CN104062047A - Resistance-strain type load sensor for high-pressure hydrogen sulfide environment - Google Patents
Resistance-strain type load sensor for high-pressure hydrogen sulfide environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN104062047A CN104062047A CN201410203168.2A CN201410203168A CN104062047A CN 104062047 A CN104062047 A CN 104062047A CN 201410203168 A CN201410203168 A CN 201410203168A CN 104062047 A CN104062047 A CN 104062047A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a resistance-strain type load sensor for a high-pressure hydrogen sulfide environment. The resistance-strain type load sensor comprises an upper housing, a lower housing and an elastomer; the elastomer is connected with the upper housing and the lower housing through threads; foil type strain sheets are uniformly distributed in the middle part of the elastomer and are adhered to the elastomer, wherein each foil type strain sheet comprises a sensitive grid, a base, a covering layer and an outlet line; the sensitive grid is adhered between the base and the covering layer through adhesive; the outlet line is connected with the sensitive grid, and the sensitive grid is manufactured through iron-based alloy; a hydrogen transmitting separating film is arranged on the surface of the sensitive grid; the iron-based alloy comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 15 to 25% of chromium, 2 to 7% of nickel, 2 to 6% of molybdenum, 1 to 6% of aluminum, the balance of iron. With the adoption of the resistance-strain type load sensor for the high-pressure hydrogen sulfide environment, the shortcoming of large zero drifting and creeping are caused by corrosion damage of the existing load sensor under the high-pressure hydrogen sulfide environment and hydrogen invasion is overcome, the accuracy and stability of the measurement result are ensured, and the service life of thee senor is also prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of load transducer, particularly a kind of high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment resistance-strain type load transducer.
Background technology
Along with the increase gradually to hydrocarbon resources demand, the exploitation quantity increasing year by year in acid-soluble oil gas field.In whole performance history, have to face the threat of hydrogen sulfide corrosion.Sulfuretted hydrogen not only can be used as acid medium and causes corrosion of metal or perforation, and the hydrogen that sulfuretted hydrogen produces can make with metal reaction time keeps state of atom, hydrogen atom invades the hydrogen damage that metal inside can cause the various ways such as equipment generation hydrogen induced cracking, stress corrosion crack, this greatly reduces the military service performance of material, and serious threat is to the safety in production in acid-soluble oil gas field.
Therefore under hydrogen-sulfide environmental, the stress-strain measurement of material is just essential.Wherein, strain gage testing is to use measuring method the most widely.But under hydrogen-sulfide environmental, common resistance-strain sector-meeting is due to hydrogen sulfide corrosion fracture or change because the intrusion of hydrogen causes resistivity, thereby causes foil gauge to lose efficacy or produce very large zero point drift.Therefore the adaptability that has influence on foil gauge, Stability and veracity that, sulfuretted hydrogen can be serious.This just causes common foil gauge to be not suitable for the stress-strain measurement under high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment, need to develop special foil gauge under a kind of high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment.
At present, the research of China aspect sensor is also in the relatively backward stage, especially high-precision pressure transducer.The high precision needing in Aero-Space, field of petrochemical industry, the pressure transducer of high stability rely on import for a long time.This badly influences need of production, the obstruction independent technological innovation of China.
But, China due to the exploitation of high-hydrogen sulfide oil gas field (with general phosgene Tian Wei representative) in the technology aspect high pressure of hydrogen sulfide oil-gas field development in world's higher level.And possesses perfect high-hydrogen sulfide production of hydrocarbons development ability.But, aspect the safety guarantee of China in high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment, still need further reinforcement: lack material/complete machine permanance testing equipment and technology in high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment, do not there is the ability of the material in high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment being carried out to direct safety detection.Therefore,, in order to ensure the serviceable life of material in high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment and operation safely and reliably, must strengthen the technical research aspect high pressure of hydrogen sulfide system security assurance.Wherein, under high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment, stress-strain measurement is the gordian technique that realizes safety detection.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of load transducer of measuring material stress strain under high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment that is specifically designed to, invade to overcome existing load transducer self corrosion and damage and hydrogen hydrogen under high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment the deficiency that produces larger zero point drift and creep, ensure the Stability and veracity of measurement result, extended the serviceable life of sensor.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment resistance-strain type load transducer, comprise sensor upper casing, sensor lower casing and elastic body, elastic body respectively with sensor upper casing, sensor lower casing is threaded, elastic body middle part is evenly equipped with foil gage, foil gage and elastic body are bonding, foil gage comprises sensitive grid, substrate, overlayer and extension line, sensitive grid is bonded between substrate and overlayer by adhesive, extension line connects sensitive grid, the making material of sensitive grid is ferrous alloy, sensitive grid surface is provided with one deck hydrogen and penetrates barrier film, described ferrous alloy is consisting of of each element by mass percentage: chromium 15-25%, nickel 2-7%, molybdenum 2-6%, aluminium 1-6%, iron surplus.
As preferably, the thickness of described sensitive grid is 5 μ m-20 μ m.
As preferably, described hydrogen penetrates barrier film and is made up of iron transition bed and alumin(i)um zinc alloy layer, hydrogen penetrates barrier film and adds that first to adopt magnetron sputtering technique man-hour be that 10-100nm metallic iron forms iron transition bed in sensitive grid surface deposition a layer thickness, and then depositing a layer thickness is the alumin(i)um zinc alloy formation alumin(i)um zinc alloy layer of 10-100nm again.
As preferably, described alumin(i)um zinc alloy is consisting of of each element by mass percentage: zinc 5%-30%, aluminium surplus.
As preferably, magnetron sputtering technique machined parameters is: be evacuated to 6.7 × 10
-3pa, is heated to 300 DEG C, and under 400 V high pressure, after Ar Ion Cleaning, under 60V voltage, first deposition forms iron transition bed, and then deposition forms aluminium thin layer.Adopt such parameter, processing effect is good.
As preferably, described barrier film surface is gone back using plasma oxidation technology and is processed with the protective layer of alumina that a layer thickness is 1nm-10nm.
As preferably, plasma oxidation technology machined parameters is: the RF source frequencies of use is 10-15MHz, and radio frequency source power is 2W/cm
2, source of the gas is the mixed gas that the volume ratio according to 5-10:1 of argon gas and oxygen mixes, and gas flow is 49sccm, and reaction chamber air pressure is 1 × 10
4-8 × 10
4pa, the control of sensitive grid temperature is 250 DEG C, oxidization time is 0. 5-2. 5h.Adopt such parameter, processing effect is good.
As preferably, sensor upper casing, sensor lower casing and elastomeric material all adopt C-276 Hastelloy.Because corrosion phenomenon under high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment is serious, therefore, sensor upper casing, sensor lower casing and elastomeric material all adopt C-276 Hastelloy, significantly hydrogen sulfide corrosion-resistant.
Foil gage is the core component that the load transducer under high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment is measured, and the core component that foil gauge is measured is sensitive grid, therefore, emphasis of the present invention has improved the material of sensitive grid, adopt the ferrous alloy of specific proportioning, because ferrous alloy is body-centered cubic structure, there is the saturated solid solubility of extremely low hydrogen, therefore sensitive grid internal hydrogen content is very low.So the load transducer preparing with this material has zero point drift, the little feature of creep under high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment.In addition, the fill a prescription corrosivity of resistance to sulfuretted hydrogen of ferrous alloy of the present invention is good, especially adding of molybdenum element, has greatly improved the corrosivity of resistance to sulfuretted hydrogen.
Because content major part in sensitive grid material is iron, depositing of iron transition bed is beneficial to the adhesion that improves aluminium thin layer and matrix; The alumin(i)um zinc alloy of the specific proportioning of the present invention has extremely low hydrogen diffusion coefficient, can effectively stop the intrusion of hydrogen, and the corrosivity of the resistance to sulfuretted hydrogen of alumin(i)um zinc alloy is good simultaneously.Hydrogen with interstitial atom form diffusion, have very high penetrating power, and hydrogen mainly exists with molecular state in oxide in metal, and oxide can suppress hydrogen molecule and be dissociated into hydrogen atom, thereby stops hydrogen to spread to metallic matrix.Therefore preferred, the present invention utilizes plasma oxidation technology to prepare the ultra-thin compact aluminum oxide layer (1nm ~ 10nm) of one deck on barrier film surface, thereby has hindered again the intrusion of hydrogen, and the corrosivity of resistance to sulfuretted hydrogen is good simultaneously.Like this, extremely low at the hydrogen content that can invade sensitive grid after alumina layer and barrier film, simultaneously the corrosivity of resistance to sulfuretted hydrogen is good, and sensitive grid material itself also has the saturated solid solubility of lower hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide corrosion-resistant well.Finally, invade hydrogen richness in sensitive grid material very low in environment, the corrosivity of resistance to sulfuretted hydrogen is good simultaneously, thereby invades by hydrogen the zero point drift and the creep that produce and will be suppressed, and the long service life of sensor.
Under high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment, this novel sensitive grid of the present invention can effectively overcome under high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment that self corrosion and damage and hydrogen are invaded and the zero point drift that causes and the problem of creep with respect to traditional sensitive grid, thereby ensure the Stability and veracity of the last measurement result of sensor, extended sensor serviceable life.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: under high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment, self corrosion and damage and hydrogen are invaded and the zero point drift that causes and the problem of creep, thereby ensured the Stability and veracity of the last measurement result of sensor, extended sensor serviceable life.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of one of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to diagram.
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation of foil gage of the present invention.
In figure: 1, sensor upper casing, 2, sensor lower casing, 3, elastic body, 4, foil gage, 41, sensitive grid, 42, substrate, 43, overlayer, 44, extension line, 5, cable.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
In the present invention, if not refer in particular to, raw material and the equipment etc. adopting all can be buied from market or this area is conventional.Method in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is the conventional method of this area.
Embodiment 1:
Load transducer under a kind of high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment is (as Fig. 1, shown in 2), comprise sensor upper casing 1, sensor lower casing 2 and elastic body 3, sensor upper casing 1, the making material of sensor lower casing 2 and elastic body 3 all adopts C-276 Hastelloy (commercially available), elastic body 3 respectively with sensor upper casing 1, sensor lower casing 2 is threaded, elastic body 3 middle parts are evenly equipped with foil gage 4, there is a slice foil gage 4 each the centre of four faces at elastic body 3 middle parts, before elastic body 3 middle parts, foil gage 4 lateral arrangement (with reference to accompanying drawing 3) on rear surface, elastic body 3 left sides, middle part, foil gage 4 at right surface is longitudinally arranged, foil gage 4 is bonding with elastic body 3, foil gage 4 comprises sensitive grid 41, substrate 42(can adopt conventional glass fabric), overlayer 43(can adopt conventional polytetrafluoroethylene film) and extension line 44(is as shown in Figure 3), thereby extension line 44 is connected on cable 5 data is exported, the thickness of sensitive grid 41 is 3 μ m, sensitive grid 41 is bonded between substrate 42 and overlayer 43 by adhesive, extension line 44 connects sensitive grid 41 two ends, the making material of sensitive grid is ferrous alloy, ferrous alloy is consisting of of each element by mass percentage: chromium 15%, nickel 7%, molybdenum 6%, aluminium 6%, iron 66%.
When sensitive grid is made, first ferrous alloy is pressed into the paillon foil that thickness is 5 μ m, then the figure that adopts conventional optical etching technology to produce design in foil surfaces obtains sensitive grid, then penetrate barrier film at sensitive grid surface working one deck hydrogen, hydrogen penetrates barrier film and is made up of iron transition bed and alumin(i)um zinc alloy layer, hydrogen penetrates barrier film and adds that first to adopt magnetron sputtering technique man-hour be that 10nm metallic iron forms iron transition bed in sensitive grid surface deposition a layer thickness, and then depositing a layer thickness is the alumin(i)um zinc alloy formation alumin(i)um zinc alloy layer of 10nm again.Alumin(i)um zinc alloy is consisting of of each element by mass percentage: zinc 30%, aluminium 70%.
Magnetron sputtering technique machined parameters is: be evacuated to 6.7 × 10
-3pa, is heated to 300 DEG C, and under 400 V high pressure, after Ar Ion Cleaning, under 60V voltage, first deposition forms iron transition bed, and then deposition forms aluminium thin layer.
Barrier film surface is gone back using plasma oxidation technology and is processed with the protective layer of alumina that a layer thickness is 1nm.Plasma oxidation technology machined parameters is: the RF source frequencies of use is 10MHz, and radio frequency source power is 2W/cm
2, source of the gas is the mixed gas that the volume ratio according to 5:1 of argon gas and oxygen mixes, and gas flow is 49sccm, and reaction chamber air pressure is 1 × 10
4pa, the control of sensitive grid temperature is 250 DEG C, oxidization time is 0. 5h.
Embodiment 2:
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: the thickness of sensitive grid is 20 μ m, and ferrous alloy is consisting of of each element by mass percentage: ferrous alloy is consisting of of each element by mass percentage: chromium 25%, nickel 2%, molybdenum 2%, aluminium 1%, iron 70%; Iron transition region thickness is 100nm, and alumin(i)um zinc alloy layer thickness is 100nm.Alumin(i)um zinc alloy is consisting of of each element by mass percentage: zinc 5%, aluminium 95%.
Protective layer of alumina thickness is 10nm, and plasma oxidation technology machined parameters is: the RF source frequencies of use is 15MHz, and radio frequency source power is 2W/cm
2, source of the gas is the mixed gas that the volume ratio according to 10:1 of argon gas and oxygen mixes, and gas flow is 49sccm, and reaction chamber air pressure is 8 × 10
4pa, the control of sensitive grid temperature is 250 DEG C, oxidization time is 2. 5h.
The other the same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 3:
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: the thickness of sensitive grid is 15 μ m, and ferrous alloy is consisting of of each element by mass percentage: chromium 10%, nickel 5%, molybdenum 4%, aluminium 4%, iron 77%; Iron transition region thickness is 100nm, and alumin(i)um zinc alloy layer thickness is 100nm.Alumin(i)um zinc alloy is consisting of of each element by mass percentage: zinc 20%, aluminium 80%.
Protective layer of alumina thickness is 5nm, and plasma oxidation technology machined parameters is: the RF source frequencies of use is 12MHz, and radio frequency source power is 2W/cm
2, source of the gas is the mixed gas that the volume ratio according to 7:1 of argon gas and oxygen mixes, and gas flow is 49sccm, and reaction chamber air pressure is 5 × 10
4pa, the control of sensitive grid temperature is 250 DEG C, oxidization time is 1.5h.
The other the same as in Example 1.
Load transducer of the present invention is placed the zero point drift≤100 μ m/m of 20h under 120Mpa high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment, and creep≤100 μ m/m, has ensured the Stability and veracity of measurement result, and extended serviceable life.
Above-described embodiment is preferably scheme of one of the present invention, not the present invention is done to any pro forma restriction, also has other variant and remodeling under the prerequisite that does not exceed the technical scheme that claim records.
Claims (8)
1. a high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment resistance-strain type load transducer, comprise sensor upper casing, sensor lower casing and elastic body, elastic body respectively with sensor upper casing, sensor lower casing is threaded, it is characterized in that: elastic body middle part is evenly equipped with foil gage, foil gage and elastic body are bonding, foil gage comprises sensitive grid, substrate, overlayer and extension line, sensitive grid is bonded between substrate and overlayer by adhesive, extension line connects sensitive grid, the making material of sensitive grid is ferrous alloy, sensitive grid surface is provided with one deck hydrogen and penetrates barrier film, described ferrous alloy is consisting of of each element by mass percentage: chromium 15-25%, nickel 2-7%, molybdenum 2-6%, aluminium 1-6%, iron surplus.
2. high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment resistance-strain type load transducer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thickness of described sensitive grid is 5 μ m-20 μ m.
3. high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment resistance-strain type load transducer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described hydrogen penetrates barrier film and is made up of iron transition bed and alumin(i)um zinc alloy layer, hydrogen penetrates barrier film and adds that first to adopt magnetron sputtering technique man-hour be that 10-100nm metallic iron forms iron transition bed in sensitive grid surface deposition a layer thickness, and then depositing a layer thickness is the alumin(i)um zinc alloy formation alumin(i)um zinc alloy layer of 10-100nm again.
4. high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment resistance-strain type load transducer according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described alumin(i)um zinc alloy is consisting of of each element by mass percentage: zinc 5%-30%, aluminium surplus.
5. high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment resistance-strain type load transducer according to claim 3, is characterized in that: magnetron sputtering technique machined parameters is: be evacuated to 6.7 × 10
-3pa, is heated to 300 DEG C, and under 400 V high pressure, after Ar Ion Cleaning, under 60V voltage, first deposition forms iron transition bed, and then deposition forms aluminium thin layer.
6. high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment resistance-strain type load transducer according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described barrier film surface is gone back using plasma oxidation technology and is processed with the protective layer of alumina that a layer thickness is 1nm-10nm.
7. high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment resistance-strain type load transducer according to claim 6, is characterized in that: plasma oxidation technology machined parameters is: the RF source frequencies of use is 10-15MHz, radio frequency source power is 2W/cm
2, source of the gas is the mixed gas that the volume ratio according to 5-10:1 of argon gas and oxygen mixes, and gas flow is 49sccm, and reaction chamber air pressure is 1 × 10
4-8 × 10
4pa, the control of sensitive grid temperature is 250 DEG C, oxidization time is 0. 5-2. 5h.
8. high pressure of hydrogen sulfide environment resistance-strain type load transducer according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: sensor upper casing, sensor lower casing and elastomeric material all adopt C-276 Hastelloy.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105067166A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-18 | 北京工业大学 | Sleeve type force transducer for support structures |
| WO2016197429A1 (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2016-12-15 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Resistance strain gage and resistance strain sensor |
| US20220307968A1 (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-09-29 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Laboratory apparatus for hydrogen permeation electrochemicalmeasurements under high pressure, temperature and tensile stress |
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| JPS60239641A (en) * | 1984-05-15 | 1985-11-28 | Kubota Ltd | Pressure resistant explosion-proof type load cell |
| CN1094454A (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 1994-11-02 | 重庆特殊钢厂 | A kind of iron-base anti-corrosion alloy |
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| WO2016197429A1 (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2016-12-15 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Resistance strain gage and resistance strain sensor |
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| US20220307968A1 (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-09-29 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Laboratory apparatus for hydrogen permeation electrochemicalmeasurements under high pressure, temperature and tensile stress |
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| CN104062047B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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