CN104051764A - Apparatus and method for heating a fuel cell stack - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for heating a fuel cell stack Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104051764A CN104051764A CN201410099489.2A CN201410099489A CN104051764A CN 104051764 A CN104051764 A CN 104051764A CN 201410099489 A CN201410099489 A CN 201410099489A CN 104051764 A CN104051764 A CN 104051764A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- cell pack
- vehicle
- voltage
- controller
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
- B60L58/34—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/31—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for starting of fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04037—Electrical heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04365—Temperature; Ambient temperature of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04895—Current
- H01M8/0491—Current of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/0494—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
An apparatus and method for heating a fuel cell stack in a cold start mode are provided. The apparatus comprises a fuel cell stack, a boost converter, and a controller. The fuel cell stack powers a vehicle. The boost converter includes a power switch that is thermally coupled to the fuel cell stack. The controller is configured to receive a signal indicative of a temperature during a vehicle startup and to compare the temperature to a predetermined temperature value. The controller is further configured to activate the power switch if the temperature is below the predetermined temperature value such that the power switch generates heat to apply to the fuel cell stack and generates a voltage for powering a power circuit to enable the vehicle to driveaway while the fuel cell stack receives the heat.
Description
It is 61/794 that the application requires the sequence number of submitting on March 15th, 2013, the sequence number that 728 U.S. Provisional Application and on August 5th, 2013 submit to is 13/959, the rights and interests of 242 U.S. Patent application, the disclosure of these two U. S. applications is all contained in this by reference.
Technical field
The embodiment disclosed herein relates generally to a kind of equipment for heating fuel battery pile and method.
Background technology
No. 2007/0292724 U.S. of Gilchrist (Gilchrist) announces in (" announcing hereinafter referred to as ' 724 ") and discloses a kind of fuel cell pack execution mode.' 724 disclose a kind of power-supply system in cold state manipulate.Power-supply system comprises fuel cell pack and electric power coversion system, and operation of fuel cells piles to produce direct current (DC) electric power electrically, and electric power coversion system is electrically connected to fuel cell pack, and can electrical power for operation converting system to receive DC electric power from fuel cell pack.Power-supply system also comprises at least one battery and controller, at least one battery is electrically connected to electric power coversion system, and can operate described at least one battery with electric power coversion system communicating battery DC electric power, controller at least can operate to control the operation of power-supply system, at least a certain amount of pulsating current is supplied to battery during cold state.
Summary of the invention
A kind of equipment for heating fuel battery pile under cold start pattern is provided.Described equipment comprises fuel cell pack, boost converter and controller.Described fuel cell pack drives vehicle.Described boost converter comprises the power switch that is thermally bonded to fuel cell pack.Described controller is configured to receive the signal of indicated temperature during vehicle launch and temperature and predetermined temperature value is compared.If described controller is also configured to temperature lower than described predetermined temperature value, activate power switch, vehicle power switch produced for being applied to the heat of fuel cell pack and producing for driving the voltage of power circuit, so that can receive starting when hot at fuel cell pack.
Described boost converter also can comprise the contactor that is operationally attached to fuel cell pack.
Described controller also can be configured in the situation that temperature disconnects described contactor lower than described predetermined temperature value.
Described controller also can be configured in the situation that temperature higher than the closed described contactor of described predetermined temperature value.
Described contactor can be configured to electric power to be sent to the load vehicle from fuel cell pack, to drive vehicle.
Described power circuit can comprise: DC/DC transducer, for receiver voltage, to drive cathode compressor and traction motor, makes vehicle to receive hot time starting at fuel cell pack.
Described voltage can be between 125V to 150V.
A kind of equipment for heating fuel battery pile under cold start pattern is provided.Described equipment comprises the controller that is operationally attached to boost converter, and described boost converter comprises power switch.Described power switch is thermally bonded to fuel cell pack.Described controller is configured to receive the signal of indicated temperature during vehicle launch and described temperature and predetermined temperature value is compared.If described controller is also configured to temperature lower than described predetermined temperature value, activate power switch, vehicle power switch produced for being applied to the heat of fuel cell pack and producing for driving the voltage of power circuit, so that can receive starting when hot at fuel cell pack.
Described boost converter also can comprise the contactor that is operationally attached to fuel cell pack.
Described controller also can be configured in the situation that temperature disconnects described contactor lower than described predetermined temperature value.
Described controller also can be configured in the situation that temperature higher than the closed described contactor of described predetermined temperature value.
Described contactor can be configured to electric power to be sent to the load vehicle from fuel cell pack, to drive vehicle.
Described power circuit can comprise: DC/DC transducer, for receiver voltage, to drive cathode compressor and traction motor, makes vehicle to receive hot time starting at fuel cell pack.
Described voltage can be between 125V to 150V.
A kind of equipment that comprises controller is provided.Described controller is operationally attached to boost converter, and described boost converter comprises power switch.Described controller is configured to receive the signal of indicated temperature during vehicle launch, and if described temperature is lower than described predetermined temperature value, activate power switch, heat be applied to fuel cell pack and produce for driving the voltage of power circuit, so that vehicle can receive starting when hot at fuel cell pack.
Described boost converter also can comprise the contactor that is operationally attached to fuel cell pack.
Described controller also can be configured in the situation that temperature higher than the closed described contactor of described predetermined temperature value.
Described contactor can be configured to electric power to be sent to the load vehicle from fuel cell pack, to drive vehicle.
Described power circuit can comprise: DC/DC transducer, for receiver voltage, to drive cathode compressor and traction motor, makes vehicle to receive hot time starting at fuel cell pack.
Described voltage can be between 125V to 150V.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In conjunction with the feature of claim, pointed out embodiment of the present disclosure.Yet by below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, various embodiment being described in detail, other feature of these embodiment will become more clear and will be better understood, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 has described the first equipment for heating fuel battery pile according to an embodiment;
Fig. 2 described according to an embodiment for the second equipment with high voltage execution mode heating fuel battery pile;
Fig. 3 described according to an embodiment for the 3rd equipment with low-voltage execution mode heating fuel battery pile;
Fig. 4 is the diagram of having described according to the various electrology characteristics relevant with fuel cell pack of an embodiment.
Embodiment
As required, at this, specific embodiment of the present disclosure is disclosed; Yet, should be appreciated that disclosed embodiment is only example of the present invention, the present invention can realize according to various and alternative form.Accompanying drawing is not necessarily drawn in proportion; Some features may be exaggerated or be dwindled, to show the details of specific components.Therefore, concrete structure disclosed herein and functional details should not be interpreted as restriction, and as just applying representative basis of the present invention for instructing those skilled in the art to change.
Embodiment of the present disclosure provides a plurality of circuit or other electronic installation generally.The all references of circuit or other electronic installation and the function that provided by each circuit and electronic installation is not intended to be limited to and is only included in this circuit that illustrates and describe and electronic installation.Although distribute specific label can to various circuit or other electronic installation, these labels are not intended to limit the scope of the operation of circuit and other electronic installation.The electronics execution mode of particular type based on expectation, these circuit and other electronic installation can combinations with one another and/or are separated by any way.Should be realized that, any circuit disclosed herein or other electronic installation can comprise any amount of microprocessor, integrated circuit, storage device (for example, FLASH, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), EPROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory (EEPROM) or other suitable variant) and the software that cooperates each other to carry out operation disclosed herein.
In response to electrochemically changing oxygen and hydrogen, fuel cell pack produces electric power.Conventionally, fuel cell pack comprises a plurality of fuel cells that are bonded to each other, and wherein, a part for the total amount of the electric current being provided by fuel cell pack is provided each fuel cell.Conventionally, the cold start of fuel cell pack may need outside dump (dump) electric power (such as electric power being dumped in water glycol (WEG) heater or at the lower use traction motor (or electric-powered system) of expense power mode (power waste mode)).WEG heater is used to heating fuel battery pile under cold start pattern.In some embodiments, the cold start that can enable fuel cell pack with at least two WEG heaters.Owing to seldom using in some cases these, so this situation increases the weight of vehicle.When temperature is during lower than 5 ℃, cold start operation that conventionally need to be relevant with fuel cell pack.
Under cold start pattern, whole heating of fuel cell pack may spend a large amount of time.This situation may make can not start simply (driveaway) vehicle after the fuel cell pack cold start of driver in vehicle.Attempted certain methods and carried out short circuit fuel cell pack, so that heating fuel battery pile, and fuel cell pack has been reconnected to vehicle bus, to carry out normal fuel cell heap operation after fuel cell pack is heated to the temperature of expectation.This solution can be cheap realization.Yet, because fuel cell pack is by short circuit, so vehicle can not start under cold start pattern.In order to eliminate described short circuit state, fuel cell pack must reach the temperature of expectation.Once fuel cell pack reaches the temperature of expectation, vehicle can be carried out vehicle launch so.
The embodiment disclosed herein can provide a kind of fuel cell boost transducer (boost converter), to help fuel cell to pile up under cold start pattern, heats.Boost converter allows fuel cell pack its output voltage to be changed into the level of expectation, keeps optimum voltage in vehicle side simultaneously.The interior resistance that causes fuel cell pack when utilizing fuel cell pack electric current to increase increases and on fuel cell pack, produces heat (increasing used heat generation rate).For normal fuel cell heap operation, form the contactor closure of a part for boost converter, thereby walk around the additional electronic device for heating fuel battery pile under cold start pattern in boost converter.For heating fuel battery pile under cold start pattern, contactor is controlled as disconnection, and the additional electronic device on boost converter (for example, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT)) is switched to extraction electric current, thereby makes fuel cell pack produce heat.When boost converter extraction electric current carrys out heating fuel battery pile, this situation provides the ability of starting vehicle to driver.Below, these aspects and other side will be described in more detail.
Fig. 1 has described the first equipment 10 for heating fuel battery pile 12 according to an embodiment.The first equipment 10 can comprise boost converter 14, and boost converter 14 is operably connected to a plurality of loads 16.The first equipment 10 can be embodied in vehicle 13.Boost converter 14 comprises that contactor 18, inductor 20, diode 22 and switching device 24(are such as IGBT or other applicable device).For example, during normal fuel cell activation situation (, vehicle 13 starts when the external temperature of vehicle 13 is greater than 5 ℃), contactor 18 closures, make fuel cell pack 12 provide electric power to load 16.When contactor 18 is closed, the electric current producing from fuel cell pack 12 contactor 18 of flowing through, and walk around inductor 20, diode 22 and switching device 24.
For example, under cold start pattern (, vehicle 13 starts when externally temperature is less than 5 ℃), contactor 18 disconnects, and fuel cell pack 12 drives inductor 20, diode 22 and switching devices 24.In this case, IGBT24 produces heat in response to the electric power from fuel cell pack 12.The pipeline (not shown) that transports cooling agent is placed near IGBT24, and cooling agent is heated therefrom.Described pipeline extends about fuel cell pack 12, and heated cooling agent is for heating fuel battery pile 12.In addition, IGBT24 drives load 16.Should be realized that, load 16 comprises the vehicle relevant device that makes any amount that vehicle can drive and/or operate.Under cold start pattern, IGBT24 can provide enough electric power to be urged to small part load 16, makes vehicle launch situation during the cold start of fuel cell pack 12 become possibility.Below will be discussed in more detail.
Fig. 2 described according to an embodiment for the second equipment 30 with high voltage execution mode heating fuel battery pile 12.The second equipment 30 comprises fuel cell pack 12, boost converter 14, controller 32 and temperature sensor 33 generally.Conventionally, temperature sensor 33 can the AD HOC based on fuel cell pack 12 come control contactor 18 to disconnect or closure.For example, at fuel cell pack 12 in normal fuel cell activation state in the situation that, controller 32 can control contactor 18 closures, thereby allow electric power to walk around IGBT24 in boost converter 14 and additional circuit.In this case, various load 16(such as, but not limited to traction motor 34, air compressor (or cathode compressor) 36, variable voltage load 38(for example, motor compressor motor or other can change to the applicable device operating the voltage of 450V from 170V), DC/DC transducer 40, fixed voltage load 42(for example, induction motor is controlled in open loop)) and battery 44 can be powered by fuel cell pack 12.Controller 32 is configured to from temperature sensor 33, receive the signal of the external temperature that is used to indicate vehicle 13 during vehicle launch.If the temperature of measuring exceeds predetermined temperature levels, controller 32 determines that vehicle 13 is in normal fuel cell activation state.In this case, the closed contactor 18 of controller 32, to allow fuel cell pack 12 to load 16 power supplies.
In general, the second equipment 30 can be defined as high-voltage fuel cell stack execution mode generally.In this case, fuel cell pack 12 provides enough electric current to drive traction motor 34 and air compressor 36.For example, fuel cell pack 12 can be by for providing the electric current of voltage between 170V to 450V to be provided to vehicle bus 35, to drive traction motor 34, air compressor 36 and variable voltage load 38.
Traction motor 34 is constructed to make the vehicle 13 can be driven.The air-flow that 36 pairs, air compressor is sent to fuel cell pack 12 carries out supercharging, to allow fuel cell pack 12 generation currents.In one example, air compressor 36 may need the operation that at least 170V comes operating fuel cell to pile.Yet air compressor 36 may still provide enough pressurized airs, for example, to allow fuel cell pack 12 to carry out vehicle launch (, the partial operation under cold start pattern) under the voltage lower than 170V.Below, will be discussed in more detail.As noted above, fuel cell pack 12 admission of airs and hydrogen, and by described air and hydrogen gas electrochemical convert electric current or electric power to.
Under normal fuel accumulator drive state (normal fuel is battery-operated), fuel cell pack 12 can produce the electric power being stored on battery 44.In addition, battery 44 can also be to various loads 16 power supplies in vehicle 13.DC/DC transducer 40 is arranged to step-up/down transducer (boost/buck converter).For example, DC/DC transducer 40 can be used as step-down controller, and the voltage that makes to provide from fuel cell pack 12 is progressively reduced to and is suitable for being stored in the voltage battery 44, and for fixed voltage load 42.When DC/DC transducer 40 is arranged to boost converter, can make the voltage providing from battery 44 progressively increase, to drive traction motor 34, air compressor 36 and variable voltage load 38.
During vehicle launch, information at controller 32 based on receiving from temperature sensor 33 determines that temperature lower than predetermined temperature value (for example, 5 ℃) situation under, controller 32 determines that fuel cell pack 12 is experiencing cold start (for example, vehicle is in cold start pattern).
If temperature drops to below 5 ℃, and vehicle 13 (is for example started to turn round, fuel cell pack 12 experience cold starts), controller 32 control contactors 18 disconnect, thereby allow fuel cell pack 12 to inductor 20, diode 22 and switching device 24 supply electric power.In response to generation, be provided for the electric current of fuel cell pack 12, IGBT24 provides heat so that fuel cell pack 12 is heated.In this case, IGBT24 provides enough electric power (or sufficient voltage level) to activate DC/DC transducer 40.For example, DC/DC transducer 40 may have the minimum operation voltage in the scope between 125V-150V.Boost converter 14 provides enough voltage (for example, at least 125V) and electric power in conjunction with DC/DC transducer 40, with running load 16(, comprises traction motor 34 and air compressor 36), thus under cold start pattern, carry out vehicle launch.DC/DC transducer 40 also can raise from the voltage of battery 44, to drive traction motor 34 and air compressor 36, thereby allows driver can carry out vehicle launch.
Should be realized that, the ability that temperature is started vehicle for driver works.For example, temperature is lower, and the time of vehicle 13 execution starting costs is longer.For example, in the situation that temperature is-15 ℃, may needs to spend about 20 seconds to 30 seconds and carry out vehicle launch operation.In another example, in the situation that temperature is-40 ℃, may needs to spend about 1.5 minutes and carry out vehicle launch.Under cold start pattern, boost converter 14 conventionally provides enough heat with heating fuel battery pile 12 and provides enough voltage to drive the device on vehicle bus 35, to make driver can start vehicle.Once the temperature of fuel cell pack 12 arrives predetermined level, controller 32 control contactor 18 closures, thereby deexcitation IGBT24.At that time, by fuel cell pack 12, provided the voltage level of increase, to drive the various loads 16 on vehicle bus 35.
Fig. 3 described according to an embodiment for the 3rd equipment 50 with low-voltage execution mode heating fuel battery pile 12.In general, the 3rd equipment 50 can be defined as low-voltage fuel cell pack execution mode generally.The 3rd equipment 50 comprises that a DC/DC transducer 52 and the 2nd DC/DC transducer 54, the two DC/DC transducers 54 substitute about the DC/DC transducer 40 described in Fig. 2.In addition, for example, the 3rd equipment 50 comprises additional vehicle bus load 38 ' (for example, need to be from the load of the higher voltage of vehicle bus 35, such as traction motor 34) and from the battery bus load 42 of battery 44 ' (for example,, when needing the load (such as compressor of air conditioner motor) of lower voltage when comparing from the voltage of vehicle bus 35).
Fuel cell pack 12 is constructed to provide than the lower voltage of the voltage of the fuel cell pack 12 about describing in Fig. 2 (for example, 250V) generally.Like this, although contactor 18 is closed under normal fuel battery mode of operation, a DC/DC transducer 52 is as boost converter, and the voltage of 250V is elevated to the 350V to 400V on vehicle bus 35.The voltage of the such rising on vehicle bus 35 drives traction motor 34 and air compressor 36 under normal manipulation mode.In addition, additional vehicle bus load 38 ' also the utilize voltage between 350V to 400V.The 2nd DC/DC transducer 54 also can be used as step-down controller, and by the voltage on vehicle bus 35 be progressively reduced to be suitable for being stored on battery 44 and drive battery bus load 42 ' voltage.
Under cold start pattern, controller 32 control contactors 18 disconnect, to allow fuel cell pack 12 to inductor 20, diode 22 and IGBT24 power supply.IGBT24 provides heat to fuel cell pack 12, so that fuel cell pack 12 is heated.In this case, IGBT24 provides enough electric power (or sufficient voltage level), to activate a DC/DC transducer 52.The one DC/DC transducer 52 can have the minimum operation voltage in the scope between 125V-150V.In this case, IGBT24 provides the electric current that the voltage of minimum flow is enough provided to a DC/DC transducer 52, and a DC/DC transducer 52 can be operated.Then, a DC/DC transducer 52 can raise from the voltage of fuel cell pack 12, to drive traction motor 34 and air compressor 36, thereby allows driver can carry out vehicle launch.Then the 2nd DC/DC transducer 54 can operate by the voltage based on vehicle bus 35.In other words, when a DC/DC transducer 52 receives the voltage of 125V at least or some other minimum voltages, the 2nd DC/DC transducer 54 is driven by the voltage remaining unchanged on vehicle bus 35, from the output of a DC/DC transducer 52, provides the voltage vehicle bus 35.
Fig. 4 has described the diagram 70 as the function of the output current (Stack-I-terminal-gross) (for example,, along x axle) from fuel cell pack 12 according to the various electrology characteristics relevant with fuel cell pack 12 (for example,, along y axle) of an embodiment.Diagram 70 shows generally first waveform 72 corresponding with the voltage (Stack-U-terminal) at the terminal place of fuel cell pack 12.Diagram 70 also shows the second corresponding with the power (Stack-Pw-terminal) that sends vehicle 13 to generally waveform 74, and described power is by the output current of the voltage of fuel cell pack 12 and fuel cell pack 12 is multiplied each other and calculated.The 3rd corresponding with the heat (Stack-Pw-heat) providing to fuel cell pack 12 inside generally waveform 76 is also provided diagram 70.
As put shown in 82, the first waveform 72 shows fuel cell pack 12, and in open circuit voltage (OCV), (for example, 250V), IGBT24 is in 0% duty ratio generally.The second waveform 74 shows when the voltage of the first waveform 72 reduces, and along with output current increases, sends the increased power of vehicle 13 to.In this case, IGBT24 increases its duty ratio, causes output current to increase, and causes the lower voltage at fuel cell pack 12 places.When IGBT24 is during in 100% duty ratio, output current for example, in maximum (, approximately 770A), but the voltage of fuel cell pack 12 has dropped to 0V.
As put shown in 84, this state indication for example, by the maximum available power (, can be sent to from fuel cell pack 12 maximum power of load 16) of the fuel cell pack 12 increasing along with fuel cell pack 12 heating generally.In the second waveform 74, the power that sends vehicle at about 675A(corresponding to the specific X duty ratio of IGBT24) locate to reach vehicle peak value, the power reduction then transmitting.Generally as shown in point 86, when IGBT24 is during in 100% duty ratio, the power of transmission drops to zero.In diagram 70 through the vertical line 90 of the 675A on x axle with when IGBT24 is in specific X duty ratio and to send the power of vehicle 13 to corresponding in its Acrophase.For the equal-wattage that is sent to vehicle 13 being represented as the second waveform 74, with by the duty ratio of IGBT24 is for example modulated to X(from 0%, left-hand operation fuel cell pack 12 at vertical line 90) compare, by the duty ratio of IGBT24 is for example modulated to 100%(from X, east side operation fuel cell pack 12 at vertical line 90), fuel cell pack will produce more heat, as the 3rd waveform 76 represents.
Although exemplary embodiment described above, not refers to that these embodiment have described all possible form of the present invention.Or rather, the word using in specification is descriptive word rather than restrictive word, and it should be understood that without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can carry out various changes to it.In addition, the feature of the embodiment of various enforcements can be in conjunction with, to form further embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. for an equipment for heating fuel battery pile under cold start pattern, described equipment comprises:
Fuel cell pack, for driving vehicle;
Boost converter, comprises the power switch that is thermally bonded to fuel cell pack;
Controller, is configured to:
During vehicle launch, receive the signal of indicated temperature;
Temperature and predetermined temperature value are compared;
If temperature, lower than described predetermined temperature value, activates power switch, power switch is produced for being applied to the heat of fuel cell pack and producing for driving the voltage of power circuit, so that vehicle can receive starting when hot at fuel cell pack.
2. equipment according to claim 1, wherein, described boost converter also comprises the contactor that is operationally attached to fuel cell pack.
3. equipment according to claim 2, wherein, described controller is also configured in the situation that temperature disconnects described contactor lower than described predetermined temperature value.
4. equipment according to claim 2, wherein, described controller be also configured in the situation that temperature higher than the closed described contactor of described predetermined temperature value.
5. equipment according to claim 4, wherein, described contactor is configured to electric power to be sent to the load vehicle from fuel cell pack, to drive vehicle.
6. equipment according to claim 1, wherein, described power circuit comprises: DC/DC transducer, for receiver voltage, to drive cathode compressor and traction motor, so that vehicle can receive starting when hot at fuel cell pack.
7. equipment according to claim 6, wherein, described voltage is between 125V to 150V.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201361794728P | 2013-03-15 | 2013-03-15 | |
| US61/794,728 | 2013-03-15 | ||
| US13/959,242 | 2013-08-05 | ||
| US13/959,242 US10164273B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2013-08-05 | Apparatus and method for heating a fuel cell stack |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104051764A true CN104051764A (en) | 2014-09-17 |
| CN104051764B CN104051764B (en) | 2018-04-10 |
Family
ID=51504333
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410099489.2A Active CN104051764B (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-17 | For heating the apparatus and method of fuel cell pack |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104051764B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105564256A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2016-05-11 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Control method and system for starting of fuel cell vehicle |
| CN108528234A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-09-14 | 深圳国氢新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of fuel cell protection system and its charging method |
| CN109256571A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2019-01-22 | 福特全球技术公司 | Motor vehicles with fuel cell |
| CN112659979A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-16 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Fuel cell vehicle and method for controlling power generation of fuel cell vehicle |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6358638B1 (en) * | 1999-12-22 | 2002-03-19 | General Motors Corporation | Cold start-up of a PEM fuel cell |
| US20060280977A1 (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2006-12-14 | Denso Corporation | Fuel cell system |
| US20070292724A1 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-20 | Gilchrist Ian T | System and method to start a fuel cell stack during a cold-start condition |
-
2014
- 2014-03-17 CN CN201410099489.2A patent/CN104051764B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6358638B1 (en) * | 1999-12-22 | 2002-03-19 | General Motors Corporation | Cold start-up of a PEM fuel cell |
| US20060280977A1 (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2006-12-14 | Denso Corporation | Fuel cell system |
| US20070292724A1 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-20 | Gilchrist Ian T | System and method to start a fuel cell stack during a cold-start condition |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105564256A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2016-05-11 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Control method and system for starting of fuel cell vehicle |
| CN105564256B (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2019-08-30 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Fuel-cell vehicle method for starting-controlling and system |
| CN109256571A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2019-01-22 | 福特全球技术公司 | Motor vehicles with fuel cell |
| CN109256571B (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2023-03-31 | 福特全球技术公司 | Motor vehicle with fuel cell |
| CN108528234A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-09-14 | 深圳国氢新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of fuel cell protection system and its charging method |
| CN108528234B (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2021-08-13 | 深圳国氢新能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell protection system and charging method thereof |
| CN112659979A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-16 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Fuel cell vehicle and method for controlling power generation of fuel cell vehicle |
| CN112659979B (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2024-05-17 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Fuel cell vehicle and method for controlling power generation of fuel cell vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104051764B (en) | 2018-04-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110962692B (en) | Battery pack heating system and control method thereof | |
| US10115979B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for heating a fuel cell stack | |
| CN105226307B (en) | For heating the device and method of fuel cell pack | |
| CN110316022B (en) | Power supply system for vehicle | |
| CN106165240B (en) | Topology for mixing storage system and control strategy | |
| CN102545317B (en) | The system risen for causing battery temperature | |
| KR101052603B1 (en) | A computer-readable recording medium storing a power supply system and a vehicle having the same, a method for controlling temperature rise of a power storage device, and a program for causing the computer to perform temperature rise control of a power storage device. | |
| JP6229539B2 (en) | Vehicle battery control device | |
| JP5774919B2 (en) | Electric apparatus for driving mechanical equipment and method related thereto | |
| CN103098339B (en) | Battery charging control device | |
| CN108016311A (en) | The high-pressure system and its control method of a kind of new-energy automobile | |
| KR100867825B1 (en) | Emergency start-up control method for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle | |
| CN101685971A (en) | Low-temperature active device and method of vehicle lithium iron phosphate lithium battery | |
| US10164273B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for heating a fuel cell stack | |
| JP2010004732A (en) | Power supply system | |
| CN110316003B (en) | Power supply system for vehicle | |
| US9849805B2 (en) | Fuel cell vehicle | |
| CN105706284B (en) | Dual power supply load driving fuel cell system | |
| CN110945734B (en) | Power supply system and control method thereof | |
| CN104051764A (en) | Apparatus and method for heating a fuel cell stack | |
| JP2015149818A (en) | Electric power control device for vehicle | |
| CN110281901A (en) | Vehicle | |
| JP2018133147A (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| JP2014166109A (en) | Dual power supply load drive system, and fuel cell vehicle | |
| JP6054918B2 (en) | Dual power load drive fuel cell system and fuel cell vehicle |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |