CN104051771B - Fuel cell pack and vehicle including it - Google Patents
Fuel cell pack and vehicle including it Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104051771B CN104051771B CN201410092898.XA CN201410092898A CN104051771B CN 104051771 B CN104051771 B CN 104051771B CN 201410092898 A CN201410092898 A CN 201410092898A CN 104051771 B CN104051771 B CN 104051771B
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- Prior art keywords
- bipolar plates
- fuel cell
- side wall
- cell pack
- peak
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
- H01M8/0208—Alloys
- H01M8/021—Alloys based on iron
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
- H01M8/0254—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form corrugated or undulated
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/026—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of fuel cell pack includes membrane electrode assembly and bipolar plates.There is bipolar plates corrugated portion, the corrugated portion to be limited by a pair of adjacent nearly peak potion point and the sidewall sections of remote peak potion point and connecting peak part.Sidewall sections and membrane electrode assembly at least partially define runner.Sidewall sections include the shoulder portion for limiting the ladder far from peak part spaced apart.
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to a kind of proton exchange membrane（PEM）The construction and arrangement of fuel cell and bipolar plates therein.
Background technology
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is a kind of electrochemistry hydrogen and oxygen being converted into water and generate electricity in this process
Energy conversion device.Hydrogen fuel is directed into the anode on the side of fuel cell by flow field.Oxygen（From air）
It is directed into the cathode on the other side of fuel cell by flow field.At anode, catalyst makes hydrogen be cracked into hydrogen ion
And electronics.Polymer dielectric film between the anode and cathode, which is arranged, allows positively charged ion that it is passed through to reach cathode.
Electronics reaches cathode by external circuit, to produce electric current.At cathode, hydrogen ion is combined to form water with oxygen, and water is from battery
Outflow.
Invention content
A kind of fuel cell pack includes membrane electrode assembly and a pair of of bipolar plates for being in contact with each other.Each bipolar plates include peak potion
Divide the side wall with connecting peak part.Each side wall and membrane electrode assembly at least partially define runner.At least one bipolar plates
Each side wall includes end part and the main part that is arranged between end part.One phase of each end part and the peak potion point
It is adjacent.Each main part includes at least one staged shoulder portion.
A kind of vehicle include be arranged to electric power is provided so that the vehicle movement fuel cell pack.Fuel cell pack packet
Include membrane electrode assembly and multiple bipolar plates.Each bipolar plates include the side wall of peak potion point and connecting peak part.Each side wall and film
Electrode assembly at least partially defines runner.At least some runners have width and the depth more than the width.It is at least one
Each side wall of bipolar plates includes end part and the main part that is arranged between end part.Each end part and the peak potion point
One of it is adjacent.At least some main parts include at least one staged shoulder portion.
The side wall of one bipolar plates of bipolar plates is contacted with the side wall of another bipolar plates of bipolar plates.
Bipolar plates are formed by metal.
Bipolar plates are formed by stainless steel foil.
A kind of fuel cell pack includes multiple undulatory bipolar plates, and each bipolar plates pass through peak potion point and connecting peak part
Main part limit.At least some side walls include staged shoulder portion.A bipolar plates in the multiple bipolar plates
Side wall contacted with the side wall of another bipolar plates of the multiple bipolar plates, to form nested a pair of of bipolar plates.
Bipolar plates are formed by metal foil.
At least some bipolar plates have substantially uniform thickness.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic cross sectional views of bipolar plate runner.Channel width is marked with " W ", and channel depth is marked with " D ".
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross sectional views of traditional bipolar plate runner with trapezoidal shape.
Fig. 3 is provided in vehicle and includes the schematic cross sectional views of the fuel cell pack of bipolar plates, wherein bipolar plates
With the runner limited at least partly by stepped sidewall.
Fig. 4 is the schematic cross sectional views of the bipolar plates with the runner limited at least partly by stepped sidewall.
Fig. 5 is the schematic cross sectional views of bipolar plate runner.Channel depth is at least equal to channel width.It is same in each figure
The element of label can have similar description.
Fig. 6 is the schematic cross sectional views of bipolar plate runner.Side wall includes two shoulder protruding portions.
Fig. 7 is the schematic cross sectional views of the combination between two adjacent fuel cells of fuel cell pack.Bipolar plates that
This contact.One bipolar plates has the runner limited at least partly by stepped sidewall.Another bipolar plates have trapezoidal shape
The runner of shape.
Fig. 8 is the schematic cross sectional views of the combination between two adjacent fuel cells of fuel cell pack, wherein fuel
Battery pile includes the central plate for being arranged between the bipolar plates of fuel cell and being contacted with the bipolar plates of fuel cell.
Fig. 9 is the schematic cross sectional views of the combination between two adjacent fuel cells of fuel cell pack.Bipolar plates are extremely
Partially it is nested with one another.One bipolar plates has the runner limited at least partly by stepped sidewall.Another bipolar plates tool
There is the runner of trapezoidal shape.
Figure 10 is the schematic cross sectional views of the combination between two adjacent fuel cells of fuel cell pack.Bipolar plates are extremely
Partially it is nested with one another.Two bipolar plates have the runner limited at least partly by stepped sidewall.
Specific implementation mode
There has been described embodiment of the disclosure.It will be understood, however, that disclosed embodiment is only example, and
Other embodiment can take various selectable forms.What attached drawing was not necessarily to scale；It can exaggerate or minimize
Feature shows the details of specific components.Therefore, the details of specific structure and function disclosed herein be not to be interpreted as be
It is restrictive, and as just for instructing those skilled in the art to apply the representative basis of the present invention in many aspects.Such as
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, each feature with reference to shown or described by any width attached drawing can in a width or
Feature is combined shown in more several other accompanying drawings, to generate the embodiment for not being explicitly shown or describing.It is shown
The typically application that is combined as of feature representational embodiment is provided.However, the feature consistent with the teachings of the present invention
Various combinations and modification can be expected for specific application or embodiment.
Candidate metals bipolar plates（MBPP）Material can be formed as series of passages, and the channel has desired to meet
Fuel battery performance standard and the width and depth designed.In order to improve fuel battery performance, in some cases, make vertical side
The geometry of wall, which is in the deep and narrow channel of flat " u "-shaped substantially, becomes preferred.However, this geometry may be difficult or
It can not possibly be formed in a manner of low cost by thin metal material.The forming limit of certain thin metal materials of such as stainless steel foil
Its use as MBPP materials in fuel cell applications can therefore be limited.For example, punching press and depth in thin metal material
Straight channel can be in the geometry transitional region in channel again（Such as, in the edge in channel）Generate excessive material thinning.It is this
Thinning can lead to the rupture of plate during channel formation, the assembling of fuel cell or the operation of fuel cell pack.In addition, at certain
Say that bipolar plates are the structural details of fuel cell pack in degree, this thinning can trade off the rigidity of bipolar plates.
Traditional MBPP designs are usually similar for flat " V " with cross section（Or it is trapezoidal）Channel be characterized.These constructions
Tend to that there are gentle Sidewall angles and limited channel depth, to attempt to adapt to the forming limit of precursor plate and make forming
Strain-induced thinning in the process minimizes.In some cases, before base alloy procedure of processing can be changed to improve MBPP
Body material forms over the ability of its conventional limit.However, the change of the basic chemical composition or manufacturing process of material can be unfavorable
Ground influences other the desired characteristics for the alloy that will be used for fuel cells applications, such as corrosion resistance and electric conductivity.Material
It is excessively high that the variation of material composition and processing also results in cost.
In a fuel cell, increase the cross-sectional area of runner, in particular, increasing each membrane electrode assembly（MEA）'s
The performance of fuel cell can be significantly increased in the cross-sectional area of runner on cathode side.However, if access portal too
Width, then MEA can curve inwardly towards channel.For this reason, it may be preferred that channel is formed to have relatively narrow open
Mouth and deeper channel.
The ability for forming the MBPP with deeper channels can be with especially when the channel is formed through the stamping process
It is improved by changing the forming limit of precursor plate material in the case of damage other characteristics as described above.However,
It has been found that the geometry in change channel also can be in not notable shadow with the intrinsic forming limit for adapting to selected precursor material
Improve the energy for forming the MBPP with deeper channel in the case of ringing these characteristics of such as corrosion resistance and electric conductivity etc
Power.The example of the geometry disclosed herein for being the channels " staged " side wall MBPP, for example, as shown in Figure 1.With staged
The runner of side wall can with Fig. 2 shows more traditional trapezoidal channel structure distinguish and come.
Form shoulder（Or ladder）Side wall part without forming an angle of 90 degrees relative to each other.Allow to form deep channel
Without any suitable angle of notable thinning（Such as 80 degree, 100 degree etc.）It can be used.Test and/or simulation
It can determine optimal step size.
Stepped sidewall geometry（For example, shown in Fig. 1）Finite element analysis（FEA）With traditional trapezoidal channel（Example
Such as, shown in Fig. 2）FEA compared under same even depth.This comparison shows：The material of the ladder geometry of Fig. 1 is thin
Change the material thinning of the trapezoidal channel geometry much smaller than Fig. 2, and the material of the stepped sidewall geometry through Fig. 1
Strain is more balanced.FEA comparisons again show that：The trapezoidal channel of equal channel depth D, Fig. 2 are strained in its height
Upper radius region R in more likely undergo material failure.The result of FEA model is empirical in further research
Ground confirms.The use of the stepped sidewall geometry similar with geometry shown in Fig. 1 can allow by existing gold
Belong to material and form the deeper channel with larger Sidewall angles A, while maintaining acceptable access portal width W.This two
A characteristic can bring structural intergrity of the improvement of fuel cell stack operation performance without detracting connection fuel-cell stack assembly.
With reference to Fig. 3, the vehicle 98 of such as automobile may include being arranged to provide electric power so that vehicle as known in the art
The fuel cell packs 100 of 98 movements.Fuel cell pack 100 may include the multiple fuel cells 102 being electrically connected.Each
Fuel cell 102 may include being arranged the membrane electrode assembly between the first bipolar plates 106 and the second bipolar plates 108（MEA）104.
Membrane electrode assembly 104 includes the anode part positioned at the cathode portion of side and positioned at the other side.Term " gas " is used in figure
Place is intended to indicate the fuel of the fuel cell 102 for the anode-side for being exposed to MEA104.For example, in hydrogen fuel cell,
" gas " will be hydrogen.Using in place of term " OX " in figure, it is intended to indicate the oxygen for the cathode side for being exposed to MEA104（Or contain
Oxygen air）.
With reference to Fig. 4, each bipolar plates 106 can be by before the piece of such as stainless steel foil or other suitable conductive metallic materials
Body sheet metal is stamping to be formed.Optional manufacturing process, such as hydroforming and adiabatic forming can also be used.It is each bipolar
Plate 106 defines the runner 110 for being adjacent to alignment being alternately located on the opposite side of the bipolar plates 106（Perpendicular to paper
Face）.Further, each bipolar plates 106 include at least partly be stepped and with shoulder portion 114 side wall 112 with
And the nearly peak potion at 112 interconnection of stepped sidewall point 116 and remote peak potion divide 118（It is provided outside corrugated for bipolar plates 106
It sees）.Therefore, in this example, there are two end parts and the main part being arranged between end part for the tool of each stepped sidewall 112
Point.Each end part is adjacent with one in peak potion point 116,118.Shoulder portion 114 is formed in main part.It is each bipolar
The nearly peak potion of plate 106 point 116 can be in direct contact with MEA104（Fig. 3）.The remote peak potion of adjacent bipolar plates point 118 can be reciprocally right
Neat and electrical contact.
Particularly, in the case where bipolar plates 106 are stamped into shape, bipolar plates 106 can have the diaphragm plate of general uniform thick
Degree（web thickness）T.For example, this thickness can be in the range of about 100 microns.However, it is possible to use any suitable
When thickness（For example, 80 microns to 250 microns, etc.）.Bipolar plates 108 of the similar description suitable for Fig. 3.
With reference to Fig. 5, a part for bipolar plates 206 respectively includes being stepped at least partly and has shoulder portion 214
Side wall 212 and nearly peak potion point 216 and remote peak potion point 218.In this example, channel depth D is at least equal to channel width W.
In other examples, channel depth D can be more than channel width W.For example, D can be about 500 microns, W can be about
100 microns.
With reference to Fig. 6, a part for bipolar plates 306 respectively includes being stepped at least partly and has shoulder portion 314
Side wall 312 and nearly peak potion point 316 and remote peak potion point 318.In this example, there are two each stepped sidewalls 312 can have（Or
More）Shoulder portion 314.Other constructions are also within expected.
With reference to Fig. 7, a part for fuel cell pack 400 includes MEA404 and bipolar plates 408,420,408 He of bipolar plates
Bipolar plates 420 are contacting one another and are arranged between MEA404.In this example, bipolar plates 408 include stepped sidewall 412,
And bipolar plates 420 do not include stepped sidewall.
With reference to Fig. 8, a part for fuel cell pack 500 includes MEA504, bipolar plates 506 and 508 and central plate 522.
Central plate 522 is arranged between bipolar plates 506 and bipolar plates 508 and is in contact with the two, to prevent the nesting of adjacent bipolar plates
And the quantity with bipolar plates 506,508 associated coolant flow passages is made to increase.Other arrangements are also within expected.
With reference to Fig. 9, a part for fuel cell pack 600 includes MEA604 and bipolar plates 608,620.With the example phase of Fig. 7
Seemingly, bipolar plates 608 include stepped sidewall 612, and bipolar plates 620 do not include stepped sidewall.Bipolar plates 608,620 are arranged
At making their side wall contacting one another（For example, being connected by welding, bonding etc.）, this can increase by 608 He of bipolar plates
Surface contact between bipolar plates 620（And electric conductivity）, selectable welding position is provided and reduces stack height.
Referring to Fig.1 0, a part for fuel cell pack 700 includes MEA705 and bipolar plates 706,708.With the example phase of Fig. 9
Seemingly, it is nested right to be formed to be arranged such that their side wall is in contact with each other for bipolar plates 706,708.
Although described above is exemplary embodiment, these embodiments be not intended to describe include by claim
All possible form.Word used in the present specification is descriptive word and not restrictive, it will be appreciated that,
Various changes can be made in the case of not departing from spirit and scope of the present disclosure.As previously mentioned, the feature energy of each embodiment
Enough it is combined to form the further embodiment that the possibility of the present invention is not expressly depicted or shows.Although various embodiments
It may have described as and provide advantage for one or more desired characteristics or be preferable over other embodiment or existing
The implementation of technology, but those of ordinary skill in the art are it would be recognized that one or more feature or characteristic may be compromised
To reach the attribute of desired whole system, this is dependent on specific application and implements.These attributes may include but not by
It is limited to：Cost, intensity, durability, Life Cost, can marketability, appearance, packaging, size, serviceability, weight, can manufacture
Property, being easily assembled property, etc..In this way, being described as one or more characteristics and other embodiment or the prior art
Implement compared to be not the embodiment that is highly desirable to not outside the scope of the present disclosure, and can be desired in special application
's.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of fuel cell pack, the fuel cell pack include：
Membrane electrode assembly；And
A pair of of the bipolar plates being in contact with each other, each bipolar plates include the side wall of peak potion point and connecting peak part, each side wall and film
Electrode assembly at least partially defines runner, and there is each runner width, at least some runners to have the depth more than the width
Degree, each side wall of at least one bipolar plates include end part and the main part that is arranged between end part, each end part
Adjacent with the one of the peak potion point, each main part includes at least one staged shoulder portion, wherein the pair of bipolar
Plate is nested with one another, and in the staged shoulder portion of in the pair of bipolar plates a bipolar plates and the pair of bipolar plates
Another bipolar plates side wall contact so that it is all be nested into peak potion point be separated from each other and this be nested into peak
Flow channel is limited between part.
2. fuel cell pack as described in claim 1, wherein at least one bipolar plates have substantially uniform thickness.
3. fuel cell pack as described in claim 1, wherein the thickness of at least one bipolar plates is 100 microns.
4. fuel cell pack as described in claim 1, wherein at least one bipolar plates are formed by metal.
5. fuel cell pack as claimed in claim 4, wherein at least one bipolar plates are formed by stainless steel foil.
6. a kind of vehicle, the vehicle include：
Fuel cell pack is arranged to and provides electric power so that the vehicle movement, and includes membrane electrode assembly and multiple bipolar
Plate, each bipolar plates include the side wall of peak potion point and connecting peak part, and each side wall and membrane electrode assembly at least partially define
Runner, at least some runners have width and the depth more than the width, and each side wall of at least one bipolar plates includes end
Part and the main part being arranged between end part, adjacent, an at least some main bodys of each end part and the peak potion point
Part include at least one staged shoulder portion, wherein be nested into bipolar plates in a bipolar plates staged shoulder
Shape part with it is described be nested into bipolar plates in the side wall of another bipolar plates contact so that it is all be nested into peak potion
Point be separated from each other and this be nested into peak potion point between limit flow channel.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/833,348 | 2013-03-15 | ||
| US13/833,348 US20140057194A1 (en) | 2012-08-24 | 2013-03-15 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell with stepped channel bipolar plate |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104051771A CN104051771A (en) | 2014-09-17 |
| CN104051771B true CN104051771B (en) | 2018-11-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410092898.XA Active CN104051771B (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-13 | Fuel cell pack and vehicle including it |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN104051771B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015207455A1 (en) | 2015-04-23 | 2016-10-27 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Bipolar plate with different thickness half plates and fuel cell stack with such |
| FR3043845B1 (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2018-01-05 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | BIPOLAR PLATES TO LIMIT THE OPERATION OF FLOW CHANNELS BY REAGENTS |
| US10547064B2 (en) * | 2016-10-05 | 2020-01-28 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Tunnel cross section for more uniformed contact pressure distribution on metal bead seal at the intersection between bead and tunnel |
| CN109643809B (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2022-04-01 | 清华大学 | Engaged ultrathin metal bipolar plate and three-dimensional flow field thereof |
| US10964956B2 (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2021-03-30 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Fuel cell stack assembly |
| CN109786782B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2021-03-09 | 北京汽车集团有限公司 | Fuel cell bipolar plate, fuel cell stack and vehicle |
| CN111193045B (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2021-08-10 | 武汉中极氢能产业创新中心有限公司 | Fuel cell |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4366872B2 (en) * | 2000-03-13 | 2009-11-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | FUEL CELL GAS SEPARATOR, METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE FUEL CELL SEPARATOR, AND FUEL CELL |
| US6503653B2 (en) * | 2001-02-23 | 2003-01-07 | General Motors Corporation | Stamped bipolar plate for PEM fuel cell stack |
| US20050064270A1 (en) * | 2003-09-24 | 2005-03-24 | Marianowski Leonard G. | Fuel cell bipolar separator plate |
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