CN104028077A - Pressure swing adsorption gas purifier - Google Patents
Pressure swing adsorption gas purifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN104028077A CN104028077A CN201410302126.4A CN201410302126A CN104028077A CN 104028077 A CN104028077 A CN 104028077A CN 201410302126 A CN201410302126 A CN 201410302126A CN 104028077 A CN104028077 A CN 104028077A
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Abstract
The invention provides a gas purification device using a pressure swing adsorption principle. The pressure swing adsorption gas purifier provided by the invention has the characteristics of integration and miniaturization in structure, easiness in PSA (Pressure Swing Adsorption) circulation, high flexibility, easiness for assembling, high purification efficiency, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas purifying device that utilizes pressure-variable adsorption (Pressure Swing Adsorption, PSA) principle.
Background technology
Pressure Swing Adsorption gas technology is to utilize adsorbent under high pressure to adsorb impurity composition, desorption of impurities component under low pressure, thereby by gas purification a kind of technology out.
In patent US3430418, disclose after the example of PSA system, patent US3564816, US3986849 are successively optimized on the former basis, when increasing adsorbent bed, have increased equalization step, improve productive rate, but brought many valves, problem that process is loaded down with trivial details.Although patent US4761165 reduces to 18 by the control valve of four purifying tank purifiers afterwards, patent US6146450 has also reduced complexity in pipeline configuration, Chinese patent application 200380101138.0 has further been optimized the operation cycle of PSA, adopt parallel equal hydraulic fluid pipeline to simplify PSA circulation, but it comprises 20 valves of four purifying tanks, and each product gas outlet is controlled by valve, still there is the complexity in structure and PSA circulation.
In recent years, along with the fast development of PSA technology, PSA technology has obtained a large amount of application in the separating-purifying field of gas.But except existing the complexity of the more PSA operation cycle causing of valve, also there is the complexity that between each purifying tank, pipeline connects in current PSA technology.Because institute's connecting line needs a plurality of parts, cause on the one hand the complexity of installation, also bring on the other hand the more problem of risk point of leaking in pipeline.For above problem, Chinese patent application 200720171174.X and patent ZL201020669876.2 have successively designed the upper and lower module of PSA, for PSA purifying tank is formed integrated.But according to structure described in patent or patent application, the oxygen of purification through valve out, more directly enters air tank through check valve from purifier.Like this, purifying gas is not done pressure balance processing before entering air tank, very unfavorable for the balance of system pressure, is just unfavorable for continuing to provide the gas of higher degree yet.
Equipment for PSA purifying hydrogen of hydrogen all biases toward maximization at present, although the device of this maximization has larger hydrogen output, also has certain defect simultaneously, such as equipment manufacturing cost is higher, construction period is long, maintenance cost is higher.In addition, because equipment is larger, inlet period is longer, wayward for the hydrogen purity producing, simultaneously for not meeting the requirement of its instant electrogenesis as this generating equipment that immediately needs hydrogen in workplace of fuel cell.In addition,, directly to the danger that had both had transportation flammable explosive gas by hydrogen storage equipment transportation of hydrogen gas, cause again the secondary cost in hydrogen storage equipment purchase and transportation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to maximize in order to solve current PSA purifying hydrogen of hydrogen that the building course that brings is loaded down with trivial details, construction period long, overall cost is high, and because equipment is large, long causing of inlet period can not be to providing the problems such as high-purity hydrogen as this equipment real-time stabilization of hydrogen that immediately needs in workplace of fuel cell.
The invention provides a kind of PSA Gas purifier, comprising:
A purifying tank, includes an adsorption bed, and has unstripped gas entrance, waste gas outlet, product gas outlet and purgative gas entrance;
A gas product surge tank, has gas product entrance, product gas outlet;
Respectively with the unstripped gas entrance of described purifying tank, unstripped gas inlet valve, the waste gas outlet valve that waste gas outlet is communicated with;
Respectively with the purgative gas entrance of described purifying tank, purgative gas inlet valve, the product gas outlet valve that product gas outlet is communicated with;
Respectively with the gas product entrance of described gas product surge tank, gas product inlet valve, the product gas outlet valve that product gas outlet is communicated with;
It is characterized in that,
Described PSA Gas purifier also comprises:
First connecting elements, has for the unstripped gas inlet valve of described purifying tank and the unstripped gas inlet valve installing hole of waste gas outlet valve and waste gas outlet valve installing hole, for the product gas outlet valve installing hole of the product gas outlet valve of described gas product surge tank, for purifying tank first installing hole of described purifying tank and for surge tank first installing hole of described gas product surge tank;
Second connecting elements, be oppositely arranged with described the first connecting elements, have for the purgative gas inlet valve of described purifying tank and the purgative gas inlet valve installing hole of product gas outlet valve and product gas outlet valve installing hole, for the gas product inlet valve installing hole of the gas product inlet valve of described gas product surge tank, for purifying tank second installing hole of described purifying tank and for surge tank second installing hole of described gas product surge tank;
Described purifying tank and described gas product surge tank are between described the first connecting elements and described the second connecting elements, respectively via described purifying tank the first installing hole and described purifying tank the second installing hole and described surge tank the first installing hole and described surge tank the second installing hole and be placed between described the first connecting elements and described the second connecting elements;
Described the first connecting elements and the second connecting elements are respectively integral type structure.
In a preferred embodiment, described purifying tank within it portion comprises spacer assembly, and described spacer assembly comprises that the reeded isolation frame of tool, the clamping of its week circle are to porous plate and fastener in the groove of described isolation frame.
In a preferred embodiment, described porous plate passes through inner seal liner clamping to the inside grooves of described isolation frame.
In a preferred embodiment, described isolation frame passes through outside seal clamping to the wall portion of described purifying tank.
In a preferred embodiment, described purifying tank within it portion comprise two described spacer assemblys, the adsorbent for fixing between the two.
In a preferred embodiment, described purifying tank within it portion also comprises an installing plate, is arranged on described two spacer assemblys below, and carries cellular plastic beads placed on it.
In a preferred embodiment, described installing plate clamping is to the wall portion of described purifying tank.
In a preferred embodiment, filling product aspiration enclosure material in described gas product cushion dashpot.
In a preferred embodiment, described PSA Gas purifier also comprises the preposition counterbalance valve with described gas product cushion dashpot airflow connection.
In a preferred embodiment, described PSA Gas purifier is used for the mixed material gas of purifying hydrogen of hydrogen content at 30%～80% (volume content).
The present invention also provides a kind of method of purifying hydrogen of hydrogen, and it uses PSA Gas purifier as above.
The present invention also provides a kind of spacer assembly, and described spacer assembly comprises that the reeded isolation frame of tool, the clamping of its week circle are to porous plate and fastener in the groove of described isolation frame.
In a preferred embodiment, described porous plate passes through inner seal liner clamping to the inside grooves of described isolation frame.
The features such as that PSA Gas purifier of the present invention has is structure-integrated, miniaturization, PSA circulation are simple, high flexibility, easily assembling, high purification efficiency, low cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The following drawings is for carrying out example explanation to the present invention, and wherein identical Reference numeral represents identical parts.
Fig. 1 mono-purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type PSA purifier sketch.
Fig. 2 bis-purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type PSA purifier sketches.
Fig. 3 tri-purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type PSA purifier sketches.
The inner adsorbent of Fig. 4 purifying tank installation site sketch.
Fig. 5 spacer assembly structural representation.
The first connecting elements structural representation of Fig. 6 mono-purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type PSA purifier.
The second connecting elements structural representation of Fig. 7 mono-purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type PSA purifier.
The specific embodiment
PSA Gas purifier of the present invention comprises:
A purifying tank, includes an adsorption bed, and has unstripped gas entrance, waste gas outlet, product gas outlet and purgative gas entrance;
A gas product surge tank, has gas product entrance, product gas outlet;
Respectively with the unstripped gas entrance of described purifying tank, unstripped gas inlet valve, the waste gas outlet valve that waste gas outlet is communicated with;
Respectively with the purgative gas entrance of described purifying tank, purgative gas inlet valve, the product gas outlet valve that product gas outlet is communicated with;
Respectively with the gas product entrance of described gas product surge tank, gas product inlet valve, the product gas outlet valve that product gas outlet is communicated with;
It is characterized in that,
Described PSA Gas purifier also comprises:
First connecting elements, has for the unstripped gas inlet valve of described purifying tank and the unstripped gas inlet valve installing hole of waste gas outlet valve and waste gas outlet valve installing hole, for the product gas outlet valve installing hole of the product gas outlet valve of described gas product surge tank, for purifying tank first installing hole of described purifying tank and for surge tank first installing hole of described gas product surge tank;
Second connecting elements, be oppositely arranged with described the first connecting elements, have for the purgative gas inlet valve of described purifying tank and the purgative gas inlet valve installing hole of product gas outlet valve and product gas outlet valve installing hole, for the gas product inlet valve installing hole of the gas product inlet valve of described gas product surge tank, for purifying tank second installing hole of described purifying tank and for surge tank second installing hole of described gas product surge tank;
Described purifying tank and described gas product surge tank are between described the first connecting elements and described the second connecting elements, respectively via described purifying tank the first installing hole and described purifying tank the second installing hole and described surge tank the first installing hole and described surge tank the second installing hole and be placed between described the first connecting elements and described the second connecting elements;
Described the first connecting elements and the second connecting elements are respectively integral type structure.
Below, by reference to the accompanying drawings, PSA Gas purifier of the present invention is elaborated.
purifying tank
PSA Gas purifier of the present invention comprises a purifying tank, includes an adsorption bed, and described adsorption bed is used under high adsorptive pressure, adsorbing impurity composition, desorption of impurities component under low adsorptive pressure.The cylinder of described purifying tank for being made by metal material or plastic material, volume size and number can be determined as required.
The inner adsorption bed of filling purification use of described purifying tank, conventionally fills an adsorption bed, but according to actual needs, also can fill a plurality of adsorption bed.Below, take and fill an adsorption bed and describe as example.
In the adsorption bed of the purifying tank of PSA Gas purifier of the present invention, be filled with adsorbent as one or more in active carbon class, activated alumina class, molecular sieve, silica type, for adsorbing foreign gas component.
In a preferred embodiment, inner at least two kinds of adsorbents, the filling mode that described adsorbent adopts layering to place in adsorption bed of filling of described adsorption bed.The structure that the adsorption bed shown in Fig. 4 of take includes three layers of filler is example, and in figure, the 1st layer of placement has the very A material of strong absorptive, is mainly used to adsorb the minute quantity moisture carrying in unstrpped gas; Place B material for the 2nd layer, except main CO absorption
2the ability also outward, with CO absorption; Fill C material for the 3rd layer, be mainly used to adsorb the 2nd layer of impurity such as CO that absorption is remaining.In adsorption bed, the type of the layering situation of adsorbent and filling adsorbent is mainly decided by the impurity composition of unstrpped gas.
In the present invention, described purifying tank has four openings, is respectively unstripped gas entrance, waste gas outlet, purgative gas entrance and product gas outlet, is connected respectively with described unstripped gas inlet valve, waste gas outlet valve, purgative gas inlet valve and product gas outlet valve.
In a preferred embodiment, the purifying tank of PSA Gas purifier of the present invention also comprises the device of double dispersion inlet end gas note.One device that heavily disperses inlet end gas to note is cellular plastic beads; Another is heavy is built-in spacer assembly.
In a preferred embodiment, two spacer assemblys are installed in purifying tank.In a specific embodiment, described spacer assembly clamping is to the wall portion of described purifying tank.Described spacer assembly, for when disperseing inlet end gas note, also plays and in purifying tank, isolates certain space, and fixing is positioned at adsorbent wherein and forms the effect of adsorption bed, as shown in 4 and 4 ' in Fig. 4.
Described spacer assembly comprises isolation frame, porous plate and fastener.Described isolation frame is the hollow ring-type identical with the cross section of purifying tank inner space, be highly 20-35mm, an end, the smooth nonpitting part in inner surface place of isolation frame annular body portion, but in the other end, by inner surface outward radial, be formed with continuous groove part, continuous groove part is along circumference continuous distributed, groove height accounts for the 30%-60% of isolation frame annular body height, and cup depth accounts for the approximately 5%-60% of isolation frame annular body internal diameter.Porous plate can be put into the inside grooves (being that the former diameter is greater than the latter's internal diameter) of described isolation frame.When reality is used, the week circle clamping of porous plate, to isolating in the groove of frame, by annular snap fastener, is clamped in porous plate in isolation frame, be wherein connected to a side contacts adsorbent of fastener.Described isolation frame, porous plate and fastener can be inert material, and the opening diameter of described porous plate is 80～125 microns, and percent opening is 50%-70%, and hole is uniformly distributed.In addition, in described spacer assembly, can there are one or more porous plates, in there is the situation of a plurality of porous plates, the identical and stacked setting of the cross section of described a plurality of porous plates (cross section of indication is the cross section along getting perpendicular to the plane of purifying tank herein).
Fig. 5 shows a specific embodiments of the present invention, and this built-in spacer assembly 20 comprises isolation frame 5, is placed in its inner polyethylene porous fibre plate 1 and stacked metal perforated plate 2 thereon, that cross section is identical and fastener 6.Described isolation frame 5 can be polyethylene material, nylon material or stainless steel, and described fastener 6 can be the material identical with isolation frame 5.Described polyethylene porous fibre plate 1 and metal perforated plate 2 clampings are to described isolation frame 5 inside grooves, wherein polyethylene porous fibre plate 1 one side contacts adsorbents.The aperture of described polyethylene porous fibre plate 1 is 115 microns, and thickness is 3.3mm, and percent opening is 60%, and the aperture of metal perforated plate 2 is 4mm, and thickness is 2mm, and percent opening is 70%.In addition, at the inside and outside of this spacer assembly, respectively there is sealing ring to be used as inner seal liner 4 and outside seal 3.Described polyethylene porous fibre plate 1 and metal perforated plate 2 pass through inner seal liner 4 clampings to described isolation frame 5 inside grooves.Described isolation frame 5 is the wall portion to described purifying tank by outside seal 3 clampings.This spacer assembly is used for fixing adsorbent, can make the good layering of dissimilar adsorbent, prevents the fluidisation of absorbent particles, can make again gas uniform enter dispersedly adsorption bed, avoids air-flow too to concentrate the pulverizing that causes adsorbent.
In a preferred embodiment, described purifying tank within it portion also comprises an installing plate, is arranged on described two spacer assemblys below, and carries cellular plastic beads placed on it.Described installing plate clamping, to the wall portion of described purifying tank, has the hole that aperture is less than porous small ball diameter placed on it on plate, the percent opening of this installing plate is generally 50%-70%.In a specific embodiment, it is that 10mm, aperture are the plastic beads that about 1.2mm, percent opening are 2% that diameter is housed below purifying tank bottommost, described two spacer assemblys, being filled to the thickness of about 5cm, is that the described installing plate that about 8mm, percent opening are 60% fixes by aperture.The plastic beads that fills has two effects: one, break up the unstripped gas of being come in by purifying tank unstripped gas entrance and note, being convenient to gas dispersion, to enter purifying tank inner, avoids gas note more inner sorbing material to be impacted; The droplet that the condensation of the minute quantity of two, bringing in isolation source of the gas is got off, the working life that extends purifier.
In another preferred embodiment, PSA Gas purifier of the present invention also comprises double moisture treating apparatus.In one heavy source of the gas, moisture treating apparatus is described cavernous plastic beads, and another is heavy is to be placed in the undermost adsorbent of PSA purifier purifying tank.
gas product surge tank
PSA Gas purifier of the present invention also comprises gas product surge tank, filling product aspiration enclosure material can be contained (in the situation that gas product is hydrogen in its inside, described sorbing material can be conventional hydrogen storage material, and boron hydride for example, as sodium borohydride etc.; Metal hydride, as magnesium hydride, zircoium hydride etc.) bed, and there are two openings, respectively as product gas outlet and gas product entrance, be connected with gas product inlet valve with described product gas outlet valve respectively.Described gas product surge tank and the installation placed side by side of purifying tank, be used for depositing the gas product of purification, and buffer product gas velocity, for user provides the stable gas product flowing out.
first connecting elements & the second connecting elements
PSA Gas purifier of the present invention comprises first connecting elements, has for the unstripped gas inlet valve of described purifying tank and the unstripped gas inlet valve installing hole of waste gas outlet valve and waste gas outlet valve installing hole, for the product gas outlet valve installing hole of the product gas outlet valve of described gas product surge tank, for purifying tank first installing hole of described purifying tank and for surge tank first installing hole of described gas product surge tank.In addition, in the first connecting elements, also comprise for inputting the unstripped gas inlet channel of unstripped gas and for exporting the exhausting waste gas passage of waste gas.
PSA Gas purifier of the present invention also comprises second connecting elements, be oppositely arranged with described the first connecting elements, have for the purgative gas inlet valve of described purifying tank and the purgative gas inlet valve installing hole of product gas outlet valve and product gas outlet valve installing hole, for the gas product inlet valve installing hole of the gas product inlet valve of described gas product surge tank, for purifying tank second installing hole of described purifying tank and for surge tank second installing hole of described gas product surge tank.In addition, in the second connecting elements, also comprise for inputting the flushing channel of purgative gas and for the product gas outlet passage of output products gas.
In PSA Gas purifier of the present invention, described purifying tank and described gas product surge tank are between described the first connecting elements and described the second connecting elements, respectively via described purifying tank the first installing hole and described purifying tank the second installing hole and described surge tank the first installing hole and described surge tank the second installing hole and be placed between described the first connecting elements and described the second connecting elements.
According to the present invention, described the first connecting elements and the second connecting elements are respectively integral type structure.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the unstripped gas inlet valve installing hole of described purifying tank and waste gas outlet valve installing hole lay respectively at a lip-deep opposite end of described the first connecting elements, the cardinal principle middle position of described purifying tank the first mounting hole site in the similar face of described the first connecting elements.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the purgative gas inlet valve installing hole of described purifying tank and product gas outlet valve installing hole lay respectively at a lip-deep opposite end of described the second connecting elements, the cardinal principle middle position of described purifying tank the second mounting hole site in the similar face of described the second connecting elements.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the product gas outlet valve installing hole of described gas product surge tank lays respectively at a lip-deep opposite end of described the first connecting elements, the cardinal principle middle position of described surge tank the first mounting hole site in the similar face of described the first connecting elements.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the gas product inlet valve mounting hole site of described gas product surge tank is upper in a surface of described the second connecting elements, the cardinal principle middle position of described surge tank the second mounting hole site in the similar face of described the second connecting elements.
Shown in Fig. 6 is the first connecting elements of a purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type purifier, what in figure, mark 1 and 2 is respectively purifying tank the first installing hole and gas product surge tank the first installing hole, what in figure, mark 3 and 4 is respectively unstripped gas inlet valve installing hole and the waste gas outlet valve installing hole of purifying tank, what in figure, mark 5 is product gas outlet valve installing holes of gas product surge tank, and what in figure, mark 6 and 7 is respectively the inlet channel of unstripped gas and the exhaust passage of waste gas to be purified.The magnetic valve corresponding with installing hole 3 is the unstripped gas inlet valve of purifying tank, and the magnetic valve corresponding with installing hole 4 is the waste gas outlet valve of purifying tank, and the magnetic valve corresponding with installing hole 5 is the product gas outlet valve of gas product surge tank.
Shown in Fig. 7 is the second connecting elements of a purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type purifier, what in figure, mark 1 and 2 is respectively purifying tank the second installing hole and gas product surge tank the second installing hole, what in figure, mark 6 and 7 is respectively flushing channel and net product gas exit passageway, what in figure, mark 3 and 4 is respectively the purgative gas inlet valve installing hole of purifying tank and the gas product inlet valve installing hole of gas product surge tank, in figure, 5 is product gas outlet of purifying tank, and check valve is installed herein.The magnetic valve corresponding with installing hole 3 is the purgative gas inlet valve of purifying tank, and the magnetic valve corresponding with installing hole 4 is the gas product inlet valve of gas product surge tank.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, described PSA Gas purifier comprises a plurality of purifying tanks.Preferably, described the first connecting elements also has the first public unstripped gas inlet channel of a unstripped gas inlet valve for described purifying tank and the first public exhausting waste gas passage of a waste gas outlet valve for described purifying tank.Described the second connecting elements also has the second public flushing channel of a purgative gas inlet valve for described purifying tank and the second public product gas exit passageway of a product gas outlet valve for described purifying tank.
As mentioned above, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the product gas outlet valve of described purifying tank is check valve.The product gas outlet valve of the purifying tank of PSA Gas purifier of the present invention adopts check valve, adopts magnetic valve to compare with traditional purifying tank refined product gas outlet valve, and cost is lower.The second connecting elements that purifying tank one gas product shown in Fig. 7 of take cushions pot type purifier is example, it comprises a check valve, wherein this check valve is arranged on product gas outlet 5 places of purifying tank, and the product gas outlet of purifying tank is installed the check valve of pure frame for movement.The minimum pressure by gas of this check valve is 20kPa, simple in structure, cost is lower, both avoided loaded down with trivial details in program that sequencing valve brings, reduced again the cost that sequencing valve produces, be different from patent ZL201220313782.0 for return line and patent ZL201020669876.2 for oxygen tank oxygen intake.
PSA Gas purifier of the present invention also comprises a preposition counterbalance valve with described gas product surge tank airflow connection, between gas product surge tank and purifying tank, as shown in Figure 7, in communicating passage 8, be connected with counterbalance valve with stainless steel tube by joint with 9 exit.This preposition counterbalance valve can make gas product when PSA pressure reaches certain pressure, enter gas product surge tank on the one hand, can maintain again on the other hand the stable of PSA pressure, guarantees the stability of purification system work.
PSA Gas purifier of the present invention also comprises one group of choke valve, for controlling gas flow.Cleaning flow and pressurising flow is controlled according to the situation of purifying gas by choke valve.
The present invention be take the purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type purifier shown in Fig. 1 and is described as example.The two ends up and down of a purifying tank P and a gas product surge tank B are arranged on respectively on the second connecting elements L2 and the first connecting elements L1 that are positioned at upper and lower two ends with above-mentioned specific internal, six magnetic valves, a check valve, a preposition counterbalance valve and one group of choke valve are installed on upper and lower two connecting elements altogether, the first connecting elements L1 inside comprises unstripped gas inlet channel and waste gas passing away, and the second connecting elements L2 inside comprises product gas outlet passage and flushing channel.PSA of the present invention adopts the product gas outlet valve of upper and lower two connecting elements and purifying tank to adopt check valve, adopt magnetic valve to compare with the product gas outlet valve of top and the bottom connected mode and purifying tank between traditional PSA purifier purifying tank, with regard to cost, reduced by 20%.
purification operations
The present invention, by be installed into the valve of giving vent to anger on the first connecting elements and the second connecting elements, utilizes the opening and closing of programme-control valve to control air inlet and the exhaust of purifying tank, thereby realize automation, purifies.The purification of each purifying tank mainly comprises air inlet purification, exhaust, cleaning, four steps of pressurising, if suitable, also can comprise main equilibrium and by equalization step.By the one or more purifying tanks of programme-control, continue to carry out in turn above step, guarantee that purifier continues refined product gas efficiently.
PSA purification process of the present invention is simple, according to the difference of purifying tank number, and difference slightly, but all comprise substantially this four step of air inlet purification, exhaust, cleaning and pressurising.Each purifying tank in purifier is in one of four basic running statuses, one of them purifying tank is when air inlet is purified, and other purifying tanks, in the operation of carrying out its corresponding states, are purified and prepared for its air inlet, utilize automatic control means, realized the continuous circulation work of purifier.Each running status duration of each purifying tank, according to adsorbent, the flow of the adsorption capacity of impurity, adsorbent volume and adsorbate is determined.
Below, the course of work of a purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type, two purifying tank one gas product buffering pot types and three purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type PSA purifiers is described in detail.
One purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type PSA purifier sketch as shown in Figure 1, comprises a purifying tank P.Each circulation of purifying comprises four steps, first open the unstripped gas inlet valve Vc of purifying tank P, make unstripped gas to be purified enter purifying tank P and purify, the gas product through purifying is discharged by the gas product inlet valve Vb by gas product surge tank B or via the direct input product gas of preposition counterbalance valve (not shown) surge tank B from the product gas outlet valve (not shown) of purifying tank P; After purification completes, the waste gas outlet valve Vd that opens purifying tank P carries out exhaust pressure relief; After exhaust pressure relief completes, under the state of opening at waste gas outlet valve Vd, from gas product surge tank B, via purgative gas inlet valve Va, call gas product and clean; After cleaning completes, close waste gas outlet valve Vd, then from gas product surge tank B, via purgative gas inlet valve Va, call gas product and carry out pressurising, for purify and prepare next time, and can obtain required gas product from the product gas outlet valve Ve of gas product surge tank B.One purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type purifier small volume, design comparison is simple, is applicable to not need to provide continuously gas product and is not very high user to purification efficiency requirement.
Two purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type PSA purifier structure diagrams as shown in Figure 2, comprise two purifying tank P1 and P2, its PSA cyclic process sees the following form shown in 1, each cyclic process comprises six steps, while being purifying tank P1 air inlet absorption purification (A), purifying tank P2 first carries out exhaust pressure relief (BD), clean again (P), then pressurising again (PR), purifying tank P1 completes after air inlet absorption purification by setting-up time, purifying tank P2 carries out air inlet absorption and purifies, during purifying tank P2 air inlet, purifying tank P1 first carries out exhaust, clean again, then carry out again pressurising, two purifying tank P1 and P2 loop the above six step successively according to the step shown in table 1, complete the purification of gas product, process is fairly simple.Two purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type PSA purifiers, simple in structure, small volume, is convenient to shift and transportation, and being applicable to purity of product gas or purification efficiency requirement is not very high user.
Table 1. two purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type PSA purification process
| ? | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Purifying tank P1 | A | A | A | BD | P | PR |
| Purifying tank P2 | BD | P | PR | A | A | A |
Three purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type PSA purifier sketches as shown in Figure 3, comprise three purifying tank P1, P2 and P3.The purification process of three purifying tanks and above PSA purifier can carry out with reference to step described in patent application 200680002198.0, that is: when (A) purified in purifying tank P1 air inlet, purifying tank P3 is first to purifying tank P2 counterpressure (EQ), then purifying tank P2 carries out pressurising (PR), purifying tank P3 first carries out exhaust pressure relief (BD), then cleans (P); Enter purifying tank P2 air inlet while purifying, purifying tank P1 is first to purifying tank P3 counterpressure (EQ), then purifying tank P3 pressurising (PR), and the first exhaust pressure relief (BD) of purifying tank P1, then clean (P); When (A) purified in purifying tank P3 air inlet, purifying tank P2 is first to purifying tank P1 counterpressure (EQ), and then purifying tank P1 carries out pressurising, and purifying tank P2 first carries out pressure release, then cleans.
In a preferred embodiment, PSA Gas purifier of the present invention is the PSA hydrogen purification device of a kind of miniaturization of the hydrogen in a kind of hydrogen, particularly hydrogen content that is used for purifying in mixed material gas mixed material gas that is 30%～80% (volume content).
An example purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type PSA purifier as shown in Figure 1, the unstripped gas of hydrogen content 30%～80% (volume content) is through the unstripped gas inlet valve Vc of PSA the first connecting elements L1, enter PSA purifying tank P and adsorb purification, it is stand-by that the hydrogen of purifying out enters hydrogen gas buffer B through the product gas outlet passage of PSA the second connecting elements L2, and the waste gas producing in PSA purification process is discharged (recycle or be directly used for the heat-dissipating of burning) via the exhausting waste gas passage of PSA the first connecting elements L1.
Purifier of the present invention can assemble corresponding purifier according to the requirement that needs hydrogen situation, for example as required the purity of hydrogen, purification efficiency, whether need continuous hydrogen supply to assemble the purifier of different purifying tank numbers, also can be according to needing hydrogen amount, according to the purifier of the size assembling respective volume size of the adsorption capacity of adsorbent and charge flow rate, can also by several little purifier parallel connections, provide hydrogen as required, hydrogen purity can meet the needs of fuel cell, be hydrogen purity >=99.99%, CO content is not higher than 1ppm.
Purifier of the present invention, farthest the sequencing valve of each purifying tank is reduced to 3, the product gas outlet of purifying tank is installed simple mechanical check valve, gas flow, only by a throttle valve control, has reduced the complexity in the programme-control that described in patent application 200680002198.0, each purifying tank four valve brings.And can under low pressure work, purifying tank and PSA the first connecting elements, the second connecting elements can be used metal species or plastic materials, adsorbent can be selected active carbon class, activated alumina class, molecular sieve or silica type according to the situation that is purified gas, has reduced the unique cost requiring of material.
According to another aspect of the present invention, also provide a kind of method of purifying hydrogen of hydrogen, it uses PSA Gas purifier of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below, by embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples are only illustrative, but not limit the scope of the invention by any way.
The adsorbent that used is in an embodiment of the present invention as follows respectively:
Adsorbent of molecular sieve model is 13X molecular sieve, purchased from the permanent illuminate in Shanghai;
Acticarbon model is cocoanut active charcoal, purchased from hundred million foreign-water, processes Materials Co., Ltd;
Activated alumina adsorbents model JZ-K1 activated alumina, purchased from Shanghai cosmos chemistry of a specified duration.
The valve that used is in the present invention as follows respectively:
Unstripped gas inlet valve-pore size 5mm of purifying tank,
Waste gas outlet valve-pore size 5mm of purifying tank,
The gas product inlet valve of gas product surge tank, product gas outlet valve-pore size 5mm,
Purgative gas inlet valve-pore size 5mm of purifying tank,
Product gas outlet valve-pore size 5mm of purifying tank,
Preposition counterbalance valve-pore size 8mm,
Choke valve-pore size 2mm, adjustable,
Below all purchased from AIRBEST.
spacer assembly and the impact of cellular plastic beads on purity of product gas
The PSA Gas purifier using in this test is the purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type PSA purifier shown in Fig. 1 of the present invention.Described purifier comprises a purifying tank, this purifying tank is made by aluminum alloy materials, volume is 6.6L (diameter is 82mm), the adsorption bed inside that purifying tank includes is filled with three kinds of adsorbents (being respectively from the top down molecular sieve catalysts, active carbon class adsorbent, activated alumina class adsorbent), and packed height is than being 2:1:1 (62.5cm:31.3cm:31.3cm).Described purifier also comprises a hydrogen gas buffer, and it is made by aluminum alloy materials, and volume is 6.6L (diameter is 82mm).The first connecting elements of described purifier and the structure of the second connecting elements are respectively as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.
The spacer assembly of the PSA Gas purifier using in this test is the built-in spacer assembly shown in Fig. 5 of the present invention.This spacer assembly comprises highly polyethylene isolation frame for 25mm, polyethylene porous fibre plate that clamping to the diameter of isolating frame centre position is 72mm and supporting aluminum metal orifice plate and polyethylene annular snap fastener with it, wherein the aperture of polyethylene porous fibre plate is 115 μ m, percent opening is 60%, thickness is 3.3mm, the aperture of metal perforated plate is 4mm, percent opening is 60%, and thickness is 2mm, and ring-type fastener internal diameter is 65mm.
The cellular plastic beads of the PSA Gas purifier using in this test is the plastic beads that diameter is 2% for 10mm, aperture for 1mm, percent opening, the packed height of plastic beads on installing plate is 5cm, the aperture of described installing plate is 4.5mm, and percent opening is 60%.
Embodiment 1
Adopt a purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type PSA purifier of the invention described above, wherein, above-mentioned built-in spacer assembly of the present invention is not installed in purifying tank, but at the two ends up and down of adsorption bed, adopt respectively three layer of 10 object high desnity metal silk screen, for fixing, be positioned at adsorbent wherein, purifying pot bottom is not filled the cellular plastic beads of the invention described above yet.To mainly containing H
2, and contain a small amount of H
2o, CO, CO
2mixed material gas purify, concrete operations flow process is as follows: the unstripped gas inlet valve of first opening purifying tank, make unstripped gas to be purified enter purifying tank and purify, the gas product through purifying is discharged by by the direct input product gas of preposition counterbalance valve surge tank from the product gas outlet valve of purifying tank; After purification completes, the waste gas outlet valve of opening purifying tank carries out exhaust pressure relief; After exhaust pressure relief completes, under the state of opening at waste gas outlet valve, from gas product surge tank, via purgative gas inlet valve, call gas product and clean; After cleaning completes, close waste gas outlet valve, then from gas product surge tank, via purgative gas inlet valve, call gas product and carry out pressurising, for purify and prepare next time, and can obtain required product hydrogen from the product gas outlet valve of gas product surge tank.The charge flow rate of described mixed material gas is 110SLPM, and accumulative total moves to 500 hours, still keeps higher hydrogen purity, can meet the needs (>=99.99%) of fuel cell.
Table 2 does not contain the purification data of the purifier of built-in spacer assembly and not filling porous shape plastic beads
Embodiment 2
Adopt a purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type PSA purifier of the invention described above, wherein, above-mentioned built-in spacer assembly of the present invention is installed respectively at the two ends up and down of the adsorption bed in purifying tank, for fixing, be positioned at adsorbent wherein, but purifying pot bottom is not filled the cellular plastic beads of the invention described above.Mode of operation as described in Example 1, to mainly containing H
2, and contain a small amount of H
2o, CO, CO
2mixed material gas purify, charge flow rate is 110SLPM, accumulative total is moved approximately 1000 hours, still keeps higher hydrogen purity, can meet the needs (>=99.99%) of fuel cell.
Table 3 is containing the purification data of the purifier of built-in spacer assembly but not filling porous shape plastic beads
Embodiment 3
Adopt a purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type PSA purifier of the invention described above, wherein, above-mentioned built-in spacer assembly of the present invention is installed respectively at the two ends up and down of the adsorption bed in purifying tank, for fixing, be positioned at adsorbent wherein, and purifying pot bottom is filled the cellular plastic beads of the invention described above.Mode of operation as described in Example 1, to mainly containing H
2, and contain a small amount of H
2o, CO, CO
2mixed material gas purify.Charge flow rate is 110SLPM, and accumulative total operation is greater than 2000 hours, and hydrogen purity is without significant change.
Table 4 is containing the purification data of the purifier of built-in spacer assembly and filling porous shape plastic beads
the impact of the selection of adsorbent on purity of product gas and yield
The PSA Gas purifier using in this test is the purifying tank one gas product buffering pot type PSA purifier (comprise spacer assembly and be positioned over the cellular plastic beads on installing plate) using in above-mentioned test, and difference is only that purifying tank includes adsorbent kind and the filling mode of filling in adsorption bed.
In this test, carrying out the instrument that gas component test adopts is the GC900 of Shanghai Tian Pu Analytical Instrument Co., Ltd.
The bipolar plates that the PEM that the PEM pile that used is in the following embodiments provided by Wuhan science and engineering and Shanghai Hong Feng provide assembles.
Embodiment 4
A purifying tank one gas product cushion dashpot formula PSA purifier that adopts the invention described above, is directly used in the purification of the methanol recapitalization gas that described in patent ZL201010580669.4, fuel processor obtains, and described purification operations step as described in Example 1.In the purifying tank of this purifier, only fill single adsorbent of molecular sieve.Unstripped gas admission pressure 550kPa left and right, in purifying hydrogen of hydrogen, CO content is in 500ppm, and can stablize continues to purify obtains being not less than the hydrogen of 99.8% purity, purification efficiency approximately 65%, it calculates with reference to formula (1), and concrete data see the following form shown in 5.
The purification data of table 5 monolayer adsorption agent purifier
Embodiment 5
Adopt a purifying tank one gas product cushion dashpot formula PSA purifier of the present invention, be directly used in the purification of the methanol recapitalization gas that described in patent ZL201010580669.4, fuel processor obtains, described purification operations step as described in Example 1.In the purifying tank of this purifier, fill two-layer different adsorbent, absorbent charcoal material is filled by lower floor, and molecular screen material is filled on upper strata.Unstripped gas admission pressure 550kPa left and right, in purifying hydrogen of hydrogen, CO content is in 100ppm, can stablize continues to purify obtains the hydrogen of 99.9% above purity, compare with embodiment 4, refining effect and the efficiency of according to impurity composition, filling two kinds of different adsorbents are all significantly improved, the purification efficiency that calculates with reference to formula (1) is large 70%, and concrete data see the following form shown in 6.
The purification data of table 6 two layers of adsorbents purifier
Embodiment 6
Adopt a purifying tank one gas product cushion dashpot formula PSA purifier of the present invention, be directly used in the purification of the methanol recapitalization gas that described in patent ZL201010580669.4, fuel processor obtains, described purification operations step as described in Example 1.In the purifying tank of this purifier, fill three layers of different adsorbent, according to filling mode shown in Fig. 4, from the bottom up, ground floor is activated alumina material, and the second layer is absorbent charcoal material, and the 3rd layer is molecular screen material.Unstripped gas admission pressure 550kPa left and right, in purifying hydrogen of hydrogen, CO content is in 1ppm, can stablize the hydrogen that continues purification 99.997% and above purity, the purification efficiency approximately 80% calculating with reference to formula (1), concrete data see the following form shown in 7, its product quality and purification efficiency all improve a lot with respect to upper two schemes, and meet the required hydrogen quality required standard of hydrogen fuel cell (being that hydrogen purity is not less than 99.99%, CO content not higher than 1ppm).
On the basis of above experiment, gas after purifying is derived by hydrogen buffering thick stick, anode through decompression input PEM pile, pile negative electrode is by the air after filtering, start electricity generation system and carry out generator experimental, power generating with 5kW, moves 500 hours continuously, and no hydrogen quality problems occur.
The purification data of three layers of adsorbent purifier of table 7
Claims (10)
1. a PSA Gas purifier, comprising:
A purifying tank, includes an adsorption bed, and has unstripped gas entrance, waste gas outlet, product gas outlet and purgative gas entrance;
A gas product surge tank, has gas product entrance, product gas outlet;
Respectively with the unstripped gas entrance of described purifying tank, unstripped gas inlet valve, the waste gas outlet valve that waste gas outlet is communicated with;
Respectively with the purgative gas entrance of described purifying tank, purgative gas inlet valve, the product gas outlet valve that product gas outlet is communicated with;
Respectively with the gas product entrance of described gas product surge tank, gas product inlet valve, the product gas outlet valve that product gas outlet is communicated with;
It is characterized in that,
Described PSA Gas purifier also comprises:
First connecting elements, has for the unstripped gas inlet valve of described purifying tank and the unstripped gas inlet valve installing hole of waste gas outlet valve and waste gas outlet valve installing hole, for the product gas outlet valve installing hole of the product gas outlet valve of described gas product surge tank, for purifying tank first installing hole of described purifying tank and for surge tank first installing hole of described gas product surge tank;
Second connecting elements, be oppositely arranged with described the first connecting elements, have for the purgative gas inlet valve of described purifying tank and the purgative gas inlet valve installing hole of product gas outlet valve and product gas outlet valve installing hole, for the gas product inlet valve installing hole of the gas product inlet valve of described gas product surge tank, for purifying tank second installing hole of described purifying tank and for surge tank second installing hole of described gas product surge tank;
Described purifying tank and described gas product surge tank are between described the first connecting elements and described the second connecting elements, respectively via described purifying tank the first installing hole and described purifying tank the second installing hole and described surge tank the first installing hole and described surge tank the second installing hole and be placed between described the first connecting elements and described the second connecting elements;
Described the first connecting elements and the second connecting elements are respectively integral type structure.
2. the PSA Gas purifier of claim 1, is characterized in that, the gas of purifying through described PSA Gas purifier is hydrogen.
3. the PSA Gas purifier of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the unstripped gas inlet valve installing hole of described purifying tank and waste gas outlet valve installing hole lay respectively at a lip-deep opposite end of described the first connecting elements, the cardinal principle middle position of described purifying tank the first mounting hole site in the similar face of described the first connecting elements.
4. the PSA Gas purifier of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the purgative gas inlet valve installing hole of described purifying tank and product gas outlet valve installing hole lay respectively at a lip-deep opposite end of described the second connecting elements, the cardinal principle middle position of described purifying tank the second mounting hole site in the similar face of described the second connecting elements.
5. the PSA Gas purifier of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the product gas outlet valve installing hole of described gas product surge tank lays respectively at a lip-deep opposite end of described the first connecting elements, the cardinal principle middle position of described cushion dashpot the first mounting hole site in the similar face of described the first connecting elements.
6. the PSA Gas purifier of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the gas product inlet valve mounting hole site of described gas product surge tank is upper in a surface of described the second connecting elements, the cardinal principle middle position of described cushion dashpot the second mounting hole site in the similar face of described the second connecting elements.
7. the PSA Gas purifier of claim 1, is characterized in that, described PSA Gas purifier comprises a plurality of purifying tanks.
8. the PSA Gas purifier of claim 7, it is characterized in that, described the first connecting elements also has the first public unstripped gas inlet channel of a unstripped gas inlet valve for described purifying tank and the first public exhausting waste gas passage of a waste gas outlet valve for described purifying tank.
9. the PSA Gas purifier of claim 7, it is characterized in that, described the second connecting elements also has the second public flushing channel of a purgative gas inlet valve for described purifying tank and the second public product gas exit passageway of a product gas outlet valve for described purifying tank.
10. the PSA Gas purifier of claim 1, is characterized in that, the product gas outlet valve of described purifying tank is check valve.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104436992A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-03-25 | 北京氢璞创能科技有限公司 | Pressure swing adsorption gas purifier component with front gas component separator |
| CN105126538A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-09 | 北京氢璞创能科技有限公司 | Efficient multi-tank intake type pressure swing adsorption purifier |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6146450A (en) * | 1997-10-21 | 2000-11-14 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Installation for separating a gaseous mixture |
| CN1703265A (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2005-11-30 | H2Gen创新公司 | High recovery PSA cycles and apparatus with reduced complexity |
| CN201899965U (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-07-20 | 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院卫生装备研究所 | Integrated adsorption tower |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6146450A (en) * | 1997-10-21 | 2000-11-14 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Installation for separating a gaseous mixture |
| CN1703265A (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2005-11-30 | H2Gen创新公司 | High recovery PSA cycles and apparatus with reduced complexity |
| CN201899965U (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-07-20 | 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院卫生装备研究所 | Integrated adsorption tower |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104436992A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-03-25 | 北京氢璞创能科技有限公司 | Pressure swing adsorption gas purifier component with front gas component separator |
| CN105126538A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-09 | 北京氢璞创能科技有限公司 | Efficient multi-tank intake type pressure swing adsorption purifier |
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|---|---|
| CN104028077B (en) | 2016-02-24 |
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Denomination of invention: A pressure swing adsorption gas purifier Effective date of registration: 20230614 Granted publication date: 20160224 Pledgee: Bank of Shanghai Co.,Ltd. Beijing Branch Pledgor: BEIJING NOWOGEN TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2023980044065 |
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