CN104046872A - 一种含Bi变形镁合金 - Google Patents

一种含Bi变形镁合金 Download PDF

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CN104046872A
CN104046872A CN201410249851.XA CN201410249851A CN104046872A CN 104046872 A CN104046872 A CN 104046872A CN 201410249851 A CN201410249851 A CN 201410249851A CN 104046872 A CN104046872 A CN 104046872A
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magnesium alloy
alloy
extrusion
cast
tensile strength
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CN104046872B (zh
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黄正华
戚文军
徐静
周楠
宋东福
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Institute of New Materials of Guangdong Academy of Sciences
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GUANGDONG RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY (GUANGZHOU RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF NON-FERROUS METALS)
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Abstract

一种含Bi变形镁合金,其特征是由以下组分和重量百分比组成:Zn5.0~6.0%、Zr0.3~0.9%和Bi0.2~1.1%,余量为Mg。本发明的镁合金具有优良的铸态和挤压态室温拉伸力学性能:铸态抗拉强度和延伸率分别为250~265MPa和11.0~14.0%,挤压态抗拉强度和延伸率分别为345~360MPa和15.5~16.5%。本发明的变形镁合金适用于轨道交通、汽车、运动器械等行业。

Description

一种含Bi变形镁合金
技术领域
本发明涉及一种镁合金,特别涉及一种含Bi变形镁合金。 
背景技术
镁合金具有低密度、高比强度和比刚度等优点,在汽车、通讯电子和航空航天等领域得到日益广泛的应用,成为目前重要的轻质高强环保结构材料之一。变形镁合金呈现更好的延展性和综合性能。高强ZK60变形镁合金是目前应用较广泛的商用镁合金之一,其比强度已超高强7075铝合金,但其综合性能仍不能满足所有应用要求,拉伸力学性能仍有待于提高。稀土(RE)具有独特的核外电子排布和化学特性,可增强原子间结合力、减小原子扩散速度、形成高热稳定性的化合物,同时能减少铸锭显微疏松、降低合金热裂倾向、提高合金耐蚀性及降低合金液氧化烧损并减少氧化夹杂缺陷等。因此在镁合金中添加RE是提高其拉伸力学性能的有效途径。 
CN200410081258.5名称为“一种含稀土钇的高塑性镁合金”的发明专利公开了通过在ZK60合金中添加稀土Y阻碍热挤压过程中再结晶晶粒的长大,进一步细化晶粒,从而在保持合金高强度条件下提高其塑性。该发明的Mg-(5.0~8.5)Zn-(0.7~2.0)Y-(0.6~0.8)Zr合金挤压态平均晶粒尺寸为5~8 μm,室温抗拉强度为322~337 MPa,延伸率为18~21.5%。 
CN200710011501.X名称为“有效利用稀土元素Y强化Mg-Zn-Y-Zr系镁合金及制备方法”的发明专利公开了通过选取合理的Zn/Y比(6~15),将引入到Mg-Zn-Y-Zr合金基体中准晶相的体积百分含量达到最大,从而使合金获得较高的强度且保留着较好的塑性。该发明的Mg-(5~30)Zn-(0.5~5)Y -(0.3~0.8)Zr合金的室温抗拉强度为290~360 MPa,延伸率为10~18%。 
上述两专利均通过添加Y来获得良好的强度和塑性,但合金室温拉伸力学性能仍有待于提高,特别是在保持良好塑性基础上进一步提高强度,且两者的高Zn含量将导致热裂倾向变严重。同时鉴于RE价格普遍较昂贵,通过开发不含RE的变形镁合金来降低成本,从而将有助于拓宽镁合金的应用领域。 
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有Mg-Zn-Zr系合金存在的强度和塑性不足及成本较昂贵的问题,提出一种含Bi变形镁合金。 
本发明所述变形镁合金的组分及其重量百分比为:Zn 5.0~6.0%、Zr 0.3~0.9%和Bi 0.2~1.1%,余量为Mg。 
本发明所述最佳的变形镁合金的组分及其重量百分比为:Zn 6.0%、Zr 0.9%和Bi 0.2%,余量为Mg。 
本发明以5.0~6.0%Zn作为基本成分,同时加入0.3~0.9%Zr起细化晶粒的作用,加入0.2~1.1%Bi形成一定量的高热稳定性含较多Bi的Zn-Zr-Bi相,同时低稳定性相MgZn2有所减少。合理的熔铸方法可有效地保证各元素的溶解和减少其烧损。通过合理的变形加工方法,如低温和大挤压比等,经强应变挤压晶粒和第二相颗粒被有效破碎、细化,第二相促进热挤压过程中动态再结晶的发生和抑制再结晶晶粒的长大,形成微米级(4~6 μm)的细晶,同时细小的第二相起到弥散强化合金基体和钉扎晶界的作用,有效阻碍晶界滑移。因此本发明的Mg-Zn-Zr-Bi合金呈现细化的铸态组织与微米级的挤压态组织、优异的铸态与挤压态室温拉伸力学性能,可拓宽Mg-Zn-Zr系变形镁合金在汽车、通讯电子和航空航天等领域的应用。 
附图说明
图1是实施例1的铸态光学显微组织照片。 
图2是实施例1的铸态扫描显微组织照片。 
图3是实施例1的挤压态光学显微组织照片。 
图4是实施例1的挤压态扫描显微组织照片。 
具体实施方式
结合本发明技术方案的内容提供以下两个实施例,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述两个实施例。 
实施例1 
合金成分的重量百分比为:Zn 6.0%、Zr 0.9%和Bi 0.2%,余量为Mg。
按上述成分配制合金,其熔铸方法为:在CO2和0.2vol%SF6混合气体保护下,待工业纯Mg熔化后升温至730℃,每隔5min依次将工业纯Zn、Mg-Zr中间合金和工业纯Bi加入熔体中;在1h内搅拌熔体两次;然后加入JDMJ型精炼剂搅拌后升温至750~760℃,静置30min;最后待熔体温度冷却至715℃,除渣后倒入强制冷却的楔型模具中形成铸态试样,倒入圆柱模具中形成铸坯。其变形加工方法为:上述铸坯在400℃均匀化处理8h,采用正挤压方式,挤压比为60,挤压温度为320℃,挤压速度为0.5m/min。 
实施例1的铸态平均晶粒尺寸为140μm,室温抗拉强度和延伸率分别为265MPa和13.5%;挤压态平均晶粒尺寸为4μm,室温抗拉强度和延伸率分别为360MPa和16.5%。 
实施例2 
合金成分的重量百分比为:Zn 5.0%、Zr 0.3%和Bi 1.1%,余量为Mg。
按上述成分配制合金,其熔铸方法为:在CO2和0.2vol%SF6混合气体保护下,待工业纯Mg熔化后升温至730℃,每隔5min依次将工业纯Zn、Mg-Zr中间合金和工业纯Bi加入熔体中;在1h内搅拌熔体两次;然后加入JDMJ型精炼剂搅拌后升温至750~760℃,静置30min;最后待熔体温度冷却至715℃,除渣后倒入强制冷却的楔型模具中形成铸态试样,倒入圆柱模具中形成铸坯。其变形加工方法为:上述铸坯在400℃均匀化处理8h,采用正挤压方式,挤压比为60,挤压温度为320℃,挤压速度为0.5m/min。 
实施例2的铸态平均晶粒尺寸为80μm,室温抗拉强度和延伸率分别为250MPa和11.0%,挤压态平均晶粒尺寸为6μm,室温抗拉强度和延伸率分别为345MPa和15.5%。 
本发明的实施例和对比例的铸态、挤压态平均晶粒尺寸和室温拉伸力学性能列于表1中。 
表1  实施例和对比例的平均晶粒尺寸和室温拉伸力学性能 
* 对比例1:ZL200410081258.5;对比例2:ZL200710011501.X。

Claims (2)

1.一种含Bi变形镁合金,其特征是由以下组分和重量百分比组成:Zn 5.0~6.0%、Zr 0.3~0.9%和Bi 0.2~1.1%,余量为Mg。
2.根据权利要求1所述的变形镁合金,其特征是由以下组分和重量百分比组成:Zn 6.0%、Zr 0.9%和Bi 0.2%,余量为Mg。
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104294131A (zh) * 2014-09-30 2015-01-21 东北大学 可时效硬化的Mg-Zn-Cr-Bi-Zr合金及其制备方法
CN107201471A (zh) * 2017-07-28 2017-09-26 山东省科学院新材料研究所 一种变形镁合金及其制备方法
EP3656884A4 (en) * 2017-07-18 2020-06-24 National Institute for Materials Science CORROSIVE MAGNESIUM ALLOY PRODUCT AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1596319A (zh) * 2002-03-04 2005-03-16 住友电工钢铁电缆株式会社 镁基合金管及其制造方法
CN102925775A (zh) * 2012-11-26 2013-02-13 郑州大学 一种低变形抗力变形镁合金及其制备方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1596319A (zh) * 2002-03-04 2005-03-16 住友电工钢铁电缆株式会社 镁基合金管及其制造方法
CN102925775A (zh) * 2012-11-26 2013-02-13 郑州大学 一种低变形抗力变形镁合金及其制备方法

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104294131A (zh) * 2014-09-30 2015-01-21 东北大学 可时效硬化的Mg-Zn-Cr-Bi-Zr合金及其制备方法
CN104294131B (zh) * 2014-09-30 2016-08-24 东北大学 可时效硬化的Mg-Zn-Cr-Bi-Zr合金及其制备方法
EP3656884A4 (en) * 2017-07-18 2020-06-24 National Institute for Materials Science CORROSIVE MAGNESIUM ALLOY PRODUCT AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
CN107201471A (zh) * 2017-07-28 2017-09-26 山东省科学院新材料研究所 一种变形镁合金及其制备方法
CN107201471B (zh) * 2017-07-28 2019-03-29 山东省科学院新材料研究所 一种变形镁合金及其制备方法

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