CN104076180B - Dual probe-based calibration-free optical current sensor and method - Google Patents
Dual probe-based calibration-free optical current sensor and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104076180B CN104076180B CN201310095783.1A CN201310095783A CN104076180B CN 104076180 B CN104076180 B CN 104076180B CN 201310095783 A CN201310095783 A CN 201310095783A CN 104076180 B CN104076180 B CN 104076180B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dual probe-based calibration-free optical current sensor and a method. The sensor is composed of two magneto optical current sensing heads, a sensing head fixing support and a measuring unit. According to the method, as the sensing head fixing support is adopted, the relative distance of the two sensing head can be ensured to be fixed and is not influenced by temperature, stress and other environmental disturbance. The measuring unit receives output light intensity of the two magneto optical current sensing heads and the output light intensity is converted into electrical signals and an output measurement current value is calculated. Through demodulating the measurement values of the sensing heads, influences of the distance in relative to a cable lead on the measuring result in the case of installation can be directly eliminated, and the difficulty that power needs to be on for calibration in the case of onsite installation of the sensor can be avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical current sensor and method exempting from based on dual probe to calibrate, belong to electric measurement, school
Accurate technical field.
Background technology
From the many decades that begin one's study till now, many manufacturers both domestic and external have all released each magneto-optic current transducer
Product.It is wide etc. numerous that magneto-optic current transducer has safe, high precision, measurement range compared to conventional current sensors
Advantage, but sufficiently do not promoted in actual applications so far.Reason is current optical current sensor, is subject to
The impact of the factors such as temperature, time, position, external magnetic field, causes sensor accuracy to decline.Especially arrived by wire to be measured
The impact of sensor distance, for different conductor, different use environment, is required for carrying out single school to sensor before use
Standard and situ calibration, this is in-site installation and debugging efforts bring huge trouble.Also need in use periodically carry out calibration dimension
Shield, brings difficulty and inconvenience to the application of sensor.At present using complex control electricity more than existing self-calibration technique in industry
Road carries out error correction, also brings certain restriction for sensor use condition while increasing cost, and calibration result
Unsatisfactory.
Correlation technique 1：Use[1]Current sensor field calibration instrument carries out error-tested.
As shown in figure 1, electric current field calibration instrument is to detect electrified wire 1 by Hall element or other current sensor 2
In current signal, the signal of detection connects after amplifier 3 amplifies output and obtains current measurement value through sample circuit 4.
Electric current field calibration instrument is hung on same busbar with being calibrated current sensor, the same time reads two
Individual indicating value, it is to avoid the error that the time difference causes.By the difference of display, corrected sensor field adjustable be can reach using essence
Degree.
Calibrate current sensor using electric current field calibration instrument, the required precision to prover is higher.By prover and
Being calibrated sensor access wire needs to disconnect electrical network, and periodic detection is cumbersome.
Correlation technique 2：[2]On-line checking, the Hall current sensor of calibration.
The side that Chinese patent 200910241742.2 provides a kind of automatic calibration and revises Hall current sensor error
Method, including measurement Hall current sensor；It is wrapped in the assisted calibration coil on measurement Hall current sensor, and controlled
The input circuit of the output of current source and assisted calibration Hall current sensor is in series；The control signal of controllable current source connects
Control output end to measurement and control unit.
The ratio that electric current in assisted calibration coil and measurement Hall current sensor output current have a fixation is closed
System.Measurement Hall current sensor is under identical environment with assisted calibration Hall current sensor, by comparing auxiliary
Calibration Hall current sensor measures the current value of assisted calibration coil gained and the output electricity of measurement Hall current sensor
Flow valuve, can calculate the measure error of Hall current sensor.Measurement is revised i.e. accordingly with Hall current sensor
Can achieve and automatically calibrate.
On-line checking, the Hall current sensor volume calibrated are big, control circuit is complex.
Correlation technique 3：Magneto-optic current transducer.
When light beam passes through magneto-optical crystal, due to Faraday effect under the influence of magnetic field, the polarization state of light field can be revolved
Turn.The angle of rotation is related to the length of the Verdet constant of magneto-optical crystal, the size in magnetic field and angle and magneto-optical crystal.
Light beam is obtained linearly polarized light by the polarizer；Pass through magneto-optical crystal, under the influence of magnetic field, light beam polarization side again
To rotating；With the analyzer detection polarization direction anglec of rotation, you can measure the size in magnetic field.Magnetic effect meeting due to electric current
Produce magnetic field, corresponding size of current is calculated by the big I measuring magnetic field.
[1]. the patent No. 200910272835.1 DC high-current sensor field calibration instrument；
[2]. a kind of online detection and calibration method for Hall current sensor of the patent No. 200910241742.2.
Magneto-optic current transducer has good electric insulating quality compared to traditional current sensor, is not subject to electromagnetic radiation
Impact, strong antijamming capability, and many advantages, such as frequency response is fast, but be based on Faraday effect, magneto-optic current transducer
Measured value related to the distance of sensor to electrified wire, therefore, the individual difference of measure traverse line and install difference and length
The change in location that during time use, external environment leads to can bring measurement difference.
Content of the invention
The present invention seeks to avoiding, for the problem in background technology is a kind of with defect offer, the magnetic calibrated of adjusting the distance
Photocurrent sensor and method.
The present invention for achieving the above object, adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of optical current sensor exempting from based on dual probe to calibrate of the present invention, by two Magnetooptic current sensing heads, sensings
Head fixed support and measuring unit composition, two Magnetooptic current sensing heads are respectively arranged at sensing head fixed support two ends, and two
The output end of individual Magnetooptic current sensing head connects the input of measuring unit, the measured value of measuring unit output and two magnetic respectively
The distance of photoelectric current sensing head to current carrying conductor is unrelated.
Described Magnetooptic current sensing head by light source be sequentially connected in series the polarizer, magneto-optic memory technique, analyzer, optical fiber collimator and
Conduction optical fiber is constituted.
The light that described light source sends is to polarize unrelated light；
Described polarizer starting of oscillation direction is 45 ° with the angular separation that thoroughly shakes of analyzer.
A kind of detection method of the optical current sensor exempting from based on dual probe to calibrate is as follows：
Magnetooptic current sensing head is placed in make near current carrying conductor the magneto-optic memory technique optical direction of Magnetooptic current sensing head with
The sense of current is vertical；The light that light source sends becomes polarised light after the polarizer；When light field continues to be propagated through magneto-optic memory technique, by
Rotate in Faraday effect polarization direction, the anglec of rotation with polarizer starting of oscillation angular separation is：
Wherein μ0For space permeability, V is magneto-optic memory technique Field constant, and L is the distance that light is propagated in magneto-optic memory technique,
R is the distance of magneto-optic memory technique to current carrying conductor；After light field continues to be propagated through analyzer, output intensity is：
Wherein P0For the output intensity of light source, calculated the size of light field faraday's anglec of rotation B by output intensity.Conventional
Light with the 632.8nm wavelength corresponding Field constant of high Field constant material MR4 magneto-optic glass is 110.5rad/T
M, is 1mm in magneto-optic memory technique length L, under conditions of magneto-optic memory technique to current carrying conductor distance is for 1cm, for the huge electricity of 10kA
Stream, light field faraday's rotation angle θ is only 0.0221rad, is approximately in practicalityNow calculate
B Size Error be 0.0326%；In current carrying conductor, size of current and the relational expression of output intensity are：Will
Two Magnetooptic current sensing heads are fixed by fixed support, its spacing be d, measure output intensity is respectively P1、P2, by formula（1）
Obtain：
And then obtain size of current in wire and be：
By approximate formulaSubstitute into（2）Shi Ke get：
Size of current in current carrying conductor defeated can be calculated according to the input light intensity of two sensing heads by this measuring unit
Go out.Now the measured value of size of current is unrelated apart from r1, r2 to current carrying conductor with two magneto-optical sensors.
The present invention is aiming at the defect of prior art referring in background technology, a kind of optical current exempting to calibrate of application
Sensor and method, this sensor has dual probe structure, by doing difference operation to two result of detections popped one's head in, draws and treats
Survey current value, measured value is insensitive to mounting distance, therefore can remove calibration process completely from.
The present invention uses Non-contact Magnetic photocurrent sensor, linked network convenience and strong interference immunity；By two are sensed
The computing of the measurement result of head obtains current measurement value, and measurement result is unrelated with the distance of sensing head to current carrying conductor, eliminates
The calibration of distance.In installing practicality, sensor of the invention is applied to the ampere wires of various models, and use environment is required
Low, installation operation simply can reduce the impact to current measurement for the change in location that temperature, vibrations etc. lead to.
Brief description
Fig. 1：Electric current field calibration instrument structural representation；
Fig. 2：The structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 3：Magnetooptic current transducing head structure schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is a kind of to include two Magnetooptic current sensing heads based on the optical current sensor that dual probe exempts to calibrate, two
Sensing head material is identical with structure and is configured at the position that distance is loaded with tested ampere wires different distance；Sensing head fixed part
Divide it is ensured that the relative distance of two sensing heads is fixed, do not affected by environmental perturbations such as temperature, stress；Measuring unit, receives two
The output intensity of individual Magnetooptic current sensing head, is converted into electric signal and calculates output measurement current value, by two sensing heads
The demodulation of measured value can directly eliminate the impact to measurement result relative to cable conductor distance during installation, it is to avoid sensor is existing
Field needs to power up the difficulty of calibration when installing.
Described Magnetooptic current sensing head is by light source, Output optical power, Wavelength stabilized and polarize unrelated；The polarizer；Magneto-optic material
Material, has larger Verdet constant；Analyzer, transmission polarization direction is 45 ° with polarizer starting of oscillation angular separation;Fiber optic collimator
Optical signal can be imported to transmission in optical fiber by device.
Magnetooptic current sensing head is placed near current carrying conductor makes magneto-optic memory technique optical direction vertical with the sense of current.Light source
The light sending becomes polarised light after the polarizer；When light field continues to be propagated through magneto-optic memory technique, due to Faraday effect polarization
Direction rotates, the anglec of rotation namely be with polarizer starting of oscillation angular separation：
Wherein μ0For space permeability, V is magneto-optic memory technique Field constant, and L is the distance that light is propagated in magneto-optic memory technique,
R is the distance of magneto-optic memory technique to current carrying conductor；After light field continues to be propagated through analyzer, output intensity is
Wherein P0For the output intensity of light source, the size of light field faraday's rotation angle θ therefore can be calculated by output intensity,
It is approximately in practicalityNow, in current carrying conductor, size of current and the relational expression of output intensity are
Be can be seen that by this relational expression, magneto-optic memory technique to ampere wires apart from r different when, size of current is calculated by light intensity
Relational expression different.Therefore, magneto-optic current transducer needs when installing at the scene to be calibrated to cable under test energising, thus smart
Really measure in above formula apart from r value.Unnecessary trouble and difficulty can be brought in actual applications.The proposition of the therefore present invention changes
Enter scheme：By the introducing of dual probe it is achieved that sensor installation can use, r value during in-site installation need not be measured, completely
The step for avoid scene energising calibration.
In a kind of detection method of the optical current sensor exempting from based on dual probe to calibrate of the present invention, two sensing heads by
Fixed support is fixed, its spacing for d measure output intensity is respectively P1、P2, by formula（1）Equation group can be set up
Solve this equation group and can obtain size of current in wire and be：
By approximate formulaSubstitute into（2）Shi Ke get：
By this formula, measuring unit can calculate the size of current in current carrying conductor according to the input light intensity of two sensing heads
And export, result of calculation is unrelated apart from r1 and r2 to current carrying conductor with sensing head.
Embodiment
As shown in Fig. 2 the magneto-optic current transducer of the automatic calibrated distance of the present invention is divided by two Magnetooptic current sensing heads
Wei not [5], [6], fixed support [7] and measuring unit [8] composition.
Fig. 3 be sensing head [5], the structural representation of [6], magneto-optic sensing head [5], [6] by light source [9], the polarizer [10],
Magneto-optic memory technique [11], analyzer [12], optical fiber collimator [13] and conduction optical fiber [14] composition.The light warp that light source [9] sends
Cross the polarizer [10], magneto-optic memory technique [11], analyzer [12] and optical fiber collimator [13] and enter conduction light [14] from one end,
The other end of conduction optical fiber [14] is as the output end of sensing head [5], [6].
Sensor is placed near current carrying conductor [1], makes fixed support [7] point to current carrying conductor [1], and make sensing head
[5], the magneto-optic memory technique optical direction in [6] is vertical with current carrying conductor [1]；Two sensing heads [5], the output optical fibre of [6] and survey
The input of amount unit [8] is connected.Measuring unit [8] accepts sensing head [5], the output intensity of [6], by formula（4）Calculate
Go out the size of current in current carrying conductor [1] and export.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to aforementioned reality
Apply example the present invention has been described in detail, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be to aforementioned each enforcement
Technical scheme described in example is modified, or carries out equivalent to wherein some technical characteristics.All essences in the present invention
Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of the optical current sensor calibrated is exempted from it is characterised in that by two Magnetooptic current sensing heads, biographies based on dual probe
Sense head fixed support and measuring unit composition, two Magnetooptic current sensing heads are respectively arranged at sensing head fixed support two ends,
The output end of two Magnetooptic current sensing heads connects the input of measuring unit respectively, the measured value of measuring unit output and two
The distance of Magnetooptic current sensing head to current carrying conductor is unrelated.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of the optical current sensor calibrated is exempted from it is characterised in that described based on dual probe
Magnetooptic current sensing head is sequentially connected in series the polarizer, magneto-optic memory technique, analyzer, optical fiber collimator and conduction optical fiber structure by light source
Become.
3. a kind of according to claim 2 the optical current sensor calibrated is exempted from it is characterised in that described light based on dual probe
The light that source sends is to polarize unrelated light.
4. a kind of according to claim 2 the optical current sensor calibrated is exempted from it is characterised in that described based on dual probe
Device starting of oscillation direction and the angular separation that thoroughly shakes of analyzer are 45 ° partially.
5. a kind of based on described in claim 1 a kind of based on dual probe exempt from calibrate optical current sensor detection method, its
It is characterised by that methods described is as follows：
Magnetooptic current sensing head is placed in magneto-optic memory technique optical direction and the electric current making Magnetooptic current sensing head near current carrying conductor
Direction is vertical；The light that light source sends becomes polarised light after the polarizer；When light field continues to be propagated through magneto-optic memory technique, due to method
Effect polarization direction is drawn to rotate, the anglec of rotation with polarizer starting of oscillation angular separation is：
Wherein μ0For space permeability, V is magneto-optic memory technique Field constant, and L is the distance that light is propagated in magneto-optic memory technique, and r is magnetic
The distance of current carrying conductor expected by finish；After light field continues to be propagated through analyzer, output intensity is：
Wherein P0For the output intensity of light source, calculated the size of light field faraday's rotation angle θ by output intensity, in practical application
It is approximatelyNow, in current carrying conductor, size of current and the relational expression of output intensity are：
Two Magnetooptic current sensing heads are fixed by fixed support, its spacing be d, measure output intensity is respectively P1、P2, by
Formula（1）Obtain：
And then obtain size of current in wire and be：
By approximate formula Substitute into（2）Shi Ke get：
Calculated the size of current in current carrying conductor and export according to the input light intensity of two sensing heads by this measuring unit.
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| CN105042340A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-11-11 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Leakage detection device and method for double-searching-unit buried steel pipeline |
| CN105629033B (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2018-06-19 | 河北大学 | A kind of device and method that conductor current is measured using magneto-optic memory technique |
| CN105866506B (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2018-06-22 | 河北大学 | A kind of device and method that conductor current is measured using magneto-optic memory technique |
| CN105954564B (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2018-06-22 | 河北大学 | A kind of device and method that conductor current is measured using magneto-optic memory technique |
| CN110726863B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2022-06-21 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Double-probe non-contact current measuring device and method for power transmission line |
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| CN201281724Y (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2009-07-29 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Optical current sensor |
| CN102062807A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-05-18 | 上海舜宇海逸光电技术有限公司 | Current measuring device and method |
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