CN104043773A - Preparation of easily-demoulded ceramic-mould, application method and cast copper-alloy casting - Google Patents
Preparation of easily-demoulded ceramic-mould, application method and cast copper-alloy casting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to preparation of an easily-demoulded ceramic-mould, an application method and a cast copper-alloy casting. The method for preparing the easily-demoulded ceramic-mould comprises the following step: a ceramic crude blank is processed by a high-speed engraving machine to form a ceramic-mould, and an inner structural core is provided to be corresponding to the ceramic-mould so as to form a cavity. The ceramic-mould contains a first mould and a second mould. The first mould contains at least two mould-closing locating pieces and an air discharge duct with the duct depth being not more than 1mm. the second mould contains mould-closing locating grooves coupled with the mould-closing locating pieces and is used for mould-closing with the first mould so as to define a hollow cavity with the edge thickness being no less than 25mm. The ceramic-mould also contains a pouring gate with draft being no less than 2 degrees. According to the invention, defects of present metal mold casting and sand casting are overcome. The easily-demoulded ceramic-mould has good thermal fatigue strength. Consumption of materials is minimized. Production cost is reduced. The processed ceramic-mould has a smooth surface, is easy to demould, and is very practical.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of ceramic-mould and the copper-alloy casting of application ceramic-mould casting for the copper-alloy casting of casting.
Background technology
At present in the first-class bathroom hardware industry of the fire hose, mainly utilize permanent mold casting (metal mold casting) and sand casting (sand mold casting) technology to produce the bathroom hardware foundry goods such as tap, these two kinds of foundry engieerings all exist that consumptive material is many, high in cost of production defect.
Metal mold (metal mold) is by heating resisting metal material be made (as: steel, red copper, red metal etc.), expensive, and the Mould Machining cycle is long, tool wear and cutter reparation are often in process, mold materials recycles lower, therefore use metal type dies producing cost too high, in addition the heat conduction of permanent mold casting fast, without deformability and without gas permeability, therefore make foundry goods easily occur cold shut and water less than defects such as, crackle, pores; At present bathroom hardware is generally with brass, low lead bronze or make without alloyed copper such as lead bronzes, because metal type dies heat conductivility is strong, in the time that alloyed copper liquation injects metal die running channel, carry out rapidly heat transmission, alloyed copper melt temperature is significantly declined and cause the mobility of alloyed copper liquation slack-off, in order to make complete product and to improve yields, with the foundry engieering of current bathroom hardware industry, the wall thickness of product is generally at 2.8 mm to 3 mm, and consumptive material is many, and cost is higher.
Sand mold (sand mold casting) is a kind of using sand as main Modeling Material, makes the conventional cast technique of casting mold.But each chiltern casting mold can only be poured into a mould once, after acquisition foundry goods, casting mold damages, moulding again, and therefore the production efficiency of sand casting is lower; Soft and the porous of the bulk property of sand, rigidity is not high, and therefore the casting dimension accuracy of sand casting is lower, and surface is also more coarse; The foundry goods of sand casting is easy to produce the defects such as sand washing, burning into sand, pore; Sand casting occupied ground is large, and production efficiency is low, and dust is large.
In view of the deficiency of above foundry engieering, bathroom hardware industry faces again the metal material rise in price such as a small amount of various production, copper (material cost such as alloyed copper accounts for business capital more than 60%), cost of labor promotes etc. day by day, therefore, enhance productivity, reduce consumptive material, reduce production costs, become the problem that bathroom hardware industry has to face.
Summary of the invention
A main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of easy-to-release ceramic casting mold, overcome the defect of metal current mold casting and sand casting, there is good thermal fatigue resistance intensity and low processing cost, the ceramic-mould after processing, the easy demoulding of smooth surface, is very suitable for practicality.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems realizes by the following technical solutions.The preparation method of the easy-to-release ceramic casting mold proposing according to the present invention, comprises following steps:
The thick embryo of pottery is provided and with High speed sculpture machined, forms ceramic-mould, and an internal structure core is provided, location corresponding to ceramic-mould forms the die cavity that is matched with a foundry goods.Wherein ceramic-mould comprises the first casting mold and the second casting mold, the first casting mold comprises the air discharge duct that at least two matched moulds locating pieces and at least one groove depth are not more than 1 mm, the second casting mold comprises at least two matched moulds locating slots that are coupled in described matched moulds locating slot, in order to the first casting mold matched moulds to define hollow molded cavity, the edge thickness that wherein defines hollow molded cavity is not less than 25 mm; Ceramic-mould also comprises casting gate, its draw taper is not less than 2 degree, casting gate bore system is benchmark according to the casting gate bore of a metal mold, one bore that is relatively greater than this metal mold casting gate 10% to 30% is provided, wherein this metal mold is to have the metal mold cavity identical with this hollow molded cavity shape, can water the foundry goods person who casts out same shape.
For achieving the above object, the casting gate of easy-to-release ceramic casting mold is circular arc.
For achieving the above object, by the edge chamfer of described ceramic-mould.
For achieving the above object, described internal structure core is core, and wherein core is that curing agent and resin sand or curing agent and quartz sand are made.
For achieving the above object, by least a portion coating releasing agent of described internal structure core.
Another main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of preparing copper-alloy casting, overcome the defect of metal current mold casting and sand casting, the wall thickness of foundry goods can be dropped to 1.8-2.5 mm, thereby reduce the consumption of casting material, be very suitable for practicality.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems realizes by the following technical solutions.The method of preparing copper-alloy casting proposing according to the present invention, is characterized in that using aforesaid easy-to-release ceramic casting mold, makes the copper-alloy casting of wall thickness 1.8-2.5 mm by following steps:
(a) to die joint surface sprinkling one deck releasing agent of hollow molded cavity and the first casting mold and the second casting mold;
(b) by the first casting mold and the second casting mold and internal structure core location matched moulds, composition ceramic-mould;
(c) preheated ceramic casting mold, temperature is controlled at 200 to 300 degrees Celsius;
(d) a melting copper water is rotated and is cast in ceramic-mould, form a foundry goods;
(e) application lever principle is by the foundry goods demoulding; And
(f) foundry goods is carried out to rear processing processing.
For achieving the above object, the temperature of described melting copper water is controlled at 1000 to 1200 degrees Celsius, is controlled at 10 to 15 seconds the duration of pouring.
For achieving the above object, the time of the described foundry goods demoulding is for being poured after 10 to 15 seconds.
Another main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of copper-alloy casting, and wall thickness is 1.8-2.5 mm, is preferably 2.0 mm, and the wall thickness that has overcome current foundry goods approximately needs the restriction of 2.8-3 mm, is very suitable for practicality.
By technique scheme, the present invention at least has following advantages and beneficial effect:
The first, ceramic-mould of the present invention is to be made up of pottery refractory material, and gas permeability, deformability are good, can improve the casting difficult point occurring in metal current mold casting, as cracking, stress concentrate etc. problem, ceramic-mould has good thermal fatigue resistance intensity in addition, can repeatedly use;
The second, ceramic-mould thermal conductivity of the present invention is lower, and in casting cycle, the heat of the metal material liquation such as alloyed copper can not run off rapidly, can reduce casting section thickness to 1.8-2.5 mm, reduces consumables cost;
The 3rd, ceramic-mould of the present invention is selected High speed sculpture machined, can make ceramic-mould smooth surface, the easily demoulding, and effect is better than the ceramic-mould of CNC Digit Control Machine Tool processing;
The 4th, the material of ceramic-mould is cheap, the process-cycle is short, in process the low and cutter of tool wear rate to repair number of times few, therefore, Mould Machining is with low cost.Compared with metal mold, the expense of ceramic-mould is lower, applicable to production in enormous quantities, and also can be for a small amount of various production.
In sum, the present invention prepares defect that the method for ceramic-mould and alloy-steel casting thereof overcome current casting mold casting, has reduced the consumption of material, and has reduced production cost.
Above-mentioned explanation is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand technological means of the present invention, and can be implemented according to the content of description, and for above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, below especially exemplified by preferred embodiment, and coordinate accompanying drawing, be described in detail as follows.
Brief description of the drawings
Figure 1A is the stereogram of the ceramic-mould of one embodiment of the invention;
Figure 1B is the stereogram of the first casting mold shown in Figure 1A;
Fig. 1 C is the stereogram of the second casting mold shown in Figure 1A;
Fig. 1 D is the sectional perspective exploded view of the second casting mold shown in Fig. 1 C;
Fig. 2 is the casting result photo of comparative example 1 and test example 1;
Fig. 3 is the casting result photo of test example 2 and comparative example 2;
Fig. 4 is the casting result photo of test example 3 and comparative example 3;
Fig. 5 is that test example 4 adds part result photo with the casting machine of comparative example 4.
Detailed description of the invention
Technological means and effect of taking for reaching predetermined goal of the invention for further setting forth the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and particular specific embodiment explanation embodiments of the present invention, the personage who has the knack of this skill can understand other advantage of the present invention and effect by content disclosed in the present specification.
In this description, described " ceramic-mould " (ceramic mold) refers to fire with ceramic material the casting mold forming.By the method that ceramic size is filled in template or in core box, sclerosis, molding, sintering form the thick embryo of pottery, be called " the thick embryo preparation of ceramic-mould " (ceramic molding).The casting method of pouring cast part in ceramic-mould, is called " ceramic-mould casting " (ceramic mold casting).
Below, will elaborate the present invention with exemplary embodiments.
The ceramic-mould of the embodiment of the present invention is to be used in casting motlten metal (for example copper water), must have the ability of high temperature resistant cold and hot acute degeneration, and the mud prescription of general production health porcelain cannot meet this condition.Therefore need the formula of high-temperature flame-proof.Therefore composition of raw materials is selected according to the composition of refractory material, and for example comprising mineral composition is the high-temperature refractory calcined kaolin of mullite crystalline phase, and its cold-hot shock property is strong, can improve the thermal deformation resistant ability of base substrate.Plasticizer is to improve the ball clay of heat resistance and the burning talcum as magnesium source.In addition also comprise and can improve high-temperature liquid-phase viscosity while burning till, reduce product deformation and the raw material such as quartz sand that improves product strength.
The ceramic-mould of embodiment, comprises internal structure core and ceramic-mould die cavity, ceramic-mould die cavity location corresponding with internal structure core and form the die cavity that is matched with foundry goods body shape.
Ceramic-mould processing and the copper alloy casting method of embodiment, comprise the following steps:
(1) ceramic-mould pocket machining: install the refractory slab of being made by pottery refractory material on Mould Machining lathe, adjust Mould Machining parameter according to the structure size of foundry goods external form, with High speed sculpture machined shaping ceramic-mould die cavity simultaneously.
With reference to Figure 1A to Fig. 1 C, the stereogram of the ceramic-mould that Figure 1A is one embodiment of the invention; Figure 1B is the stereogram of the first casting mold shown in Figure 1A; Fig. 1 C is the stereogram of the second casting mold shown in Figure 1A.Ceramic-mould 100 comprises the first casting mold 110 and the second casting mold 120.
As shown in Figure 1A, casting gate 130 is circular arc at the present embodiment, according to embodiments of the invention, the draw taper of casting gate 130 should be not less than 2 degree, and casting gate 130 should strengthen 10 to 30% than common metal casting mold casting gate, for example, the length of common metal casting mold casting gate is about 2.5-6 mm, width is at 6-12 mm, and the length of casting gate 130 of the present invention is about 2.75-7.8 mm, and width is at 6.6-15.6 mm.According to embodiments of the invention, casting gate 130 is strengthened to 10 to 30% and can make finished product flow better, be easy to moulding, improve yields, if casting gate hour, finished product end cob webbing easily occurs, lack material or distortion etc.; And if casting gate is excessive, cut casting gate be difficult for and the loss of copper material large.
As shown in Figure 1B, the first casting mold 110 comprises matched moulds locating piece 112a, the matched moulds locating piece 112b and air discharge duct 114a, the air discharge duct 114b that extend along X, Y-axis line parallel respectively.Coordinate with reference to Figure 1A, shown in when the first casting mold 110 and the second casting mold 120 matched moulds, air discharge duct 114a, air discharge duct 114b can form at avris place an opening, the height gap size of described opening is about 0.8 mm to 1 mm, in other words, the groove depth size of air discharge duct 114a, air discharge duct 114b is about 0.8 mm to 1 mm.According to embodiments of the invention, if being greater than 1 mm, air discharge duct 114a, 114b can easily produce large burr or copper alloy solution outflow die face, cause die face operation or make to make edge and easily burst apart.
As shown in Figure 1 C, the second casting mold 120 comprises the matched moulds locating slot 122a, the matched moulds locating slot 122b that are coupled in matched moulds locating piece 112a, matched moulds locating piece 112b and extend along X, Y-axis line parallel equally respectively, the second casting mold 120 and the first casting mold 110 matched moulds can define hollow molded cavity, and the edge thickness that wherein defines hollow molded cavity is not less than 25 mm.In the time that the edge thickness of die cavity is less than 25 mm, easily cause ceramic-mould to burst apart.According to embodiments of the invention, the die face edge chamfer of ceramic-mould can be contributed to the demoulding.
As shown in Fig. 1 D, the first casting mold 110 is respectively concaved with a square groove 127 with the second casting mold 120 at relative casting gate 130 places, can locate respectively a square shape running channel core 128, and form this casting gate 130 by this running channel core 128, certainly, can also mold the outer sprue 129a and the interior sprue 129b that are connected, to be communicated with this hollow molded cavity.Because casting gate 130 must bear higher cast temperature, therefore relatively easily damaged, life-span is shorter, so utilization is located running channel core 128 and is formed casting gate 130, outer sprue 129a and interior sprue 129b on the first casting mold 110 and the second casting mold 120, just can see through and change separately casting core 128, to extend the service life of ceramic-mould 100.
(2) internal structure core production: install internal structure core mold on core machine, adjust coremaking parameter according to the structure size of foundry goods and produce internal structure core simultaneously.As shown in Figure 1 C, internal structure core 200 is core, can be located in the hollow molded cavity being become with the first casting mold 110 compound modules by the second casting mold 120.Core can be made for curing agent and resin sand or curing agent and quartz sand.According to embodiments of the invention, in order to contribute to the demoulding, embed release materials at least a portion of internal structure core, as graphite.
(3) to hollow molded cavity surface 115,125 and die joint surface 116,126 spray one deck releasing agents, in the present embodiment, releasing agent is graphite water.
(4) matched moulds: the hollow molded cavity location corresponding to internal structure core 200 that the first casting mold 110 and the second casting mold 120 are formed and form the die cavity that is matched with foundry goods body shape.
(5) preheating: ceramic-mould is placed on to preheating 10-20 on heater and divides bell, the ceramic-mould die cavity temperature after preheating is controlled at 200-300 degree Celsius.
(6) casting: be placed on after matched moulds on casting machine and rotate casting, copper alloy cast temperature is controlled at 1050 to 1150 ± 50 degrees Celsius, and casting time is controlled at 10-15 second.
(7) demoulding: take out from ceramic-mould die cavity after foundry goods 10-15 second after casting (or 30-50 second), demould time is to decide according to casting pressing port with compared with the situation of solidifying of thickness portion.
Test example 1:
Fig. 2 is the casting result photo of comparative example 1 and test example 1, and Fig. 2 (a) part is the casting result (comparative example 1) of traditional gravitational casting mode; (b) part is ceramic-mould casting result of the present invention (test example 1).Its measured data is shown in table 1.
Table 1, comparative example 1 are cast result actual measurement with test example 1
| Wall thickness (mm) | Finished product actual measurement substance (g) | |
| Comparative example 1 | 3 | 340.2 |
| Test example 1 | 2 | 310.1 |
| Difference | 1 | 30.1 |
Learn from the measured result of table 1: the wall thickness that (a) part obtains in traditional sand casting mode is about 3 mm, and (b), wall thickness that the ceramic-mould cast article made with preparation method of the present invention of part obtains is about 2 mm, finished product actual measurement substance alleviates approximately 30.1 g, effectively reduces foundry goods consumptive material use amount.
Test example 2:
Fig. 3 is the casting result photo of test example 2 and comparative example 2, and Fig. 3 (a) part is ceramic-mould casting result of the present invention (test example 2); (b) part is the casting result (comparative example 2) in traditional gravitational casting mode.Its measured data is shown in table 2.
Learn from the measured result of following table 2: the foundry goods that comparative example 2 obtains in traditional gravitational casting mode, upper surface wall thickness, side wall thickness, bottom surface wall thickness are respectively 3.2 mm, 4.0 mm, 3 mm, and foundry goods upper surface wall thickness, side wall thickness, the bottom surface wall thickness of the ceramic-mould that test example 2 is made with preparation method of the present invention casting are respectively 3.2 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.5 mm, the average net weight of finished product reduces by 103.34 g, effectively reduces foundry goods consumptive material use amount.
Table 2, comparative example 2 are cast result actual measurement with test example 2
Test example 3:
Fig. 4 is the casting result photo of test example 3 and comparative example 3, and Fig. 4 (a) part is ceramic-mould casting result of the present invention (test example 3); (b) part is the casting result (comparative example 3) in traditional gravitational casting mode.Its measured data is shown in table 3.
Table 3, comparative example 3 are cast result actual measurement with test example 3
| Wall thickness (mm) | The average net weight of finished product (g) | |
| Comparative example 3 | 3.1 | 576 |
| Test example 3 | 2.5 | 413 |
| Difference | 0.6 | 163 |
Learn from the measured result of table 3: the casting section thickness that (a) part obtains in traditional gravitational casting mode is 3.1 mm, and (b) wall thickness 2.5 mm of the ceramic-mould cast article made with preparation method of the present invention of part, the average net weight of finished product reduces by 163 g, effectively reduces foundry goods consumptive material use amount.
Test example 4:
Fig. 5 is that test example 4 adds part result photo with the casting machine of comparative example 4, and Fig. 5 (a) part adds part result (comparative example 4) for traditional double teeming machine; (b) part adds part result (test example 4) for ceramic-mould machine of the present invention.Its measured data is shown in table 4.
Table 4, comparative example 4 are cast result actual measurement with test example 4
| Wall thickness (mm) | Finished product actual measurement heavy (g) | |
| Comparative example 4 | 3 | 241 |
| Test example 4 | 2.5 | 175.2 |
| Difference | 0.5 | 65.8 |
Learn from the measured result of table 4: (a) to add part wall thickness be 3 mm to traditional gravity machine of part, and (b), the ceramic-mould machine made with preparation method of the present invention of part adds wall thickness 2.5 mm of part, finished product actual measurement reduces by 65.8 g, effectively reduces foundry goods consumptive material use amount.
Known according to the above results, Ceramics fire resistant materials of the present invention is made mould, and selects especially High speed sculpture machined moulding ceramic-mould, makes the easy demoulding of ceramic-mould smooth surface.Its gas permeability of ceramic-mould, deformability are good, can improve the casting difficult point occurring in metal current mold casting, the problem such as concentrate as cracking, stress, have more good thermal fatigue resistance intensity, can repeatedly use.Moreover because the thermal conductivity of ceramic-mould die cavity is lower, in casting cycle, can not run off rapidly with the heat of the metal material liquation such as golden copper, can reduce the wall thickness of foundry goods, reduce consumables cost.Because the material of ceramic-mould is cheap, the process-cycle is short, in process, to repair number of times few for the low and cutter of tool wear rate, and therefore Mould Machining is with low cost, applicable to production in enormous quantities, and also can be for a small amount of various production.
The above, it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not the present invention is done to any pro forma restriction, although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but not in order to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, do not departing within the scope of technical solution of the present invention, when can utilizing the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to do a little change or being modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, in every case be the content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification of above embodiment being done according to technical spirit of the present invention, equivalent variations and modification, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a preparation method for easy-to-release ceramic casting mold, is characterized in that, comprises following steps:
Provide a pottery thick embryo; With the thick embryo of this pottery of High speed sculpture machined, form a ceramic-mould, comprise:
One first casting mold, comprises at least two matched moulds locating pieces;
One second casting mold, comprises at least two matched moulds locating slots that are coupled in those matched moulds locating pieces, in order to this first casting mold matched moulds to define a hollow molded cavity, the edge thickness that wherein defines this hollow molded cavity is not less than 25 mm;
At least one air discharge duct, is opened in this first casting mold, and the groove depth of this air discharge duct is not more than 1 mm; An and casting gate, wherein the draw taper of this casting gate is not less than 2 degree, the bore system of this casting gate is benchmark according to the casting gate bore of a metal mold, one bore that is relatively greater than this metal mold casting gate 10% to 30% is provided, and wherein this metal mold is to have the metal mold cavity identical with this hollow molded cavity shape; And an internal structure core is provided, location corresponding to this ceramic-mould forms the die cavity that is matched with a foundry goods.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described casting gate is circular arc.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, by the edge chamfer of described ceramic-mould.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described internal structure core is core, and wherein this core is that curing agent and resin sand or quartz sand are made.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, at least a portion of described internal structure core is embedded to release materials.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the first casting mold is respectively concaved with a groove with the second casting mold at relative casting port position, and locate respectively a running channel core, and form this casting gate by this running channel core, and the outer sprue being connected, interior sprue, to be communicated with this die cavity.
7. a method of preparing copper-alloy casting, is characterized in that, right to use requires the easy-to-release ceramic casting mold described in 1, makes the copper-alloy casting of a wall thickness 1.8-2.5 mm by step below:
(a) to this hollow molded cavity surface and die joint surface sprinkling one deck releasing agent respect to one another of this first casting mold and this second casting mold;
(b) by this first casting mold and this second casting mold and this internal structure core location matched moulds, form this ceramic-mould;
(c) this ceramic-mould of preheating, the temperature of this ceramic-mould is controlled at 200 to 300 degrees Celsius;
(d) a melting copper water is rotated and is cast in this ceramic-mould, form a foundry goods;
(e) application lever principle is by this foundry goods demoulding; And
(f) this foundry goods is carried out to rear processing processing.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the temperature of described melting copper water is controlled at 1000 to 1200 degrees Celsius, is controlled at 10 to 15 seconds the duration of pouring.
9. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the time of the described foundry goods demoulding is for being poured latter 10 to 15 seconds.
10. a copper-alloy casting, is characterized in that, right to use requires the method for preparing copper-alloy casting described in 7 to make, and the wall thickness of wherein said copper-alloy casting is 1.8 to 2.5 mm.
11. copper-alloy castings according to claim 10, is characterized in that, the wall thickness of described copper-alloy casting is 2 mm.
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| CN104259393A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-01-07 | 广东伟祥卫浴实业有限公司 | Casting technology for lead-free brass tap |
| CN108620540A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-09 | 泉州联创厨卫有限公司 | A kind of gravity casting apparatus of kirsite tap |
| CN112589072A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-04-02 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | 3D printing sand mold exhaust structure and exhaust method |
| CN116197364A (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-06-02 | 吉林旭辰机械制造有限公司 | High-pressure rising Wen Shaxing casting equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104259393A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-01-07 | 广东伟祥卫浴实业有限公司 | Casting technology for lead-free brass tap |
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| CN116197364A (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-06-02 | 吉林旭辰机械制造有限公司 | High-pressure rising Wen Shaxing casting equipment |
| CN116197364B (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-07-07 | 吉林旭辰机械制造有限公司 | High-pressure rising Wen Shaxing casting equipment |
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Effective date of abandoning: 20180302 |