CN104070755A - Multi-layer sheet for the back face of a solar module - Google Patents
Multi-layer sheet for the back face of a solar module Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104070755A CN104070755A CN201410117904.2A CN201410117904A CN104070755A CN 104070755 A CN104070755 A CN 104070755A CN 201410117904 A CN201410117904 A CN 201410117904A CN 104070755 A CN104070755 A CN 104070755A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- carrier layer
- multilayer film
- layer
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- SWRHLQWMGRANTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K].[Ca].[Zn].[Si] Chemical compound [K].[Ca].[Zn].[Si] SWRHLQWMGRANTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYZDLIQGCHPVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Li].[Si] Chemical compound [Na].[Li].[Si] SYZDLIQGCHPVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;hydroxy-[hydroxy(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane;lithium Chemical group [Li].[Al].O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-layer sheet (1) for the back face of a solar module, comprising a first outer layer (2) facing away from the solar cell, a second outer layer (6) facing towards the solar cell, and a support layer (4) in-between them, there being in each case between support layer (4) and the outer layers (2 and 6) an interlayer (3 and 5, respectively), and the support layer (4) comprises a polymer and a filler, the filler comprising fibres, and the ratio of fibre length to average fibre diameter being between 20:1 and 5:1, preferably between 15:1 and 5:1, most preferably between 15:1 and 9:1, and also to a method for producing a multi-layer sheet (1) of this kind, comprising the steps of weighing out, reactive compounding, filtering, coextruding, surface-treating and the spheroid-like surface embossing of a depth of roughness of 10-20 pm by means of an air knife, and to the use of a multi-layer sheet (1) of this kind in a solar cell.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multilayer film of the dorsal part for solar energy module, it comprises the first exterior layer of solar cell dorsad, towards the second exterior layer of solar cell and in the carrier layer between it, wherein between carrier layer and exterior layer, be furnished with intermediate layer respectively.
Background technology
Solar cell or photovoltaic cell (being the active part of solar energy module) are a kind of electrical parts of electric energy that sunshine changed into by photovoltaic effect.Because the problem of fossil fuel is nowadays more and more, by alternative and eco-friendly method, obtain energy and day by day become important.At this, it is useful especially by solar cell, obtaining energy, because sunshine is compared with the energy source drawing tidal force from such as wind or water as energy source, is the abundantest.For this reason, be there are to very large economic interests in the manufacture of high-efficiency solar module.
The running temperature of conventional solar energy module in the situation that efficiency is 10%-14% to the maximum in roughly 80 ℃ to 87 ℃, be wherein well known that, there is direct dependence in photovoltaic efficiency and the running temperature of the semi-conducting material nowadays using.Research shows: average running temperature of today is reduced to 1 ℃ by the efficiency of module of today raising roughly 1.2%.
A kind of possibility that reduces running temperature is, improves heat radiation.This can derive from Stefan-Boltzmann law, wherein the hot-fluid of radiation from main body
for main body, can calculate by following formula:
in above formula, be hot-fluid or radiant power.
ε is emissivity, and its value can be between 0 (perfect mirror) and 1 (ideal black-body).
σ is Stefan-Boltzmann constant (5.67*10
-8w/m
2k
4).
A is the surface of radiant body.
T is the temperature (take Kelvin as unit) of radiant body.
Intensity in physics, represent time per unit per unit area energy, be surface power density.Therefore, heat radiation is the function of the surface size of radiant body.
But the efficiency of solar energy module is born the characteristic of being not only photovoltaic element itself of prime responsibility and efficiency and is arranged in addition the film of solar energy module dorsal part, and this film separates photovoltaic element from environment.As derived above, surface characteristic is responsible for indirectly together to the efficiency of Conversion of Energy, because the heat radiation on surface is to the temperature budget of solar cell and cooling being responsible for.In addition, the surface characteristics of film characterizes emissivity.
Not only the surface characteristic of backside film is important for solar energy module, and due to the function that solar cell is separated with environment, also the external environmental factor the extreme temperature fluctuation such as humidity, ultraviolet light, dust, mechanism and within the scope of from-40 ℃ to+85 ℃ is proposed to high request, these external environmental factors mean regular requirement, and are that backside film must not stand in the situation that having material damage or material behavior to harm.Therefore, do not allow because various variations in temperature causes the reduction of internal intensity or causes forming crack.The testing standard such as IEC61730 for solar energy module or backside film comprises aging responsible all parameters that affect of observing solar cell.Except the persistent requirement of physics all the year round to solar cell and backside film, also require the high as far as possible opacity of the side towards solar cell of backside film, high as far as possible form constancy and maximum reflectivity.This normally realizes by the layer structure of a plurality of layers of different qualities.Typical layer is constructed as follows:
-high reflection protection exterior layer, it is photovoltaic element dorsad
-intermediate layer
-carrier layer (also claiming " carrier and barrier layer " or " carrier sheet ")
-intermediate layer
-high reflection protection exterior layer, it is towards photovoltaic element
At this, exterior layer is high reflection, ultraviolet light stabilized, resistance to ambient influnence, chemically-resistant, long-term stability, corrosion resistant, hard, tough and tensile, dimensionally stable, surface treated, and additionally has high light reflectivity and the adhesion to ethylene/vinyl acetate (EVA) towards the exterior layer of solar cell.Intermediate layer is ultraviolet resistance, resistance to ambient influnence, chemically-resistant, steady in a long-term, tough and tensile and dimensionally stable.Carrier layer forms the baffle element with respect to water, is hydrolysis, steam impermeable, oxygen impermeable, ultraviolet resistance, resistance to ambient influnence, chemically-resistant, steady in a long-term, impact resistance, tear-proof, not breakable and dimensionally stable.Conventional, each of film layer is to be made by polyester-based or polyolefin based polymer in interior zone, and externally in region, by fluoropolymer, made.Be well known that, usually in polymer, add packing material.Conventional packing material is that average fiber length is the fiber through grinding of 90 μ m, and wherein said fiber has the normal distribution that there is no standard deviation restriction.
In the prior art, for example from following patent documentation, be known to the film for solar energy module:
DE112009002652T5 has described a kind of functional membrane for solar energy module, and wherein backside film comprises basement membrane and reflective membrane, and reflective membrane has a plurality of uneven parts, such as lip-deep triangular prism profile.
US2012/0028060A1 has described a kind of multilayer back side film for photovoltaic module, this photovoltaic module has the first and second exterior layers and in the interior layer between it, wherein interior layer forms water and oxygen blocking block body, and all layers are all made by polymer.
EP2410570A2 has described a kind of multilayer back side film for solar energy module, and it is 50% or the less polymer based on PVDF that its middle level has degree of crystallinity, and this causes better physical characteristic.
EP2208755A1 has described a kind of back layer for solar cell and for the manufacture of the method for such back layer.In order to strengthen fluorochemical layer, as polymer-filled materials'use granular size, be acrylate polymer particle, vinyl polymer particle or the fluorinated polymers composition granule of 1-4 μ m.
US2011/0247686A1 has described a kind of multilayer film, and it consists of the viscous layer, fluoropolymer layer and the intermediate layer that absorb ultraviolet light.
WO2011/009568A1 described a kind of for solar energy module based on polyacrylic back layer.
The shortcoming of solar energy module commonly known in the art is the risk that relatively little efficiency and the Long-term Effect being caused by extreme environment and temperature fluctuation cause damage.
Due to the larger economic interests about solar energy module that beginning is mentioned, desired, improve its efficiency and material persistence thereof and improve the life-span thus.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the present invention based on task be that a kind of backside film with the physical characteristic through improving for solar energy module is provided.At this, will in first aspect, realize the improvement to the long-term mechanical property of film, and provide on the other hand a kind of and have through the persistent film of improved long-term temperature, this has improved solar cell and therefore efficiency and the life-span of solar energy module.
According to the present invention, the film that this task is mentioned the dorsal part for solar energy module of type by beginning in the following way solves: carrier layer has polymer and packing material, wherein this packing material has fiber, and wherein the ratio of fibre length and fiber diameter in 20: 1 to 5: 1, preferably 15: 1 to 5: 1, most preferably 15: 1 to 9: 1.
By the fibre length of fiber and the described aspect ratio of fibre diameter of the packing material for machinery enhancing, realized the expansion of surface with respect to volume.Each particles of packing material---in the situation that of constancy of volume---dwindle the remarkable increase that causes following numbers of particles: described particle have very large specific surface (surface-volume ratio) and with its around matrix form large interface.Surface-the volume ratio being increased sharply causes the morphology of matrix polymer significantly to be changed.This causes tear resistance, the stability through improving through improving, and makes this film more steady in a long-term generally.Improved thus the life-span of solar cell.The long-term temperature persistence that has improved equally film, this has improved the efficiency of solar cell.
At this, the implication of term " carrier film " is equal to the term " barrier layer " that uses, " carrier layer and barrier layer ", " carrier sheet ", " stopping lamella ", " carrier sheet and stop lamella " of equal valuely.
One preferred embodiment in, the fibre length of the fiber of the carrier layer of multilayer film is less than 25 μ m, is preferably less than 12 μ m, is most preferably less than 4 μ m.The in the situation that of above-mentioned aspect ratio, this causes diameter mainly to distribute in nanometer range.If the average main size of fruit granule is most preferred fibre length 4 μ m, in the situation that the in most of the cases preferred aspect ratio of supposition is to show that the fibre diameter of 330nm is as average less important size at 12: 1.Thus specific surface has been improved to several times, thereby occurred and also can be understood as that the good combination of the polymer of polymer substrate because polymer-filled material interacts, and significantly improved the share that accounts for cumulative volume through the polymer boundary layer of modification.This is corresponding to expect the transition of polymer boundary layer material from polymeric material.
Therefore, compare with the fiber that the routine with the fibre length of the normal distribution that there is no standard deviation restriction is used, in the situation that the same ratio of identical filling content and packing material and polymer draws the additional raising of mating surface.
By expanding bonded area, draw the remarkable improvement of better combination and mechanical property and to the improvement of the value of ultimate elongation, tensile elongation, tear edge and tensile stress and to the raising of the power of tearing with to tearing the improvement that expands tolerance.
The average fiber length of using with routine is that roughly the fiber-filled material of 90 μ m is compared, this means, if the average available mating surface of take roughly the same aspect ratio as prerequisite and making to draw thus equals 1,, according to packing material used in the present invention in the situation that, in carrier layer, draw the mating surface of 22.5 times.
Because the fiber length distribution of the fiber of carrier layer is limited in standard deviation interval+1 σ in the upper extent of normal distribution, therefore compare with the fiber using in application of today, fibre length has a fibre length of the normal distribution that there is no standard deviation restriction---in the situation that of same aspect ratio and identical filling content---and draw the additional raising of available mating surface.
According to one of film of the present invention preferred embodiment in, the choosing of the packing material of the carrier layer of film is the group of following formation freely: phyllosilicate, mica, preferably through the mica of calcining, wollastonite, boron nitride, kaolin, preferably through the kaolin of calcining, montomorillonite and composition thereof.The machinery of having realized thus carrier layer strengthens, and this has improved the long-life according to film of the present invention.At this, term " phyllosilicate " comprises following compounds, wherein this enumerate do not should be understood to restrictive: gillespite group, ekanite group, fish-eye stone group, magadiite group, potassium zircon group, silicon cerium sodium stone group, water silico-calcium zircon group, okenite group, nekoite group, water silicon vanadium calcium stone group, pentagonite group, penkvilksite group, sodium beryllium zeolite group, A Huoshi group, monocline zirconium caesium osumilite group, Bussyite-(Ce), Plumbophyllit group, rhodesite group, delhyelite group, silicon alkali yttrium stone group, carbon canasite, talcum group, pyrophyllite group, muscovite group, phlogopite group, illite group, emerylite group, holmesite group, montmorillonite group, saponite group, vermiculite group, chlorite group, corrensite group, hydroxyl canbyite group, the plumbous stone group of silicon tellurium iron, Suhl stone group, sulphur sauconite group, kaolinite group, halloysite group, serpentine group, iron bismuth mineral group, bementite group, schallerite group, palygorskite group, sepiolite group, gyrolite group, water silico-calcium potassium stone group, silicon sodium stone group, horse water sodium silica group, watt slow stone group of thunder, water silicon sodium manganese ore group, interior silicomanganese sodium stone group, husky water silicomanganese sodium stone group, zeophyllite group, water silicon zinc calcium potassium stone group, draw grand stone group, petalite group, sanbornite group, searlesite group, silicon lithium sodium stone group, water silicon sodium stone group, yakovenchukite-(Y) group, cymrite group, naujakasite group, moral Meath Teng shellfish erg stone group, chlorine carbon sanbornite group, water aluminium melilite group, ganophyllite group, water chestnut silicon potassium iron-stone group, stilpnomelane group, sulphur silica group, chlorine ferrosilicon lead ore group, aluminium barysilite group, the plumbous stone of Si-Ca-Ba, armbrusterite group, britvinite group, class's silicomanganese stone group, carlosite group, ancient water silicon sodium stone group, ussingite group, leifite group, sodium ferrotitanium stone group, hydroxyl silicon potassium titanium stone group, middendorfite group.
Another preferred embodiment in, the packing material of carrier layer has 5%-70%, preferably 10%-50%, 15% to 35% weight quota most preferably.This has guaranteed enough combinations of packing material, so that can not cause due to too small tensile elongation internal intensity to reduce in the whole temperature range that film runs in the situation that environment causes or form crack.
Another preferred embodiment in, the fiber of carrier layer is sealed with crosslinking agent, this crosslinking agent is the gradient copolymer of maleation (randomcopolymer) preferably, it is preferably selected from alkene group.At this, crosslinking agent and term " curing agent (Schlichten) " are equal to.Conventional, the fiber of carrier layer is sealed with silane, organic titanate or organic zirconium acid esters.With crosslinking agent, be so-called curing agent carry out seal the improvement that causes the adhesion between polymer or polymer substrate and packing material.Frivolous sealing just has been enough to realize this effect.By the crosslinked functional membrane producing, react with reinforcing material and make its surface avoid sky G&W.At this, reinforcing material should be understood to the equivalent terms of packing material.Short stick molecule, preferably OH and/or OR group and the coordination of corresponding polymer substrate, to guarantee thus the coupling of filler and curing agent and polymer substrate.By using the gradient copolymer (randomcopolymer) of maleation, realized the crosslinking agent using with routine and compared the coupling through improving.
In another preferred embodiment, the group of the free following formation of the polymer of carrier layer choosing: polyamide, polyester, polyolefin, polyacrylate, benzene (Benzenole) and composition thereof.Thus, film according to the present invention obtains desired characteristic, such as impact resistance, rigidity and shape heat endurance.Polyester group also comprises Merlon (PC), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), PEN (PEN) and PET (PET).Polyolefin should be understood as to olefin polymer.In the mixture of making thus, can also use the monomer from following set of monomers: acrylonitrile, propylene, acrylate and styrene.
Another preferred embodiment in, the copolymer of carrier layer has polyamide, alkene, preferably propylene, polyacrylate or cinnamic monomeric unit.This has improved characteristic desired according to film of the present invention in the situation that equally, such as impact resistance, rigidity and shape heat endurance.
In another preferred embodiment, the polymer of carrier layer is copolymer, block copolymer, preferably di-block copolymer, more preferably triblock copolymer or its hydrogenated products.Thus, further improved desired characteristic, such as impact resistance, rigidity and shape heat endurance.
Another preferred embodiment in, carrier layer has polymer alloy, wherein this polymer alloy has this polymer and at least one other polymer, and wherein this other polymer preferably has and polyamide as monomeric unit or alkene, preferably propylene, polyacrylate or cinnamic copolymer.
According to polymer alloy of the present invention, also can comprise multiple different polymer.By mixing (compound) two or more polymer or copolymer, produce the so-called polyblend (also claiming mixture) with particular characteristics, the feature of described particular characteristics is impact resistance, rigidity and shape heat endurance especially.These characteristics especially realize by the phase coupling of block copolymer or graft copolymer.This and metal alloy are similar, and wherein alloy can have the diverse characteristic of the characteristic presenting with metal itself equally.Therefore, for example can in hard polymer phase (such as polypropylene (PP)), add for example elastic caoutchouc phase based on polybutadiene or ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM).Higher shape heat endurance for example can realize by the polymer alloy consisting of Merlon (PC) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS).Other example is the alloy of being made by polyphenylene oxide (PPO) and polystyrene (PS) or polyamide (PA), and it causes high temperature stability and impact resistance.
One preferred embodiment in, this other polymer is and alkene as monomeric unit, the preferred copolymer of propylene.Realized thus the high adhesion to pottery and inorganic filling material, this causes comparing with the polymer alloy with other polymer higher MVR (fusing volume fraction " melting volume rate ").This causes: during melting process during co-extrusion pressure in mixing portion, this polymer early, before the every other polymer of polymer alloy, the packing material inserting is crosslinked, described packing material is covered with frivolous functional adhesive linkage, and react with the cation, anion and/or the hydroxide that are positioned on inorganic filling material.Therefore the be enhanced coupling through improving of material, and without to applying curing agent or seal before actual combination process or expressing technique in order to realize the conventional packing material of same target.
The copolymer adding in addition advantageously has at least 1% and maximum 85%, preferably 1% to 30%, 1% to 5% weight quota most preferably.Enough combinations that this has guaranteed packing material, can not cause due to too small tensile elongation internal intensity to reduce or form crack in the whole temperature range that film is run in the situation that environment causes.
Another preferred embodiment in, the other polymer adding in carrier layer and/or intermediate layer or the other polymer adding is carboxylation, maleation or with 3-cyclobutane-1,2-diketone (C
2h
2o
2, also claim cyclobutanone) and grafting.This has improved the physical characteristic according to film of the present invention, and has promoted polymer and the stability of film thus.
Another preferred embodiment in, according to the polymer in the carrier layer of film of the present invention and/or intermediate layer or polymer alloy have at least 25%, preferably 50%-75%, more preferably 50%-85% and the weight quota of 65%-85% most preferably.Desired intensity, tear resistance and stability according to film of the present invention have been realized thus.
According to the present invention, the beginning task of mentioning also solves by a kind of method for the manufacture of the multilayer film for solar cell, and wherein the method comprises the spherical surface structure of weighing, reacting compound, filtration, coextrusion, surface treatment and carrying out peak valley degree of depth 10-20 μ m by means of air knife.At this, by weight scale, carry various polymer.After machine sucks polymer beads, described polymer beads is mixed under pressure, wherein also under pressure, melts and polymerization.In described fused mass, then add one or more reinforcing materials and/or packing material.After exhaust, under pressure, rub, and then under pressure, carry chemical material and by whole fused mass homogenising.After vacuumizing, re-start exhaust, then plastify, then compress, then carry out fused mass filtration.By adapter, proceed to dispensing and the conveying of nozzle.After coextrusion, then by chill roll, carry out crystallization or the partially crystallizable of polymer melt.Then, carry out surface treatment, and definite size.
In addition, the beginning task of mentioning solves by will multilayer film according to the present invention being used in solar cell.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below according to describing the present invention at the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3:
Fig. 1 shows the sectional view for the embodiment of the multilayer film of solar energy module.
Fig. 2 a shows the top view for the first exterior layer of the multilayer film of solar energy module.
Fig. 2 b shows its sectional view.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic configuration having according to the solar energy module of multilayer backside film of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
In Fig. 1, can find out the layer structure according to multilayer film 1 of the present invention, wherein with 2 the first exterior layers that represent the solar cell dorsad that contacts with environment facies.3 represent the intermediate layer between the first exterior layer 2 and carrier layer 4.5 represent in carrier layer 4 and another intermediate layer between the second exterior layer 6 of solar cell.Carrier layer 4 and/or intermediate layer 3 or 5 consist of olefin copolymer, styrene triblock copolymer, benzene copolymer, and have fibrous packing material.This packing material has the quality share of 15%-35%.The ratio of fibre length and fiber diameter was in 10: 1.Average fiber length is 4 μ m.As another copolymer, to the polymer alloy in carrier layer 4, add the randomcopolymer of maleation.This copolymer is carboxylation.This polymer alloy has the quality share of 65%-85%.
Exemplary multilayer film according to the present invention has spherical surface structure, and this can find out in Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b.At this, spherical surface structure forms as the mountain 7 of peak and as the paddy 8 of minimum point.The peak valley degree of depth, be that distance between mountain 7 and paddy 8 is 10-20 μ m.
Fig. 3 shows the exemplary solar energy module with a plurality of solar cells 9, and described solar cell 9 is embedded in insert material 10.This insert material 10 meets boundary in a side of environment or incident light dorsad with multilayer film 1 according to the present invention, and at the side towards environment or incident light and front side nappe 11Jie circle.
In so-called aeropulverizer, there is the manufacture of the fibrous packing material of high aspect ratio.The gas bundle that the material grinding sends by the grinding nozzle from special tectonic is caught, is accelerated and is grated by mutual particle collision.By being positioned at the dip-tube in grinding chamber, the static screening of micronized powder experience.Meticulous product sifts out from machine, too thick particle experience grinding load again.The adjustment of desired grinding fineness is loaded, is that product handling capacity is carried out by beam.Manufacture method is by integrating with sieve wheel in manufacturing process and optimize, and in described manufacturing process, " grinding " and " screening " function is separated from each other.The in the situation that of this so-called dynamic pneumatic jig device (a kind of mechanical separation method), particle is according to the ratio of the flow resistance in its inertia or gravity and air-flow and separated.This is a kind of sorting technique, and has utilized the principle of gravity or centrifugal force separate.Meticulous particle is followed this and is flowed, and thick particle is followed gravity.
By determination of laser diffraction method, the most often the method for use is carried out determining of granular size.The advantage of the method is from several nanometers until the very big measurement category of several millimeters.Therefore, can measure the mixture of nano particle, microparticle and grand particle or these systems.Measurement result illustrates as distribution curve, and its advantage is not only to obtain the statement about mean particle size, but also obtain the information about the minimum in sample, especially the largest particles.In addition, can identify it is several particle colonies (Unimodal Distribution) or a plurality of particle colonies (multimodal).
Claims (13)
1. the multilayer film for the dorsal part of solar energy module (1), comprise first exterior layer (2) of described solar cell dorsad, the second exterior layer (6) towards described solar cell, and the carrier layer (4) between described the first exterior layer (2) and described the second exterior layer (6), wherein between described carrier layer (4) and described exterior layer (2 and 6), be furnished with respectively intermediate layer (3 or 5), it is characterized in that, described carrier layer (4) has polymer and packing material, wherein said packing material has fiber, and wherein the ratio of fibre length and fiber diameter is 20: 1 to 5: 1, preferably 15: 1 to 5: 1, most preferably 15: 1 to 9: 1.
2. multilayer film as claimed in claim 1 (1), is characterized in that, the average fiber length of the fiber of described carrier layer (4) is less than 25 μ m, is preferably less than 12 μ m, is most preferably less than 4 μ m.
3. multilayer film as claimed in claim 1 or 2 (1), it is characterized in that, the choosing of the packing material of described carrier layer (4) is the group of following formation freely: phyllosilicate, mica, preferably through the mica of calcining, wollastonite, boron nitride, kaolin, preferably through the kaolin of calcining, montomorillonite and composition thereof.
4. the multilayer film as described in one of claims 1 to 3 (1), is characterized in that, the packing material of described carrier layer (4) has 5-70%, preferably 10-50%, the weight quota of 15-35% most preferably.
5. the multilayer film as described in one of claim 1 to 4 (1), it is characterized in that, the fiber of described carrier layer (4) is sealed with crosslinking agent, and described crosslinking agent is the gradient copolymer of maleation (randomcopolymer) preferably, and described gradient copolymer is preferably selected from alkene group.
6. the multilayer film as described in one of claim 1 to 5 (1), is characterized in that, the polymer choosing of described carrier layer (4) is the group of following formation freely: polyamide, polyester, polyolefin, polyacrylate, benzene and composition thereof.
7. the multilayer film as described in one of claim 1 to 6 (1), is characterized in that, the polymer of described carrier layer (4) is copolymer, block copolymer, preferably di-block copolymer, more preferably triblock copolymer or its hydrogenated products.
8. the multilayer film as described in one of claim 1 to 7 (1), is characterized in that, the copolymer of described carrier layer (4) has polyamide, alkene, preferred propylene, polyacrylate or styrene.
9. the multilayer film as described in one of claim 1 to 8 (1), it is characterized in that, described carrier layer (4) has polymer alloy, wherein said polymer alloy has described polymer and polymer that at least one is other, wherein said other polymer preferably with alkene as monomeric unit, the preferred copolymer of propylene.
10. multilayer film as claimed in claim 9 (1), is characterized in that, the described other polymer of described carrier layer (4) is carboxylation, maleation or with 3-cyclobutane-1, the grafting of 2-diketone.
11. multilayer films (1) as described in one of claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that, the polymer of described carrier layer (4) or polymer alloy have at least 25%, preferably 50%-75%, more optimum 50%-85%, the weight quota of 65%-85% most preferably.
12. 1 kinds of methods for the manufacture of the multilayer film as described in one of claim 1 to 11 (1), is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
A) weigh;
B) react compound;
C) filter;
D) coextrusion;
E) surface treatment;
F) by means of air knife, carry out the spherical surface structure that the peak valley degree of depth is 10-20 μ m.
13. 1 kinds are used in the application in solar cell by the multilayer film as described in one of claim 1 to 11 (1).
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| ATA50205/2013A AT514090B1 (en) | 2013-03-26 | 2013-03-26 | Multilayer film for the back of a solar module |
| ATA50205/2013 | 2013-03-26 |
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2013
- 2013-03-26 AT ATA50205/2013A patent/AT514090B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2014
- 2014-03-24 WO PCT/EP2014/055793 patent/WO2014154609A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-03-26 CN CN201410117904.2A patent/CN104070755A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102343699A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2012-02-08 | 埃姆斯·帕特恩特股份有限公司 | Multilayer backsheet for photovoltaic modules, and its production and use in the production of photovoltaic modules |
| US20120325306A1 (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-12-27 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fire resistant back-sheet for photovoltaic module |
| CN102738275A (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2012-10-17 | 苏州尚善新材料科技有限公司 | Solar cell assembly backplane and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2014154609A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
| AT514090B1 (en) | 2015-02-15 |
| AT514090A1 (en) | 2014-10-15 |
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