CN104043402A - Adsorption plate used for soil heavy metal cadmium adsorption and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Adsorption plate used for soil heavy metal cadmium adsorption and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104043402A CN104043402A CN201410190254.4A CN201410190254A CN104043402A CN 104043402 A CN104043402 A CN 104043402A CN 201410190254 A CN201410190254 A CN 201410190254A CN 104043402 A CN104043402 A CN 104043402A
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- peanut shell
- sodium alginate
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Abstract
The invention discloses an adsorption plate used for soil heavy metal cadmium adsorption and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method is as follows: peanut shells are cleaned, dried, crushed into granules to obtain peanut shell particles, sodium alginate and the peanut shell particles are taken in the mass ratio of 2:3, the sodium alginate is added into deionized water to prepare a sodium alginate solution with the mass fraction of 10%, half of the peanut shell particles are evenly spread into a hollow cylinder mold with an inner cavity, then the sodium alginate solution is added into the mold, the rest half of the peanut shell particles are evenly spread on to the sodium alginate solution, and finally the mold is frozen for shaping at the temperature of-20 DEG C, and then is demoulded to prepared the sodium alginate and peanut shell particle adsorption plate. The adsorption plate can effectively absorb and fix heavy metal element cadmium in soil, and the adsorption capacity of heavy metal cadmium in the soil reaches 5mg / g. The soil heavy metal adsorption plate can be widely applied to repair of heavy metal cadmium polluted soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of adsorption plate for soil heavy metal cadmium absorption, belong to pollution ecology recovery technique field.
Background technology
Heavy metal pollution of soil problem becomes the focus of social concerns in recent years.Cause the main cause of heavy metal pollution of soil to have: atmospheric falling dust, sewage discharge, enforcement of agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer etc.The main feature of heavy metal pollution of soil has: generality and popularity, disguise and latency, irreversibility and chronicity.In the face of the heavy metal pollution of soil problem day by day increasing the weight of, there is the pertinent literature report of a large amount of soil remediation technology, mainly comprise biological restoration, physics reparation and three aspects of chemistry reparation.Existing correlation technique, in promotion and implementation process, generally can exist input cost high, may produce the problem such as secondary pollution and repairing efficiency length.Therefore, the novel soil heavy metal ion adsorbent of development and utilization has far reaching significance.
Peanut is abundant and cheap in the output of China various places, and a year yield peanut total amount is produced the nearly 4000kt of peanut shell per year more than reaching 14500kt, account for 28% left and right that peanut is heavy, a large amount of peanut shells is taken as fuel or waste residue discards, and have directly affected the comprehensive utilization value of peanut, cause a kind of wasting of resources.Studies have reported that, peanut shell has a water resisting property, and contains the polyhydric phenols such as catechol, pyrogallic acid and phloroglucin, and because the hydrogen atom in phenolic hydroxyl group is easy and heavy metal ion exchanges, therefore, peanut shell can be applicable to the absorption of heavy metal ion and fixes.And sodium alginate is the macromolecular compound that a kind of hydrophily is strong, there is the features such as stability, dissolubility and security, be widely used in the fields such as food, weaving, pharmacy industry, special chemical constitution makes it be easy to form gel with some bivalent cations or polyvalent cation.Peanut shell is combined with to the fixation that not only can effectively improve heavy metal-polluted soil with sodium alginate, can also turns waste into wealth, improve the comprehensive utilization value of agricultural byproducts.Therefore, researching and developing the soil remediation that novel chemisorption techniques is applied to heavy metal pollution has important practical significance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of preparation method heavy metal in soil cadmium to sodium alginate-peanut shell granular adsorption plate of adsorption capacity, also the corresponding application that provides described adsorption plate to repair at heavy-metal contaminated soil.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of preparation method of the adsorption plate for soil heavy metal cadmium absorption, concrete steps are as follows: peanut shell is cleaned, after oven dry, be ground into graininess, obtain peanut shell granular, be 2:3 feeding by the mass ratio of sodium alginate and peanut shell granular, it is 10% sodium alginate soln that sodium alginate adds deionized water to be made into mass fraction, during being sprinkled into, has in vain in the cylindrical die of inner chamber one semi-homogeneous of peanut shell granular, the side cylinder that described cylindrical die comprises bottom surface and is tightly connected with bottom edge, bottom surface is vertical with side cylinder, bottom surface and side cylinder surround hollow cavity, described mould is evenly arranged the many pillars that are parallel to each other at the bottom interior surface of dies cavity perpendicular to mould baseplane direction, then sodium alginate soln is added to mould, on solution, be evenly sprinkled into remaining half peanut shell granular again, finally by freeze settled at-20 DEG C of temperature mould (cooling 30～60 minutes conventionally), the demoulding, make sodium alginate-peanut shell granular adsorption plate.
In above-mentioned preparation method, peanut shell cleans available washed with de-ionized water, and oven dry can be dried in the drying box of 40～60 DEG C, and the available pulverizer of pulverizing of peanut shell is crossed 40 mesh standard sieves after pulverizing, and obtains peanut shell granular.
In described method, the side cylinder that described cylindrical die comprises bottom surface and is tightly connected with bottom edge, described side cylinder is vertical with bottom surface, bottom surface and side cylinder surround hollow cavity, and described bottom surface can be various shapes, can be circular, square etc., described side cylinder can be cylindric or square tube shape accordingly, the pillar of described mould inside is arranged at the bottom interior surface of dies cavity, and pillar, perpendicular to mould baseplane direction, is parallel to each other with the vertical axis of mould.The shape of described pillar can be also various shapes, as circular, square etc.In mould, the height of all raw materials is not higher than the minimum altitude of pillar, and the height of described pillar is not more than the height of dies cavity conventionally, and preferably pillar height is identical with dies cavity height.The height of dies cavity is preferably less than the planar dimension diameter of mould bottom surface.The Horizontal density variation of described pillar is preferably 1～10/100cm
2.
Further, preferred described cylindrical die is square cylindrical die, comprise bottom surface and side cylinder vertical with bottom surface, that be tightly connected with bottom edge, bottom surface is rectangle, and length is 30cm, width is 20cm, bottom surface and side cylinder surround hollow square inner chamber, and inner chamber height 2cm is uniform-distribution with 9～15 and is parallel to each other and perpendicular to the pillar of basal surface on inner chamber basal surface, pillar diameter is 1～2cm, and column length is 2cm.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the homogenate that peanut shell granular and sodium alginate make is to be all evenly distributed in mold plane, the adsorption plate even thickness making.The upper and lower two-layer of described adsorption plate is that peanut shell granular, intermediate layer are sodium alginate.
The present invention also provides a kind of sodium alginate-peanut shell granular adsorption plate application in heavy metal cadmium in absorption fixing soil that utilizes above-mentioned preparation method to prepare gained, can reach for 5mg/g the maximal absorptive capacity of heavy metal in soil cadmium.
Concrete, the method of described application is, multiple sodium alginate-peanut shell granular adsorption plates are vertically inserted in cadmium pollution soil, sodium alginate-peanut shell granular adsorption plate top is 10～20cm to the vertical range (the laying degree of depth) of soil surface, between adsorption plate, be parallel to each other, perpendicular separation distance between adsorption plate is 10～20cm, and adsorption time is 10～20 days, and the amount of absorption soil heavy metal cadmium ion reaches as high as 5mg/g.After adsorption treatment, absorption has the adsorption plate of heavy metal cadmium from soil, to take out recycling, and the soil after adsorption treatment carries out backfill.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: sodium alginate-peanut shell granular soil heavy metal cadmium adsorption plate of the present invention, manufacture craft is simple, quick, and preparation efficiency is high; Preparing raw material used is sodium alginate, peanut shell, and material is simple and abundant, all harmless to organism, has eco-friendly feature; Sodium alginate-peanut shell granular adsorption plate of preparing gained has obvious suction-operated to heavy metal in soil cadmium, can effectively reduce the toxicity of content and the minimizing heavy metal of heavy metal in soil cadmium.There is good researching value and application prospect in pollution ecology control and reparation field.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 embodiment 1 prepares sodium alginate-peanut shell granular adsorption plate schematic diagram of gained.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, but protection domain not thereby limiting the invention.
1 one kinds of preparation methods for the adsorption plate of soil heavy metal cadmium absorption of embodiment, comprise the following steps:
(1) peanut shell is rinsed well by deionized water, then be placed in the drying box of 40～60 DEG C and dry, finally peanut shell is pulverized and crossed 40 mesh standard sieves obtains peanut shell granular and is divided into impartial two parts with pulverizer, a being sprinkling upon equably in the square cylindrical die that is furnished with pillar, described square cylindrical die comprises that bottom surface is with vertical with bottom surface, the side cylinder being tightly connected with bottom edge, bottom surface is rectangle, length is 30cm, width is 20cm, bottom surface and side cylinder surround hollow square inner chamber, inner chamber height 2cm, on inner chamber basal surface, being uniform-distribution with 15 is parallel to each other, and perpendicular to the pillar of basal surface, pillar diameter is 2cm, column length is 2cm, another part leaves in dry and clean vial,
(2) sodium alginate particle being dissolved in to temperature is, in the deionized water of 20～40 DEG C, to stir and obtain sodium alginate soln, and wherein the mass fraction of sodium alginate is 10%;
(3) sodium alginate soln is joined in the mould sprinkled with peanut shell granular lentamente, and another part of peanut shell granular is sprinkling upon on sodium alginate soln equably, all raw material height are not higher than pillar height, then mould is put into the refrigerator and cooled but 30 minutes of-20 DEG C, freeze settled, finally will be loaded with the sodium alginate demoulding of peanut shell granular, make the upper and lower two-layer sodium alginate-peanut shell granular adsorption plate that is peanut shell granular, intermediate layer and is sodium alginate;
(4) homogenate that peanut shell granular and sodium alginate make is to be all evenly distributed in mould, the adsorption plate even thickness making.Fig. 1 is shown in by gained sodium alginate-peanut shell granular adsorption plate schematic diagram.
2 one kinds of application for the adsorption plate of soil heavy metal cadmium absorption of embodiment, comprise the following steps:
(1) peanut shell is rinsed well by deionized water, then be placed in the drying box of 40～60 DEG C and dry, finally peanut shell is pulverized and crossed 40 mesh standard sieves obtains peanut shell granular and is divided into impartial two parts with pulverizer, portion is sprinkling upon (with embodiment 1) in the square cylindrical die that is furnished with pillar equably, and another part leaves in dry and clean vial;
(2) sodium alginate particle being dissolved in to temperature is, in the deionized water of 20～40 DEG C, to stir and obtain sodium alginate soln, and wherein the mass fraction of sodium alginate is 10%;
(3) sodium alginate soln is joined in the mould sprinkled with peanut shell granular lentamente, and another part of peanut shell granular is sprinkling upon in sodium alginate homogenate equably, all raw material height are not higher than pillar height, then mould is put into the refrigerator and cooled but 30 minutes of-20 DEG C, freeze settled, finally will be loaded with the sodium alginate demoulding of peanut shell granular, make sodium alginate-peanut shell granular adsorption plate;
(4) adsorption plate vertically inserts in cadmium pollution soil, be parallel to each other, perpendicular separation distance between adsorption plate is 10～20cm, laying the degree of depth (adsorption plate top is to the vertical range on ground) is 10cm, adsorption time is 10 days, measure the cadmium content (adopting atomic absorption instrument to detect) in adsorption plate, 10 days time, the adsorbance (unit mass adsorption plate on the content of cadmium) of adsorption plate to heavy metal-polluted soil cadmium ion reaches as high as 5mg/g.After adsorption treatment, absorption has the adsorption plate of heavy metal cadmium from soil, to take out recycling, and the soil after adsorption treatment carries out backfill.
Claims (7)
1. the preparation method for the adsorption plate of soil heavy metal cadmium absorption, it is characterized in that described method is: peanut shell is cleaned, after oven dry, be ground into graininess, obtain peanut shell granular, be 2:3 feeding by the mass ratio of sodium alginate and peanut shell granular, it is 10% sodium alginate soln that sodium alginate adds deionized water to be made into mass fraction, during being sprinkled into, has in vain in the cylindrical die of inner chamber one semi-homogeneous of peanut shell granular, the side cylinder that described cylindrical die comprises bottom surface and is tightly connected with bottom edge, bottom surface is vertical with side cylinder, bottom surface and side cylinder surround hollow cavity, described mould is evenly arranged the many pillars that are parallel to each other at the bottom interior surface of dies cavity perpendicular to mould baseplane direction, then sodium alginate soln is added to mould, on solution, be evenly sprinkled into remaining half peanut shell granular again, finally that mould is freeze settled at-20 DEG C of temperature, the demoulding, make sodium alginate-peanut shell granular adsorption plate.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that described peanut shell, with after washed with de-ionized water, dries in the drying box of 40～60 DEG C, after pulverizing, crosses 40 mesh standard sieves with pulverizer, obtains peanut shell granular.
3. the method for claim 1, the height that the height that it is characterized in that described mould inner pillar is dies cavity, the height of all raw materials is not higher than the height of pillar in mould.
4. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described cylindrical die is square cylindrical die, comprise bottom surface and side cylinder vertical with bottom surface, that be tightly connected with bottom edge, bottom surface is rectangle, and length is 30cm, width is 20cm, bottom surface and side cylinder surround hollow square inner chamber, and inner chamber height 2cm is uniform-distribution with 9～15 and is parallel to each other and perpendicular to the pillar of basal surface on inner chamber basal surface, pillar diameter is 1～2cm, and column length is 2cm.
5. sodium alginate-peanut shell granular adsorption plate that the method as described in one of claim 1～4 makes.
6. sodium alginate-peanut shell granular adsorption plate as claimed in claim 5 application in heavy metal cadmium in absorption fixing soil.
7. application as claimed in claim 6, the method that it is characterized in that described application is: multiple sodium alginate-peanut shell granular adsorption plates are vertically inserted in cadmium pollution soil, sodium alginate-peanut shell granular adsorption plate top is 10～20cm to the vertical range of soil surface, between adsorption plate, be parallel to each other, perpendicular separation distance between adsorption plate is 10～20cm, adsorption time is 10～20 days, after adsorption treatment, absorption has the adsorption plate of heavy metal cadmium from soil, to take out recycling, and the soil after adsorption treatment carries out backfill.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104722269A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-24 | 黄显怀 | Composite heavy-metal curing agent with beer lees and preparation method thereof |
| CN107052034A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-18 | 中国水稻研究所 | A kind of plunger-type heavy metal-polluted soil of suitable pot rice removes device and application |
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| CN101514302A (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2009-08-26 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for comprehensively utilizing peanut shell |
| CN102350308A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2012-02-15 | 南京农业大学 | Biological black carbon treating agent for absorbing and curing cadmium and lead in water body polluted by heavy metals and preparation method thereof |
| JP2013188692A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-26 | Muromachi Chemical Kk | Metal removing sheet |
| CN103332761A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-10-02 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Sudden water pollution accident emergency treatment system |
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2014
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101514302A (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2009-08-26 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for comprehensively utilizing peanut shell |
| CN102350308A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2012-02-15 | 南京农业大学 | Biological black carbon treating agent for absorbing and curing cadmium and lead in water body polluted by heavy metals and preparation method thereof |
| JP2013188692A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-26 | Muromachi Chemical Kk | Metal removing sheet |
| CN103332761A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-10-02 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Sudden water pollution accident emergency treatment system |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104722269A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-24 | 黄显怀 | Composite heavy-metal curing agent with beer lees and preparation method thereof |
| CN107052034A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-18 | 中国水稻研究所 | A kind of plunger-type heavy metal-polluted soil of suitable pot rice removes device and application |
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| CN104043402B (en) | 2016-04-06 |
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