CN104025813B - A kind of sheller unit of full feeding combining - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a full-feed combined harvesting threshing device, which includes a body on which a front transverse tangential flow roller, a transition guide plate and a rear longitudinal axial flow roller are installed in sequence, and a front grid is arranged below the front transverse tangential flow roller Grid concave screen, the rear grid concave screen is installed under the rear longitudinal axial flow drum, and the swing vibrating screen is installed under the front grid concave screen and the rear grid concave screen. A fan, a primary auger and a secondary auger are installed at the bottom, and a stalk chopping device is installed behind the swinging vibrating screen; The axial centerlines of the two are located on the same straight line; several punching holes are evenly arranged on the transition guide plate. The rear longitudinal axial flow drum includes a threshing gear bar and a feeding head installed at the end of the threshing gear bar. Three helical blades are arranged on the circumferential surface of the feeding head. The invention can improve conveying and threshing ability, increase feeding amount and reduce loss rate.

Description

A threshing device for full-feed combine harvesting

technical field

The invention relates to a full-feed combined harvesting threshing device, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

In the prior art, the threshing drums of the full-feed combine harvester are mainly vertical-mounted axial-flow drums and horizontal-mounted axial-flow drums, which have low production efficiency and large grain loss. The front cutting flow drum of the cutting and vertical flow full-feed combine harvester is horizontal, and the rear axial flow drum is vertical. The transverse center of the front cutting flow drum is offset relative to the axis of the rear axial flow drum. The screw feeding head of the rear axial flow drum adopts double leads. Compared with the single vertical axial flow full-feed combine harvester, this arrangement has a larger feeding amount, but since the transverse center of the front cutting flow drum is offset from the axis of the rear shaft drum, it is easy to produce a dead angle on the offset side. The crops are piled up here, which is easy to cause blockage, and the transportation is not smooth, which affects the normal harvest. In addition, its transmission is mainly chain transmission, which has complex structure, high noise and poor reliability.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a full-feed combined harvesting threshing device, improve the conveying and threshing ability, increase the feeding amount, and reduce the loss rate.

According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, the threshing device of the full-feed combined harvesting includes a body, a front transverse tangential flow drum and a rear longitudinal axial flow drum are installed on the body, and the front transverse tangential flow drum discharge port and A transition guide plate is set between the feeding ports of the rear longitudinal axial flow drum, a front grid concave screen is set under the front transverse tangential flow drum, and a rear grid concave screen is set under the rear longitudinal axial flow drum. A swinging vibrating screen is installed under the front grid concave screen and the rear grid concave screen, a fan, a primary auger and a secondary auger are installed under the swinging vibrating screen, and a stem is installed behind the swinging vibrating screen Shredding device; its features are: the transverse centerline of the front transverse cutting flow drum and the axial centerline of the rear longitudinal axial flow roller are on the same straight line; several punching holes are evenly arranged on the transition guide plate.

Further, the rear longitudinal axial flow drum includes a threshing gear bar and a feeding head installed at the end of the threshing gear bar. Three helical blades are arranged on the circumferential surface of the feeding head, which are respectively the first helical blade, the second the helical blade and the third helical blade.

Further, wear-resistant blades are respectively installed on the front and back surfaces of the first helical blade, the second helical blade and the third helical blade.

Further, the power input end of the front transverse cutting flow drum is connected to one end of the first chain, the other end of the first chain is connected to the input end of the bevel gear transmission box, and the output end of the bevel gear transmission box is connected to one end of the transmission coupling sleeve The other end of the transmission coupling sleeve is connected to one end of the transmission shaft, the other end of the transmission shaft is connected to one end of the second chain, and the other end of the second chain is connected to the power input end of the rear longitudinal axial flow drum.

Further, the swing-type vibrating screen includes a screen body, and a middle wall board is arranged in the middle of the screen body, and the middle wall board divides the screen body into left and right areas, and several screen pieces are arranged in the left and right areas of the screen body. The two ends of the sheet are respectively fixed on the screen body and the middle wallboard by the screen clips; the tail screen is arranged at the tail of the screen body, and the tail screen is arranged on both sides of the middle wall board; the front end of the screen body and the swing rod One end of the swing rod is hinged, and the other end of the swing rod is connected to the body through the swing rod pin shaft. Two eccentric wheel bearing seats are installed at the rear end of the screen body, and the swing shaft is supported in the eccentric wheel bearing seat.

Further, sieve connecting plates are arranged on both sides of the sieve body, and the sieve connecting plates connect all the sieve clips together, and the sieve connecting plates are connected to the sieve adjusting rod through the adjusting block.

Further, a screen is provided under the screen body.

Further, the input end of the primary auger is installed on the body through the primary auger bearing seat, a pulley is installed on the input end of the primary auger, the primary auger is installed in the connection shell, and one side of the connection shell is fixed on the body, The first bevel gearbox is installed on the other side of the connection shell, and the first bevel gearbox is equipped with the first vertical shaft, the first bevel gear and the second vertical shaft respectively, and the spline at the output end of the second vertical shaft is connected with the first bevel gear The spline sleeve is connected, the spline at the input end of the first vertical shaft is connected with the spline sleeve of the first bevel gear to form a gear pair; the input end of the second vertical shaft is connected with the spline sleeve at the output end of the primary auger through a spline, The output end of the first vertical shaft is connected with the spline sleeve at the input end of the vertical auger through a spline.

Further, the input end of the secondary auger is installed on the body through the secondary auger bearing seat, a sprocket is installed at the input end of the secondary auger, and the output end of the secondary auger is installed in the second bevel gearbox Inside, the second bevel gearbox is fixed on the machine body, and the fourth vertical shaft, the second bevel gear and the third vertical shaft are installed in the second bevel gearbox, and the splines at the output end of the third vertical shaft and the splines of the second bevel gear The spline at the input end of the fourth vertical shaft is connected with the spline sleeve of the second bevel gear to form a gear pair; the input end of the third vertical shaft is connected with the spline sleeve at the output end of the secondary auger through a spline, The output end of the fourth vertical shaft is connected with the spline sleeve at the input end of the inclined auger through a spline.

Further, one side of the threshing chamber cover of the rear longitudinal axial flow drum is hinged to one end of the pneumatic strut, and the other end of the pneumatic strut is hinged to the machine body.

The invention has the following advantages: (1) It improves the conveying and threshing ability, increases the feeding amount, reduces blockage, and improves the service life. The center of the front transverse tangential flow roller is changed from an offset arrangement to a symmetrical arrangement relative to the axis of the rear longitudinal axial flow roller to reduce blockage and ensure smooth conveying. The feeding head of the rear longitudinal axial flow drum is changed from double leads to three leads, and wear-resistant blades are added to improve the conveying capacity, increase the feeding amount, increase the wear resistance and thus improve the service life; (2 ) The intermediate power transmission from the front transverse tangential flow to the rear longitudinal axial flow drum adopts a long shaft transmission structure, which simplifies its transmission mechanism, improves the stability of transmission, reduces vibration, reduces noise, and improves work reliability; ( 3) There is a mesh perforated deflector between the front tangential flow drum and the rear longitudinal axial flow drum, which increases the separation area of the grains, improves the separation ability, improves the cleanliness, reduces the loss rate, and reduces the workload; (4 ) The primary and secondary augers can be assembled and disassembled on the left side of the body, which is convenient for maintenance; (5) Change the sieve body from a crank slider mechanism to a crank rocker mechanism to effectively reduce impact and friction; The sieve is divided into two from the middle to increase the load-bearing capacity of the sieve, and the two ends of the sieve are fixed with sieve clips made of shock-absorbing and wear-resistant non-metallic materials, which greatly reduces vibration and improves wear resistance; The opening adjustment mechanism is restructured into a link mechanism, which can directly adjust the opening of the screen plate to the required requirement from the tail of the vibrating screen. The structure is simple and reliable, and the adjustment is convenient.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the rear longitudinal axial flow drum.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the feeding head.

Fig. 5 is a rear view of Fig. 1 .

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the swing vibrating screen.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled state of the swing vibrating screen.

Fig. 8 is a top view of the oscillating vibrating screen.

Fig. 9 is a front view of the oscillating vibrating screen.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A of FIG. 9 .

Fig. 11 is a sectional view along line B-B of Fig. 9 .

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the primary auger.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the secondary auger.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 13: the full-feed combined harvesting threshing device includes a body 1, a front transverse cutting drum 2, a front grid concave screen 3, a front transverse cutting drum threshing chamber cover 4, Transition guide plate 5, rear longitudinal axial flow drum 6, rear grid concave screen 7, rear longitudinal axial flow drum threshing chamber cover 8, swing vibrating screen 9, stem chopping device 10, fan 11, primary auger 12. Secondary auger 13, first chain 14, bevel gear transmission box 15, transmission sleeve 16, transmission shaft 17, second chain 18, feeding head 19, wear-resistant blade 20, threshing gear rod 21, first Spiral blade 22, second spiral blade 23, third spiral blade 24, swing lever pin shaft 25, swing lever 26, sieve body 27, eccentric wheel bearing seat 28, swing shaft 29, sieve clip 30, sieve 31, sieve Sheet adjusting rod 32, sieve connecting plate 33, adjusting block 34, tail screen 35, middle wall panel 36, screen 37, pulley 38, primary auger loading and unloading hole 39, primary auger bearing seat 40, connecting shell 41, the first auger Two vertical shafts 42, the first bevel gear 43, the first vertical shaft 44, the first bevel gearbox 45, the vertical auger 46, the vertical auger shell 47, the secondary auger loading and unloading hole 48, the sprocket 49, the secondary auger Dragon bearing block 50, the third vertical shaft 51, the second bevel gear 52, the fourth vertical shaft 53, the second bevel gear box 54, the oblique auger 55, the oblique auger shell 56, the pneumatic strut 57 and the like.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention includes a body 1, on which a front transverse tangential flow drum 2 and a rear longitudinal axial flow drum 6 are installed, and the transverse center line of the front transverse tangential flow drum 2 is connected to the rear The axial center line of the longitudinal axial flow drum 6 is located on the same straight line, so that the crops can be transported more smoothly; a transition guide plate 5 is set between the discharge port of the front transverse cutting flow drum 2 and the feeding port of the rear longitudinal axial flow drum 6 The threshing chamber cover 4 of the front transverse cutting flow drum and the threshing chamber cover 8 of the rear longitudinal axial flow drum are respectively arranged above the front transverse cutting flow drum 2 and the rear longitudinal axial flow drum 6, and the front transverse cutting flow drum The front grid concave screen 3 is set under the 2, the rear grid concave screen 7 is set under the rear longitudinal axial flow drum 6, and the rear grid concave screen 7 is installed under the front grid concave screen 3 and the rear grid concave screen 7. Swing vibrating screen 9, fan 11, primary auger 12 and secondary auger 13 are installed below the swinging vibrating screen 9, stem chopping device 10 is installed in the rear of the swinging vibrating screen 9;

Several punching holes are evenly arranged on the transition guide plate 5, and the punching holes are rectangular holes, round holes or polygonal holes. This structure facilitates the separation of crop grains and stems and reduces the load;

As shown in Figure 3, the rear longitudinal axial flow drum 6 includes a threshing gear bar 21 and a feeding head 19 installed at the end of the threshing gear bar 21; as shown in Figure 4, the circumferential surface of the feeding head 19 There are three helical blades on the top, which are respectively the first helical blade 22, the second helical blade 23 and the third helical blade 24, so that the feeding amount of the whole machine is increased and the conveying capacity is improved; as shown in Figure 3, in the first helical blade Wear-resistant blades 20 are respectively installed on the fronts of the first helical blade 22, the second helical blade 23 and the third helical blade 24, which increases the wear resistance and improves the service life;

As shown in Figure 2, the power output end of the front transverse cutting flow drum 2 is connected to one end of the first chain 14, and the other end of the first chain 14 is connected to the input end of the bevel gear transmission box 15, and the bevel gear transmission box 15 The output end is connected to one end of the transmission coupling sleeve 16, the other end of the transmission coupling sleeve 16 is connected to one end of the transmission shaft 17, the other end of the transmission shaft 17 is connected to one end of the second chain 18, and the other end of the second chain 18 is connected. Set the power input end of the longitudinal axial flow drum 6;

As shown in Figures 6 to 8, the oscillating vibrating screen 9 includes a screen body 27, and a middle wall panel 36 is arranged in the middle of the screen body 27, and the middle wall panel 36 divides the screen body 27 into left and right regions. Several sieves 31 are arranged in the left and right regions of 27, and the two ends of the sieves 31 are respectively fixed on the sieve body 27 and the middle wallboard 36 through the sieve clips 30, and the sieve clips 30 adopt nylon sieve clips; Both sides of the sieve body 27 are provided with sieve connecting plates 33, the sieve connecting plates 33 connect all the sieve clamps 30 together, the sieve connecting plates 33 are connected with the sieve adjusting rod 32 through the adjusting block 34 to form a linkage mechanism; The swing-type vibrating screen 9 of the present invention shortens half of the sieve 31, and the sieve clip 30 adopts a shock-absorbing and wear-resistant non-metallic material (nylon), which effectively reduces vibration and improves wear resistance, greatly The service life of the sieve 31 is increased; when the angle of the sieve 31 needs to be adjusted, the sieve adjusting rod 32 can be directly adjusted from the tail of the sieve body 27, and the sieve connecting plate 33 drives all the sieves 31 to move together, so as to change the sieve The purpose of the angle of 31 is to solve the problem that the bolts are easy to loosen after the angle adjustment of the sieve sheet 31; at the same time, a tail screen 35 is arranged at the tail of the screen body 27, and the tail screen 35 is arranged on both sides of the middle wall board 36 to improve reliability. Property; Below described sieve body 27, be provided with screen cloth 37, improve the separating ability of grain;

As shown in Figures 6 and 9 to 11, the front end of the sieve body 27 is hinged to one end of the swing rod 26, and the other end of the swing rod 26 is connected to the body 1 through the swing rod pin 25; Two eccentric wheel bearing blocks 28 are installed at the rear end, and the swing shaft 29 is supported in the eccentric wheel bearing block 28; The swing rod 26 swings back and forth, which effectively reduces the impact and vibration, and improves the running stability;

As shown in Figure 12, the input end of the primary auger 12 is installed in the primary auger loading and unloading hole 39 on the body 1 through the primary auger bearing seat 40, and a pulley 38 is installed at the input end of the primary auger 12, and the primary auger The dragon 12 is installed in the connecting shell 41, one side of the connecting shell 41 is fixed on the body 1, and the other side of the connecting shell 41 is installed with a first bevel gear box 45, and the first bevel gear box 45 is respectively equipped with a first vertical shaft 44. The first bevel gear 43 and the second vertical shaft 42, the spline at the output end of the second vertical shaft 42 is connected with the spline sleeve of the first bevel gear 43, the spline at the input end of the first vertical shaft 44 is connected with the spline of the first bevel gear 43 The key sleeves are connected to form a gear pair; the input end of the second vertical shaft 42 is connected to the spline sleeve of the output end of the primary auger 12 through a spline, and the output end of the first vertical shaft 44 is input to the vertical auger 46 through a spline. The spline sleeve at the end is connected, and the vertical auger 46 is arranged in the vertical auger housing 47; the first bevel gearbox 45 is used to complete the power transmission and has a large enough volume for the grain to pass through;

As shown in Figure 13, the input end of the secondary auger 13 is installed in the secondary auger loading and unloading hole 48 on the body 1 through the secondary auger bearing seat 50, and a chain is installed at the input end of the secondary auger 13. wheel 49, the output end of the secondary auger 13 is installed in the second bevel gearbox 54, the second bevel gearbox 54 is fixed on the body 1, and the second bevel gearbox 54 is equipped with a fourth vertical shaft 53, a second The bevel gear 52 and the third vertical shaft 51, the spline at the output end of the third vertical shaft 51 is connected with the spline sleeve of the second bevel gear 52, the spline at the input end of the fourth vertical shaft 53 is connected with the spline sleeve of the second bevel gear 52 connected to form a gear pair; the input end of the third vertical shaft 51 is connected with the spline sleeve at the output end of the secondary auger 13 through a spline, and the output end of the fourth vertical shaft 53 is connected with the spline at the input end of the inclined auger 55 through a spline. The key sleeves are connected, the inclined auger 55 is arranged in the inclined auger shell 56, and the inclined auger shell 56 body 1 is connected;

As shown in Figure 5, one side of the rear longitudinal axial flow drum threshing chamber cover 8 is hinged to one end of the pneumatic strut 57, and the other end of the pneumatic strut 57 is hinged to the body 1, and the pneumatic strut 57 is in the process of inspection and maintenance. It is convenient for opening and fixing of rear vertical axial flow drum threshing chamber cover 8.

The invention is used for threshing rice, wheat and other crops, separating and cleaning the detached grains to obtain clean grains. The working principle of the present invention is that the crops are transported to the front cutting flow drum through the header for initial removal, and the crops after the initial removal are transported to the rear longitudinal axial flow drum. The grains that are first removed from the front cutting flow drum are separated and sent to the oscillating vibrating screen, and the three helical blade feeding heads of the rear vertical axial flow drum transport the crops that have been initially removed from the front cutting flow drum to the rear vertical The re-shedding is carried out in the axial-flow drum, and the re-shedded grains are separated by the rear grid concave screen and transported to the vibrating screen, while the stems are discharged from the rear of the rear longitudinal axial-flow drum and enter the stems for chopping. The device is crushed and then scattered to the field. The vibrating screen cooperates with the fan to clean the grains, and the clean grains fall to the primary auger, which is transported to the granary by the primary auger. The seeds containing impurities fall to the secondary auger, and the seeds containing impurities are returned to the vibrating sieve by the secondary auger for further cleaning.

Claims (9)

1. A threshing device for full-feed combined harvesting, including a body (1), on which a front transverse tangential flow drum (2) and a rear longitudinal axial flow drum (6) are installed, and a front transverse flow drum (6) is installed on the front A transition guide plate (5) is set between the outlet of the cutting flow drum (2) and the feeding port of the rear longitudinal axial flow drum (6), and a front grid concave screen ( 3), the rear grid concave screen (7) is installed under the rear longitudinal axial flow drum (6), and the swing is installed under the front grid concave screen (3) and the rear grid concave screen (7) Type vibrating screen (9), fan (11), primary auger (12) and secondary auger (13) are installed under the swinging vibrating screen (9), and stems are installed behind the swinging vibrating screen (9) Rod shredding device (10); it is characterized in that: the transverse centerline of the front transverse cutting flow drum (2) and the axial centerline of the rear longitudinal axial flow roller (6) are on the same straight line; the transition Several punching holes are evenly arranged on the guide plate (5); One side of the rear longitudinal axial flow drum threshing chamber cover (8) is hinged to one end of the pneumatic strut (57), and the other end of the pneumatic strut (57) is hinged to the machine body (1). 2. The full-feed combined harvesting threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rear longitudinal axial flow drum (6) includes a threshing rack (21) and is installed at the end of the threshing rack (21). The feeding head (19) at the top of the feed head (19) is provided with three helical blades on the circumference of the feeding head (19), which are respectively the first helical blade (22), the second helical blade (23) and the third helical blade (24) . 3. The full-feed combined harvesting threshing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: on the front of the first helical blade (22), the second helical blade (23) and the third helical blade (24) Install wear-resistant blades (20) respectively. 4. The full-feed combined harvesting threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power output end of the front transverse cutting drum (2) is connected to one end of the first chain (14), and the first chain The other end of (14) is connected to the input end of the bevel gear transmission box (15), the output end of the bevel gear transmission box (15) is connected to one end of the transmission coupling sleeve (16), and the other end of the transmission coupling sleeve (16) is connected to One end of the transmission shaft (17) is connected, the other end of the transmission shaft (17) is connected to one end of the second chain (18), and the other end of the second chain (18) is connected to the power input end of the rear longitudinal axial flow drum (6) . 5. The threshing device for full-feed combined harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the swing vibrating screen (9) includes a screen body (27), and a middle wallboard ( 36), the middle wallboard (36) divides the screen body (27) into two left and right regions, and several screen pieces (31) are arranged in the left and right two regions of the screen body (27), and the two ends of the screen pieces (31) They are respectively fixed on the screen body (27) and the middle wall board (36) through the screen clips (30); the tail screen (35) is set at the tail of the screen body (27), and the tail screen (35) is set on the middle wall The two sides of the plate (36); the front end of the screen body (27) is hinged to one end of the swing rod (26), and the other end of the swing rod (26) is connected to the machine body (1) through the swing rod pin (25). Two eccentric wheel bearing seats (28) are installed on the rear end of the sieve body (27), and the swing shaft (29) is supported in the eccentric wheel bearing seats (28). 6. The full-feed combined harvesting threshing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: screen connecting plates (33) are arranged on both sides of the sieve body (27), and the sieve connecting plates (33) connect all The sieve clips (30) are connected together, and the sieve connecting plate (33) is connected with the sieve adjusting rod (32) through the adjusting block (34). 7. The full-feed combined harvesting threshing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: a screen (37) is provided under the screen body (27). 8. The full-feed combined harvesting threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the input end of the primary auger (12) is installed on the body (1) through the primary auger bearing seat (40), The input end of the primary auger (12) is equipped with a pulley (38), the primary auger (12) is installed in the connecting shell (41), one side of the connecting shell (41) is fixed on the body (1), and the connecting shell (41 ) is installed on the other side of the first bevel gearbox (45), and the first bevel gearbox (45) is equipped with the first vertical shaft (44), the first bevel gear (43) and the second vertical shaft (42) respectively , the spline at the output end of the second vertical shaft (42) is connected with the spline sleeve of the first bevel gear (43), and the spline at the input end of the first vertical shaft (44) is connected with the spline sleeve of the first bevel gear (43) to form a gear pair; the input end of the second vertical shaft (42) is connected to the spline sleeve of the output end of the primary auger (12) through a spline, and the output end of the first vertical shaft (44) is connected to the vertical auger ( 46) The spline sleeve at the input end is connected. 9. The full-feed combined harvesting threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the input end of the secondary auger (13) is installed on the body (1) through the secondary auger bearing seat (50) Above, the sprocket (49) is installed at the input end of the secondary auger (13), and the output end of the secondary auger (13) is installed in the second bevel gearbox (54), and the second bevel gearbox (54) Fixed on the body (1), the fourth vertical shaft (53), the second bevel gear (52) and the third vertical shaft (51) are installed in the second bevel gearbox (54), and the third vertical shaft (51) The spline at the output end is connected with the spline sleeve of the second bevel gear (52), and the spline at the input end of the fourth vertical shaft (53) is connected with the spline sleeve of the second bevel gear (52) to form a gear pair; the third The input end of the vertical shaft (51) is connected with the spline sleeve at the output end of the secondary auger (13) through a spline, and the output end of the fourth vertical shaft (53) is connected with the spline at the input end of the inclined auger (55) through a spline The sets are connected.