Background technology
Architectural pottery requirement has certain mechanical strength, and building ceramics requirement in part has higher mechanical strength, with
Meet stress use condition and processing request.Floor tile requires there is higher mechanical strength, such as compression strength.The machinery of floor tile
Intensity depends mainly on material, structure, while related to its process.Ceramic material mechanical strength is smaller, essentially without
To do floor tile, floor tile often selects porcelain or Shi materials, relative to ceramic material, the mechanical strength of porcelain or Shi materials
It is high;Configuration aspects depend primarily on the effect of ceramics, such as floor tile, and intensity is just higher than individual layer by the way of densification is laminated,
And have a relation with size, such as 600 are multiplied by 600,800 and are multiplied by 800 or 1000 ceramic tiles for being multiplied by 1000 specifications, respective intensity
It is different, with the raising of production technology, in the case where meeting intensity requirement, the ceramic tile dimension of ceramic tile manufacturer production
Just progressively become big;The variation (such as maximum sintering temperature, soaking time, underburnt or burning) of architectural pottery manufacturing condition is right
The influence of floor tile mechanical strength is fairly obvious, and therefore, intensity is also to examine the important finger of current technology situation and product homogeneity
Mark.
So-called compression strength, i.e. material section is acted on by compression (extruding) power and the maximum stress of breakage is referred to as pressure resistance
Degree, is represented in units of MPa.Require that the parallel compression face nonparallelism of sample two such as floor tile are less than 0.1mm/cm, do not hang down during test
Straight degree degree is less than 0.2mm/cm, and surface is forbidden have obvious crackle and other defect, and the compression strength of ceramic tile can use omnipotent material section
Testing machine measures.
Certainly, when discussing the mechanical strength of general ceramic material, the chemical bond of material molecule is often thoroughly discussed, such as
Covalent key or ion key material have bigger hardness and intensity, and molecule key mechanical strength is often smaller.National standard
Mechanical strength Testing index of GB/T4100.1-2006 using breakdown strength (modulus of rupture) as building ceramic tiles, it is specified that:Porcelain
Matter brick breakdown strength is not less than 35MPa;Shi porcelain Ceramic Tiles modulus of rupture average values are not less than 30MPa;Thin Shi matter brick fracture
Modulus average value is not less than 22MPa;Shi matter brick modulus of rupture average values are not less than 18MPa;The modulus of rupture of pottery brick is averaged
Value is not less than 15MPa.
In a kind of ceramic tile of the natural cavity stone imitation occurred at present, by special material and processing technology, class can be formed
The same hole stone texture structure of natural cavity stone is similar to, available for replacement natural cavity stone as construction material.
In natural travertine stone-imitated tile, two kinds can be divided into, a kind of to have true hole, ceramic tile is carved in process of production
Meaning generation hole, for example with some heated parts for producing gas material as fabric, material is heated when firing
Gas is produced, gas distributes the hole so as to surface from fabric.This natural travertine stone-imitated tile and natural cavity stone compare
It is close.Another natural travertine stone-imitated tile, then it is on the basis of the first, caused hole is filled out using transparency material
Fill, hole is appeared to have so as to form one kind, but touch up the ceramic tile that no hole is felt, the benefit of this ceramic tile is, can
Using as ground tile paving, and because hole is filled, will not shelter evil people and countenance evil practices, it is convenient for cleaning, while the day of hole stone is remained again
Right aesthetic feeling.
Upper market has above two ceramic tile selling at present, but in reality in use, natural travertine stone-imitated tile exists
There are many places for being not so good as people's will in building, the use especially in terms of floor tile, such as compression strength is weaker, due to imitative
Hole is provided with the internal structure of natural cavity stone ceramic tile, no matter whether the hole is filled, the presence of hole causes porcelain
Brick is uneven on three-dimensional thickness, and because the distribution of hole is random, therefore the presence of hole is to the stress of whole tile
Influence to be also random, the intensity of each block of ceramic tile of production is also random, and the ceramic tile for usually easily occurring producing is strong
Degree is inadequate, is not used to situation about being broken among building or during transport, use.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, and present example is shown in the drawings, although invention will be described in conjunction with the embodiments, it should be appreciated that it is simultaneously
These embodiments have to be limited the invention to.On the contrary, this invention is intended to cover to may include what is limited in appended claims
Replacement, modification and equivalents in spirit and scope.In addition, in described below to the embodiment of the present invention, it is proposed that very
More details are so that the present invention is thoroughly understood.It is however, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that specific without these
Details can also implement the present invention.In other examples, in order to unnecessarily obscure the aspect of the present invention, it is not described in detail known
Method, process, part.
Some parts following detailed description of are according to module, part, construction etc. and pair can used in Structure Design Software
Other symbols represent to propose.These descriptions and represent it is used in the technical staff of ceramics manufacture, in order to by its work
Essence be most effectively communicated to the means of the other technical staff in the field.It has been proved that the primarily to public original used
Cause, it is sometimes convenient that these structures or component are referred to as layer, block, element, area, density etc..
However, should keep firmly in mind, all these and similar terms should be associated with appropriate physical quantity and be only
Convenient suitable for this tittle marks.Unless specifically stated otherwise, otherwise as described below in apparent to, it should be understood that whole
In the present invention, term used is discussed, such as " association " or " process " or " superposition " or " needs " or " it is determined that " or " repetition " or " hold
OK " or " detection " or " guiding " etc., action and the process of ceramic structure or ceramic manufacturing equipment are referred to.
Fig. 1 illustrates artificial hole stone ceramic tile longitudinal cross-section structure chart.
In Fig. 1, the artificial longitudinal cross-section of hole stone ceramic tile 100 is shown, the longitudinal cross-section shows initial bed 110, and
There are at least two constructions in the precoat 120 being layered on initial bed 110, the precoat, be transparent porcelain portion respectively
122 and opaque porcelain portion 121.The main of porcelain portion is inorganic non-metallic material, when the weight of inorganic non-metallic material
Can is referred to as porcelain portion when amount component is more than 95%, in general preparation process, inorganic non-metallic material in porcelain portion
Components by weight percent be more than 99%, or porcelain portion in all inorganic non-metallic materials, it is necessary to explanation, artificial hole in practice
Stone ceramic tile, the distributed random of the porcelain portion 122 of printing opacity in precoat 120, and it is shape, not of uniform size, similar to day
The aesthetic appearance of right hole stone.
Raw material required for the preparation of initial bed is more universal, is referred to prior art processes can and is prepared.
The raw material of the preparation in lighttight porcelain portion is also more universal, is also achieved now in technology disclosed in majority
The formula in printing opacity porcelain portion is prepared, such as a kind of more universal formula is:Albite 50~70%, burn talcum:10~
14%, barium carbonate:6~10%, zinc oxide:0~3%, calcite:6~8%, boric acid:6~12%, and can include a small amount of
The other components for not influenceing transparent effect, the weight sum of each component is 100% in printing opacity porcelain portion, can pass through conventional burning
Technique processed obtains.
Artificial hole stone ceramic tile shown in the embodiment of the present invention can be prepared using existing production technology.
Fig. 2 illustrates artificial hole stone ceramic tile plane schematic top plan view.
In Fig. 2, show the artificial plane of hole stone ceramic tile 100 and overlook form, show square in the embodiment of the present invention
Artificial hole stone ceramic tile, but the regular shapes such as rectangle can also be according to actual conditions, artificial hole stone ceramic tile.
Geometric relative edge midpoint line be present in the square artificial hole stone ceramic tile that the embodiment of the present invention is shown
130, and the intersection point 131 of two lines 130.
Fig. 3 illustrates common artificial hole stone ceramic tile hole distribution schematic diagram.
In Fig. 3, the artificial hole of hole stone ceramic tile 100 distribution of common square is shown, the artificial hole stone ceramic tile of square
Size is the size commonly used in building, such as 600CM*600CM, 800CM*800CM, 1000CM*1000CM etc., illustrates in Fig. 3
The square 100 geometric two relative edge midpoint lines 130 of artificial hole stone ceramic tile are marked to property, and certainly exist
The intersection point of two relative edge midpoint lines, do not mark in this figure, particular location is referred to shown in Fig. 2.It is important to note that
The relative edge midpoint line 130 of the sign is set as the long tape region that width is 1CM.
Transparent porcelain portion 122 and opaque porcelain portion 121, shown transparent porcelain are also schematically marked in Fig. 3
It is the shape of portion 122, not of uniform size, and the random distribution on the artificial hole stone ceramic tile 100 of the square, formation are similar to natural cavity stone
Aesthetic appearance.The hole that transparent porcelain portion 122 is formed in Fig. 3 is where the artificial precoat of ceramic tile 100 of the square
One side random distribution, including be distributed in two and set long tape area determined by width as 1CM relative edge midpoint line 130
In the range of domain, and it is possible to be distributed in two and set long tape friendship determined by width as 1CM relative edge midpoint line 130
In crunode region.
Found according to research, for the artificial hole stone ceramic tile of regular geometric figure such as square, rectangle, due to hole
The distribution in hole is that the hole that random therefore bright porcelain portion 122 is formed is distributed in two and sets relative edge of the width as 1CM
Determined by midpoint line 130 in long tape regional extent, so that the stress local distribution of the artificial hole stone ceramic tile is not
, especially in the long tape regional extent, the critical value that can meet with stresses than the long tape regional extent outside it is bright
Aobvious to reduce, when being partly or wholly pressurized, due to meeting with stresses in long tape regional extent, to reach Hooke effect critical
Value, causes deformation to exceed the artificial hole stone ceramic tile entirety deformation values, and the last artificial hole stone ceramic tile partly or wholly occurs
Irreversible breakage so that the intensity of the artificial hole stone ceramic tile is less than the intensity of general polished glazed tile, in manufacture, transport and uses
During can not effective guarantee ceramic tile or even building quality.
Fig. 4 illustrates artificial hole stone ceramic tile hole distribution schematic diagram in one embodiment of the invention.
The reason for by being easily broken off to existing conventional artificial hole stone ceramic tile, is analyzed, and artificial hole stone is established with reference to Hooke effect
Ceramic tile stress distribution model, each point upper stress and stressing conditions on artificial hole stone ceramic tile precoat are calculated, draw artificial hole stone
The hole preferred distribution of ceramic tile, it can effectively mitigate influence of the hole to artificial hole stone ceramic tile intensity.
In Fig. 4, artificial hole stone ceramic tile hole distribution in one embodiment of the invention is shown.The hole of the artificial hole stone ceramic tile
Hole is obvious in two distributions set determined by width as 1CM relative edge midpoint line 130 in long tape cross-point region
It is small compared with the density beyond region.
Calculated and learnt according to stress distribution model, two set determined by width as 1CM relative edge midpoint line 130
Long tape overlay area is the region that stress distribution is concentrated, if the density by reducing the region hole, can substantially be carried
The intensity in the high region.
Therefore, design in preferable stress distribution model, described two set relative edge midpoint line of the width as 1CM
Exist determined by 130 in long tape region hole area divided by it is described two set width as 1CM relative edge midpoint connect
The gross area in long tape region determined by line 130, draw the density of hole on the line of relative edge midpoint be present, be labeled as
ρMidpoint line;By the total of hole area present on the artificial hole stone ceramic tile precoat of monoblock divided by the artificial hole stone ceramic tile precoat of monoblock
Area, ceramic tile ensemble average aperture density is drawn, labeled as ρIt is average。
Therefore, according to stress distribution model, when hole being present on the relative edge midpoint line of the artificial hole stone ceramic tile
Density pMidpoint lineLess than the ceramic tile ensemble average aperture density ρIt is averageWhen, the intensity with regard to artificial hole stone ceramic tile can be improved.
Preferably, the ρMidpoint lineLess than the ρIt is average/2。
Preferably, the ρMidpoint lineLess than the ρIt is average/3。
Preferably, the ρMidpoint lineLess than the ρIt is average/4。
Preferably, artificial hole stone ceramic tile relative edge midpoint line point of intersection is without hole.
Preferably, the ρMidpoint line=0, and, hole is not present on the line of artificial hole stone ceramic tile relative edge midpoint.
In order to verify described hole stress distribution model, and the ρMidpoint line, the ρIt is averageProportionate relationship and artificial hole stone
The corresponding relation of ceramic tile intensity, by requiring that the artificial hole stone ceramic tile of actual production designs testing experiment according to above-mentioned parameter to above-mentioned
Tested, and test comparison is done with the artificial hole stone ceramic tile of in general.
In order to express easily, require the artificial hole stone ceramic tile of actual production respectively with sample A, sample according to above-mentioned parameter to above-mentioned
Product B, sample C, sample D, sample E and sample F are indicated, and comparative example is indicated with G.The sample has according to embodiment
Body parameter request manufactures:
Sample A ρIt is averageHave for 77.58%, sample A ρMidpoint lineFor 69.12%;
Sample B ρIt is averageHave for 75.15%, sample B ρMidpoint lineFor 34.99%;
Sample C ρIt is averageHave for 75.88%, sample C ρMidpoint lineFor 22.96%;
Sample D ρIt is averageHave for 76.82%, sample D ρMidpoint lineFor 11.01%;
Sample E ρIt is averageHave for 77.14%, sample E ρMidpoint lineFor 33.38%, and artificial hole stone ceramic tile relative edge midpoint
Line point of intersection is without hole;
The ρ of sample FIt is averageHave for 76.07%, the ρ of sample FMidpoint lineFor 0%;
Comparative example G is the artificial hole stone ceramic tile commonly produced, and parameter is as follows:
Comparative example G ρIt is averageHave for 76.47%, sample G ρMidpoint lineFor 77.01%.
Every kind of sample is 6 pieces, in order to coordinate omnipotent material section testing machine test material size, according to the three of standard ceramic tile kinds
Size 600CM*600CM, 800CM*800CM, 1000CM*1000CM Scaling be 600MM*600MM, 800MM*800MM,
Tri- kinds of sizes of 1000MM*1000MM, every kind of each 2 pieces of size, are prepared according to normal process and pattern.
Sample all polishes by surface polishing, and finish is up to 4, and all samples corner N/D, and surface is without splitting
Line, dimensional tolerance meet above-mentioned regulation, and the parallel compression face nonparallelism of sample two is less than 0.1MM/CM, and non-perpendicularity is less than
0.2MM/CM。
Test equipment is full sized brick Special universal material section testing machine, adjustable 600MM*600MM, 800MM*800MM,
1000MM*1000MM third gear full sized brick test sizes.
Strength calculation formula is:
Intensity (MPa)=failing load (KN)/sample precoat area (MM2)。
The sample A test result tables of table 1
Sample A mean intensity is:29.97MPa.
The sample B test result tables of table 2
Sample B mean intensity is:31.8MPa.
The sample C test result tables of table 3
Sample C mean intensity is:32.27MPa.
The sample D test result tables of table 4
Sample D mean intensity is:34.65MPa.
The sample E test result tables of table 5
Sample E mean intensity is:32.17MPa.
The sample F test result table of table 6
The mean intensity of sample F is:39.62MPa.
The comparative sample G test result tables of table 7
Comparative sample G mean intensity is:27.9MPa.
The test result summary sheet of table 8
According to testing experiment, possess the embodiment of the present invention and require the mean intensity that sample A to the F experiments of parameter obtain, with
Common artificial hole stone ceramic tile comparative sample G mean intensity, is indicated when the relative edge midpoint line of the artificial hole stone ceramic tile
On hole be present density p midpoint line be less than the ceramic tile ensemble average aperture density ρ mean times, just can improve artificial hole stone
The intensity of ceramic tile.And as the density p midpoint line that hole be present on the relative edge midpoint line of the artificial hole stone ceramic tile is got over
Level off to 0, the intensity level is higher, and sample F has been higher by 11.72MPa, and the artificial hole stone porcelain compared with comparative sample G
In the case of existing on the relative edge midpoint line of brick similar in the density p midpoint line of hole, if the artificial hole stone ceramic tile
Relative edge midpoint line point of intersection can also can improve artificial hole stone ceramic tile intensity without hole.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in association with specific embodiment.These descriptions are intended merely to explain the present invention's
Principle, and limiting the scope of the invention can not be construed in any way.Based on explanation herein, the technology of this area
Personnel would not require any inventive effort the other embodiments that can associate the present invention, and these modes are fallen within
Within protection scope of the present invention.