CN104051756B - By using the cathode oxygen stored to improve the overall efficiency of fuel cell system during power temporarily declines - Google Patents
By using the cathode oxygen stored to improve the overall efficiency of fuel cell system during power temporarily declines Download PDFInfo
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- CN104051756B CN104051756B CN201410094205.0A CN201410094205A CN104051756B CN 104051756 B CN104051756 B CN 104051756B CN 201410094205 A CN201410094205 A CN 201410094205A CN 104051756 B CN104051756 B CN 104051756B
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 158
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004760 Pimpinella anisum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037351 starvation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
A kind of system and method for the pressurization volume oxygen for utilizing in the cathode tube of fuel cell system.Described system and method includes calculating air/oxygen based on the air balance in cathode tube and oxygen equilibrium balance.Described system and method also includes the quantity using the air/oxygen calculated balance to determine oxygen mole obtainable for fuel cell chemical reaction, and uses described oxygen mole obtainable for fuel cell chemical reaction to come from fuel cell unit extracted current.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to a system and method for improving the overall efficiency of a fuel cell system using stored cathode oxygen, and more particularly, to a system and method for utilizing the pressurized volume of oxygen available in the cathode tubes of a fuel cell system to generate energy that is provided to the fuel cell system components.
Background
Hydrogen is a very attractive fuel because it is clean and can be used to produce electricity efficiently in a fuel cell. A hydrogen fuel cell is an electrochemical device that includes an anode and a cathode with an electrolyte therebetween. The anode receives hydrogen and the cathode receives oxygen or air. The hydrogen gas dissociates in the anode catalyst to produce free protons and electrons. The protons pass through the electrolyte to the cathode. The protons react with the oxygen and the electrons at the cathode catalyst to produce water. Electrons from the anode cannot pass through the electrolyte and are therefore directed through a load to perform work before being sent to the cathode.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) are a popular fuel cell for vehicles. PEMFCs generally include a solid polymer electrolyte proton conducting membrane, such as a perfluorosulfonic acid membrane. The anode and cathode typically, but not always, comprise finely divided catalytic particles, usually a highly active catalyst (e.g., platinum (Pt)), supported on carbon particles and mixed with an ionomer. The catalytic mixture is deposited on opposite sides of the membrane. The combination of the anode catalytic mixture, the cathode catalytic mixture and the membrane define a Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA). MEAs are relatively expensive to manufacture and require certain conditions to operate efficiently.
Typically, a plurality of fuel cells are combined in a fuel cell stack to produce the required power. For example, a typical fuel cell stack for a vehicle may have two hundred or more fuel cells grouped. The fuel cell stack receives a cathode input gas (typically, air flow forced through the stack by a compressor). Not all of the oxygen is consumed by the stack and some air is output as cathode exhaust, which may include water as a stack byproduct. The fuel cell stack also receives an anode hydrogen input gas that flows into the anode side of the stack.
The fuel cell stack includes a series of bipolar plates positioned between the MEAs in the stack, with the bipolar plates and MEAs positioned between two end plates. The bipolar plates include an anode side and a cathode side for adjacent fuel cells in the stack. Anode gas flow channels are provided on the anode side of the bipolar plates that allow the anode reactant gas to flow to the respective MEA. Cathode gas flow channels are provided on the cathode side of the bipolar plates that allow the cathode reactant gas to flow to the respective MEA. One end plate includes anode gas flow passages and the other end plate includes cathode gas flow passages. The bipolar plates and end plates are made of an electrically conductive material, such as stainless steel or an electrically conductive composite. The end plates conduct fuel cell generated electricity out of the stack. The bipolar plate also includes flow channels through which a cooling fluid flows.
The measurement and control of the proper air flow to the cathode side of the fuel cell stack is critical to the operation of the fuel cell system. If too much air is transferred to the stack, energy is wasted and the fuel cells in the stack may become too dry, thereby affecting the durability of the fuel cells. Too little air is delivered to the stack to cause fuel cell instability due to oxygen starvation. Accordingly, fuel cell systems typically employ an airflow meter in the cathode input line or the cathode output line to provide an accurate measurement of airflow to the fuel cell stack. If the air flow meter fails, it is often necessary to shut down the fuel cell system because the amount of air delivered to the fuel cell stack is not known with sufficient accuracy, which can have a detrimental effect on system components.
During a temporary drop in fuel cell system power, the stack current is typically abruptly reduced, leaving unreacted pressurized oxygen available in the cathode tube volume because the pressure in the cathode tube does not drop immediately. Typically, the pressurized oxygen is released out of the backpressure control valve and is wasted. Therefore, there is a need in the art for a method to utilize the pressurized oxygen available in the cathode tube to generate energy from the pressurized oxygen, rather than simply releasing and wasting the oxygen.
Disclosure of Invention
In accordance with the teachings of the present invention, a system and method for utilizing a pressurized volume of oxygen in a cathode tube of a fuel cell system is disclosed that includes calculating an air/oxygen balance based on an air balance and an oxygen balance in the cathode tube. The system and method also include determining an amount of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction using the calculated air/oxygen balance, and drawing current from the fuel cell stack using the moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction.
The invention also comprises the following scheme:
1. a method for utilizing a pressurized volume of oxygen in a cathode tube of a fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack, the method comprising:
calculating an air/oxygen balance based on the air balance and the oxygen balance in the cathode tube;
determining an amount of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction using the calculated air/oxygen balance; and
the moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction are used to draw current from the fuel cell stack.
2. The method of scheme 1 wherein calculating the air/oxygen balance comprises calculating the air/oxygen balance at the beginning of a temporary drop in fuel cell stack power.
3. The method of scheme 1, further comprising determining a maximum current draw based on the determined number of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction.
4. The method of scheme 1, wherein calculating the air/oxygen balance comprises calculating the air/oxygen balance based on oxygen flowing into the fuel cell stack and oxygen flowing out of the fuel cell stack.
5. The method of scheme 1, further comprising monitoring the voltage of the fuel cell stack while drawing current from the fuel cell stack using the available moles of oxygen.
6. The method of scheme 5, further comprising ending drawing current from the fuel cell stack using the available moles of oxygen if the voltage of the fuel cell stack falls below a predetermined threshold.
7. The method of scheme 5, further comprising recalculating the air/oxygen balance if the voltage of the fuel cell stack does not drop below a predetermined threshold and drawing a new current from the fuel cell stack based on the determined number of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction.
8. A method for utilizing a pressurized volume of oxygen in a cathode tube of a fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack, the method comprising:
calculating an air/oxygen balance based on the air balance and the oxygen balance in the cathode tube at the start of the temporary drop in the power of the fuel cell stack;
determining a first number of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction using the calculated air/oxygen balance;
drawing a first current from the fuel cell stack using the first amount of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction;
after the drawing of the first current is completed, recalculating an air/oxygen balance based on the air balance and the oxygen balance in the cathode tube;
using the calculated air/oxygen balance to determine a next amount of oxygen moles available for the fuel cell chemical reaction; and
the next amount of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction is used to draw the next current from the fuel cell stack.
9. The method of scheme 8, further comprising stopping current draw from the fuel cell stack when the determined number of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction is about zero.
10. The method of scheme 8, further comprising determining a maximum current draw based on the determined number of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the maximum current draw comprises a safety margin.
12. The method of scheme 8, further comprising monitoring the voltage of the fuel cell stack while drawing current from the fuel cell stack using the available moles of oxygen.
13. The method of scheme 12, further comprising ending drawing current from the fuel cell stack using the available moles of oxygen if the voltage of the fuel cell stack falls below a predetermined threshold.
14. A system for utilizing a pressurized volume of oxygen in a cathode tube of a fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack, the system comprising:
a controller programmed to perform the following:
means for calculating an air/oxygen balance based on the air balance and the oxygen balance in the cathode tube;
means for determining an amount of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction using the calculated air/oxygen balance; and
means for drawing current from the fuel cell stack to charge the battery using the moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction.
15. The system of claim 14 wherein the means for calculating the air/oxygen balance calculates the air/oxygen balance at the beginning of the temporary drop in fuel cell stack power.
16. The system of claim 14, further comprising means for determining a maximum current draw based on the determined number of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction.
17. The system of claim 14 wherein the means for calculating the air/oxygen balance calculates the air/oxygen balance based on oxygen flowing into the fuel cell stack and oxygen flowing out of the fuel cell stack.
18. The system of claim 14 further comprising means for monitoring the voltage of the fuel cell stack while drawing current from the fuel cell stack using the available moles of oxygen.
19. The system of claim 18, further comprising means for recalculating the air/oxygen balance if the voltage of the fuel cell stack does not drop below a predetermined threshold and drawing a new current from the fuel cell stack based on the determined number of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction.
Further features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a fuel cell system; and
fig. 2 is a flow chart illustrating an operation for utilizing a pressurized volume of oxygen available in a cathode tube volume of a fuel cell system.
Detailed Description
The following discussion of the embodiments of the invention directed to a system and method for improving the overall efficiency of a fuel cell system using stored cathode oxygen is merely exemplary in nature, and is in no way intended to limit the invention or its applications or uses.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a fuel cell system 10 including a fuel cell stack 12. The compressor 16 provides a flow of air to the cathode side of the fuel cell stack 12 on the cathode input line 14 through a moisture transport (WVT) unit 18 that humidifies the cathode input air. The WVT unit 18 is one type of applicable humidification device, where other types of humidification devices (e.g., enthalpy (enthalpy) wheels, evaporators, etc.) may be applicable for humidifying the cathode inlet air. Cathode exhaust is output from the stack 12 on a cathode exhaust line 20 through a backpressure valve 22. An exhaust line 20 directs the cathode exhaust to the WVT unit 18 to provide moisture to humidify the cathode input air. A cathode pressure sensor 24 is provided on the cathode input line 14 to measure the pressure on the cathode side of the stack 12. A cathode air flow meter 26 is also provided on the cathode input line 14 to measure the air flow to the cathode side of the stack 12. Alternatively, the cathode air flow meter 26 may be provided on the cathode exhaust line 20 upstream of the backpressure valve 22. The voltmeter 28 measures the average cell voltage of the fuel cells in the stack 12 as well as the minimum cell voltage.
The anode side of the fuel cell stack 12 receives hydrogen from a hydrogen source 32 on an anode input line 30 and provides anode exhaust on a line 34 through a valve 36 (e.g., a bleed valve, etc.). A pump 38 pumps a cooling fluid through the stack 12 and a coolant loop 40 external to the stack 12. The temperature sensor 46 measures the temperature of the cooling fluid exiting the battery pack 12. A power source 42 (e.g., a battery) is included to provide current through the stack 12. The power source 42 may receive current from the battery pack 12 for charging purposes. The controller 44 controls fuel cell system components such as the compressor 16 and the back pressure valve 22. The controller also receives inputs from a cathode pressure sensor 24, a cathode air flow meter 26 and a voltmeter 28. The controller 44 additionally performs other system 10 functions, including algorithms discussed in detail below.
During a temporary drop in power to the fuel cell system 10, the stack current typically decreases abruptly. The sudden reduction of current in the stack leaves unreacted pressurized oxygen available in cathode inlet line 14, the cathode side of stack 12, and cathode exhaust line 20 (collectively referred to as the cathode tubes). Typically, the pressurized oxygen is released out of the backpressure valve 22 and is wasted because the maximum current that can be drawn from the fuel cell stack 12 is determined by the air flow through the air inlet flow meter 26, according to known algorithms. Therefore, according to known algorithms, the pressurized oxygen available in the cathode tubes is not considered in determining the maximum current draw from the fuel cell stack 12. In fact, however, during the onset of the temporary drop in power, the stack 12 may have a large amount of pressurized oxygen available (due to stack capacity).
Fig. 2 is a flow chart diagram 50 showing a process for utilizing the pressurized volume of oxygen available in the cathode tube volume of the fuel cell system 10 during a temporary power reduction. As described above, the fuel cell stack 12 may contain a large amount of oxygen during the start of the temporary drop in power. Thus, the algorithm (described in detail below) dynamically considers the oxygen capacity of the stack and calculates the accumulated oxygen available in the stack 12 during the temporary drop in power.
The amount of oxygen available for power generation is calculated at block 52 based on the air balance and the oxygen balance at the beginning of the temporary power drop of the fuel cell stack 12. Oxygen inside the stack 12 during a temporary power drop: () Will be available for the maximum current and calculated as:
wherein:
wherein,is the pressure of the battery pack and,is the volume of the cathode side of the stack 12, R is the gas constant (8.314J/K.mol), anIs the temperature of the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack 12.
For air mass balance, the air remaining inside the battery pack 12 may be calculated as:
wherein:
。
the water produced in the fuel cell chemical reaction is assumed to be water vapor. Thus, based on a chemical reaction, one mole of oxygen is consumed in the reaction and two moles of water vapor will be produced. Thus, the net increase in air during the reaction is one mole, which is equal to the amount of oxygen consumed in the fuel cell chemical reaction. The air staying inside the battery pack 12 is calculated as:
。
when the termIs the oxygen mole fraction in the air stream exiting the stack 12 (which is assumed to be equal to the oxygen mole fraction remaining in the stack 12), the oxygen mole fraction is calculated as:
。
by using the formula given above, the oxygen mole fraction in the air stream exiting the stackAnd the oxygen molar fraction remaining in the stack 12Number, may be determined at block 54. Then, based onIs determined at block 56. The maximum current draw may include a safety margin to avoid collapse of the battery voltage. For example, the maximum current draw may be based on a determination made in the battery pack 12Half of the total.
Once the maximum current draw is determined at block 56, the algorithm draws less than a predetermined amount of current drawn by the maximum current draw for a period of time at block 58. The current drawn from the stack 12 is the current generated using the oxygen available for the fuel cell reaction as calculated above. When current is drawn at box 58, the algorithm determines whether the voltage of the battery 12 drops below a predetermined threshold (as measured by the pressure gauge 28) at decision diamond 60. If the voltage drops below the predetermined threshold during the current draw (as determined at decision diamond 60), the algorithm ends at box 62.
The algorithm described is a dynamic algorithm. Thus, once the maximum current draw is determined at box 56 based on the air/oxygen balance at the beginning of the temporary power drop at box 52 and the specified amperage is drawn from the fuel cell stack 12 at box 58, the algorithm recalculates the air/oxygen balance for the next time step at box 64 (if the voltage of the stack 12 does not drop below the predetermined threshold at decision diamond 60). Next, at block 66, the algorithm calculates the available oxygen moles for the fuel cell chemical reaction. Using the information from block 66, the algorithm returns to block 56 and determines the maximum current draw and proceeds as discussed above. An exemplary current draw that may be drawn from the fuel cell stack 12 is 300 amps, meter (for) 800 milliseconds. However, the current draw will vary depending on the estimated cathode oxygen available for the fuel cell reaction.
As will be well understood by those skilled in the art, the various steps and processes discussed herein to describe the present invention may involve operations performed by a computer, processor or other electronic computing device that manipulates and/or transforms data using electrical phenomena. Those computers and electronic devices may employ various volatile and/or non-volatile memories, including non-transitory computer-readable media having stored thereon executable programs comprising various codes or executable instructions that are capable of being executed by a computer or processor, wherein the memory and/or computer-readable media may include all forms and types of memory and other computer-readable media.
The foregoing discussion discloses and describes merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from such discussion and from the accompanying drawings and claims that various changes, modifications and variations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (19)
1. A method for utilizing a pressurized volume of oxygen in a cathode tube of a fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack, the method comprising:
calculating an air/oxygen balance based on the air balance and the oxygen balance in the cathode tubes, wherein calculating the air/oxygen balance comprises assuming that the mole fraction of oxygen in the air stream exiting the fuel cell stack is equal to the mole fraction of oxygen remaining in the fuel cell stack;
determining an amount of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction using the calculated air/oxygen balance; and
the moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction are used to draw current from the fuel cell stack.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein calculating the air/oxygen balance comprises calculating the air/oxygen balance at the beginning of a temporary drop in fuel cell stack power.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining a maximum current draw based on the determined number of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the air/oxygen balance comprises calculating the air/oxygen balance based on oxygen flowing into the fuel cell stack and oxygen flowing out of the fuel cell stack.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising monitoring a voltage of the fuel cell stack while drawing current from the fuel cell stack using the available moles of oxygen.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising ending drawing current from the fuel cell stack using the available moles of oxygen if the voltage of the fuel cell stack falls below a predetermined threshold.
7. The method of claim 5, further comprising recalculating the air/oxygen balance if the voltage of the fuel cell stack does not drop below the predetermined threshold and drawing a new current from the fuel cell stack based on the determined number of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction.
8. A method for utilizing a pressurized volume of oxygen in a cathode tube of a fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack, the method comprising:
calculating an air/oxygen balance based on an air balance and an oxygen balance in a cathode tube at the beginning of a temporary drop in fuel cell stack power, wherein calculating the air/oxygen balance comprises assuming that a mole fraction of oxygen in an air stream exiting the fuel cell stack is equal to a mole fraction of oxygen residing in the fuel cell stack;
determining a first number of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction using the calculated air/oxygen balance;
drawing a first current from the fuel cell stack using the first amount of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction;
after the drawing of the first current is completed, recalculating an air/oxygen balance based on the air balance and the oxygen balance in the cathode tube;
using the calculated air/oxygen balance to determine a next amount of oxygen moles available for the fuel cell chemical reaction; and
the next amount of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction is used to draw the next current from the fuel cell stack.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising stopping current draw from the fuel cell stack when the determined number of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction is approximately zero.
10. The method of claim 8, further comprising determining a maximum current draw based on the determined number of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the maximum current draw comprises a safety margin.
12. The method of claim 8, further comprising monitoring a voltage of the fuel cell stack while drawing current from the fuel cell stack using the available moles of oxygen.
13. The method of claim 12, further comprising ending drawing current from the fuel cell stack using the available moles of oxygen if the voltage of the fuel cell stack falls below a predetermined threshold.
14. A system for utilizing a pressurized volume of oxygen in a cathode tube of a fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack, the system comprising:
a controller programmed to perform the following:
means for calculating an air/oxygen balance based on an air balance and an oxygen balance in a cathode tube, wherein calculating the air/oxygen balance comprises assuming that a mole fraction of oxygen in an air stream exiting the fuel cell stack is equal to a mole fraction of oxygen residing in the fuel cell stack;
means for determining an amount of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction using the calculated air/oxygen balance; and
means for drawing current from the fuel cell stack to charge the battery using the moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction.
15. The system of claim 14 wherein the means for calculating the air/oxygen balance calculates the air/oxygen balance at the beginning of the temporary drop in fuel cell stack power.
16. The system of claim 14, further comprising means for determining a maximum current draw based on the determined number of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction.
17. The system of claim 14, wherein the means for calculating the air/oxygen balance calculates the air/oxygen balance based on oxygen flowing into the fuel cell stack and oxygen flowing out of the fuel cell stack.
18. The system of claim 14, further comprising means for monitoring the voltage of the fuel cell stack while drawing current from the fuel cell stack using the available moles of oxygen.
19. The system of claim 18, further comprising means for recalculating the air/oxygen balance if the voltage of the fuel cell stack does not drop below a predetermined threshold and drawing a new current from the fuel cell stack based on the determined number of moles of oxygen available for the fuel cell chemical reaction.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/844205 | 2013-03-15 | ||
| US13/844,205 | 2013-03-15 | ||
| US13/844,205 US9178232B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2013-03-15 | FCS overall efficiency by using stored cathode oxygen during down-transients |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104051756A CN104051756A (en) | 2014-09-17 |
| CN104051756B true CN104051756B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6306531B1 (en) * | 1999-07-06 | 2001-10-23 | General Motors Corporation | Combustor air flow control method for fuel cell apparatus |
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6306531B1 (en) * | 1999-07-06 | 2001-10-23 | General Motors Corporation | Combustor air flow control method for fuel cell apparatus |
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