CN104046869B - A kind of preparation method of magnesium Li-Si alloy - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of magnesium Li-Si alloy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of magnesium Li-Si alloy and preparation method thereof, it is mainly by Li 7～9 wt%, Si 0.1～3.0 wt%, Al 1～6 wt%, remaining is Mg and inevitable impurity composition, and magnesium Li-Si alloy also includes RE 1～5 wt% and/or Sr 0.5～2.0 wt%.Ultralight high-strength heat-resistant magnesium alloy involved in the present invention is formed Mg by α phase and β phase composition, the Si of addition2Si and (RExSiy) high-melting-point hard phase, being distributed on α phase, the inside of β phase and interface of disperse, effectively carry heavy alloyed Properties of High Temperature Creep.Preparation method of the present invention, utilizes solvent-free melting method and under conditions of to the processing of the founding materials obtained and heat treatment, Al Sr, Mg Si, the form of Mg Re intermediate alloy is added in magnesium alloy fused mass.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of magnesium alloy material, be specifically related to a kind of magnesium Li-Si alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy is the lightest structural metallic materials of at present application, has high specific strength, a specific stiffness, good heat conduction,
Conductive agent capability of electromagnetic shielding, has broad application prospects in fields such as automobile, household electrical appliances, communication, Aero-Space.Use lithium pair
Magnesium alloy carries out improving while alloying can reduce magnesium alloy density further the plasticity of close-packed hexagonal magnesium alloy.Work as Mg-Li
When in alloy, the content of Li is less than 5.5wt%, it is organized as Li and is solid-solution in Mg lattice formation α-Mg solid solution；Content as Li
When 5.5wt%-11.5wt%, its α-Mg phase mainly comprising phase place hcp structure and the β-Li phase of bcc structure；Content as Li
During higher than 11.5wt%, alloy is then completely by β-Li phase composition.With single phase magnesium alloy phase during duplex structure (α-Mg+ β-Li) alloy
Alloy plasticity is improved than while effectively reducing alloy density.
But owing to the intensity of magnesium lithium alloy is relatively low, aging stability and corrosion-resistant constrain the development of magnesium lithium alloy.
Adding alloying element is the common method improving magnesium lithium alloy performance.Open " a kind of magnesium adding Ag enhancing of CN101403064A
Lithium alloy ", with the addition of Ag, Zn and alloy strengthened, the two-phase magnesium lithium alloy of preparation have higher-strength, excellent plasticity and
Resistance to elevated temperatures, but Ag price is higher, and Ag, Zn density is big, makes the density of alloy increase after addition；CN101121981A is open
" a kind of high-strength magnesium-lithium alloy ", with the addition of Al, Zn, Ce alloy and strengthens, and the α-Mg single phase magnesium lithium alloy of preparation has
Higher-strength, but its Li content is at 7 below wt%, and add a certain amount of Zn, the density reducing effect for alloy is failed to understand
Aobvious, even if Li content is when 5.5 wt%-7 wt%, the α-Mg of close-packed hexagonal structure accounts for the overwhelming majority of alloy phase composition mutually, causes
Make alloy plasticity poor；CN1605650A open " a kind of containing magnesium lithium alloy material and preparation method thereof ", middle addition Al, Zn, Zr,
RE etc., as alloying element, are prepared for having higher-strength and more low-density magnesium lithium alloy, but its Li content is higher than 11wt%,
This will certainly increase the cost of alloy, and causes the drastically decline of alloy corrosion resistance and heat stability.
The Si added in the alloy forms Mg2(RE is formed when Si and Si and RE adds simultaneouslyxSiy) high-melting-point hard phase, more
Dissipate is distributed on α phase, the inside of β phase and interface, effectively carries heavy alloyed intensity, hardness and Properties of High Temperature Creep.By
High in the fusing point of Si, smelting time is long, and Li is oxidized easily, even if Li the most easily distils and reduces alloy under vacuum conditions
The content of middle Li, causes the loss of Li element.The form using Mg-Si intermediate alloy adds Si element to Mg-Li gold melt can
Effectively reduce the temperature being diffused in alloy melt and the dissolution time of Si element.
Although the research of magnesium lithium alloy is done a lot of work by Chinese scholars, but add Si and strengthen magnesium lithium alloy
The document of energy, has not yet to see report.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of keep ultralight high-strength on the basis of, improve alloy aging stability, resistance to height
The a kind of of warm nature energy adds the magnesium lithium alloy that Si strengthens.
The present invention also provides for the preparation method of described magnesium Li-Si alloy.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of magnesium Li-Si alloy, it is characterised in that main component includes: Li 7
～9 wt.%, Si 0.5～3.0 wt.%, Al 1～6 wt.%, remaining is Mg and inevitable impurity.
Further, RE 1～5 wt.% is also included.
Further, Sr 0.5～2.0 wt.% is also included；Wherein, the content of Al is 3-4 times of Sr, forms Al4Sr high temperature
Phase.
The present invention also provides for the preparation method of a kind of magnesium Li-Si alloy, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) weigh raw material by above-mentioned formula, be placed on the most together in the melting kettle of vacuum induction melting furnace；
2) melting is carried out in vacuum induction melting furnace, and raw material seals rapidly vacuum drying oven and is just evacuated in stove after placing
Vacuum state, then pour argon as protective gas, is then heated to 740 ± 10 DEG C of meltings 25～40 minutes, at 690 ± 10 DEG C
It is incubated and carries out for 50～70 minutes；
3) melt after melting casts in metal die, obtains cast alloy；
4) cast alloy obtained by carries out Homogenization Treatments 2～6 hours at 300 ± 10 DEG C, then by homogenization
Alloy after reason carries out extrusion process at 280 ± 10 DEG C, obtains crimp state alloy.
Further, step 2) step be that melting can be carried out, first by electricity before melting in the preferable resistance furnace of sealing property
The full uniformly mixing of resistance stove heating intracavity, the volume ratio being dried are Ar: SF6The hybrid protection gas of=60%:40%, by pure magnesium, Mg-
Si intermediate alloy, Al-Sr intermediate alloy, Mg-RE intermediate alloy are placed in melting kettle, and electric furnace electrified regulation to alloy melts
Change, remove the scum silica frost on alloy liquid level, furnace temperature control is incubated half an hour at about 740 ± 10 DEG C about, fusion process
In be constantly passed through uniformly mixing, the volume ratio that is dried is Ar: SF6The hybrid protection gas of=60%:40%；
The step of step 3) is: takes out pure lithium to be placed in bell jar to be slowly stirred in press-in aluminium alloy rapidly to pure lithium and melts
Change, after refine about 1 hour, melt is cast in metal die at a temperature of 690 ± 10 DEG C, obtain cast alloy；
Finally, at 120～140 DEG C, deforming alloy is carried out the Ageing Treatment of 18～24 hours.
Compared to existing technology, there is advantages that
1, Si is added formation Mg in magnesium lithium alloy by the present invention2Si low-density high-melting-point hard phase, disperse be distributed in α
On phase, the inside of β phase and interface, it is pinned at when alloy stress deformation on alloy α phase, the inside of β phase and interface and effectively reduces
Phase boundary within alloy, the relative slip of crystal boundary, put forward heavy alloyed resistance of deformation and high-temperature stability.Simultaneously Li content 7～
Make alloy be in α+β coexistence region time between 9wt%, and the addition of alloying element makes alloy at the base keeping higher-strength
Somewhat promote the density of alloy on plinth, produce the heat-resistance high-strength magnesium lithium alloy of low cost.
2, preparation method of the present invention, utilizes solvent-free melting method and for the processing of the founding materials obtained and heat
Under conditions of process, Al-Sr, Mg-Si, Mg-Re are added in magnesium alloy fused mass with the form of intermediate alloy, there is interpolation
The uniform feature of Elemental redistribution.The present invention utilizes the advantage of the alloy cast ingot that solvent-free melting technique produces to be to prevent metal molten
Obtain while oxidation during refining and organize pure ingot casting, get rid of impurity element and solvent itself that flux smelting process may sandwich
Divide with metal bath from the most thorough.
3, using the Novel magnesium Li-Si alloy that the inventive method is made, its mechanical performance is: under room temperature, tensile strength is 250
～290MPa, yield strength: 180～235MPa, elongation percentage is: 10～23%, and density is 1.40～1.60g/cm3；At 150 DEG C
Under, tensile strength: 118～150 MPa, yield strength: 83～103MPa, elongation percentage is: 20～40%.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention and effect, the present invention is further detailed explanation.Alloy of the present invention is by pure
Magnesium, pure lithium, fine aluminium, magnesium silicon intermediate alloy melting form, and its purity is all more than 99.9%.Described Re element is with in Mg-Re
Between alloy form add.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of magnesium Li-Si alloy, its composition and percentage by weight be: Li:8%, Al:3%, Si:1%, surplus is Mg.Use
Following method is prepared from:
1) melting is carried out in vacuum induction melting furnace.First various raw materials are sealed the most fast in a vacuum furnace before melting
Speed will be evacuated to vacuum state in stove, then pours protective gas argon, and then melting 30 minutes at a temperature of 740 ± 10 DEG C, 690
± 10 DEG C are incubated 1 hour, and whole fusion process is under argon shield state；Melt after melting casts in metal die,
To cast alloy.
2) cast alloy obtained by carries out Homogenization Treatments 2～4 hours at 300 ± 10 DEG C, then by homogenization
Alloy after reason carries out extrusion process at 280 ± 10 DEG C, obtains crimp state alloy.
The alloy of deformation states carries out Mechanics Performance Testing on electronic universal tester, has Archimedes method beta alloy
Density.
At room temperature, tensile strength is the magnesium lithium alloy of gained: 251 MPa, yield strength 195 MPa, and elongation percentage is:
13%, density is 1.43 g/cm3, at 150 DEG C, tensile strength is: 118 MPa, and yield strength is: 88 MPa, elongation percentage: 34%.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of magnesium Li-Si alloy, its composition and percentage by weight: Li:8%, Al:3%, Si:1.5%, surplus is Mg.Use
Following method is prepared from:
1) melting is carried out in vacuum induction melting furnace.First various raw materials are sealed the most fast in a vacuum furnace before melting
Speed will be evacuated to vacuum state in stove, then pours protective gas argon, and then melting 30 minutes at a temperature of 740 ± 10 DEG C, 690
± 10 DEG C are incubated 1 hour, and whole fusion process is under argon shield state；Melt after melting casts in metal die,
To cast alloy.
2) cast alloy obtained by carries out Homogenization Treatments 2～4 hours at 300 ± 10 DEG C, then by homogenization
Alloy after reason carries out extrusion process at 280 ± 10 DEG C, obtains deformation states alloy.
The alloy of deformation states carries out Mechanics Performance Testing on electronic universal tester, has Archimedes method beta alloy
Density.
At room temperature, tensile strength is the magnesium lithium alloy of gained: 260 MPa, yield strength 203 MPa, and elongation percentage is:
12.1%, density is 1.45 g/cm3, at 150 DEG C, tensile strength is: 123 MPa, and yield strength is: 93 MPa, elongation percentage:
24%。
Embodiment 3:
A kind of magnesium Li-Si alloy, its composition and percentage by weight: Li:8%, Al:3%, Si:1.0%, Y:1%, surplus is
Mg.Adopt and be prepared from the following method:
1) melting is carried out in vacuum induction melting furnace.First various raw materials are sealed the most fast in a vacuum furnace before melting
Speed will be evacuated to vacuum state in stove, then pours protective gas argon, and then melting 30 minutes at a temperature of 740 ± 10 DEG C, 690
± 10 DEG C are incubated 1 hour, and whole fusion process is under argon shield state；Melt after melting casts in metal die,
To cast alloy.
2) cast alloy obtained by carries out Homogenization Treatments 2～4 hours at 300 ± 10 DEG C, then by homogenization
Alloy after reason carries out extrusion process at 280 ± 10 DEG C, obtains deformation states alloy.
The alloy of deformation states carries out Mechanics Performance Testing on electronic universal tester, has Archimedes method beta alloy
Density.
At room temperature, tensile strength is the magnesium lithium alloy of gained: 268 MPa, yield strength 212 MPa, and elongation percentage is:
14%, density is 1.49 g/cm3, at 150 DEG C, tensile strength is: 120 MPa, and yield strength is: 95 MPa, elongation percentage:
28%。
Embodiment 4:
A kind of magnesium Li-Si alloy, its composition and percentage by weight: Li:8%, Al:3%, Si:1.0%, Sr:0.8%, surplus
For Mg.Adopt and be prepared from the following method:
1) melting is carried out in vacuum induction melting furnace.First various raw materials are sealed the most fast in a vacuum furnace before melting
Speed will be evacuated to vacuum state in stove, then pours protective gas argon, and then melting 30 minutes at a temperature of 740 ± 10 DEG C, 690
± 10 DEG C are incubated 1 hour, and whole fusion process is under argon shield state；Melt after melting casts in metal die,
To cast alloy.
2) cast alloy obtained by carries out Homogenization Treatments 2～4 hours at 300 ± 10 DEG C, then by homogenization
Alloy after reason carries out extrusion process at 280 ± 10 DEG C, obtains deformation states alloy.
The alloy of deformation states carries out Mechanics Performance Testing on electronic universal tester, has Archimedes method beta alloy
Density.
At room temperature, tensile strength is the magnesium lithium alloy of gained: 276 MPa, yield strength 221 MPa, and elongation percentage is:
11.7%, density is 1.47 g/cm3, at 150 DEG C, tensile strength is: 127 MPa, and yield strength is: 97 MPa, elongation percentage:
25%。
Embodiment 5:
A kind of magnesium Li-Si alloy, its composition and percentage by weight: Li:8%, Al:3%, Si:1.0%, Sr:0.6%, Y:
1%, surplus is Mg.Adopt and be prepared from the following method:
1) melting is carried out in vacuum induction melting furnace.First various raw materials are sealed the most fast in a vacuum furnace before melting
Speed will be evacuated to vacuum state in stove, then pours protective gas argon, and then melting 30 minutes at a temperature of 740 ± 10 DEG C, 690
± 10 DEG C are incubated 1 hour, and whole fusion process is under argon shield state；Melt after melting casts in metal die,
To cast alloy.
2) cast alloy obtained by carries out Homogenization Treatments 2～4 hours at 300 ± 10 DEG C, then by homogenization
Alloy after reason carries out extrusion process at 280 ± 10 DEG C, obtains deformation states alloy.
The alloy of deformation states carries out Mechanics Performance Testing on electronic universal tester, has Archimedes method beta alloy
Density.
At room temperature, tensile strength is the magnesium lithium alloy of gained: 287 MPa, yield strength 226 MPa, and elongation percentage is:
13%, density is 1.49 g/cm3, at 150 DEG C, tensile strength is: 131 MPa, and yield strength is: 98 MPa, elongation percentage: 27%.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of magnesium Li-Si alloy, its composition and percentage by weight: Li:7%, Al:6%, Si:2.0%, Sr:1.5%, Y:
1%, surplus is Mg.Adopt and be prepared from the following method:
1) melting is carried out in vacuum induction melting furnace.First various raw materials are sealed the most fast in a vacuum furnace before melting
Speed will be evacuated to vacuum state in stove, then pours protective gas argon, and then melting 30 minutes at a temperature of 740 ± 10 DEG C, 690
± 10 DEG C are incubated 1 hour, and whole fusion process is under argon shield state；Melt after melting casts in metal die,
To cast alloy.
2) cast alloy obtained by carries out Homogenization Treatments 2～4 hours at 300 ± 10 DEG C, then by homogenization
Alloy after reason carries out extrusion process at 280 ± 10 DEG C, obtains deformation states alloy.
The alloy of deformation states carries out Mechanics Performance Testing on electronic universal tester, has Archimedes method beta alloy
Density.
At room temperature, tensile strength is the magnesium lithium alloy of gained: 290 MPa, yield strength 231 MPa, and elongation percentage is:
11.3%, density is 1.59 g/cm3, at 150 DEG C, tensile strength is: 137 MPa, and yield strength is: 100 MPa, elongation percentage:
25%。
Embodiment 7:
A kind of magnesium Li-Si alloy, its composition and percentage by weight: Li:9%, Al:4%, Si:3.0%, Sr:0.6%, Y:
4%, surplus is Mg.Adopt and be prepared from the following method:
1) melting is carried out in vacuum induction melting furnace.First various raw materials are sealed the most fast in a vacuum furnace before melting
Speed will be evacuated to vacuum state in stove, then pours protective gas argon, and then melting 30 minutes at a temperature of 740 ± 10 DEG C, 690
± 10 DEG C are incubated 1 hour, and whole fusion process is under argon shield state；Melt after melting casts in metal die,
To cast alloy.
2) cast alloy obtained by carries out Homogenization Treatments 2～4 hours at 300 ± 10 DEG C, then by homogenization
Alloy after reason carries out extrusion process at 280 ± 10 DEG C, obtains deformation states alloy.
The alloy of deformation states carries out Mechanics Performance Testing on electronic universal tester, has Archimedes method beta alloy
Density.
At room temperature, tensile strength is the magnesium lithium alloy of gained: 279 MPa, yield strength 228 MPa, and elongation percentage is:
11.5%, density is 1.58 g/cm3, at 150 DEG C, tensile strength is: 150 MPa, and yield strength is: 103MPa, elongation percentage:
23.8%。
Embodiment 8:
A kind of magnesium Li-Si alloy, its composition and percentage by weight: Li:9%, Al:2%, Si:1.2%, Sr:0.6%, Y:
1%, surplus is Mg.Adopt and be prepared from the following method:
1) melting is carried out in vacuum induction melting furnace.First various raw materials are sealed the most fast in a vacuum furnace before melting
Speed will be evacuated to vacuum state in stove, then pours protective gas argon, and then melting 30 minutes at a temperature of 740 ± 10 DEG C, 690
± 10 DEG C are incubated 1 hour, and whole fusion process is under argon shield state；Melt after melting casts in metal die,
To cast alloy.
2) cast alloy obtained by carries out Homogenization Treatments 2～4 hours at 300 ± 10 DEG C, then by homogenization
Alloy after reason carries out extrusion process at 280 ± 10 DEG C, obtains deformation states alloy.
The alloy of deformation states carries out Mechanics Performance Testing on electronic universal tester, has Archimedes method beta alloy
Density.
At room temperature, tensile strength is the magnesium lithium alloy of gained: 266 MPa, yield strength 211 MPa, and elongation percentage is:
14.3%, density is 1.41 g/cm3, at 150 DEG C, tensile strength is: 141 MPa, and yield strength is: 98 MPa, elongation percentage:
27%。
Embodiment 9:
A kind of magnesium Li-Si alloy, its composition and percentage by weight: Li:8%, Al:3%, Si:0.8%, Sr:1%, Y:1%,
Surplus is Mg.Adopt and be prepared from the following method:
1) melting is carried out in the preferable resistance furnace of sealing property, resistance furnace first heats before melting intracavity and is full of the most mixed
The volume ratio close, being dried is Ar: SF6The hybrid protection gas of=60%:40%, by load weighted pure magnesium, Mg-Si intermediate alloy, Al-
Sr intermediate alloy, Mg-RE intermediate alloy are placed in melting kettle, electric furnace electrified regulation to alloy melting, remove alloy liquid level
On scum silica frost, furnace temperature control is incubated 1 hour at about 740 ± 10 DEG C, fusion process is constantly passed through uniformly mixing, dry
Dry volume ratio is Ar: SF6The hybrid protection gas of=60%:40%；
2) take out pure lithium to be placed in bell jar rapidly press-in aluminium alloy to be slowly stirred to pure lithium and melt, 690 ± 10
At a temperature of DEG C, melt is cast in metal die after half an hour by refine, obtains cast alloy；
3) at 320 ± 10 DEG C, cast alloy is carried out 2～4 hours Homogenization Treatments, make cast alloy form blank；
4) carry out 1～2 hour blank preheating at 280 ± 10 DEG C；And blank is carried out extrusion process, thus
Form crimp alloy；
5) at 120 ~ 140 DEG C, deforming alloy is carried out the Ageing Treatment of 18～24 hours.
The alloy of deformation states carries out Mechanics Performance Testing on electronic universal tester, has Archimedes method beta alloy
Density.
At room temperature, tensile strength is the magnesium lithium alloy of gained: 268 MPa, yield strength 197 MPa, and elongation percentage is:
10.8%, density is 1.49 g/cm3, at 150 DEG C, tensile strength is: 128 MPa, and yield strength is: 83 MPa, elongation percentage:
27%。
As can be seen from Table 1, at ambient temperature, tensile strength is big for this magnesium alloy materials for specific embodiment and test effect
In 200MPa, yield strength is more than 180MPa, and elongation percentage is more than 10%.Magnesium alloy of the present invention is ultralight high-strength magnesium alloy.Can use
Lightweight structural material as electronic product, Aero-Space, automobile etc..
Finally illustrating, above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, although with reference to relatively
The present invention has been described in detail by good embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the skill of the present invention
Art scheme is modified or equivalent, and without deviating from objective and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be contained at this
In the middle of the right of invention.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of a magnesium Li-Si alloy, it is characterised in that employing following steps:
1) pressing formula and prepare raw material, melting is carried out in vacuum induction melting furnace；First various raw materials are sealed in very before melting
Rapidly vacuum state in stove, will be evacuated to, then pour protective gas argon, then melting at a temperature of 740 ± 10 DEG C after in empty stove
30 minutes, being incubated 1 hour at 690 ± 10 DEG C, whole fusion process is under argon shield state；Melt after melting casts in gold
Belong in mould, obtain cast alloy；
Wherein the weight ratio of formula is: Li:8%, Al:3%, Si:1.0%, Sr:0.6%, Y:1%, and surplus is Mg；
2) cast alloy obtained by carries out Homogenization Treatments 2～4 hours at 300 ± 10 DEG C, then by after Homogenization Treatments
Alloy carry out extrusion process at 280 ± 10 DEG C, obtain deformation states alloy；
The alloy of deformation states carries out Mechanics Performance Testing on electronic universal tester, has the close of Archimedes method beta alloy
Degree；
The addition of element silicon is to add with the form of Mg-8～15 wt% Si intermediate alloys.
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| CN105950927B (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2018-04-10 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of activeness and quietness type magnesium lithium alloy |
| CN110964959A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-07 | 佛山科学技术学院 | High-strength magnesium-lithium alloy |
| CN114752832B (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2023-03-03 | 郑州轻研合金科技有限公司 | High-strength low-notch sensitivity magnesium-lithium alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115011851A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-06 | 西安四方超轻材料有限公司 | Magnesium-lithium alloy suitable for die casting and preparation method thereof |
| CN115584419B (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-10-03 | 郑州轻研合金科技有限公司 | Heat-resistant biphase magnesium-lithium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN115786751B (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2024-01-19 | 重庆天齐锂业有限责任公司 | Smelting method of lithium-magnesium-silicon alloy |
| CN116287917A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-06-23 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Light high-strength and high-toughness extruded Mg-Li-Al-TiB alloy and preparation method thereof |
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