CN104034089A - Direct-fired heat pump process for oilfield produced water - Google Patents
Direct-fired heat pump process for oilfield produced water Download PDFInfo
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- CN104034089A CN104034089A CN201310070773.2A CN201310070773A CN104034089A CN 104034089 A CN104034089 A CN 104034089A CN 201310070773 A CN201310070773 A CN 201310070773A CN 104034089 A CN104034089 A CN 104034089A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a direct-fired heat pump process for oilfield produced water. According to the direct-fired heat pump process for oilfield produced water, the oilfield produced water is conveyed to the tube pass of a produced water low-pressure heat exchange evaporator by a sewage tank at first, and the oilfield produced water enters a produced water drainage pump station pipeline after heat release and cooling; low-pressure clean water exists in the shell path of the produced water low-pressure heat exchange evaporator, enters in the shell pass of a low-pressure absorber after heat absorption and vaporization, and absorbed by strong lithium bromide solution to become dilute lithium bromide solution and release heat, and the dilute lithium bromide solution is pressurized by antiseptic water and conveyed to a direct-fired normal-pressure evaporator; the dilute lithium bromide solution is heated to be boiled in the direct-fired normal-pressure evaporator, the vaporized normal-pressure vapour is conveyed to the shell pass of a normal-pressure condenser through a pipeline, condensed to become water by heat release, and then conveyed to the shell pass of the produced water low-pressure heat exchange evaporator after being depressurized by a throttle valve to be vaporized by heat absorption. According to the direct-fired heat pump process for oilfield produced water disclosed by the invention, the low-grade heat energy of the produced water can be effectively utilized, thus reducing exhaust emission; antiseptic and antiscale problems in oilfield produced water heat energy applications are further thoroughly solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technique of end grade heat energy utilization, the specifically direct-fired heat pump technology of a kind of oil field extracted water, is mainly used in oil transportation companion heat, wet crude dehydration, the heating of outer output oil and heating.
Background technology
China's energy-consuming is taking coal and oil as main, and environmental problem becomes increasingly conspicuous, and is second-biggest-in-the-world energy-consuming state.The flue dust causing and SO2 emissions, account for respectively 70% and 90% of national total release, and the acid rain area that sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions form has accounted for 1/3rd of area.
The Committee of Development and Reform requires to strengthen the research of energy-conservation science and technology in exploration, exploitation, in producing, building of gas industry by land and Energy saving theory, method.Reduce the energy consumption in oil gas processing procedure, simplify the technological process of oil gas processing, adopt the energy-efficient treatment facility of multi-functional unification as far as possible, build Combined Treatment station, oil field.Research adopts high-efficiency sewage processing method, reclaims the wet crude in sewage, and what re-injection was qualified purifies waste water; Promote the low-temperature heat quantity that heat pump techniques reclaims oil field extracted water.
There is the produced-water reinjection after a large amount of separation wet crudes in China, and before departures, temperature is 0 ~ 60 DEG C, and only Shengli Oil Field is with regard to 300,000,000 tons/year; As can be seen here, the low level recuperation of heat of China's oil field extracted water has a high potential.People are paying close attention to always and how to recycle this part heat energy and carry out production and the service for life for oil field, solve the pollution problem (simultaneously because wet crude and natural gas belong to scarce resource concerning China, being therefore necessary to save use) because burn wet crude or natural gas cause simultaneously.The feature of this part heat energy is that product bit comparison is low, utilizes heat pump to improve its temperature, can save a large amount of natural gas and wet crude.The waste heat of considerable recovered water is discharged in atmosphere, causes thermal pollution to waste again resource.On the one hand, along with the exploitation in oil field enters the middle and later periods, the oil-polluted water water yield of oil well is increasing; On the other hand, petroleum pipeline companion heat, wet crude dewatering process, the outer defeated heating of wet crude, winter, multi-purpose station, a large amount of building of production crew needed to heat.Current above-mentioned heat supply principal mode is to adopt gas fuel boiler, a small amount of coal-burning boiler that adopts, the energy utilization mode of this form is actual is to adopt burning high-grade fuel energy to obtain low grade heat energy, energy efficiency is lower, the using energy source thermal efficiency of this heating furnace is in 80% left and right, fire by efficiency only in 30% left and right.Based on above-mentioned consideration, it is the problem of a necessary solution that the form of employing compression heat pump or absorption heat pump is applied to oil transportation companion heat, the dehydration of crude oil, heating crude oil and life heating.Oil field extracted water compression heat pump has successfully obtained application in field produces and life, obtain energy-conservation and environment protecting significantly, but compression heat pump adopts electric drive, electricity price is higher, and the lower equipment that makes of natural gas inside price is grown (2-3 years) payoff period, restrict the enthusiasm that production unit is promoted, and direct fired absorption heat pump can be realized fuel combustion and directly drives, do not need, with motor drive compression machine, the efficiency of current stove 80% left and right to be brought up to 1.6-1.7.
Facts have proved in the past few years, adopts direct fired absorption heat pump, and heated wet crude or coolant-temperature gage can reach more than 80 DEG C, also have higher Energy Efficiency Ratio (1.6 left and right) simultaneously.
Several years ago, test and the application of the direct-fired heat pump heating of oil field extracted water or the outer defeated heating of wet crude all carried out in the oil fields such as triumph, Central Plains, obtain higher Energy Efficiency Ratio, but also expose some problems: 1, recovered water heat exchanger seriously corroded, perforation, rear employing titanium heat exchanger tube, but cost is too high; 2, recovered water fouling of heat exchangers is serious, one to two year afterwards obstruction cannot use; 3,---clear water heat exchanger makes the temperature that enters direct-fired evaporator with heat pump only have 35---42 DEG C, having reduced by 6 than recovered water temperature---8 DEG C of recovered waters; 4, recovered water---clear water heat exchange process needs water pump to move for a long time; 5,80 DEG C of wet crudes---high temperature clear water heat exchanger makes the temperature that wet crude finally reaches reduce by 20 than high temperature clear water output in the direct-fired heat pump of recovered water---, entropy increases larger; 6, wet crude---high temperature clear water heat exchanger requirements of process water pump moves for a long time; 7, in low-pressure absorber, atmospheric condenser, the temperature difference does not have echelon utilization, and the entropy that has increased system increases.
Through retrieval, learn publication number 101344348, the Chinese patent of open day 2009-01-14 discloses a kind of oil field produced water heat pump for heating the oil field produced water heat pump technique of outer output oil, the dehydration of crude oil, heating.Its technical scheme is: by oil field extracted water by Water Tank, send into the tube side of recovered water boiling heat exchanger, after oil field extracted water heat release cooling, enter wastewater discharge pumping plant pipeline, after heat absorption vaporization, enter the shell side of heat pump fluid evaporimeter, emit heat and condense into the shell side that flows back to recovered water boiling heat exchanger after liquid, after steam is delivered to compressor boost and heated up; Deliver to the heat release of working medium condenser shell side through pipeline and condense and become liquid, to choke valve step-down, send into heat pump fluid evaporimeter tube side; Working medium condenser tube side walks to need crude oil or the heating recirculated water of heating, and sorption type heat pump working medium condenser institute liberated heat, reaches temperature required rear outer defeated.Although above prior art has solved anti-corrosion anti-scale and the large problem of heat transfer temperature difference in the application of oil field extracted water heat energy, but compression heat pump adopts electric drive, buy under electricity price and the accounting of inner Gas Prices in oil field, economic benefit is not too obvious, has affected the enthusiasm that production unit is promoted.And direct fired absorption heat pump can be realized gas-firing or other fuel driven, do not need with electrically-driven compressors, system heating efficiency can bring up to 1.6-1.7, doubles than the heating furnace of current employing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the direct-fired heat pump technology of oil field extracted water, have that environmental protection, energy-conservation, the low system of operating pressure are relatively simple, reliable, heating efficiency is high, wet crude outlet temperature is high, the feature that operating cost is low, corrosion-resistant, fouling is few, can stablize the thermal source that petroleum pipeline companion heat, wet crude dehydration, the heating of outer output oil or life heating are provided.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme, the direct-fired heat pump technology of oil field extracted water, and its step comprises:
First oil field extracted water is sent into recovered water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator tube side by Water Tank, after oil field extracted water heat release cooling, enter wastewater discharge pumping plant pipeline;
In the shell side of recovered water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator, there is low pressure clear water, after heat absorption vaporization, enter low-pressure absorber shell side, after being absorbed by dense lithium-bromide solution, become rare lithium-bromide solution and emit heat, rare lithium-bromide solution is delivered to direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device after anticorrosion water pump boosts;
Rare lithium-bromide solution is heated to boiling in direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device, and the water at atmospheric pressure steam after vaporization is delivered to atmospheric condenser shell side through pipeline, and heat release is delivered to recovered water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator shell side heat absorption vaporization after condensing into water after choke valve step-down.
The heated boiling in direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device of described rare lithium-bromide solution is concentrated, and dense lithium-bromide solution is delivered to low-pressure absorber shell side after choke valve step-down.
First wet crude enters low-pressure absorber shell side, absorb low pressure water vapor that oil field extracted water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator sends here the liberated heat that condenses, deliver to again atmospheric condenser and absorb the water at atmospheric pressure steam condensation liberated heat that direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device is sent here, reach dewatering process or outer defeated technique and deliver to multi-purpose station settling tank or defeated outward after temperature required.
It is heat exchange element that described recovered water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator adopts graphite-pipe or graphite block hole.
It is 0.05-0.07MPa that described Water Tank recovered water goes out tank gauge pressure; Described rare lithium-bromide solution is heated to 140 to 180 DEG C of boilings according to controllable pressure in direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device.
Compared to prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, adopt graphite-pipe shell-type or the oil field produced water-to-water heat exchanger of piece cellular type to prevent recovered water corrosion;
2, adopt graphite-pipe shell-type or the oil field produced water-to-water heat exchanger of piece cellular type, to reach not even fouling of few fouling;
3, simplification of flowsheet, removes recovered water---clear water heat exchange process, the temperature of low pressure evaporator reaches 40---and 50 DEG C;
4, saved recovered water---the water pump of clear water heat exchanger flow process and operation;
5, wet crude directly enters the direct-fired heat pump of recovered water, to reduce intermediate equipment and heat transfer temperature difference;
6, wet crude directly enters the direct-fired heat pump of recovered water, has saved wet crude---the water pump of high temperature clear water heat exchanger requirements of process.Wet crude heating system is simplified greatly;
7, wet crude and low-pressure absorber, the heat exchange of atmospheric condenser echelon, the entropy that has reduced system increases.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the direct-fired heat pump technology of oil field extracted water of the present invention.
In figure: direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device 1; Atmospheric condenser 2; Choke valve 3; Recovered water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator 4; Low-pressure absorber 5; Anticorrosion water pump 6; Choke valve 7.
Detailed description of the invention
Relevant detailed description of the present invention and technology contents, coordinate brief description of the drawings as follows, but accompanying drawing only provides the use of reference with explanation, is not used for the present invention to be limited.
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, be applied to the flow process of the direct-fired heat pump technology of oil field extracted water, comprise that described low-pressure absorber 5 is also connected by independent wet crude or outer output oil pipeline with atmospheric condenser 2 by pipeline head and the tail connect successively recovered water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator 4, low-pressure absorber 5, direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device 1, atmospheric condenser 2.On the pipeline that described low-pressure absorber 5 is connected with direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device 1, be provided with anticorrosion water pump 6.Described low-pressure absorber 5 is also parallel with another pipeline with direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device 1, and choke valve 7 is set on this pipeline.On the pipeline that atmospheric condenser 2 is connected with recovered water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator 4, be provided with choke valve 3.It is heat exchange element that described recovered water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator adopts graphite-pipe or graphite block hole.
The direct-fired heat pump technology of oil field extracted water, first by oil field extracted water by Water Tank (generally going out tank gauge pressure is 0.06MPa), send into recovered water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator 4 tube sides, after oil field extracted water heat release cooling, enter wastewater discharge pumping plant pipeline: in the shell side of recovered water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator 4, have low pressure clear water, after heat absorption vaporization, enter low-pressure absorber 5 shell sides, after being absorbed by dense lithium-bromide solution, become rare lithium-bromide solution and emit heat, rare lithium-bromide solution is delivered to direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device 1 after anticorrosion water pump 6 boosts, its concrete boost value is delivered to direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device 1 completely and is as the criterion to ensure rare lithium-bromide solution, rare lithium-bromide solution is heated to 140 to 180 DEG C of boilings (relevant with controllable pressure) in direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device 1, water at atmospheric pressure steam after vaporization is delivered to atmospheric condenser 2 shell sides through pipeline, and heat release is delivered to the 4 shell side heat absorption vaporizations of recovered water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator after condensing into water after choke valve 3 step-downs.
The heated boiling in direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device of rare lithium-bromide solution is concentrated, and dense lithium-bromide solution is delivered to low-pressure absorber 5 shell sides after choke valve 7 step-downs.
First wet crude enters low-pressure absorber 5 shell sides, absorb low pressure water vapor that oil field extracted water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator 4 sends here the liberated heat that condenses, deliver to again atmospheric condenser 2 and absorb the water at atmospheric pressure steam condensation liberated heat that direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device is sent here, reach dewatering process or outer defeated technique and deliver to multi-purpose station settling tank or defeated outward after temperature required.
In this technological process, the easy fouling of oil field extracted water, corrosivity is strong, therefore adopts corrosion-resistantly, and the graphite-pipe of ant-scaling performance or graphite block hole are as the basic heat exchanger components of recovered water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator.
This invention adopts after above-mentioned technological process, utilizes the oil field extracted water low grade heat energy and the part of fuel combustion heat energy that after field joint stations water-oil separating, produce, can realize wet crude is heated to 82 DEG C by 50 DEG C.The low-temperature heat source of the direct-fired heat pump technology of oil field extracted water is oil field extracted water, and temperature, stability of flow are a kind of desirable low-temperature heat sources.Device therefor of the present invention, except recovered water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator and atmospheric condenser require anticorrosion, antiscale, other heat exchanger, valve, is traditional lithium bromide heating machine set device therefor.
This technique is Extraction parts heat energy from oil field extracted water, direct combustion heat pump drive heat up after for the production of or life, can not only make oil field extracted water low grade heat energy efficiently be utilized, and system thermal efficiency is about 1.65, be about 2 times of common heating furnace, there is obvious energy-saving effect, reduce toxic emission; The phase change heat exchange device of nonmetallic heat exchanger and metallic recuperator combination, has solved the anti-corrosion anti-scale problem in the application of oil field extracted water heat energy.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, non-in order to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, other use the equivalence of patent spirit of the present invention to change, and all should all belong to the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the direct-fired heat pump technology of oil field extracted water, its step comprises:
First oil field extracted water is sent into recovered water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator (4) tube side by Water Tank, after oil field extracted water heat release cooling, enter wastewater discharge pumping plant pipeline;
In the shell side of recovered water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator (4), there is low pressure clear water, after heat absorption vaporization, enter low-pressure absorber (5) shell side, after being absorbed by dense lithium-bromide solution, become rare lithium-bromide solution and emit heat, rare lithium-bromide solution is delivered to direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device (1) after anticorrosion water pump (6) boosts;
Rare lithium-bromide solution is heated to boiling in direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device (1), water at atmospheric pressure steam after vaporization is delivered to atmospheric condenser (2) shell side through pipeline, and heat release is delivered to recovered water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator (4) shell side heat absorption vaporization after condensing into water after choke valve (3) step-down.
2. the direct-fired heat pump technology of oil field extracted water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the heated boiling in direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device of described rare lithium-bromide solution is concentrated, and dense lithium-bromide solution is delivered to low-pressure absorber (5) shell side after choke valve (7) step-down.
3. the direct-fired heat pump technology of oil field extracted water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, first wet crude enters low-pressure absorber (5) shell side, absorb the low pressure water vapor sent here of oil field extracted water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator (4) liberated heat that condenses, deliver to again atmospheric condenser (2) and absorb the water at atmospheric pressure steam condensation liberated heat that direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device is sent here, reach dewatering process or outer defeated technique and deliver to multi-purpose station settling tank or defeated outward after temperature required.
4. the direct-fired heat pump technology of oil field extracted water according to claim 1, is characterized in that, it is heat exchange element that described recovered water low pressure heat exchanging evaporator (4) adopts graphite-pipe or graphite block hole.
5. the direct-fired heat pump technology of oil field extracted water according to claim 1, is characterized in that, it is 0.05-0.07MPa that described Water Tank recovered water goes out tank gauge pressure; Described rare lithium-bromide solution is heated to 140 to 180 DEG C of boilings according to controllable pressure in direct-fired atmospheric evaporation device (1).
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| CN201310070773.2A CN104034089A (en) | 2013-03-06 | 2013-03-06 | Direct-fired heat pump process for oilfield produced water |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2929596Y (en) * | 2006-07-17 | 2007-08-01 | 祝建军 | Absorptive heat pump system for recovering waste heat from power plant, printing and dyeing, oil field and pharmaceutical industries |
| CN101344348A (en) * | 2008-08-26 | 2009-01-14 | 王培军 | Oil field produced water heat pump technique |
| CN101864926A (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-10-20 | 山东胜利职业学院 | Equipment and process for heating output crude oil by using oil field produced water heat pump |
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- 2013-03-06 CN CN201310070773.2A patent/CN104034089A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2929596Y (en) * | 2006-07-17 | 2007-08-01 | 祝建军 | Absorptive heat pump system for recovering waste heat from power plant, printing and dyeing, oil field and pharmaceutical industries |
| CN101344348A (en) * | 2008-08-26 | 2009-01-14 | 王培军 | Oil field produced water heat pump technique |
| CN101864926A (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-10-20 | 山东胜利职业学院 | Equipment and process for heating output crude oil by using oil field produced water heat pump |
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