data of adjacent two the Doppler unit of associating, can better clutter reduction;
2) the present invention can accumulate the energy of the signal of all passages completely, and the output letter miscellaneous noise ratio that the system that can significantly improve is final, is conducive to the detection performance of raising system to target;
4) the present invention adopts adaptive method to carry out clutter inhibition, can adapt to internal motion and the system channel mismatch of clutter, and the scope of application is wider.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is realization flow figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is how much of the spaceborne triple channel SAR-GMTI systematic observations of oblique distance plane; Wherein horizontal ordinate represent orientation to, ordinate represent oblique distance to;
Fig. 3 is the simulation result figure that after Range compress, clutter suppresses front distance Doppler domain data; Wherein horizontal ordinate represents range gate, and ordinate represents Doppler frequency;
Fig. 4 carries out by the technology of the present invention the simulation result figure that clutter suppresses rear range Doppler numeric field data; Wherein horizontal ordinate represents range gate, and ordinate represents Doppler frequency;
Fig. 5 is range-Dopler domain clutter inhibition comparison diagram; Wherein horizontal ordinate represents Doppler frequency, and ordinate represents clutter rejection ratio.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, spaceborne triple channel SAR-GMTI self-adapting clutter inhibition method of the present invention is described, the land clutter receiving for suppressing triple channel SAR-GMTI system, its concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1, sets up target original echoed signals model, obtains frequency of distance territory target echo signal according to target original echoed signals; According to frequency of distance territory target echo signal structure frequency of distance territory Range compress wave filter; Obtain the range-Dopler domain target echo signal after Range compress according to frequency of distance territory target echo signal and frequency of distance territory Range compress wave filter.
How much of spaceborne triple channel SAR-GMTI systematic observations of oblique distance plane are as shown in Figure 2: the spacing of the displaced phase center between passage 1 and passage 2 is d, and the spacing of the displaced phase center between passage 2 and passage 3 is d, and Texas tower speed is v a.When system works, passage 2 transmits.While receiving signal, three passages receive simultaneously.At slow time t a=0 o'clock, the coordinate of passage 1 displaced phase center was (0,0), the coordinate of passage 2 displaced phase centers be (0 ,-d), the coordinate of passage 3 displaced phase centers is (0 ,-2d), the coordinate of target is (0, y 0).Target uniform motion, and along orientation to speed be v x, along distance to speed be v y.
Convenient for derivation below, provide target original echoed signals model below.
1a) target is expressed as to the instantaneous distance of i passage:
R i ( t a ) = ( y 0 + v y t a ) 2 + [ v x t a - v a t a + ( i - 1 ) d ] 2 - - - ( 1 )
Wherein, v xfor target azimuth is to speed, v yfor target range is to speed, y 0for slow time t athe ordinate of=0 o'clock target, i represents channel position, i=1,2,3.
The target original echoed signals that i passage receives is expressed as:
s i ( t r , t a ) = A 0 w a ( t a ) w r ( t r - 2 R i ( t a ) c ) exp { - j 4 π f c R i ( t a ) c + j πK r ( t r - 2 R i ( t a ) c ) 2 } - - - ( 2 )
Wherein, A 0for the complex constant of reflection moving-target scattered power, t rfor the fast time, c is the light velocity, w a(t a) be orientation envelope, w r(t r) be apart from envelope, f cfor carrier frequency, K rfor the frequency modulation rate that system transmits, t afor slow time, i=1,2,3.
1b) according to formula (2), obtain frequency of distance territory target echo signal, expression formula is:
s i ( f r , t a ) = A 0 w a ( t a ) W r ( f r ) exp { - j 4 π ( f r + f c ) c R i ( t a ) } exp { - j π f r 2 K r } - - - ( 3 )
Wherein, f rfor frequency of distance, t afor slow time, W r(f r) be frequency of distance envelope, f cfor carrier frequency, K rfor the frequency modulation rate that system transmits, A 0for the complex constant of reflection moving-target scattered power, c is the light velocity, w a(t a) be orientation envelope.
For raising the efficiency, the triple channel original echoed signals that the present invention receives system in the mode of phase multiplication in frequency of distance territory carries out respectively Range compress.
1c) according to the expression formula of frequency of distance territory target echo signal, structure frequency of distance territory Range compress wave filter is:
H r ( f r ) = exp { j π f r 2 K r } - - - ( 4 )
Wherein, f rfor frequency of distance, K rthe frequency modulation rate transmitting for system.
1d) utilize the Range compress wave filter frequency field target echo signal of adjusting the distance in frequency of distance territory to carry out Range compress, obtain Range compress target echo signal afterwards, according to formula (3) and formula (2), the target echo signal expression formula after Range compress is:
s i , rc ( f r , t a ) = s i ( f r , t a ) H r ( f r ) = A 0 w a ( t a ) W r ( f r ) exp { - j 4 π ( f r + f c ) c R i ( t a ) } - - - ( 5 )
Wherein, f rfor frequency of distance, t afor slow time, W r(f r) be frequency of distance envelope, f cfor carrier frequency, K rfor the frequency modulation rate that system transmits, A 0for the complex constant of reflection moving-target scattered power, c is the light velocity, w a(t a) be orientation envelope.
The target echo signal of 1e) adjusting the distance after compression carries out distance to inverse Fourier transform and orientation to Fourier transform, obtain the range-Dopler domain target echo signal after Range compress, the expression formula of the range-Dopler domain target echo signal after Range compress:
s i , rc ( t r , f a ) = A 0 sin c { B [ t r - y 0 c ( 2 + λ 2 f a 2 - 4 v y 2 4 ( v a - v x ) 2 ) ] } W a ( f a + 2 v y λ ) exp { j πλ y 0 2 ( v a - v x ) 2 ( f a + 2 v y λ ) 2 } × exp { - j 2 πd ( i - 1 ) v a - v x ( f a + 2 v y λ ) } exp { - j 4 π λ y 0 } - - - ( 6 )
Wherein, t rfor the fast time, B is the bandwidth transmitting, A 0for the complex constant of reflection moving-target scattered power, c is the light velocity, f afor Doppler frequency, W a(f a) be Doppler frequency envelope, λ is signal wavelength, v afor Texas tower speed, v xfor target azimuth is to speed, v yfor target range is to speed, y 0for slow time t athe ordinate of=0 o'clock target, the spacing of the displaced phase center that d is adjacency channel.
Step 2, spaceborne triple channel SAR-GMTI system receives triple channel original echoed signals, the triple channel original echoed signals receiving is carried out respectively to distance and just obtain frequency of distance territory echoed signal to Fourier transform, carry out respectively Range compress according to the frequency of distance territory Range compress wave filter frequency field echoed signal of adjusting the distance again, obtain Range compress echoed signal afterwards, and the echoed signal after Range compress is transformed to range-Dopler domain, obtain the range-Dopler domain echoed signal after Range compress.
Step 3 is taken out the data x of No. l range unit to be detected from the range-Dopler domain echoed signal the compression of each channel distance l,i, i represents channel position, i=1, and 2,3, l=1 ..., L, L is the number that need to carry out the range unit of target detection, the data X of the three passages No. l range unit to be detected lbe expressed as:
X l=[x l,1,x l,2,x l,3]
Wherein, x l, 1be the data of the 1st passage l range unit, x l, 2be the data of the 2nd passage l range unit, x l, 3be the data of the 3rd passage l range unit, x l, 1, x l, 2and x l, 3dimension is K × 1, and K is the number that need to carry out the Doppler unit of target detection.
Step 4, at the data X of No. l range unit to be detected of three passages lin, data vector z while building data empty of three adjacent Doppler unit l,k; Steering vector D when the target of three adjacent Doppler unit of range-Dopler domain target echo signal after the Range compress obtaining according to step 1 again structure empty l,k; Steering vector D during according to the target of three adjacent Doppler unit empty l,ksolve weight vector w l,k; Exploitation right vector w l,kdata vector z during to sky l,kcarry out self-adapting clutter inhibition, obtain k Doppler unit of No. l range unit to be detected self-adapting clutter suppress after data y l,k; Complete again No. l each Doppler of range unit to be detected unit self-adapting clutter suppress after data y l=[y l, 1, y l, 2..., y l,K] t.
4a) at the data X of No. l range unit to be detected of three passages lin, data vector z when the data of selection k-1, k and k+1 Doppler unit form sky l,k:
z l , k = [ x l , 1 ( f a k - 1 ) , x l , 2 ( f a k - 1 ) , x l , 3 ( f a k - 1 ) , x l , 1 ( f a k ) , x l , 2 ( f a k ) , x l , 3 ( f a k ) , x l , 1 ( f a k + 1 ) , x l , 2 ( f a k + 1 ) , x l , 3 ( f a k + 1 ) ] T - - - ( 7 )
Wherein, represent the data of the 1st k Doppler unit of passage l range unit, represent the data of the 2nd k Doppler unit of passage l range unit, represent the data of the 3rd k Doppler unit of passage l range unit, represent the Doppler frequency of k Doppler unit, subscript trepresent non-conjugated transposition, k-1, k and k+1 Doppler unit is three adjacent Doppler unit.
4b) according to the expression formula of range-Dopler domain target echo signal (6), steering vector D when structure is positioned at target empty of l range unit k-1, k and k+1 Doppler unit l,k:
D l , k = [ s l ( f a k - 1 ) , s l ( f a k ) , s l ( f a k + 1 ) ] T - - - ( 8 )
Wherein, it is the steering vector of the target of k Doppler unit of l range unit; it is the steering vector of the target of k-1 Doppler unit of l range unit; it is the steering vector of the target of k+1 Doppler unit of l range unit; expression formula is:
s l ( f a k ) = exp { j π r l λ 2 ( v a - v x ) 2 ( f a k + 2 v y λ ) 2 } × [ 1 , exp { - j 2 πd v a - v x ( f a k + 2 v y λ ) } , exp { - j 4 πd v a - v x ( f a k + 2 v y λ ) } ] T - - - ( 9 )
Wherein, represent the Doppler frequency of k Doppler unit, λ is signal wavelength, v afor Texas tower speed, v xfor target azimuth is to speed, v yfor target range is to speed, the spacing of the displaced phase center that d is adjacency channel.
4c) solve weight vector w by solving following formula (10) l,k, obtain
Wherein, be the covariance matrix of k Doppler unit, d l,ksteering vector while being target empty of l range unit k-1, k and k+1 Doppler unit, represent the data of the 1st k Doppler unit of passage l range unit, represent the data of the 2nd k Doppler unit of passage l range unit, represent the data of the 3rd k Doppler unit of passage l range unit.
At sub-step 4c) in for making clutter rejection optimum, namely in order to make output letter miscellaneous noise ratio maximum, so weight vector w l,kmeet the constraint condition in above-mentioned formula (10).
4d) exploitation right vector w l,kdata vector z during to sky l,kcarry out self-adapting clutter inhibition:
y l , k = w l , k H z l , k - - - ( 11 )
Wherein, y l,kbe k Doppler unit of No. l range unit to be detected self-adapting clutter suppress after data, w l,kfor weight vector, subscript hrepresent conjugate transpose.
4e) make k increase by 1, repeating step 4a)~4d), until k equals K, K is the number that need to carry out the Doppler unit of target detection, obtain No. l each Doppler of range unit to be detected unit self-adapting clutter suppress after data: y l=[y l, 1, y l, 2..., y l,K] t.
Step 5, makes the number l of range unit to be detected increase by 1, and repeating step 2~4, until l equals L, completes L range unit clutter and suppresses, and exports the data Y after L range unit clutter suppresses, Y=[y 1, y 2... y l, y l].
Below in conjunction with emulation experiment, effect of the present invention is described further.
Emulation 1, the data simulation before clutter suppresses.
SAR system emulation parameter is in table 1, and radar is operated under positive side-looking pattern, in observation scene, has a moving target, and its orientation is zero to speed, and distance is 10m/s to speed.Simulation result is shown in Fig. 3, and what in figure, provide is that clutter suppresses the range Doppler numeric field data after front distance compression, the namely target echo signal after Range compress; The amplitude of the color table registration certificate of the pixel cell of figure, can find out from simulation result, target is flooded by clutter completely, if do not carry out clutter inhibition, target can not be detected.Range gate in analogous diagram of the present invention is range unit.
Table 1
Carrier frequency 5.4GHz Radar speed 7500m/s
Apart from bandwidth 50MHz Scene center distance 924km
Distance samples frequency 75MHz Orientation bandwidth 2000Hz
Pulse repetition rate 3000Hz Pulsewidth 20μs
Signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) 15dB Miscellaneous noise ratio 15dB
Port number 3 Base length 2.5m
Emulation 2, is used the technology of the present invention to carry out the data simulation after clutter inhibition.
Parameter setting in this emulation is identical with emulation 1, and simulation result is shown in Fig. 4, and what in figure, provide is the range Doppler numeric field data after Range compress after clutter suppresses, and namely completes the data after all range unit clutters suppress; The amplitude of the color table registration certificate of the pixel cell of figure, can find out from simulation result, and after clutter suppresses, target is high-visible, and target is easy to just can be detected, and this shows well clutter reduction of the present invention.
Emulation 3, the comparison of range-Dopler domain clutter inhibition.
Parameter setting in this emulation is identical with emulation 1, simulation result is shown in Fig. 5, what wherein solid line represented is the clutter rejection ratio while adopting DPCA technology, the clutter rejection ratio that what ' * ' line represented is while adopting traditional Adaptive Moving Clutter Rejection Technique, what '+' line represented is adopts clutter rejection ratio time of the present invention.Can find out from simulation result, in whole doppler bandwidth, the clutter rejection of traditional Adaptive Moving Clutter Rejection Technique is all better than DPCA technology, and clutter rejection of the present invention is all better than DPCA technology and traditional Adaptive Moving Clutter Rejection Technique.

Claims (3)

1. a spaceborne triple channel SAR-GMTI self-adapting clutter inhibition method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, sets up target original echoed signals model, obtains frequency of distance territory target echo signal according to target original echoed signals; According to frequency of distance territory target echo signal structure frequency of distance territory Range compress wave filter; Obtain the range-Dopler domain target echo signal after Range compress according to frequency of distance territory target echo signal and frequency of distance territory Range compress wave filter;
Step 2, spaceborne triple channel SAR-GMTI system receives triple channel original echoed signals, the triple channel original echoed signals receiving is carried out respectively to distance and just obtain frequency of distance territory echoed signal to Fourier transform, carry out respectively Range compress according to the frequency of distance territory Range compress wave filter frequency field echoed signal of adjusting the distance again, obtain Range compress echoed signal afterwards, and the echoed signal after Range compress is transformed to range-Dopler domain, obtain the range-Dopler domain echoed signal after Range compress;
Step 3 is taken out the data x of No. l range unit to be detected from the range-Dopler domain echoed signal the compression of each channel distance l,i, i represents channel position, i=1, and 2,3, l=1 ..., L, L is the number that need to carry out the range unit of target detection, the data X of the three passages No. l range unit to be detected lbe expressed as:
X l=[x l,1,x l,2,x l,3]
Wherein, x l, 1be the data of the 1st passage l range unit, x l, 2be the data of the 2nd passage l range unit, x l, 3be the data of the 3rd passage l range unit, x l, 1, x l, 2and x l, 3dimension is K × 1, and K is the number that need to carry out the Doppler unit of target detection;
Step 4, at the data X of No. l range unit to be detected of three passages lin, data vector z while building data empty of three adjacent Doppler unit l,k; Steering vector D when the target of three adjacent Doppler unit of range-Dopler domain target echo signal after the Range compress obtaining according to step 1 again structure empty l,k; Steering vector D during according to the target of three adjacent Doppler unit empty l,ksolve weight vector w l,k; Exploitation right vector w l,kdata vector z during to sky l,kcarry out self-adapting clutter inhibition, obtain k Doppler unit of No. l range unit to be detected self-adapting clutter suppress after data y l,k; Complete again No. l each Doppler of range unit to be detected unit self-adapting clutter suppress after data y l=[y l, 1, y l, 2..., y l,K] t;
Step 5, makes the number l of range unit to be detected increase by 1, and repeating step 2~4, until l equals L, completes L range unit clutter and suppresses, and exports the data Y after L range unit clutter suppresses, Y=[y 1, y 2... y l, y l].
2. the spaceborne triple channel SAR-GMTI self-adapting clutter of one according to claim 1 inhibition method, is characterized in that, step 1 comprises following sub-step:
1a) target is expressed as to the instantaneous distance of i passage:
R i ( t a ) = ( y 0 + v y t a ) 2 + [ v x t a - v a t a + ( i - 1 ) d ] 2 - - - ( 1 )
Wherein, v xfor target azimuth is to speed, v yfor target range is to speed, y 0for slow time t athe ordinate of=0 o'clock target, i represents channel position, i=1,2,3;
The target original echoed signals that i passage receives is expressed as:
s i ( t r , t a ) = A 0 w a ( t a ) w r ( t r - 2 R i ( t a ) c ) exp { - j 4 π f c R i ( t a ) c + j πK r ( t r - 2 R i ( t a ) c ) 2 } - - - ( 2 )
Wherein, A 0for the complex constant of reflection moving-target scattered power, t rfor the fast time, c is the light velocity, w a(t a) be orientation envelope, w r(t r) be apart from envelope, f cfor carrier frequency, K rfor the frequency modulation rate that system transmits, t afor slow time, i=1,2,3;
1b) according to formula (2), obtain frequency of distance territory target echo signal, expression formula is:
s i ( f r , t a ) = A 0 w a ( t a ) W r ( f r ) exp { - j 4 π ( f r + f c ) c R i ( t a ) } exp { - j π f r 2 K r } - - - ( 3 )
Wherein, f rfor frequency of distance, t afor slow time, W r(f r) be frequency of distance envelope, f cfor carrier frequency, K rfor the frequency modulation rate that system transmits, A 0for the complex constant of reflection moving-target scattered power, c is the light velocity, w a(t a) be orientation envelope;
1c) according to the expression formula of frequency of distance territory target echo signal, structure frequency of distance territory Range compress wave filter is:
H r ( f r ) = exp { j π f r 2 K r } - - - ( 4 )
Wherein, f rfor frequency of distance, K rthe frequency modulation rate transmitting for system;
1d) utilize the Range compress wave filter frequency field target echo signal of adjusting the distance in frequency of distance territory to carry out Range compress, obtain Range compress target echo signal afterwards, according to formula (3) and formula (2), the target echo signal expression formula after Range compress is:
s i , rc ( f r , t a ) = s i ( f r , t a ) H r ( f r ) = A 0 w a ( t a ) W r ( f r ) exp { - j 4 π ( f r + f c ) c R i ( t a ) } - - - ( 5 )
Wherein, f rfor frequency of distance, t afor slow time, W r(f r) be frequency of distance envelope, f cfor carrier frequency, K rfor the frequency modulation rate that system transmits, A 0for the complex constant of reflection moving-target scattered power, c is the light velocity, w a(t a) be orientation envelope;
The target echo signal of 1e) adjusting the distance after compression carries out distance to inverse Fourier transform and orientation to Fourier transform, obtain the range-Dopler domain target echo signal after Range compress, the expression formula of the range-Dopler domain target echo signal after Range compress is:
s i , rc ( t r , f a ) = A 0 sin c { B [ t r - y 0 c ( 2 + λ 2 f a 2 - 4 v y 2 4 ( v a - v x ) 2 ) ] } W a ( f a + 2 v y λ ) exp { j πλ y 0 2 ( v a - v x ) 2 ( f a + 2 v y λ ) 2 } × exp { - j 2 πd ( i - 1 ) v a - v x ( f a + 2 v y λ ) } exp { - j 4 π λ y 0 } - - - ( 6 )
Wherein, t rfor the fast time, B is the bandwidth transmitting, A 0for the complex constant of reflection moving-target scattered power, c is the light velocity, f afor Doppler frequency, W a(f a) be Doppler frequency envelope, λ is signal wavelength, v afor Texas tower speed, v xfor target azimuth is to speed, v yfor target range is to speed, y 0for slow time t athe ordinate of=0 o'clock target, the spacing of the displaced phase center that d is adjacency channel.
3. the spaceborne triple channel SAR-GMTI self-adapting clutter of one according to claim 2 inhibition method, is characterized in that, step 4 comprises following sub-step:
4a) at the data X of No. l range unit to be detected of three passages lin, data vector z when the data of selection k-1, k and k+1 Doppler unit form sky l,k:
z l , k = [ x l , 1 ( f a k - 1 ) , x l , 2 ( f a k - 1 ) , x l , 3 ( f a k - 1 ) , x l , 1 ( f a k ) , x l , 2 ( f a k ) , x l , 3 ( f a k ) , x l , 1 ( f a k + 1 ) , x l , 2 ( f a k + 1 ) , x l , 3 ( f a k + 1 ) ] T - - - ( 7 ) Wherein, represent the data of the 1st k Doppler unit of passage l range unit, represent the data of the 2nd k Doppler unit of passage l range unit, represent the data of the 3rd k Doppler unit of passage l range unit, represent the Doppler frequency of k Doppler unit, subscript trepresent non-conjugated transposition, k-1, k and k+1 Doppler unit is three adjacent Doppler unit;
4b) according to the expression formula of range-Dopler domain target echo signal (6), steering vector D when structure is positioned at target empty of l range unit k-1, k and k+1 Doppler unit l,k:
D l , k = [ s l ( f a k - 1 ) , s l ( f a k ) , s l ( f a k + 1 ) ] T - - - ( 8 )
Wherein, it is the steering vector of the target of k Doppler unit of l range unit; it is the steering vector of the target of k-1 Doppler unit of l range unit; it is the steering vector of the target of k+1 Doppler unit of l range unit; expression formula be:
s l ( f a k ) = exp { j π r l λ 2 ( v a - v x ) 2 ( f a k + 2 v y λ ) 2 } × [ 1 , exp { - j 2 πd v a - v x ( f a k + 2 v y λ ) } , exp { - j 4 πd v a - v x ( f a k + 2 v y λ ) } ] T - - - ( 9 )
Wherein, represent the Doppler frequency of k Doppler unit, λ is signal wavelength, v afor Texas tower speed, v xfor target azimuth is to speed, v yfor target range is to speed, the spacing of the displaced phase center that d is adjacency channel;
4c) solve weight vector w by solving following formula (10) l,k, obtain
Wherein, be the covariance matrix of k Doppler unit, d l,ksteering vector while being target empty of l range unit k-1, k and k+1 Doppler unit, represent the data of the 1st k Doppler unit of passage l range unit, represent the data of the 2nd k Doppler unit of passage l range unit, represent the data of the 3rd k Doppler unit of passage l range unit;
4d) exploitation right vector w l, kdata vector z during to sky l, kcarry out self-adapting clutter inhibition:
y l , k = w l , k H z l , k - - - ( 11 )
Wherein, y l,kbe k Doppler unit of No. l range unit to be detected self-adapting clutter suppress after data, w l,kfor weight vector, subscript hrepresent conjugate transpose;
4e) make k increase by 1, repeating step 4a)~4d), until k equals K, K is the number that need to carry out the Doppler unit of target detection, obtain No. l each Doppler of range unit to be detected unit self-adapting clutter suppress after data: y l=[y l, 1, y l, 2..., y l,K] t.
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