CN104047255B - Artificial initiation river bed change is to river level sensitive analytical method - Google Patents
Artificial initiation river bed change is to river level sensitive analytical method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Artificial initiation river bed change, to river level sensitive analytical method, has been collected the Streamflow Data since there is hydrologic record in region, river course to be assessed, is determined channel forming disahcge, and tidal stencils is selected to make a runoff and day river mouth actual measurement tidal level process is occurred; Collection is made a runoff and natural stream channel actual measurement topographic map is a few days ago occurred; Gather natural stream channel geologic information, determine each section sand bed buried depth, sand bed width; By the characteristic parameter of soil test determination bed load and suspended load; According to above-mentioned basic data, set up the husky computational mathematics model of water; By water level checking, the checking of suspended load sand content, the checking of landform erosion and deposition, rule determines natural stream channel roughness; Riverbed Region dividing based on natural stream channel river sand reserve distribution is 4th district; Forecast zones of different people digs the husky impact on following river water level Changing Pattern.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to hydraulic engineering Technical Development Area, a kind of artificial river of causing is drilled river level sensitive analytical method specifically.
[background technology]
Natural stream channel is under the Natural Water such as runoff and tide dynamic action, or the natural phenomena deformed due to the human intervention such as dig sand, build a dam, and is referred to as river bed change.The differentiation of natural stream channel is closely connected with river course sandstone.River course sandstone has two attributes, and first river course sandstone is the important component part in riverbed, concerning stable, the flood control of river gesture and navigation safely, relate to normal utilization and the eco-environmental conditions protection of river engineering.Secondly river course sandstone is a kind of limited resource.Adopt the activity that sand is people's for a change riverbed natural form, a part of section 10 year in some river, dig up the sand and stone resources deposition being equivalent to 200 years, sand activity of adopting the sufficient proof in many rivers, what lack that planning instructs adopts sand activity and must be in blindly unordered runaway condition, and the aspects such as, flood control stable to river gesture and navigation safety all bring very large harm.The impact of river bed change involves a wide range of knowledge, " pull one hair and move the whole body ", because of river bed change, golden pheasant large gate in maximum power station, East China on the Min River, Fujian Province Shuikou Hydraulic Station, Jinjiang, the north on Jiulongjiang River draw partial loss of function or the subject to severe risks of damage of the important water conservancy projects such as large gate and western small stream large gate, even rebuild, cause tremendous economic to lose; Moreover, due to river bed change, the Min River and Jiulongjiang River there are the Wan Shouqiao of centuries history, big vast Shan Guqiao, east of a river Gu Qiao and 15 ponds, family in succession to be ruined, river bed change also makes hydrodynamic condition change, shrink back in river mouth, wetland disappears, salty tide traces back, some getting water from water head site mouths of provincial capital of Fujian Province Foochow cause flow condition to change because of river bed change, chlorine ion concentration was once exceeding standard ten times, the precious new diversion works in Zhangzhou City and water works, Zhangzhou City second are scrapped because of hydrodynamic condition change, have a strong impact on field irrigation and urban drinking water safety.
The demand of development to river course sandstone of economic society is inevitable, and the amount usable of river course sandstone is limited, the supporting capacity beyond river course will bring irreversible impact, causes many great rivers that relates to and to paddle public safety problem.How to handle the three relationships of protection and development, requirements and potentialities, man and nature well; just be starved of and can predict river course zones of different people to be dig sand to natural stream channel development and the analytical method along journey water level variation; to grasp the impact of mankind's activity on the Changing Pattern that following river moves; instruct science, rationally, moderately utilize river course sand and stone resources; safeguard river health; adequately protect and play the multi-function action in river, to support the development of economic society better.
[summary of the invention]
Technical problem to be solved by this invention there are provided a kind of artificial river bed change that causes to river level sensitive prediction analysis method, the method generally can change classification to the explored natural river sand regularity of distribution, science is instructed to adopt sand, determine under various human intervention condition, natural river each cross-section of river future levels Changing Pattern, to guarantee the harmonious development of people's water.
The present invention is achieved in that
Artificial initiation river is drilled river level sensitive analytical method, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step 1: collected the Streamflow Data since there is hydrologic record in region, river course to be assessed, determine channel forming disahcge, tidal stencils is selected to make a runoff and day river mouth actual measurement tidal level process is occurred;
Step 2: gather natural stream channel after making a runoff generation a few days ago and survey topographic map;
Step 3: gather natural stream channel geologic information, determine each section sand bed buried depth, sand bed width;
Step 4: by the characteristic parameter of soil test determination bed load and suspended load;
Step 5: according to above-mentioned basic data, sets up the husky computational mathematics model of water;
Step 6: by water level checking, the checking of suspended load sand content, the checking of landform erosion and deposition, rule determines natural stream channel roughness;
Step 7: the riverbed Region dividing based on natural stream channel river sand reserve distribution is 4th district, specifically comprises:
If natural river course total length is Lt, actual measurement river cross-section number is m, and actual measurement river cross-section sand bed width is Wi, i=1 ~ m, and actual measurement river cross-section amasss as Si, i=1 ~ m, riverbed each measured profile overall average sand bed reserves area
riverbed overall average equivalent dinting depth
then:
A district:
River is long is LA=(25% ± 1%) × Lt;
Region river sand average reserves area SAav=(37% ± 3%) × Sav;
Region river sand maximum reserves area SAmax=(70% ± 2%) × Sav;
Region river sand average equivalent buried depth HAdl=(80% ± 2%) × Hdl;
Maximum buried depth HAdlmax=(120% ± the 10%) × Hdl of region river sand;
B district:
River is long is LB=(25% ± 1%) × Lt;
Region river sand average reserves area SBav=(74% ± 2%) × Sav;
Region river sand maximum reserves area SBmax=(150% ± 10%) × Sav;
Region river sand average equivalent buried depth HBdl=(107% ± 10%) × Hdl;
Maximum buried depth HBdlmax=(130% ± the 10%) × Hdl of region river sand;
C district:
River is long is LC=(30% ± 1%) × Lt;
Region river sand average reserves area SCav=(160% ± 5%) × Sav;
Region river sand maximum reserves area SCmax=(260% ± 10%) × Sav;
Region river sand average equivalent buried depth HCdl=(108% ± 5%) × Hdl;
Maximum buried depth HCdlmax=(130% ± the 5%) × Hdl of region river sand;
D district:
River is long is LD=(20% ± 1%) × Lt;
Region river sand average reserves area SDav=(140% ± 5%) × Sav;
Region river sand maximum reserves area SDmax=(310% ± 10%) × Sav;
Region river sand average equivalent buried depth HDdl=(105% ± 5%) × Hdl;
Maximum buried depth HDdlmax=(140% ± the 5%) × Hdl of region river sand;
Step 8: forecast zones of different people digs the husky impact on following river water level Changing Pattern: according to explored four district's river sand reserves and distributions, judge with the long incision HAdlmax in LA river, A area, simultaneously, B, C, D, region is kept to be present situation landform, when can predict generation riverbed, a-quadrant limiting scour by the calculated with mathematical model set up, natural stream channel cross sections water level variation; With the long incision HBdlmax in LB river, B region, meanwhile, A, C, D, region is kept to be present situation landform, when can predict generation riverbed, B region limiting scour by the calculated with mathematical model set up, natural stream channel cross sections water level variation; With the long incision HCdlmax in LC river, C region, meanwhile, A, B, D, region is kept to be present situation landform, when can predict generation riverbed, C region limiting scour by the calculated with mathematical model set up, natural stream channel cross sections water level variation; With the long incision HDdlmax in LD river, D region, meanwhile, A, B, C, region is kept to be present situation landform, when can predict generation riverbed, D region limiting scour by the calculated with mathematical model set up, natural stream channel cross sections water level variation.
Which the invention has the advantages that: 1, clearly region can dig sand in, dig how many, little to natural river course flow properties influence, which region to dig sand in, dig how many, large to natural river course flow properties influence, thus make scientific and reasonable river sand production program, both considered the demand of economic construction to sand and stone resources necessity, the xcessive digging of natural river course exposed to damaging can have been avoided again, make both ends meet, guarantee the natural, ecological of rivers health; 2, can forecast that zones of different people is under digging husky condition, the Changing Pattern of the hydraulic elements such as following river water level, flow velocity, streamflow separation mouth, the split ratio converging mouth, tidal current limit, tidal limit.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
The invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the natural stream channel actual measurement Digital Topographic Map ' before specific embodiment of the invention Lower Reaches of Min River makes a runoff generation.
Fig. 2 is the natural stream channel actual measurement Digital Topographic Map ' after specific embodiment of the invention Lower Reaches of Min River makes a runoff generation.
Fig. 3 be the specific embodiment of the invention water level proof diagram is carried out to the husky computational mathematics model of water.
Fig. 4 be the specific embodiment of the invention suspended load sand content proof diagram is carried out to the husky computational mathematics model of water.
Fig. 5 be the specific embodiment of the invention landform erosion and deposition proof diagram is carried out to the husky computational mathematics model of water.
Fig. 6 is that the present inventor causes river bed change four class zoning plan for adopting sand;
Fig. 7 is A people from district of the present invention for adopting under emery stick part the withered season water level variation figure of section under Shuikou Hydraulic Station dam;
Fig. 8 is B people from district of the present invention for adopting under emery stick part the withered season water level variation figure of section under Shuikou Hydraulic Station dam;
Fig. 9 is C people from district of the present invention for adopting under emery stick part the withered season water level variation figure of section under Shuikou Hydraulic Station dam;
Figure 10 is D people from district of the present invention for adopting under emery stick part the withered season water level variation figure of section under Shuikou Hydraulic Station dam;
[detailed description of the invention]
Below with a person of good sense a specific embodiment for causing river bed change to river level sensitive prediction analysis method, comprise the steps:
Step 1: maximum power station, the East China Shuikou Hydraulic Station of collecting on the Min River, Fujian Province build up after year November January to 2010 nineteen ninety-five amount to 5750 days Streamflow Datas, determine that channel forming disahcge is the peak flood flow 30600m of 2005
3the peak flood flow 29400m of/s and 2006 year
3/ s; Tidal stencils is selected to make a runoff and actual measurement tidal level process in day Min Jiang He Kou Guanxi head hydrometric station is occurred.
Step 2: (as shown in Figure 1) in 2003 before collection Lower Reaches of Min River makes a runoff generation and 2008 natural stream channels actual measurement Digital Topographic Map ' (as shown in Figure 2) after making a runoff generation.
Step 3: gather Lower Reaches of Min River natural stream channel 93km, the geologic information of 300 borings; Determine natural stream channel each section sand bed buried depth, sand bed width, calculate sand bed area and sand bed equivalent buried depth.Coboundary is Shuikou Hydraulic Station actual measurement letdown flow process, and lower boundary is Min Jiang Kou Guanxi head and plum blossom hydrometric station measured water level graph.
Step 4: by the characteristic parameter of soil test determination bed load and suspended load.
Step 5: according to above-mentioned basic data, sets up the husky computational mathematics model of water.
Step 6: water level checking (as shown in Figure 3), suspended load sand content checking (as shown in Figure 4), landform erosion and deposition checking (as shown in Figure 5) are carried out to the husky computational mathematics model of water.
Step 7: the riverbed Region dividing based on natural stream channel river sand reserve distribution:
Lower Reaches of Min River natural river course total length is L
t=88.12km, actual measurement river cross-section number is 93, and actual measurement river cross-section sand bed width is W
i=262 ~ 2839m, i=1 ~ 93, actual measurement river cross-section amasss as S
i=647 ~ 24596.3m
2, i=1 ~ 93, riverbed each measured profile overall average sand bed reserves area S
av=7966.6m
2, riverbed overall average equivalent dinting depth H
dl=7.49m, then:
A district:
River is long is L
a=22.40km;
Region river sand average reserves area S
aav=2941.4m
2;
Region river sand maximum reserves area S
amax=5620.6m
2;
Region river sand average equivalent buried depth H
adl=5.97m;
The maximum buried depth H of region river sand
adlmax=8.99m;
B district:
River is long is L
b=21.75km;
Region river sand average reserves area S
bav=5897.4m
2;
Region river sand maximum reserves area S
bmax=12071.5m
2;
Region river sand average equivalent buried depth H
bdl=8.01m;
The maximum buried depth H of region river sand
bdlmax=10.01m;
C district:
River is long is L
c=25.81km;
Region river sand average reserves area S
cav=12582.7m
2;
Region river sand maximum reserves area S
cmax=20726m
2;
Region river sand average equivalent buried depth H
cdl=8.11m;
The maximum buried depth H of region river sand
cdlmax=9.88m;
D district:
River is long is L
d=18.16km;
Region river sand average reserves area S
dav=10965.4m
2;
Region river sand maximum reserves area S
dmax=24596.3m
2;
Region river sand average equivalent buried depth H
ddl=7.84m;
The maximum buried depth H of region river sand
ddlmax=10.28m;
Fig. 6 is shown in by four district's plan views;
Step 8: forecast zones of different people under digging husky condition, following river water level Changing Pattern: specifically comprise:
In Fig. 7, square points curve is present situation typical case 24 hours days natural stream channel stage hydrograph, and Diamond spot curve is that 22.40km river sand in A district digs dark 8.99m, when keeping B, C, D, region to be present situation landform, and 24 hours riverbed stage hydrographs.Wherein under tale quale, section natural stream channel lowest water level 5.52m under withered season typical case day Shuikou Hydraulic Station dam, after dark 8.99m is dug in A district, riverbed lowest water level 2.89m;
In Fig. 8, square points curve is present situation typical case 24 hours days natural stream channel stage hydrograph, and Diamond spot curve is that 21.75km river sand in B district digs dark 10.01m, when keeping A, C, D, region to be present situation landform, and 24 hours riverbed stage hydrographs.Wherein under tale quale, section natural stream channel lowest water level 5.52m under withered season typical case day Shuikou Hydraulic Station dam, after dark 10.01m is dug in B district, riverbed lowest water level 5.52m;
In Fig. 9, square points curve is present situation typical case 24 hours days natural stream channel stage hydrograph, and Diamond spot curve is that 25.81km river sand in C district digs dark 9.88m, when keeping A, B, D, region to be present situation landform, and 24 hours riverbed stage hydrographs.Wherein under tale quale, section natural stream channel lowest water level 5.52m under withered season typical case day Shuikou Hydraulic Station dam, after dark 9.88m is dug in C district, riverbed lowest water level 5.52m;
In Figure 10, square points curve is present situation typical case 24 hours days natural stream channel stage hydrograph, and Diamond spot curve is that 18.16km river sand in D district digs dark 10.28m, when keeping A, B, C, region to be present situation landform, and 24 hours riverbed stage hydrographs.Wherein under tale quale, section natural stream channel lowest water level 5.52m under withered season typical case day Shuikou Hydraulic Station dam, after dark 10.28m is dug in D district, riverbed lowest water level 5.52m.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, anyly belongs to those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. people is for causing river bed change to river level sensitive analytical method, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step 1: collected the Streamflow Data since there is hydrologic record in region, river course to be assessed, determine channel forming disahcge, tidal stencils is selected to make a runoff and day river mouth actual measurement tidal level process is occurred;
Step 2: gather natural stream channel after making a runoff generation a few days ago and survey topographic map;
Step 3: gather natural stream channel geologic information, determine each section sand bed buried depth, sand bed width;
Step 4: by the characteristic parameter of soil test determination bed load and suspended load;
Step 5: according to above-mentioned basic data, sets up the husky computational mathematics model of water;
Step 6: by water level checking, the checking of suspended load sand content, the checking of landform erosion and deposition, rule determines natural stream channel roughness;
Step 7: the riverbed Region dividing based on natural stream channel river sand reserve distribution is 4th district, specifically comprises:
If natural river course total length is Lt, actual measurement river cross-section number is m, and actual measurement river cross-section sand bed width is Wi, i=1 ~ m, and actual measurement river cross-section amasss as Si, i=1 ~ m, riverbed each measured profile overall average sand bed reserves area
riverbed overall average equivalent dinting depth
then:
A district:
River is long is LA=(25% ± 1%) × Lt;
Region river sand average reserves area SAav=(37% ± 3%) × Sav;
Region river sand maximum reserves area SAmax=(70% ± 2%) × Sav;
Region river sand average equivalent buried depth HAdl=(80% ± 2%) × Hdl;
Maximum buried depth HAdlmax=(120% ± the 10%) × Hdl of region river sand;
B district:
River is long is LB=(25% ± 1%) × Lt;
Region river sand average reserves area SBav=(74% ± 2%) × Sav;
Region river sand maximum reserves area SBmax=(150% ± 10%) × Sav;
Region river sand average equivalent buried depth HBdl=(107% ± 10%) × Hdl;
Maximum buried depth HBdlmax=(130% ± the 10%) × Hdl of region river sand;
C district:
River is long is LC=(30% ± 1%) × Lt;
Region river sand average reserves area SCav=(160% ± 5%) × Sav;
Region river sand maximum reserves area SCmax=(260% ± 10%) × Sav;
Region river sand average equivalent buried depth HCdl=(108% ± 5%) × Hdl;
Maximum buried depth HCdlmax=(130% ± the 5%) × Hdl of region river sand;
D district:
River is long is LD=(20% ± 1%) × Lt;
Region river sand average reserves area SDav=(140% ± 5%) × Sav;
Region river sand maximum reserves area SDmax=(310% ± 10%) × Sav;
Region river sand average equivalent buried depth HDdl=(105% ± 5%) × Hdl;
Maximum buried depth HDdlmax=(140% ± the 5%) × Hdl of region river sand;
Step 8: forecast zones of different people digs the husky impact on following river water level Changing Pattern: according to explored four district's river sand reserves and distributions, judge with the long incision HAdlmax in LA river, A area, simultaneously, B, C, D region is kept to be present situation landform, when can predict generation riverbed, a-quadrant limiting scour by the calculated with mathematical model set up, natural stream channel cross sections water level variation; With the long incision HBdlmax in LB river, B region, meanwhile, A, C, D region is kept to be present situation landform, when can predict generation riverbed, B region limiting scour by the calculated with mathematical model set up, natural stream channel cross sections water level variation; With the long incision HCdlmax in LC river, C region, meanwhile, A, B, D region is kept to be present situation landform, when can predict generation riverbed, C region limiting scour by the calculated with mathematical model set up, natural stream channel cross sections water level variation; With the long incision HDdlmax in LD river, D region, meanwhile, A, B, C region is kept to be present situation landform, when can predict generation riverbed, D region limiting scour by the calculated with mathematical model set up, natural stream channel cross sections water level variation.
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| CN107401140B (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2019-04-12 | 武汉大学 | The determination method of tributary lower reaches section channel forming disahcge |
| CN109341649B (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2021-10-15 | 福建省水利水电勘测设计研究院 | Dynamic forecasting method for river bed elevation change caused by crossing-river subway |
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| CN102864754A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2013-01-09 | 重庆交通大学 | Measuring and controlling method of scouring depth of training wall of river reach of bridge site |
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