Bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank preparation method and frock used
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank centre spinning method and frock used.
Background technology
The centrifugal founding of sensing heating-granule is to load in box hat by the alloying pellet of prefabricated qualified composition, it is placed in intermediate frequency inductor and rotates around axle center, the electric current of input intermediate frequency inductor produces powerful surface eddy on box hat and successively penetrates box hat nexine, box hat is made to be brought rapidly up melted alloy granule, rotate the centrifugal force produced uniformly to be built-up in by aluminium alloy on box hat inner surface, make non-metallic inclusion and metal-oxide isolate alloy bulk simultaneously, heating carries out quickly cooling after stopping makes aluminium alloy freeze solidly on completely in the extremely short time to produce good metallurgical binding in steel matrix, thus the thin-wall tube-shaped blank of bimetallic obtaining function admirable.
Because the technology of the thin-wall tube-shaped blank of bimetallic requires higher, whole technical process is difficult to control to, and thrust surface steel backing and effectively the combining of alloy in bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank is considered as to realize, the most dependence on import of product domestic at present, after many products adopt conventional static pouring method and conventional centre spinning, often there is various defect in thrust surface place, performance is difficult to meet requirement, thus, rational process equipment and rational process is adopted to have certain realistic meaning to prepare high performance bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank preparation frock.
The two of the purpose of the present invention are to provide a kind of rational technology, reduce the bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank preparation method of defect.
The technical scheme realizing the present invention the first goal of the invention is: a kind of bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank preparation frock, including mould prepared by bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank, clamping flange apparatus and Mobile cooling device, mould prepared by described bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank includes steel billet and the first asbestos board, described steel billet has endoporus and annular groove, annular groove is arranged on the hole wall of endoporus, endoporus connects with annular groove, the two ends of described steel billet are stained with corresponding first asbestos board each through high temperature resistant binder, described first asbestos board has centre bore, and first the centre bore of asbestos board connect with the endoporus of steel billet;Described clamping flange apparatus includes flange body and the second asbestos board, flange body has centre bore and the heavy chamber connected with centre bore, the bottom in heavy chamber is provided with some bolt holes, described second asbestos board is positioned at heavy intracavity, second asbestos board has central exhaust port, central exhaust port connects with the centre bore of flange body, and the second asbestos board is fixed by the bottom surface of binding agent Yu the heavy chamber of flange body;Described Mobile cooling device includes carriage, upper inlet pipeline, upper water injector with upper water jet, water fender, lower inlet pipeline, lower water injector and running gear with lower water jet, described upper inlet pipeline connects with upper water injector, described lower inlet pipeline connects with lower water injector, upper water injector and lower water injector are separately fixed at the upper and lower in carriage, upper water injector and lower water injector are arranged face-to-face, water fender is fixed on the bottom in carriage, the height of water fender is higher than the top of lower water injector, described running gear is contained in the bottom of carriage, described running gear includes support bar and pulley, the bottom connecting carriage is fixed in the upper end of support bar, pulley is contained in the bottom of support bar, described running gear is two or more.
Compared with prior art, mould structure in the present invention is simple, the structural design of steel billet is beneficial to deslagging and meets manufacturing technique requirent, ensure that the performance of radially alloy-layer and axial alloy-layer, the employing of the first asbestos board can avoid the problem that heat transfer is excessive and cleaning is difficult in conventional steel sheet use procedure, setting up of centre bore is beneficial to aerofluxus, solves bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank two ends alloy-layer and the production of crack defect easily occurs.The rational proportion of high temperature resistant binder and use, it is ensured that intensity in high-temperature work environment and bonds well performance, aluminium alloy not easily throws away, and cleaning is relatively easy to.
Compared with prior art, clamping flange apparatus structure in the present invention is simple, long service life, it is to avoid the bias of double-metal layer and the gas hole defect produced because gas can not better discharge, residual stress of casting is little, saves clamping flange apparatus replacing construction and Master Cost.
Compared with prior art, the Mobile cooling device simple in construction in the present invention, it is simple to mobile and control technical process and time, carriage is preferably with epoxy resin board, it can bear certain high temperature and insulation, and safety is high, also has easy and simple to handle and that cost is low advantage.
The technical scheme realizing the present invention the second goal of the invention is: a kind of bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank preparation method, adopt mould, above-mentioned clamping flange apparatus and above-mentioned Mobile cooling device prepared by above-mentioned bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank, and comprise the following steps:
The first step, is blended alloy material and adjuvant: by copper alloy granule, copper gas welding flux, charcoal particle mix homogeneously;
Second step, loads in mould by the alloy material being blended and adjuvant, clamps flange apparatus by two and is pressed on the two ends of mould by external force bringing device respectively;
3rd step, is placed in the periphery of mould by induction heating apparatus, rotates mould subsequently, adjusts the heating power of centrifugal rotational speed and induction heating apparatus, by alloying pellet mixture melt;
4th step, removes induction heating apparatus, is placed in Mobile cooling device by the bimetallic blank that the 3rd step makes, and first adopts lower water injector to carry out cooling certain time, is then turned on the combined effect of both water injectors and bimetallic blank is cooled to room temperature.
Preferably, in the first step, the consisting of of described alloy material and adjuvant: copper gas welding flux addition is the 6.0~8.0% of alloy material weight, and charcoal particle diameter is 2.0mm~5.0mm, and addition is 1.5~2.0 times of copper gas welding flux volume.
Preferably, in second step, before two are clamped the two ends that flange apparatus is pressed on mould respectively by external force, coating graphite water based paint on the second asbestos board of clamping flange apparatus.
Preferably, in the third step, centrifugal rotational speed keeps uniformly acceleration in 0 to 300r/min, and the heating power of induction heating apparatus adjusts between 60KW~80KW.
Preferably, in the 4th step, open the time interval controls of lower water injector and upper water injector within the scope of 10~25 seconds.
Present invention process is reasonable, can reduce the defect of bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank, and the blank performance produced disclosure satisfy that requirement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention is further detailed explanation for the embodiment provided below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the mould in the bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank preparation frock of the present invention;Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the bimetallic plain thrust bearing adopting the present invention to produce;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the clamping flange apparatus in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the left view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the heating process simplified schematic diagram in the bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank preparation method of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the cooling procedure simplified schematic diagram in the bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank preparation method of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the Mobile cooling device in the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the left view of Fig. 7.
Detailed description of the invention
nullAs shown in Figure 1,A kind of bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank preparation frock of the present invention,Including mould 1 prepared by bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank、Clamping flange apparatus 2 and Mobile cooling device 3,Mould 1 prepared by described bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank includes steel billet 1-1 and the first asbestos board 1-3,Described steel billet 1-1 has endoporus 1-1-1 and annular groove 1-1-2,Annular groove 1-1-2 is arranged on the hole wall of endoporus 1-1-1,Endoporus 1-1-1 connects with annular groove 1-1-2,The two ends of described steel billet 1-1 are stained with corresponding first asbestos board 1-3 each through high temperature resistant binder 1-2,Described first asbestos board 1-3 has centre bore 1-3-1,And first the endoporus 1-1-1 of centre bore 1-3-1 and steel billet 1-1 of asbestos board 1-3 connect.
Described groove 1-1-2 is U-shape, and U-shaped mouth side adopts circular sliding slopes with steel billet 1-1 axial direction, it is simple to deslagging, steel billet 1-1 need to through oil removing, rust cleaning and extension salt treatment.First asbestos board 1-3 thickness >=2mm, centre bore 1-3-1 diameter >=8mm, it is to avoid the crack defect and the obstructed gas hole defect caused of aerofluxus that bimetallic thrust bearing blank two ends cause very much soon because conducting heat.High temperature resistant binder 1-2 be methylcellulose and water allotment form, the volume ratio of methylcellulose and water is 1:5~7, after using adopt 120 ± 40 DEG C insulation 2~6h solidify.
After filling copper alloy in described groove 1-1-2, machining gets final product the thrust surface alloy-layer 1-6 of excellent, as in figure 2 it is shown, the steel billet 1-1 in mould is the steel backing of bimetallic plain thrust bearing.
As shown in Figure 3,4, clamping flange apparatus 2 in the present invention includes flange body 2-1 and the second asbestos board 2-2, flange body 2-1 has centre bore 2-1-1 and the heavy chamber 2-1-2 connected with centre bore 2-1-1, the bottom of heavy chamber 2-1-2 is provided with some bolt hole 2-1-3, described second asbestos board 2-2 is positioned at heavy chamber 2-1-2, second asbestos board 2-2 has central exhaust port 2-2-1, the centre bore 2-1-1 of central exhaust port 2-2-1 and flange body 2-1 connects, and the second asbestos board 2-2 is fixed by the bottom surface of binding agent 2-3 Yu the heavy chamber 2-1-2 of flange body 2-1.
Described central exhaust port 2-2-1 and centre bore 2-1-1 is easy to aerofluxus to reduce the generation of Casting Blowholes, the second asbestos board 2-2 thickness >=2mm, and methylcellulose and the allotment volume ratio of water in binding agent 2-3 are 1:3~10.
nullSuch as Fig. 7、Shown in 8,Mobile cooling device 3 in the present invention includes carriage 3-4、Upper inlet pipeline 3-1、Upper water injector 3-2 with upper water jet 3-3、Water fender 3-5、Lower inlet pipeline 3-7、Lower water injector 3-6 and running gear with lower water jet 3-10,Described upper inlet pipeline 3-1 connects with upper water injector 3-2,Described lower inlet pipeline 3-7 connects with lower water injector 3-6,Upper water injector 3-2 and lower water injector 3-6 is separately fixed at the upper and lower in carriage 3-4,Upper water injector 3-2 and lower water injector 3-6 arranges face-to-face,Water fender 3-5 is fixed on the bottom in carriage 3-4,The height of water fender 5 top higher than lower water injector 3-6,Described running gear is contained in the bottom of carriage 3-4,Described running gear includes support bar 3-8 and pulley 3-9,The bottom connecting carriage 3-4 is fixed in the upper end of support bar 3-8,Pulley 3-9 is contained in the bottom of support bar 3-8,Described running gear is two or more.
As shown in Fig. 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, the bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank preparation method of a kind of mould 1 adopting above-mentioned bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank to prepare of the present invention, clamping flange apparatus 2 and Mobile cooling device 3, comprises the following steps:
The first step, is blended alloy material and adjuvant 6: by copper alloy granule, copper gas welding flux, charcoal particle mix homogeneously;
Second step, loads in mould 1 by the alloy material being blended and adjuvant 6, clamps flange apparatus 2 by two and is pressed on the two ends of mould 1 by external force bringing device 5 respectively;
3rd step, is placed in the periphery of mould 1 by induction heating apparatus 4, rotates mould 1 subsequently, adjusts the heating power of centrifugal rotational speed and induction heating apparatus 4, by alloying pellet mixture melt;
4th step, remove induction heating apparatus 4, the bimetallic blank that 3rd step makes is placed in Mobile cooling device 3, first adopts lower water injector 3-6 to carry out cooling certain time, be then turned on both water injector 3-2 combined effect and bimetallic blank is cooled to room temperature.
In the first step, the consisting of of described alloy material and adjuvant: copper gas welding flux addition is the 6.0~8.0% of alloy material weight, and charcoal particle diameter is 2.0mm~5.0mm, and addition is 1.5~2.0 times of copper gas welding flux volume.
In second step, before two are clamped the two ends that flange apparatus 2 is pressed on mould 1 respectively by external force, coating graphite water based paint on the second asbestos board 2-2 of clamping flange apparatus 2.
In the third step, centrifugal rotational speed keeps uniformly acceleration in 0 to 300r/min, and the heating power of induction heating apparatus 4 adjusts between 60KW~80KW.
In the 4th step, open the time interval controls of lower water injector 3-6 and upper water injector 3-2 within the scope of 10~25 seconds.
Concrete first embodiment:
Bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank, diameter is 280mm, thrust face length 25mm, and length is 350mm, and inner surface requires to cover the copper alloy that the lid layer trade mark is ZCuPb10Sn10.Carry out according to following processing step successively:
The first step, is blended alloy material and adjuvant: by ZCuPb10Sn10 copper alloy granule that 3.5kg granular size is 2~4mm, 0.25kg copper gas welding flux, 200ml charcoal particle mix homogeneously;
Second step, loads the alloy material being blended in the first step and adjuvant in mould, and is coated with graphite water based paint on the asbestos board of clamping flange apparatus, is coordinated closely with clamping device respectively at the two ends of mould by external force bringing device;
3rd step, is placed in the periphery of mould by induction heating apparatus, adjusts centrifugal rotational speed subsequently and heats 195 seconds to 80Kw to 500r/min, heating power, is melted by alloying pellet by sensing heating;
4th step, removes induction heating apparatus, is placed in Mobile cooling device by the bimetallic blank that the 3rd step makes, and first adopts lower water injector to carry out cooling 15 seconds, is then turned on the combined effect of both water injectors and bimetallic blank is cooled to room temperature.
Concrete second embodiment:
Bimetallic plain thrust bearing blank, diameter is 400mm, thrust face length 35mm, and length is 380mm, and inner surface requires to cover the copper alloy that the lid layer trade mark is ZCuPb10Sn10.Carry out according to following processing step successively:
The first step, is blended alloy material and adjuvant: by ZCuPb10Sn10 copper alloy granule that 5.2kg granular size is 3~5mm, 0.36kg copper gas welding flux, 320ml charcoal particle mix homogeneously;
Second step, loads the alloy material being blended in the first step and adjuvant in mould, and is coated with graphite water based paint on the second asbestos board of clamping flange apparatus, is coordinated closely with clamping device respectively at the two ends of mould by external force bringing device;
3rd step, is placed in the periphery of mould by induction heating apparatus, adjusts centrifugal rotational speed subsequently and heats 330 seconds to 80Kw to 380r/min, heating power, is melted by alloying pellet by sensing heating;
4th step, removes induction heating apparatus, is placed in Mobile cooling device by the bimetallic blank that the 3rd step makes, and first adopts lower water injector to carry out cooling 25 seconds, is then turned on the combined effect of both water injectors and bimetallic blank is cooled to room temperature.